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Numberblocks - How to Count | Back to School | Learn to Count | Learning Blocks

If you are just starting out learning Morse code, and have recently got on the air with CW, there is a new course you may be interested in. Glenn W4YES offers a Morse code course that assists the student using "Instant Character Recognition" techniques.Glenn and one of his former students, Teri KO4WFP talk about their new course and what it has to offer you!CW Innovations Website: https://cwinnovations.netJoin us as we talk about how YOU can learn Morse code with instant character recognition in this episode of the All Portable Discussion Zone \"AP/DZ\". Every aspect of Portable Ops is explored in this biweekly live stream as we discuss news, gear, achievements, the workbench, contests, awards and more - find all Portable Ops related topics here.Join this channel and become a Premium Member for early access, behind-the scenes-content, and exclusive chats https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHriEQX4EK2b0QS7EgSvjmg/joinTwitter:Charlie NJ7V @NJ7V_Dan KC7MSU @KC7MSUBrian W7JET @BBW7JETHelp support this channel - buy us a Coke: https://www.buymeacoffee.com/RedSummitRFRed Summit RF Amazon Storefront: https://www.amazon.com/shop/redsummitrf#APDZ #POTA #PortableOps #HamRadio #SOTA #CW #MorseCode

If you are just starting out learning Morse code, and have recently got on the air with CW, there is a new course you may be interested in. Glenn W4YES offers a Morse code course that assists the student using "Instant Character Recognition" techniques.Glenn and one of his former students, Teri KO4WFP talk about their new course and what it has to offer you!CW Innovations Website: https://cwinnovations.netJoin us as we talk about how YOU can learn Morse code with instant character recognition in this episode of the All Portable Discussion Zone \"AP/DZ\". Every aspect of Portable Ops is explored in this biweekly live stream as we discuss news, gear, achievements, the workbench, contests, awards and more - find all Portable Ops related topics here.Join this channel and become a Premium Member for early access, behind-the scenes-content, and exclusive chats https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHriEQX4EK2b0QS7EgSvjmg/joinTwitter:Charlie NJ7V @NJ7V_Dan KC7MSU @KC7MSUBrian W7JET @BBW7JETHelp support this channel - buy us a Coke: https://www.buymeacoffee.com/RedSummitRFRed Summit RF Amazon Storefront: https://www.amazon.com/shop/redsummitrf#APDZ #POTA #PortableOps #HamRadio #SOTA #CW #MorseCode

If you are just starting out learning Morse code, and have recently got on the air with CW, there is a new course you may be interested in. Glenn W4YES offers a Morse code course that assists the student using "Instant Character Recognition" techniques.Glenn and one of his former students, Teri KO4WFP talk about their new course and what it has to offer you!CW Innovations Website: https://cwinnovations.netJoin us as we talk about how YOU can learn Morse code with instant character recognition in this episode of the All Portable Discussion Zone \"AP/DZ\". Every aspect of Portable Ops is explored in this biweekly live stream as we discuss news, gear, achievements, the workbench, contests, awards and more - find all Portable Ops related topics here.Join this channel and become a Premium Member for early access, behind-the scenes-content, and exclusive chats https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHriEQX4EK2b0QS7EgSvjmg/joinTwitter:Charlie NJ7V @NJ7V_Dan KC7MSU @KC7MSUBrian W7JET @BBW7JETHelp support this channel - buy us a Coke: https://www.buymeacoffee.com/RedSummitRFRed Summit RF Amazon Storefront: https://www.amazon.com/shop/redsummitrf#APDZ #POTA #PortableOps #HamRadio #SOTA #CW #MorseCode

If you are just starting out learning Morse code, and have recently got on the air with CW, there is a new course you may be interested in. Glenn W4YES offers a Morse code course that assists the student using "Instant Character Recognition" techniques.Glenn and one of his former students, Teri KO4WFP talk about their new course and what it has to offer you!CW Innovations Website: https://cwinnovations.netJoin us as we talk about how YOU can learn Morse code with instant character recognition in this episode of the All Portable Discussion Zone \"AP/DZ\". Every aspect of Portable Ops is explored in this biweekly live stream as we discuss news, gear, achievements, the workbench, contests, awards and more - find all Portable Ops related topics here.Join this channel and become a Premium Member for early access, behind-the scenes-content, and exclusive chats https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHriEQX4EK2b0QS7EgSvjmg/joinTwitter:Charlie NJ7V @NJ7V_Dan KC7MSU @KC7MSUBrian W7JET @BBW7JETHelp support this channel - buy us a Coke: https://www.buymeacoffee.com/RedSummitRFRed Summit RF Amazon Storefront: https://www.amazon.com/shop/redsummitrf#APDZ #POTA #PortableOps #HamRadio #SOTA #CW #MorseCode

If you are just starting out learning Morse code, and have recently got on the air with CW, there is a new course you may be interested in. Glenn W4YES offers a Morse code course that assists the student using "Instant Character Recognition" techniques.Glenn and one of his former students, Teri KO4WFP talk about their new course and what it has to offer you!CW Innovations Website: https://cwinnovations.netJoin us as we talk about how YOU can learn Morse code with instant character recognition in this episode of the All Portable Discussion Zone \"AP/DZ\". Every aspect of Portable Ops is explored in this biweekly live stream as we discuss news, gear, achievements, the workbench, contests, awards and more - find all Portable Ops related topics here.Join this channel and become a Premium Member for early access, behind-the scenes-content, and exclusive chats https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHriEQX4EK2b0QS7EgSvjmg/joinTwitter:Charlie NJ7V @NJ7V_Dan KC7MSU @KC7MSUBrian W7JET @BBW7JETHelp support this channel - buy us a Coke: https://www.buymeacoffee.com/RedSummitRFRed Summit RF Amazon Storefront: https://www.amazon.com/shop/redsummitrf#APDZ #POTA #PortableOps #HamRadio #SOTA #CW #MorseCode

If you are just starting out learning Morse code, and have recently got on the air with CW, there is a new course you may be interested in. Glenn W4YES offers a Morse code course that assists the student using "Instant Character Recognition" techniques.Glenn and one of his former students, Teri KO4WFP talk about their new course and what it has to offer you!CW Innovations Website: https://cwinnovations.netJoin us as we talk about how YOU can learn Morse code with instant character recognition in this episode of the All Portable Discussion Zone \"AP/DZ\". Every aspect of Portable Ops is explored in this biweekly live stream as we discuss news, gear, achievements, the workbench, contests, awards and more - find all Portable Ops related topics here.Join this channel and become a Premium Member for early access, behind-the scenes-content, and exclusive chats https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHriEQX4EK2b0QS7EgSvjmg/joinTwitter:Charlie NJ7V @NJ7V_Dan KC7MSU @KC7MSUBrian W7JET @BBW7JETHelp support this channel - buy us a Coke: https://www.buymeacoffee.com/RedSummitRFRed Summit RF Amazon Storefront: https://www.amazon.com/shop/redsummitrf#APDZ #POTA #PortableOps #HamRadio #SOTA #CW #MorseCode

If you are just starting out learning Morse code, and have recently got on the air with CW, there is a new course you may be interested in. Glenn W4YES offers a Morse code course that assists the student using "Instant Character Recognition" techniques.Glenn and one of his former students, Teri KO4WFP talk about their new course and what it has to offer you!CW Innovations Website: https://cwinnovations.netJoin us as we talk about how YOU can learn Morse code with instant character recognition in this episode of the All Portable Discussion Zone \"AP/DZ\". Every aspect of Portable Ops is explored in this biweekly live stream as we discuss news, gear, achievements, the workbench, contests, awards and more - find all Portable Ops related topics here.Join this channel and become a Premium Member for early access, behind-the scenes-content, and exclusive chats https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHriEQX4EK2b0QS7EgSvjmg/joinTwitter:Charlie NJ7V @NJ7V_Dan KC7MSU @KC7MSUBrian W7JET @BBW7JETHelp support this channel - buy us a Coke: https://www.buymeacoffee.com/RedSummitRFRed Summit RF Amazon Storefront: https://www.amazon.com/shop/redsummitrf#APDZ #POTA #PortableOps #HamRadio #SOTA #CW #MorseCode

302 p. ; 21 cm

Unlimited Memory - How to Use Advanced Learning Strategies to Learn Faster, Remember More and be More Productive by Kevin Horsley

Looking to join one of the top MBA programs in the USA ? The Duke Fuqua MBA offers world-class teaching, leadership training, and a powerful alumni network. In this guide, discover admission tips, tuition details, scholarships, and career outcomes. Top MBA rankings worldwide Diverse and collaborative class profile Excellent career placement in consulting, finance, and tech Read the full guide here 👉 https://www.mim-essay.com/duke-fuqua-mba

Looking to join one of the top MBA programs in the USA ? The Duke Fuqua MBA offers world-class teaching, leadership training, and a powerful alumni network. In this guide, discover admission tips, tuition details, scholarships, and career outcomes. Top MBA rankings worldwide Diverse and collaborative class profile Excellent career placement in consulting, finance, and tech Read the full guide here 👉 https://www.mim-essay.com/duke-fuqua-mba

Looking to join one of the top MBA programs in the USA ? The Duke Fuqua MBA offers world-class teaching, leadership training, and a powerful alumni network. In this guide, discover admission tips, tuition details, scholarships, and career outcomes. Top MBA rankings worldwide Diverse and collaborative class profile Excellent career placement in consulting, finance, and tech Read the full guide here 👉 https://www.mim-essay.com/duke-fuqua-mba

Looking to join one of the top MBA programs in the USA ? The Duke Fuqua MBA offers world-class teaching, leadership training, and a powerful alumni network. In this guide, discover admission tips, tuition details, scholarships, and career outcomes. Top MBA rankings worldwide Diverse and collaborative class profile Excellent career placement in consulting, finance, and tech Read the full guide here 👉 https://www.mim-essay.com/duke-fuqua-mba

Looking to join one of the top MBA programs in the USA ? The Duke Fuqua MBA offers world-class teaching, leadership training, and a powerful alumni network. In this guide, discover admission tips, tuition details, scholarships, and career outcomes. Top MBA rankings worldwide Diverse and collaborative class profile Excellent career placement in consulting, finance, and tech Read the full guide here 👉 https://www.mim-essay.com/duke-fuqua-mba

Looking to join one of the top MBA programs in the USA ? The Duke Fuqua MBA offers world-class teaching, leadership training, and a powerful alumni network. In this guide, discover admission tips, tuition details, scholarships, and career outcomes. Top MBA rankings worldwide Diverse and collaborative class profile Excellent career placement in consulting, finance, and tech Read the full guide here 👉 https://www.mim-essay.com/duke-fuqua-mba

302 p. ; 23 cm

302 p. ; 23 cm

Includes bibliographical references

This conference presentation describes how students develop the cognitive processes through which they acquire knowledge from their classroom experiences. The data were taken from five studies of individual students' classroom experience and its relationship to the learning of curriculum content in typical science and social studies units in the upper elementary school. Data on classroom experience were obtained from simultaneous video-recordings, audio-recordings with individual microphones, and continuous observation of selected students. Data on student learning came from tests and interviews conducted before and after each unit and 12 months later. The resulting model of knowledge acquisition, which predicted with 80 percent success exactly which curriculum concepts and propositions each student learned and remembered 12 months later is described. The conditions of knowledge acquisition and the role of working memory in the sorting and organizing of experience are described. The paper then develops a theory of internalization from the work of Piaget, Vygotsky, and others, and examples of the classroom experiences of students are used to describe how students participate simultaneously in the public, semi-private, and private worlds of the classroom. Evidence for the private world is taken from individually recorded self-talk. Five activities/processes that are involved in acquiring knowledge from classroom experience are described both as simultaneously private processes and social activities. The transactional relationship between the enactment of these processes in the public, semi-private, and private worlds of students' experience provides the conditions for their internalization. Contains 59 references. (Author/KB)

This paper discusses how language teachers can teach students how to learn using several approaches to learning strategies. The first section describes current English language teaching in Japan. The second section discusses the theoretical background of learning strategies, looking at cognitive learning models, which emphasize learner's mental processes, and social-cognitive models, which investigate the roles of interaction between individuals and group processes in learning. The third section illustrates the learning strategies in the metacognitive model of strategic learning, focusing on the planning process, monitoring process, problem solving process, evaluating process, and strategies for memorization. The fourth section highlights practical suggestions for classroom application, looking at the selection of learning strategies, instructional framework, learning styles, and choice of instructional language. The fifth section presents a lesson plan for a high school student's first day of school. The paper concludes that once teachers succeed in teaching students to appreciate the effectiveness of strategies, students will be able to use them as powerful tools whenever they need to learn something, and eventually, they will become lifetime learners. (Contains 15 references.) (SM)

THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS STUDY WERE (1) TO IDENTIFY AND COMPARE THREE KINDS OF TRANSFER EFFECTS--AN EFFECT ASSOCIATED WITH CUE REPETITION, A LEARNING-TO-LEARN EFFECT, AND A WARM-UP EFFECT, AND (2) TO EVALUATE THE USEFULNESS OF CUE-RESPONSE CORRELATIONS IN EXPLAINING TRANSFER EFFECTS. THE STUDY WAS BASED ON THE DEFINITION OF TRANSFER EFFECTS AS CHANGES IN ABILITY TO DEAL WITH SITUATIONS NOT ENCOUNTERED DURING TRAINING. SUBJECTS WERE UNDERGRADUATE COLLEGE STUDENTS WHO WERE DIVIDED INTO SIX GROUPS. FOR HALF OF THE SAMPLE, THE TRAINING AND CRITERIA TASKS WERE SIMILAR. FOR THE OTHER HALF, THE TRAINING AND CRITERIA TASKS WERE QUITE DIFFERENT. FOR ONE GROUP FROM EACH HALF OF THE SAMPLE, THE RELEVANT AND IRRELEVANT CUES REMAINED THE SAME FOR ALL TASKS. FOR THE SECOND GROUP FROM EACH HALF, THE RELEVANT AND IRRELEVANT CUES WERE REVERSED ON THE CRITERION TASK. FOR THE REMAINING GROUPS, COMPLETELY NEW CUES WERE INTRODUCED DURING THE CRITERION TASK. A CONTROL GROUP PERFORMED ONLY THE CRITERION TASK. THE ENTIRE EXPERIMENT WAS CARRIED OUT TWICE, ONCE USING LARGE GROUP TESTING PROCEDURES AND ONCE WITH GROUPS OF EITHER SEVEN OR 14 AT A TIME. ERROR SCORES WERE USED AS A MEASURE OF RATE OF LEARNING. THE INVESTIGATOR ATTRIBUTED THE GREATEST TRANSFER EFFECT TO WARM-UP, AND THE NEXT LARGEST TO LEARNING-TO-LEARN EFFECTS. NO SIGNIFICANT EFFECT WAS FOUND FOR CUE REPETITION. SINGLE-TRIAL, CUE-RESPONSE CORRELATIONS (CRITERIALITIES) PROVED USEFUL IN INTERPRETING THE TEST RESULTS. THEY ALSO DEMONSTRATED THE PRESENCE OF CUE-SIMILARITY EFFECTS NOT DETECTABLE IN THE ERROR SCORES. (AL)

Students' individual learning strategies have been identified as important skills in order to succeed in school as well as important for lifelong learning. The Swedish steering documents are permeated by an epistemological and a methodological variation based on the individual student's learning. Learning how to learn has been identified by the EU as one of eight key competences. There is not much research on elementary school students and meta-learning. This study is therefore aimed to examine these students' own perceptions of their learning, and compare how student think that they learn to their learning styles preferences according to the learning styles assessment Learning Styles Inventory (LSI). The theoretical framework is based on previous Swedish research and Dunn's Learning Styles Model. A multi-method design was selected. After the LSI-test the students estimated their preferences. Finally, interviews were conducted with 15 students. When comparing students' learning styles profiles to their estimation of how they thought they learn, there was a clear discrepancy. The students estimated more preferences than was evident in the analysis. This applies above all to the perceptual strengths, and time of day. The smallest difference, however, was found in the environmental elements. The interviews showed that students have difficulties explaining how they learn. What the students pointed out, however, was their need to work in peace, learning by reading and working on the computer, and also varied learning environments. Their response on learning showed that they were building their insights on the school context and experience from there.

Students' individual learning strategies have been identified as important skills in order to succeed in school as well as important for lifelong learning. The Swedish steering documents are permeated by an epistemological and a methodological variation based on the individual student's learning. Learning how to learn has been identified by the EU as one of eight key competences. There is not much research on elementary school students and meta-learning. This study is therefore aimed to examine these students' own perceptions of their learning, and compare how student think that they learn to their learning styles preferences according to the learning styles assessment Learning Styles Inventory (LSI). The theoretical framework is based on previous Swedish research and Dunn's Learning Styles Model. A multi-method design was selected. After the LSI-test the students estimated their preferences. Finally, interviews were conducted with 15 students. When comparing students' learning styles profiles to their estimation of how they thought they learn, there was a clear discrepancy. The students estimated more preferences than was evident in the analysis. This applies above all to the perceptual strengths, and time of day. The smallest difference, however, was found in the environmental elements. The interviews showed that students have difficulties explaining how they learn. What the students pointed out, however, was their need to work in peace, learning by reading and working on the computer, and also varied learning environments. Their response on learning showed that they were building their insights on the school context and experience from there.

Students' individual learning strategies have been identified as important skills in order to succeed in school as well as important for lifelong learning. The Swedish steering documents are permeated by an epistemological and a methodological variation based on the individual student's learning. Learning how to learn has been identified by the EU as one of eight key competences. There is not much research on elementary school students and meta-learning. This study is therefore aimed to examine these students' own perceptions of their learning, and compare how student think that they learn to their learning styles preferences according to the learning styles assessment Learning Styles Inventory (LSI). The theoretical framework is based on previous Swedish research and Dunn's Learning Styles Model. A multi-method design was selected. After the LSI-test the students estimated their preferences. Finally, interviews were conducted with 15 students. When comparing students' learning styles profiles to their estimation of how they thought they learn, there was a clear discrepancy. The students estimated more preferences than was evident in the analysis. This applies above all to the perceptual strengths, and time of day. The smallest difference, however, was found in the environmental elements. The interviews showed that students have difficulties explaining how they learn. What the students pointed out, however, was their need to work in peace, learning by reading and working on the computer, and also varied learning environments. Their response on learning showed that they were building their insights on the school context and experience from there.

Students' individual learning strategies have been identified as important skills in order to succeed in school as well as important for lifelong learning. The Swedish steering documents are permeated by an epistemological and a methodological variation based on the individual student's learning. Learning how to learn has been identified by the EU as one of eight key competences. There is not much research on elementary school students and meta-learning. This study is therefore aimed to examine these students' own perceptions of their learning, and compare how student think that they learn to their learning styles preferences according to the learning styles assessment Learning Styles Inventory (LSI). The theoretical framework is based on previous Swedish research and Dunn's Learning Styles Model. A multi-method design was selected. After the LSI-test the students estimated their preferences. Finally, interviews were conducted with 15 students. When comparing students' learning styles profiles to their estimation of how they thought they learn, there was a clear discrepancy. The students estimated more preferences than was evident in the analysis. This applies above all to the perceptual strengths, and time of day. The smallest difference, however, was found in the environmental elements. The interviews showed that students have difficulties explaining how they learn. What the students pointed out, however, was their need to work in peace, learning by reading and working on the computer, and also varied learning environments. Their response on learning showed that they were building their insights on the school context and experience from there.

Presented at the IL-CTO TechCon 2008 Conference. Presentation slides can be viewed at http://www.slideshare.net/cchausis/web2techcon08-presentation

Presented at the IL-CTO TechCon 2008 Conference. Presentation slides can be viewed at http://www.slideshare.net/cchausis/web2techcon08-presentation

Presented at the IL-CTO TechCon 2008 Conference. Presentation slides can be viewed at http://www.slideshare.net/cchausis/web2techcon08-presentation

Presented at the IL-CTO TechCon 2008 Conference. Presentation slides can be viewed at http://www.slideshare.net/cchausis/web2techcon08-presentation

Presented at the IL-CTO TechCon 2008 Conference. Presentation slides can be viewed at http://www.slideshare.net/cchausis/web2techcon08-presentation

Otago Polytechnic Learning Centre offers free learning support services to enrolled students

Barbara Oakley is a professor of engineering at Oakland University in Rochester, Michigan. She has received many awards for her teaching, including the coveted National Science Foundation New Century Scholar Award.

Includes bibliographical references (p. 269-270) and index

How Do You Think? How Do To Learn? Learning Theories and the Learner dumped with WikiTeam tools.

How Do You Think? How Do To Learn? Learning Theories and the Learner dumped with WikiTeam tools.

how to learn

Luke's ENGLISH Podcast - Learn British English with Luke Thompson

Based on a hypothetical situation in which second language learners must attain substantial skills in a very short time, the paper recommends intensive training not in the language itself, but in skills and strategies for learning the language. This requires achieving self-directed learning skills to: create a climate maximizing learning; identify one's own learning needs; draw realistic learning objectives from the learning needs; plan learning activities that effectively uses learning resources; locate relevant resources; carry out the learning plan; and self-monitor the learning process using appropriate measures and criteria. Each of these elements/steps in the self-directed learning process is detailed and illustrated with the case of a young woman deciding to learn Japanese on her own, for business purposes. Then the self-directed learning concept is applied to the college language curriculum, with discussion of the adjustments that must be made to accommodate the varied student population, introductory course content, and time restrictions of college instruction. Barriers to achieving self-directed learning in college language instruction are examined briefly, including logistical restrictions and learner and teacher characteristics and attitudes. A number of techniques to promote autonomous language learning are described. Contains 47 references. (MSE)

This handbook was prepared for use in any classroom to aid the student in understanding how to become a better learner and how to learn meaningfully. This program is based on Ausubel's cognitive learning theory which places emphasis on the differences between meaningful learning and rote learning. To acquire knowledge meaningfully means that the learner must incorporate new knowledge into concepts the learner already has. The program is designed to extend, modify and elaborate these concepts, partly through providing instruction in new relationships among concepts that the student already has, and partly by providing new relevant concepts about learning. Included are: (1) the learning process, (2) the nature of knowledge, and (3) how to extract meaning from materials studied. Also included are instructions on how to make concept maps and the use of Gowins Knowledge "V". (Author/DS)

Research on the learning disabilities of adolescents and young adults and the findings on metacognitive development and its impact on academic learning provide a framework for the design and development of a secondary school curriculum foundation program for college bound learning disabled students. The major practical implications of the research on learning disabled secondary and postsecondary students are that many of these students frequently exhibit skill deficits in reading, related study strategies such as comprehension monitoring, notetaking, summarizing, outlining, and scanning, and that these students can be supported in a regular academic curriculum by teaching specific learning strategies that will help them meet the academic demands of secondary and postsecondary classrooms. The major practical implication of the research on metacognitive development is that students must be taught the factors involved in learning from text and how those factors interact to influence learner outcomes. General comprehension and specific study strategies as well as instruction related to learner characteristics should be components in instruction designed for learning disabled students. A 42-item reference list is appended. (Author/CB)

This booklet describes the ideas underpinning a learning to learn course, a course that teaches students what they need to learn to read and write in tertiary academic settings in Australia. An introduction explains how this approach to academic discourse draws on other approaches and also differs from them. Section 1 describes some forces shaping the new culture (academic discourse) that students are entering. Section 2 sketches a history of academic life to identify some key (competing) elements that make up academic discourse. It suggests that all these historical traces remain present in academic discourse and need to be taken into account in constructing a course intended to bridge students into academic discourse. Section 3 describes contemporary debates about academic discourse and, linked to this, how to introduce students to academic discourse. Section 4 shows how different approaches to the teaching of reading are associated with different educational goals. It describes how educators draw on these different approaches to the teaching of academic reading in the course and provide reasons for the way educators sequence reading activities in the course. Section 5 describes some writing activities students are introduced to in the course and positions the course's approach vis-a-vis other contemporary approaches to the teaching of writing. Section 6 provides a nine point summary of key ideas of the approach. (Contains a 64-item bibliography.) (YLB)

This booklet describes the ideas underpinning a learning to learn course, a course that teaches students what they need to learn to read and write in tertiary academic settings in Australia. An introduction explains how this approach to academic discourse draws on other approaches and also differs from them. Section 1 describes some forces shaping the new culture (academic discourse) that students are entering. Section 2 sketches a history of academic life to identify some key (competing) elements that make up academic discourse. It suggests that all these historical traces remain present in academic discourse and need to be taken into account in constructing a course intended to bridge students into academic discourse. Section 3 describes contemporary debates about academic discourse and, linked to this, how to introduce students to academic discourse. Section 4 shows how different approaches to the teaching of reading are associated with different educational goals. It describes how educators draw on these different approaches to the teaching of academic reading in the course and provide reasons for the way educators sequence reading activities in the course. Section 5 describes some writing activities students are introduced to in the course and positions the course's approach vis-a-vis other contemporary approaches to the teaching of writing. Section 6 provides a nine point summary of key ideas of the approach. (Contains a 64-item bibliography.) (YLB)

This booklet describes the ideas underpinning a learning to learn course, a course that teaches students what they need to learn to read and write in tertiary academic settings in Australia. An introduction explains how this approach to academic discourse draws on other approaches and also differs from them. Section 1 describes some forces shaping the new culture (academic discourse) that students are entering. Section 2 sketches a history of academic life to identify some key (competing) elements that make up academic discourse. It suggests that all these historical traces remain present in academic discourse and need to be taken into account in constructing a course intended to bridge students into academic discourse. Section 3 describes contemporary debates about academic discourse and, linked to this, how to introduce students to academic discourse. Section 4 shows how different approaches to the teaching of reading are associated with different educational goals. It describes how educators draw on these different approaches to the teaching of academic reading in the course and provide reasons for the way educators sequence reading activities in the course. Section 5 describes some writing activities students are introduced to in the course and positions the course's approach vis-a-vis other contemporary approaches to the teaching of writing. Section 6 provides a nine point summary of key ideas of the approach. (Contains a 64-item bibliography.) (YLB)

This booklet describes the ideas underpinning a learning to learn course, a course that teaches students what they need to learn to read and write in tertiary academic settings in Australia. An introduction explains how this approach to academic discourse draws on other approaches and also differs from them. Section 1 describes some forces shaping the new culture (academic discourse) that students are entering. Section 2 sketches a history of academic life to identify some key (competing) elements that make up academic discourse. It suggests that all these historical traces remain present in academic discourse and need to be taken into account in constructing a course intended to bridge students into academic discourse. Section 3 describes contemporary debates about academic discourse and, linked to this, how to introduce students to academic discourse. Section 4 shows how different approaches to the teaching of reading are associated with different educational goals. It describes how educators draw on these different approaches to the teaching of academic reading in the course and provide reasons for the way educators sequence reading activities in the course. Section 5 describes some writing activities students are introduced to in the course and positions the course's approach vis-a-vis other contemporary approaches to the teaching of writing. Section 6 provides a nine point summary of key ideas of the approach. (Contains a 64-item bibliography.) (YLB)

Many learning disabled secondary school students have difficulties with text organization in both subject area reading and expository writing. Problems may include difficulty in following the main ideas in text, recognizing the main text topics and their interrelationships, or recognizing the subordinate and superordinate ideas and examples. Often, recall ability is poor and writing skills are inadequate. Several concepts derived from current theories and research in text processing can provide a guide for the improvement of instruction in both reading and writing for learning disabled secondary school students. The microstructure model of text comprehension allows students to transform sentences into their underlying microstructure propositions which express the surface structure information of the passage. Research on the skills involved in summarizing a text has shown that an important aspect of text processing involves the ability to identify main topics of the text and their interrelatedness. Another line of research has emphasized the central role of topic structure processing in reading and writing. Text structure or organization has been found to have a major role in the recognition and recall of main ideas in text. Research has also indicated that the recognition and use of objective textual cues to the relevant information in a text contributes to the identification of the important ideas and their interrelatedness. Instructional programs based on these concepts have the potential for improving both the comprehension and recall of expository material and the quality of expository writing for learning disabled secondary students, thus enhancing their opportunities for success in academic settings. A list of 31 references is appended. (CB)

STEM instruction often uses visual representations. To benefit from these, students need to understand how representations show domain-relevant concepts. Yet, this is difficult for students. Prior research shows that physical representations (objects that students manipulate by hand) and virtual representations (objects on a computer screen that students manipulate via mouse and keyboard) have complementary advantages for conceptual learning. However, physical and virtual representations are often embedded into different social classroom contexts, which may affect social mechanisms through which students construct connections between concepts and representations. Therefore, this paper focuses on the social events that precede concept-representation connections. Twelve high-school students worked collaboratively with physical and virtual representations of chemistry. Frequent pattern mining of discourse data was used to identify social events that often preceded concept-representation connections. Qualitative analysis investigated social mechanisms through which these events may enhance concept-representation connections. Results show that students construct concept-representation connections incrementally. Further, meta-cognitive strategies and instructor prompts often preceded concept-representation connections. Finally, differences between physical and virtual representations were mainly due to different social supports being available in the context in which the representations were embedded. I discuss contributions to literature on learning with multiple representations and to interventions that blend representation modes.