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The purposes of this study were:1) Developed problem-based on learning tools in the cultural context of Aceh (PBM-BKBA) who meet the criteria are valid, practical and effective; 2) Described the improvement of communication capabilities mathematics and social skills of students using the PBM-BKBA developed; and 3) Described the process of student answers in solving mathematical communication skills.Research development of 4-D model was done in two stages: 1) the development of learning devices; and 2) testing devices. The subjects in this study were students of class VIII SMPN 1 Muara Batu, while the object is the PBM-BKBA developed, mathematical communication skills, and social skills of students. The results were obtained: 1) The PBM-BKBA that developed have valid criteria, practical and effective; 2) There is an increased ability of mathematical communication and social skills of students using the PBM-BKBA developed; 3) the student answers on trial II trial better than I.

This study examined the use of problem-based learning (PBL) in an actual counseling session and the effects on student assertiveness skills. A group of seventh-grade students, who were all victims of bullies, participated in the study. The students, two boys and one girls, were 13 and 14 years old. Teachers rated the level of assertiveness skills that students exhibited when confronted by other students. After the establishment of baseline skills, group counseling sessions were conducted twice a week for 3 weeks according to an adapted PBL model. Students identified a common problem they wanted to resolve. They then made a list of facts and asked open-ended questions concerning the problem. They held a discussion about each question, formed hypotheses, identified counseling issues, and listed resources. Student assertiveness skills were measured after the intervention, and findings indicate that treatment using the PBL methodology was effective in increasing assertiveness skills. An appendix contains the assertiveness rating scale. (SLD)

In designing and implementing the pilot program of serving principal training, the author of this paper learned the experience from what E. Bridges and P. Hallinger did but didn't imitate fully, rather, created several new strategies because Chinese principals faced different situation from their American counterparts. The pilot program introduced and implemented the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) approach. The outcome of this pilot program shows: (1) PBL is a promising approach to serving principal training in China in casting off the traditional "chalk and talk" lecture approach; (2) The actual learning of trainees will happen prior to the classroom sessions if a trainer lets trainees participate the process of problem identification in pre-training stage; and (3) PBL approach is much welcome and strong supported by local government and policymakers when the focal problem is related to implementation of current local policy. (Contains 1 figure.)

Problem-based learning (PBL) is a pedagogical method that challenges students to think intuitively, learn cooperatively in groups to seek solutions to real world problems. These problems are used as the building blocks to engage students' curiosity and initiate independent learning of subject matter. Authentic, alternative assessment plays a key role in the effective implementation of a PBL unit. The discussions in this paper are drawn upon the learning experiences of students enrolled in a tertiary institution that has developed its curricular design based upon a rigorous PBL model. Based upon student feedback, some crucial issues focusing on the inherent strengths and pitfalls of authentic assessment techniques in the context of a PBL environment are explored. Students' comments on possible improvements to the assessment system are also analysed in this paper.

This article presents the PBL model applied at Aalborg University in order to discuss research findings with regard to the educational effectiveness of the PBL model in securing an efficient transfer of learning from university driven continuing education to the context of the workplace. In recent years Aalborg University has seen a progressive PBL development with regard to our many new continuing educational programs. The empirical data applied in the article is collected from two qualitative Ph.D. studies. Drawing on research findings from these studies, we discuss why the PBL model, in spite of the intentions of closing the gap between education and working life, seems to have some important challenges. The discussion concludes by suggesting some pedagogical guidelines for the design of future PBL organized academic activities within continuing education.

The aim of this study was two-fold. The first aim was to determine the levels of critical thinking disposition and perception of problem-solving ability of pre-service teachers. The second aim was to compare the effects of problem-based learning and traditional teaching methods on the critical thinking dispositions and perceptions of problem-solving ability of pre-service teachers, when implemented in the teaching of the acid-base topic. Participants for the study consisted of 49 pre-service teachers. A pre-test-post-test control group design was used. Data were obtained using the California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory and Problem-Solving Inventory. It was generally determined that pre-service teachers exhibit low levels of critical thinking disposition and medium levels of perception of problem-solving ability. Also, while problem-based learning and traditional teaching methods did not have different effects on the critical thinking dispositions of pre-service teachers, they had different effects on their perceptions of problem-solving ability.

Hasil belajar dan keterampilan kolaborasi merupakan indikator yang digunakan sebagai tolak ukur keberhasilan belajar siswa. Namun, seringkali hasil belajar dan keterampilan kolaborasi siswa masih sulit untuk bisa mencapai capaian pembelajaran yang telah dipersiapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar dan keterampilan kolaborasi siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem-Based Learning (PBL). Penelitian tindakan kelas kolaboratif (PTKK) ini bertempat di SMPN 1 Godean dan dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus dengan melibatkan sebanyak 31 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi modul ajar, asesmen diagnostik kognitif dan formatif serta rubrik observasi kolaboratif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran Problem-Based Learning (PBL) dapat meningkatkan skor capaian hasil belajar dari siklus I (64.52%) ke siklus II (87.10%) dengan peningkatan sebesar 22.58% dan capaian keterampilan kolaborasi dari siklus I (70.97%) ke siklus II (87.10%) dengan peningkatan sebesar 16.13%.

As the value of multi-disciplinary working in the business and research worlds is becoming more recognised, the number of inter-disciplinary postgraduate environmental and health sciences courses is also increasing. Equally, the popularity of problem-based learning (PBL) is expected to grow and influence instructional approaches in many disciplines. However, very limited research has been conducted to explore the perception of students of PBL in inter- or multi-disciplinary environments; particularly wide-ranging multi-disciplinary courses which cross the natural-social science barrier. The findings from this case study evidence the difficulties and benefits students derive from group PBL, many of which stem from working in multi-disciplinary and multi-skilled groups on a part-time basis. Acknowledging, accepting and overcoming conflicts based upon prior experience that influences epistemological and ontological beliefs may be key to the development of effective PBL in inter-disciplinary and multi-disciplinary programmes. Recommendations for good pedagogic practice to maximise learning in postgraduate environmental and science education are made.

Higher learning organizations frequently offer courses isolated from other disciplines or areas of concentration. The intent of this study was to explore collaboration practices on authentic based projects involving two distinct courses from differing programs: Instructional Technology and Educational Leadership. This paper describes the strategies of designing effective learning environments for multidisciplinary collaboration and problem-based learning and reports the effectiveness of those strategies. The result of the collaboration was the production of various multimedia interactive professional development training materials developed by the technology students on various topics proposed by the school administrators. The collaborative learning practices provided the opportunity to not only give and receive knowledge among the participants but also view this exchange as a responsibility to create a collaborative culture within the university.

Scaffolding is a learning approach designed to promote a deeper understanding, it is the support given during the learning process which is tailored to the needs of the student with the intention of helping the student achieve the learning goals, including resources, a compelling task, templates and guides, and guidance on the development of cognitive and social skills. Meanwhile, problem-based learning (PBL) situate learning in complex tasks. Such task require scaffolding to help students engage in sense making, managing their investigations, problem-solving processes, and encouraging students to articulate their thinking and reflect on their learning. This study aimed to develop four scaffolding modules for collaborative problem-based learning through the computer network on Moodle LMS for the computer programming course of undergraduate students, and to analyze the satisfaction of the experts and students after using the developed scaffolding modules. The four scaffolding modules consisted of metacognitive scaffolding, conceptual scaffolding, strategic scaffolding, and procedural scaffolding, each of which represented by a 3-D animation expert cartoon to attract students. The sample group were twenty-two students of small group pilot and six experts. The findings indicated that the degree of satisfaction towards the scaffolding from the experts was high and the degree of the satisfaction towards the scaffolding from the students was also high. This can be used the four scaffolding modules to complete PBL task successfully.

Audio-visual advances in virtual reality (VR) technology have given rise to innovative new ways to teach and learn. However, so far teaching and learning processes have been technologically driven as opposed to pedagogically led. This paper identifies the development of a pedagogical model and its application for teaching, studying and learning with 3D virtual reality technologies. This is in the context of design and technology education, where it has been devised for the support of innovation education. This work promotes an understanding of the implications of virtual learning technologies in education for teachers, learners and educational decision-makers. Furthermore, it can be shown that when pedagogical considerations are given weight in the development of such technology-based learning services, improvements arise for all stakeholders.

Professional teachers can guarantee the progress and the promotion of society because fostering the development of next generation is up to them and depends on their professional knowledge which has two kinds of sources: content knowledge and teaching skill. The aim of the present research was studying the effect of integrating problem-based learning with Information and Communications Technology (ICT) on developing content knowledge and teaching skill of trainee teachers. The research design was a quasi-experimental one, and the participants were elementary education trainee teachers of Shahid Bahonar teacher training center of Hamadan, Iran. Two groups were given tests of theory and practice on teaching mathematical concepts at elementary school, and then a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was conducted to compare the pretest-posttest scores. There was a significant difference, in both multivariate and univariate analyses, in scores. The findings suggest that trainee teachers who integrate problem-based learning with ICT in solving a problem may develop more professional content knowledge and teaching skill than those who merely employ ICT.

Problem-based learning (PBL) provides an appealing framework for teaching and learning not only within the subject of geography but also across other disciplines. It promotes a healthy environment for active learning with its diverse sets of activities, helping students carry out investigative inquiry in the learning processes. This study examines the potential benefits of adopting a PBL approach in teaching and learning in secondary geography classrooms. It takes into account the inputs needed from both teacher and students in determining the success of the approach implementation. The study shows how, through careful planning and preparation, PBL activities can effectively enhance students' engagements and improve their grasp of geographical content knowledge. However, the teacher's shortcomings in performing the role of facilitator did highlight a limitation for the research, which hindered the success of the implementation. Future research should continue to actively examine experiences from teachers in PBL applications, discussing the circumstances to identify the conditions necessary for successful implementation of PBL within a variety of contexts.

This case study discusses the deconstructions and synergies of problem-based learning (PBL) and community-based project-organized education. The growing literature on these methods lacks in coverage of their synergies and their applicability to meaningful projects with communities as partners. Community-based learning is inherently problem based and provides a natural environment to introduce problem-based learning, but problem-based learning is not inherently community-based. A project-organized curriculum is not necessarily community based or problem oriented. Its application in community problem-based models therefore requires clear articulation. Scholars wishing to use both approaches are faced with the challenge of revisiting the connections from time to time, given the evolving and changing contextual nature of community issues, problems, and needs. This article discusses theoretical underpinnings, context, applications, and experiences in using these methods at the Department of Nursing Sciences at the University of Venda in South Africa.

In recent years, Problem Based Learning (PBL) has been applied in medical and psychological areas of professional education. The PBL approach requires students to move past traditional choreographic methods toward making dances informed by real-world issues. In PBL, students work cooperatively to solve complex problems. Rather than being presented technical dance steps, they develop critical thinking abilities, acquire problem-solving skills, and communication dexterity. PBL can be effectively adapted for teaching high school and university dance classes, where problems are used to unlock the student voice and fuel the collaborative choreography process. This can be done in part by having groups meet in one dance studio with a roving teacher/facilitator and by using a problem as impetus for the creative process. This article describes a four-day PBL dance workshop and performance.

Problem-based Learning (PBL) approach has been widely used in various disciplines since it is claimed to improve students' soft skills. However, empirical supports on the effect of PBL on problem solving skills have been lacking and anecdotal in nature. This study aimed to determine the effect of PBL approach on students' problem solving skills using a quasi-experimental non-equivalent group pretest--posttest design. Fifty management students from a premier Technical University in Malaysia were assigned to experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, students were given four problems to be solved and their solutions of the problems given were assessed in terms of their accuracy and quality. Students in the control group received conventional classroom instructional design. Results indicate that students in the experimental group have better problem solving skills (z: -4.220, p: 0.001 for accuracy and z: -2.594, p: 0.009 for quality) compared to those who were not exposed to the PBL approach. This finding substantiates the use of PBL as an effective instructional tool to improve students' problem solving abilities.

Despite several years of successfully applying problem-based learning at Maastricht University, the Faculty of Medicine observed a slow erosion of problem-based practices and "PBL fatigue" among themselves and students. In response to this fatigue and new research into the development of the young adult brain, Active Self-Directed Learning was introduced through the new bachelor of European Public Health programme in an effort to re-energise the classical PBL model and reduce or eliminate erosion. ASDL is split into a four part learning cycle: 1) sensitisation, 2) exploration, 3) integration, and 4) application. The cycle supports problem-based learning and the developing minds of students through the integration of information, critical thinking and self-evaluation, while also teaching self-responsibility and team management skills. When applied as part of a problem-based learning curriculum, ASDL at Maastricht University helped reduce PBL fatigue and re-energised students' interest in PBL within the first EPH cohort (2006-2009) according to survey feedback obtained after the 5th semester. The positive student response was tempered by recommendations on how to continue improving the ASDL model. (Contains 3 figures.)

There was a concern from faculty at Bahrain Teachers' College that undergraduate Bahraini students lack the necessary competencies needed for success in educational contexts that are conducive to active, student-centered learning. It was decided that the students be introduced to a problem-based learning (PBL) strategy in one of their educational psychology courses to encourage more active learning on their part. PBL is a strategy through which students learn course content by analyzing and solving real-life problems related to the course, and in Bahrain it is a strategy that is seldom, if at all, applied in classroom contexts other than those of the medical sciences. In this sense, the current study was somewhat unique and it focused on exploring the effects of, and the students' reactions, to PBL. In it, observation, monitoring of students' performance, and students' personal reflections and group presentations were utilized as the main assessment instruments. Results indicated a high satisfaction rate with PBL, as well as improved learning outcomes in the educational psychology classroom, with the development of competencies that are more in line with what is needed for solid professional teaching practice. The results also suggested interesting implications related to teacher preparatory colleges and educational reform. (Contains 2 tables.)

Question-asking is essential for being, knowing and learning. However, classroom research has confirmed that students do not ask questions spontaneously and teachers ask the most questions, mainly low-level ones. The purpose of this qualitative case-study is to investigate question-asking during problem-based learning (PBL) tutorials, a subject rarely studied. By filling this gap, this study, based on video-recorded data from 20 small-group tutorial sessions, provides fresh perspective and contributes to the field by focusing on formal functional roles. The analysis reveals that despite the high incidence of questions, they are imbalanced regarding their type and who asks them. The study confirms that students do acquire the skill of question-asking during PBL tutorials. However, to maximize the benefits of question-asking for epistemological and ontological development, more innovative learning activities must be designed and realised in tutorials.

The study investigated the effect of problem-based learning (PBL) on students' achievement in chemistry. Learners' low achievement in Science in South Africa has been a concern to government, stakeholders, school principals and parents over the years as a result of poor teaching techniques, students' attitudes, lack of teaching and learning materials, teachers' pedagogical skills, etc. Several studies, for instance the Monitoring Learner Achievement (MLA) project conducted by UNESCO and UNICEF have shown no improvement in the performance of South African students in Mathematics and Science. Quasi-experimental design was employed for the study. 101 equivalent students were selected for the study using pre-test. The control group was taught with the traditional lecture method whiles the experimental group received instruction with PBL. Independent t-test was used for the analysis. Results showed that there was significant difference (p < 0.05) in chemistry achievement of students between control and the experimental group while there was no significant differences in the before the study. The results show that PBL is an effective way for to teach chemistry so as to improve students' critical thinking and problem solving skills.

Model of moral cultivation in MTsN Bangunharja done using three methods, classical cultivation methods, extra-curricular activities in the form of religious activities, scouting, sports, and Islamic art, and habituation of morals. Problem base learning models in MTsN Bangunharja applied using the following steps: find the problem, define the problem, Determine the facts, develop provisional estimates, Investigate, Enhance the problem has been defined, concluded alternatives to solving collaboratively, test solutions to problems. The problem base learning and teaching models is proven to improve the quality of the character of students in MTsN Bangunharja. This is evidenced by the results of statistical calculations that generate t values of 26.35, while t table amounted to 1.7109. (A bibliography is included.)

The purpose of this study was to design a problem based collaborative learning environment supported by dynamic web technologies and to examine students' views about this learning environment. The study was designed as a qualitative research. Some 36 students who took an Object Oriented Programming I-II course at the department of computer programming in a public university participated in the study. The Object Oriented Programming I-II course was designed by incorporating different dynamic web technologies (Edmodo, Google Services, and Mind42) and the collaborative problem solving method by Nelson (1999). For the implementation process, students worked on real problem scenarios and ultimately produced software. During this process students worked in a learning environment supported by dynamic web technologies in order to solve the problems. To determine students' views on this learning environment a semi-structured interview form was prepared; this consisted of questions on the learning environment supported by dynamic web technologies where collaborative problem solving methods were implemented. At the end of the course, focus group interviews were conducted with collaborative learning groups. The interview data were analyzed through content analysis. The results showed that 4 themes emerged, namely: positive aspects of the learning environment, difficulties faced in the learning environment, advantages of the learning environment, and skills gained as a result of the project. The results suggest that problem based collaborative learning methods and dynamic web technologies can be used in the community college learning environment.

This paper describes how a circuits-based project-oriented problem-based learning educational model was integrated into the first year of a Bachelor of Engineering in Electronic Engineering programme at Maynooth University, Ireland. While many variations of problem based learning exist, the presented model is closely aligned with the model used in Aalborg University, Denmark. Key learning outcomes, implementation features and an evaluation of the integrated project-oriented problem-based learning module over a two year period are all presented within.

Postgraduate medical education (PGME) bridges the gap between medical school and independent practice. Problem-based learning (PBL), which has demonstrated success in undergraduate medical education, has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional didactic lectures. However, further research is required to assess its impact on family medicine trainees. This scoping review will assess the current available literature on this topic.

Postgraduate medical education (PGME) bridges the gap between medical school and independent practice. Problem-based learning (PBL), which has demonstrated success in undergraduate medical education, has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional didactic lectures. However, further research is required to assess its impact on family medicine trainees. This scoping review will assess the current available literature on this topic.

The objectives of the Institute were: (a) increase participants' content knowledge about aeronautics, science, mathematics, and technology, (b) model and promote the use of scientific inquiry through problem-based learning, (c) investigate the use of instructional technologies and their applications to curricula, and (d) encourage the dissemination of TEI experiences to colleagues, students, and parents.

The focus of this book is original research regarding the implementation of problem-based learning and pedagogies of play as active approaches to foster self-directed learning. With the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) in mind, educational institutions need to rethink teaching and learning for the future. As such, active engagement can be encouraged, as evident in this book, where problem-based learning drives learning through real-world problems, while pedagogy of play focuses on innovative environments where the action of play and learning are integrated with the aim of developing SDL. The following are addressed in the chapters: an overview of problem-based learning and pedagogy of play, metaliteracy, playful problem-based learning tasks, computational thinking in game-based tasks and geometry, solving puzzles, applying LEGO®, using drama as the pedagogy of play and implementing educational robotics. The empirical research findings disseminated in this book aim to inspire academics in the research focus area of self-directed learning with active learning approaches in the school and tertiary classroom that hold affordances to enhance 21st-century skills. Active learning is an umbrella term for pedagogies that mainstream student engagement, such as problem-based learning, cooperative learning, gamification, role-play and drama. This scholarly book highlights various engaging pedagogies.

The focus of this book is original research regarding the implementation of problem-based learning and pedagogies of play as active approaches to foster self-directed learning. With the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) in mind, educational institutions need to rethink teaching and learning for the future. As such, active engagement can be encouraged, as evident in this book, where problem-based learning drives learning through real-world problems, while pedagogy of play focuses on innovative environments where the action of play and learning are integrated with the aim of developing SDL. The following are addressed in the chapters: an overview of problem-based learning and pedagogy of play, metaliteracy, playful problem-based learning tasks, computational thinking in game-based tasks and geometry, solving puzzles, applying LEGO®, using drama as the pedagogy of play and implementing educational robotics. The empirical research findings disseminated in this book aim to inspire academics in the research focus area of self-directed learning with active learning approaches in the school and tertiary classroom that hold affordances to enhance 21st-century skills. Active learning is an umbrella term for pedagogies that mainstream student engagement, such as problem-based learning, cooperative learning, gamification, role-play and drama. This scholarly book highlights various engaging pedagogies.

The focus of this book is original research regarding the implementation of problem-based learning and pedagogies of play as active approaches to foster self-directed learning. With the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) in mind, educational institutions need to rethink teaching and learning for the future. As such, active engagement can be encouraged, as evident in this book, where problem-based learning drives learning through real-world problems, while pedagogy of play focuses on innovative environments where the action of play and learning are integrated with the aim of developing SDL. The following are addressed in the chapters: an overview of problem-based learning and pedagogy of play, metaliteracy, playful problem-based learning tasks, computational thinking in game-based tasks and geometry, solving puzzles, applying LEGO®, using drama as the pedagogy of play and implementing educational robotics. The empirical research findings disseminated in this book aim to inspire academics in the research focus area of self-directed learning with active learning approaches in the school and tertiary classroom that hold affordances to enhance 21st-century skills. Active learning is an umbrella term for pedagogies that mainstream student engagement, such as problem-based learning, cooperative learning, gamification, role-play and drama. This scholarly book highlights various engaging pedagogies.

The focus of this book is original research regarding the implementation of problem-based learning and pedagogies of play as active approaches to foster self-directed learning. With the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) in mind, educational institutions need to rethink teaching and learning for the future. As such, active engagement can be encouraged, as evident in this book, where problem-based learning drives learning through real-world problems, while pedagogy of play focuses on innovative environments where the action of play and learning are integrated with the aim of developing SDL. The following are addressed in the chapters: an overview of problem-based learning and pedagogy of play, metaliteracy, playful problem-based learning tasks, computational thinking in game-based tasks and geometry, solving puzzles, applying LEGO®, using drama as the pedagogy of play and implementing educational robotics. The empirical research findings disseminated in this book aim to inspire academics in the research focus area of self-directed learning with active learning approaches in the school and tertiary classroom that hold affordances to enhance 21st-century skills. Active learning is an umbrella term for pedagogies that mainstream student engagement, such as problem-based learning, cooperative learning, gamification, role-play and drama. This scholarly book highlights various engaging pedagogies.

Problem Based Learning (PBL) has been used with increased frequency in Higher Education settings since first introduced by Barrows and Tamblyn during the 1980's. Since this time PBL has been used in medical, engineering and education faculties to support pre-service students in the acquisition of skills and content knowledge relevant to their disciplines. This paper explores the perceptions early childhood and primary pre-service teachers held regarding their participation in a unit of study structured around the use of a PBL scenario. The paper examines the frustrations pre-service teachers experienced within the PBL scenario as well as the perceived benefits regarding their participation in the unit of study.

The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of teaching methods in improving Mathematics Learning Achievement and Problem solving ability of students at an international college. This is a Quasi-Experimental Research which was done the study with the first year students who have registered to study Mathematics subject at St. Theresa International College of Thailand. The experiment was conducted in the first semester of the academic year 2015 in two classes; each classroom consisted of 25 students was chosen using Cluster Random Sampling. The statistical tools used for the study were Mean, Standard Deviation and One-Way ANCOVA a covariance analysis. The study results revealed that, among the 2 teaching methods, the students groups taught through STAD model of cooperative learning have secured high scores in the post-test conducted to measure mathematics learning achievement and problem solving ability. Hence there is a significant difference between the teaching methods, mathematical learning achievement and problem solving ability. However, both the methods have improvement in post-test, further it is evidenced that STAD model of cooperative learning is effective compared to problem based learning for improving students in mathematics.

Open education, as embodied in open educational resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW), has met and dealt with several key problems. The movement now has a critical mass of available content. Leveraging no small amount of funding and associated development, open education has the tools to collect, disseminate, and support the discovery of open materials. Now that the foundation for openness has been laid, practitioners are experimenting with new kinds of education and pedagogies associated with open content (Weller, 2009; di Savoia, 2009). Problem-based learning is one of many progressive pedagogies that might be combined with open education. This paper defines problem-based learning in the context of open education. Unique challenges are presented and discussed alongside possible solutions, realistic limitations, and calls for implementation in the future to test validity.

Open education, as embodied in open educational resources (OER) and OpenCourseWare (OCW), has met and dealt with several key problems. The movement now has a critical mass of available content. Leveraging no small amount of funding and associated development, open education has the tools to collect, disseminate, and support the discovery of open materials. Now that the foundation for openness has been laid, practitioners are experimenting with new kinds of education and pedagogies associated with open content (Weller, 2009; di Savoia, 2009). Problem-based learning is one of many progressive pedagogies that might be combined with open education. This paper defines problem-based learning in the context of open education. Unique challenges are presented and discussed alongside possible solutions, realistic limitations, and calls for implementation in the future to test validity.

Education equips individuals with intellectual intelligence, good attitudes, and skills that benefit both themselves and their surroundings in the future. The problem-based learning model encourages students to develop critical thinking skills. In biology learning, a shift is necessary from teacher-centered instruction to student-centered learning. This study aims to examine the influence of the problem-based learning model assisted by Liveworksheets on the respiratory system material. Liveworksheets introduce an innovative and engaging approach to problem-solving through features like video and audio clips, designed to maximize students' critical thinking skills. This quantitative research employed a quasi-experimental method. The population consisted of all 105 11 th -grade science students at SMA N 08 Bandar Lampung, distributed across four classes. The sample was selected using cluster random sampling, with class XI IPA 2 as the control group and class XI IPA 4 as the experimental group. Data were analyzed using an Independent Sample T-Test to test the hypotheses. The normality test was conducted using the Shapiro-Wilk test to determine whether the data followed a normal distribution, while the homogeneity of variance test assessed the uniformity of data variances. The results revealed a significant influence of the problem-based learning model assisted by Liveworksheets on the critical thinking skills of 11th-grade students studying the respiratory system at SMA N 08 Bandar Lampung. This was indicated by a significance value of 0.000 (< 0.05), leading to the rejection of H 0 and acceptance of H 1 . These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the problem-based learning model assisted by Liveworksheets in enhancing students' critical thinking abilities.

Faculty of Medicine UGM has implemented Problem Based Learning (PBL) since 1985. Seven jump tutorial discussions are applied. A scenario is used as a trigger to stimulate students to identify learning objectives (LOs) in step five which are used as the basis for self study in step six. For each scenario, the Block Team formulates the LOs which are informed to tutors. Tutors have to facilitate the discussion that the correct LOs are identified. This study checked the allignment of LOs formulated by the Faculty and LOs by the students. Cardiorespiratory system block is used. A content analysis is applied for this purpose. Sixteen discussion notes (DNs) written by 16 groups from one scenarios were analysed. The LOs from the tutor book and DNs were coded separately. There were eight Faculty LOs for scenario Blood Donation. None DNs were mentioned correctly. Many DNs mentioned LOs which are not in the prescribed LOs. It was clear that 16 groups of student failed to identify LOs correctly. This might affect their performance in their block exams, and also their preparedness for the subsequent blocks as they lack relevant prior knowledge.

Purpose: The study aimed to (1) review the literature to construct conceptual models that could guide instructional designers in developing problem/project-based learning environments while applying effective feedback strategies, (2) use the models to design, develop, and implement an online graduate course, and (3) assess the efficiency of the models. Method: Quantitative and qualitative data were gathered during the implementation of an online graduate-level course that was designed and developed using the two proposed conceptual models. Eleven students were enrolled in the course. Multiple sources of data and analytical strategies were used to collect, analyze, and interpret the data. Findings: The results show that the characteristics and strategies suggested in the proposed models supported student achievement in course projects and activities. The timely and frequent feedback allowed students to make necessary changes to their final project parts and improve performance. The motivating, informative/ specific feedback and feed-forward goals appeared to provide a reference for areas of student improvement. A balance of the three types of feedback, along with metacognitive questioning, supported student improvement. Because the frequency of feedback was dependent upon student request, those who needed more frequent feedback during the acquisition of learning benefited from that, but those who did not need it received the moderate amount necessary to be successful. Significance: The study brings to light the importance of three types of formative feedback in problem or project-based learning. It offers two conceptual frameworks for instructional designers and curriculum developers. The models could be used to provide all forms of feedback including feed up, feedback and feed-forward to support student success in PBL learning environments.

This paper describes the introduction of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) into a final-year option module in psychology. The background and rationale for the changes introduced are discussed and the experience of PBL is considered from the point of view of tutor and students. The introduction of PBL considerably increased student attainment in the module and enhanced the module experience for students and for the tutor. It is suggested that PBL can be an effective vehicle for enabling students to acquire knowledge and critical understanding of psychology and that this can be assessed effectively using traditional methods that focus on outcomes rather than processes.

Problem-Based Learning, despite recent controversies about its effectiveness, is used extensively as a teaching method throughout higher education. In meteorology, there has been little attempt to incorporate Problem-Based Learning techniques into the curriculum. Motivated by a desire to enhance the reflective engagement of students within a current field course module, this project describes the implementation of two test Problem-Based Learning activities and testing and improvement using several different and complementary means of evaluation. By the end of a 2-year program of design, implementation, testing, and reflection and re-evaluation, two robust, engaging activities have been developed that provide an enhanced and diverse learning environment in the field course. The results suggest that Problem-Based Learning techniques would be a useful addition to the meteorology curriculum and suggestions for courses and activities that may benefit from this approach are included in the conclusions.

Problem-Based Learning, despite recent controversies about its effectiveness, is used extensively as a teaching method throughout higher education. In meteorology, there has been little attempt to incorporate Problem-Based Learning techniques into the curriculum. Motivated by a desire to enhance the reflective engagement of students within a current field course module, this project describes the implementation of two test Problem-Based Learning activities and testing and improvement using several different and complementary means of evaluation. By the end of a 2-year program of design, implementation, testing, and reflection and re-evaluation, two robust, engaging activities have been developed that provide an enhanced and diverse learning environment in the field course. The results suggest that Problem-Based Learning techniques would be a useful addition to the meteorology curriculum and suggestions for courses and activities that may benefit from this approach are included in the conclusions.

The objectives of this study is to find out: 1) How satisfied are medical students with the student-centred podcast production developing intra-collaborative competencies? 2) How do medical students experience that the use of PBL pedagogy in combination with student-centered podcast production can develop the acquisition of the competency the Collaborator, as defined by CanMEDS framework in a medical curriculum?

This exploratory article highlights how problem-based learning (PBL) provided the pedagogical framework used to design and interpret learning analytics from [GAME], a collaborative game-based learning environment centered on supporting science inquiry. Results showed that students learned the targeted content after engaging with the game-based learning environment. Clusters based on the PCA revealed four main ways of engaging in the game-based learning environment: (1) high collaborative sensemaking, (2) low collaborative sensemaking, (3) high self-directed actions and low collaborative sensemaking, and (4) moderate collaborative sensemaking. Although students who scored lower spent more time in chat and engaging in voting tasks, qualitative analysis revealed that these groups engaged in metacognitive discussions that left less time for discussions about the content, whereas groups that scored higher in the post-test engaged in more in-depth scientific discussions. These findings have implications for designing adaptive support that responds to students’ interactions with in-game activities.

This exploratory article highlights how problem-based learning (PBL) provided the pedagogical framework used to design and interpret learning analytics from [GAME], a collaborative game-based learning environment centered on supporting science inquiry. Results showed that students learned the targeted content after engaging with the game-based learning environment. Clusters based on the PCA revealed four main ways of engaging in the game-based learning environment: (1) high collaborative sensemaking, (2) low collaborative sensemaking, (3) high self-directed actions and low collaborative sensemaking, and (4) moderate collaborative sensemaking. Although students who scored lower spent more time in chat and engaging in voting tasks, qualitative analysis revealed that these groups engaged in metacognitive discussions that left less time for discussions about the content, whereas groups that scored higher in the post-test engaged in more in-depth scientific discussions. These findings have implications for designing adaptive support that responds to students’ interactions with in-game activities.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the flipped classroom-based SAVI learning model on children's problem-solving skills. This research is a type of meta-analysis research. The eligibility criteria in this study are: a) the research must be published in 2022-2024; b) this research was obtained through the Google Scholar database; Mendeley; ScienceDirect; and Wiley; c) the research must be relevant; d) the research must have complete data to calculate the effect size value; and the sample size > 30 participants. The data in this meta-analysis is analyzed with the help of JASP and Microsoft Excel applications. The results of the analysis of 19 effect sizes concluded that the summary effect size value ( d = 1.077 ; z = 8.172 ; p < 0.001) of the effect size category was strong. These findings show that the application of the effectiveness model of the flipped classroom-based SAVI learning model has a positive influence on children's problem-solving skills