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Chatter mode is used advantageously if the ideal model dynamics is described by a switching function, the chatter mode is reached quickly and then sustained, the chatter frequency is reduced, and any zero in the plant transfer function is cancelled.

A study explored the influence of two variables, 1) experience in viewing one's own classroom behavior through video tape and 2) training in the analysis of teaching behavior, on the self evaluation of student teachers. Subjects were 66 student teachers assigned to three groups: group 1 receiving 48 hours of training in analysis of teaching behavior and viewing video tape recordings of their teaching three times during the student teaching experience, group 2 receiving no special training and viewing their teaching three times, and group 3 receiving no special training and viewing their teaching behavior only once, at the end of the student teaching experience. After each video taping the student teacher viewed the recording and answered four open-ended self evaluation questions. Answers were coded using an 18-category Data Coding System which classifies all statements under five broad categories: 1) Physical Aspects of the Environment, 2) Personal Characteristics of the Teacher, 3) Teaching Behavior, 4) Pupil Behavior, 5) Content of the Lesson. Critical ratio technique and t tests were used to identify significant differences between groups and item choices. Results showed group 1 self evaluation focusing more on the teaching act as opposed to group 2 and 3 focus on themselves as persons. Both groups 1 and 2 shifted focus increasingly, with experience in video tape self analysis, toward more concern with the teaching act. (The Data Coding System is included.) (JS)

A study explored the influence of two variables, 1) experience in viewing one's own classroom behavior through video tape and 2) training in the analysis of teaching behavior, on the self evaluation of student teachers. Subjects were 66 student teachers assigned to three groups: group 1 receiving 48 hours of training in analysis of teaching behavior and viewing video tape recordings of their teaching three times during the student teaching experience, group 2 receiving no special training and viewing their teaching three times, and group 3 receiving no special training and viewing their teaching behavior only once, at the end of the student teaching experience. After each video taping the student teacher viewed the recording and answered four open-ended self evaluation questions. Answers were coded using an 18-category Data Coding System which classifies all statements under five broad categories: 1) Physical Aspects of the Environment, 2) Personal Characteristics of the Teacher, 3) Teaching Behavior, 4) Pupil Behavior, 5) Content of the Lesson. Critical ratio technique and t tests were used to identify significant differences between groups and item choices. Results showed group 1 self evaluation focusing more on the teaching act as opposed to group 2 and 3 focus on themselves as persons. Both groups 1 and 2 shifted focus increasingly, with experience in video tape self analysis, toward more concern with the teaching act. (The Data Coding System is included.) (JS)

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The stated null hypothesis of this study is that "there will be no significant difference in criterion instrument scores which measure the numbers of types of questions (basic, leading, probing) which teachers ask their students among the following groups of inservice elementary teachers who purposefully self-evaluate their teaching by (1) self videotapes, (2) self audiotapes, (3) a combination of self videotapes and model videotapes, and (4) reflective evaluation only (i.e., without mechanical or electronic equipment)." Based on a modified version of the pre-post-test control group design, the experiment involved 78 experienced elementary school teachers randomly assigned to one of the four evaluation-treatment groups and one of the two time-treatment groups (either a single, concentrated evaluative procedure or one extended over a 3-week period of time). Included in the design of the study was systematic instruction in questioning skills techniques and in the use of the portable videotape recorder and the self-evaluation instrument. Findings of the study (based on statistical analysis of data provided by 188 videotapes rated by three trained raters and suggesting a variety of areas in need of further research) are presented and analyzed in terms of differences in questioning behavior which resulted from the various treatment combinations. Appended to the extensive report are such materials as a 96-item bibliography, evaluative and criterion instruments, and self-evaluation forms. (JES)

First-6th ed. published under title: Cortina's German in 20 lessons

The research examined the dimensional characteristics of several self-report techniques of potential value in a diagnostic questionnaire to be used in organizational effectiveness (OE) research and intervention. A survey questionnaire administered to 320 enlisted personnel stationed in West Germany contained items from the OE-derived Work Environment Questionnaire (WEQ) and a variety of criterion measures of satisfaction and motivation. Analysis of the responses showed that the organizational variables fell into nine broad categories, of which two--quality of life and supervision--were significantly related to measures of satisfaction and motivation. The supervision factor primarily applied to job-related factors such as effort, while the quality of life factor concerned non-job-related factors such as intention to reenlist.

xii, 224 p. 18 cm

Autarchia: or the art of self-government, in a moral essay. In three parts. First written to a gentleman in the university, and since fitted for publick use. 1713.. Digitized from IA40310315-64 . Previous issue: bim_eighteenth-century_meditations-and-prayers-_northumberland-elizabet_1712 . Next issue: bim_eighteenth-century_the-ax-laid-to-the-root-_layman_1742 .

Autarchia: or the art of self-government, in a moral essay. In three parts. First written to a gentleman in the university, and since fitted for publick use. 1713.. Digitized from IA40310315-64 . Previous issue: bim_eighteenth-century_meditations-and-prayers-_northumberland-elizabet_1712 . Next issue: bim_eighteenth-century_the-ax-laid-to-the-root-_layman_1742 .

The present study was designed to determine if students would improve their test performance in order to earn the right to self-evaluate their daily tasks, and then, whether they would maintain high test performance in order to keep this privilege. A second purpose was to demonstrate a practical way in which teachers could effectively reduce the amount of time they spent evaluating students' daily tasks, without adversely affecting student test performance. Subjects were students in two third-grade classrooms in an inner-city school. Classrooms made use of the Individually Prescribed Instruction Math Program designed by the Learning Research and Development Center, wherein students, to master a skill, must complete workbook pages and pass a test which measures skill performance. The variable manipulated was the opportunity to self-evaluate workbook performance. Self-evaluation was defined as a set of behaviors which led to a decision by a child to take a test. Children were told that if they passed the first test in their present skill they would be permitted to evaluate all workbook pages for their next skill. A child who attempted a second test and failed lost his self-evaluation privilege but could re-earn it by passing the first test in the next skill. Results of the study indicate that the introduction of the contingent self-evaluation procedure produced improved academic performance for the majority of children in the two classrooms. More importantly, it was demonstrated that children could perform at a high level while sharing responsibility for managing their own behavior. (Author/CKJ)

The aim of this study was to examine visual arts teachers’ opinions on determination and evaluation of self-efficacy beliefs concerning using to alternative assessment tools. In this study ‘the survey research model’ from descriptive research was used in which the aim was to determine the opinions of visual arts teachers about the alternative assessment evaluation. A descriptive survey model was used as the quantitative research method. Data was obtained through a Likert scale that is also named as ‘Progression File, Performance Assessment and using the Grading Key Sufficiency Scale by the Visual Arts Teachers’. The study is conducted with 123 visual art teachers in the Turkey in the 2018-2019 academic years. Progression File, Performance Assessment and using the Grading Key Sufficiency Scale was applied to Visual Arts Teachers. It was determined that most of the teachers found themselves adequate about the evaluation process.

Scoping Review Paper

Psychologists have used self-determination theory to explore and interpret research on many levels over the last three decades, (Deci & Ryan, 1985) however little research has been done to determine how the digital transformation has been fundamentally changing people’s ability to make choices and manage their lives. While it has allowed for increased amounts of citizen agency, it has also enabled the collection and analysis of extensive amounts of personal data (Deci & Ryan, 1985). This requires us to re-define and describe the change of the self in the context of digital world. Therefore, this research project focuses on the newly formed notion of digital self-determination theory, based on existing self-determination theories and explores the implications of social media use and the determination of the self. According to SDT researchers Deci & Ryan (1985), the motivational orientations are as follows: The Autonomy Orientation assesses the extent to which a person is oriented toward aspects of the environment that stimulate intrinsic motivation, are optimally challenging, and provide informational feedback. The Controlled Orientation assesses the extent to which a person is oriented toward being controlled by rewards, deadlines, structures, ego-involvements, and other people’s directives. The Impersonal Orientation assesses the extent to which a person believes that attaining desired outcomes is beyond his or her control and that achievement is largely a matter of luck or fate.

A Course In Mechanical Drawing, For School Use And For Self-Instruction: A Practical Treatise On The Art Of Making Working Drawings, Lettering And Dimensioning

This is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach, carried out through a literature review. The aim of the study was to address the use of educational technologies in self-care guidance for ostomy patients. As a method, twelve scientific articles were used, published between 2016 and 2021 on scientific websites and platforms. The results showed that an educational technology aimed at guiding people with an ostomy is important due to the changes that occur after the ostomy and that the use of technologies during educational actions is seen as a tool that complements the process of knowledge construction for care and o taking care of oneself, qualifying interventions in health practice with people with stoma and their families. Health professionals play the role of educators and must participate in the process of elaboration, development and evaluation of the need to implement educational technologies with ostomy patients and their families.

This is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach, carried out through a literature review. The aim of the study was to address the use of educational technologies in self-care guidance for ostomy patients. As a method, twelve scientific articles were used, published between 2016 and 2021 on scientific websites and platforms. The results showed that an educational technology aimed at guiding people with an ostomy is important due to the changes that occur after the ostomy and that the use of technologies during educational actions is seen as a tool that complements the process of knowledge construction for care and o taking care of oneself, qualifying interventions in health practice with people with stoma and their families. Health professionals play the role of educators and must participate in the process of elaboration, development and evaluation of the need to implement educational technologies with ostomy patients and their families.

Don Yoder Collection of American Hymnody

72 p. : 19 cm

The pilot study focused on the effective design of adaptive biofeedback equipment for use in the control of self-mutilating behaviors in individuals with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, typically characterized by apasticity, mental retardation, and violent biting of the lips and fingers. Utilizing an electromyographic (EMG) monitor and a custom-designed relay connected to either a computer game or a tape player, a 15-year-old male learned to control sudden high levels of arousal-related muscular tension which were the antecedents of self-abuse. A subsequent study of the experimental treatment protocol (rather than the viability of the instrumentation) is proposed. (Author/JW)

Two studies were done in which the subjects applied punishment contingencies to themselves for smoking cigarettes. After Baseline in Experiment I, the subject set a limit of 15 cigarettes for himself. If he exceeded the level, he was to tear a dollar bill into pieces for every additional cigarette he smoked. Every five days the criterion was decreased by one cigarette. After 50 days the subject ceased smoking entirely and had not started to smoke again two years after the study was completed. In Experiment II a teacher decreased her smoking rate by contributing 25 cents to charity for each cigarette she smoked and made further gains when she added the condition of not purchasing cigarettes. When Baseline conditions were reinstated, the smoking rate increased, but again diminished when she used a procedure of not buying cigarettes. One year after the study ended she was smoking only in stressful situations. (Author)

ix, [1], 121 p. : 21 cm

"The Objects, Construction, and Use of Certain New Instruments for Self-Registration of Earthquake Shocks" is an article from Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy (1836-1869), Volume 3 . View more articles from Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy (1836-1869) . View this article on JSTOR . View this article's JSTOR metadata . You may also retrieve all of this items metadata in JSON at the following URL: https://archive.org/metadata/jstor-20489585

Self potential (SP) measurements were effectively used in the detection of surface and subsurface drainage around a sinkhole. The same SP technique was also able to track an apparent subsurface flow path for over 600 ft from one sinkhole into another sinkhole. Confirmation of the SP data was obtained by visual observation, electrical resistivity measurements and geological studies. The use of this geophysical technique was evaluated in and around sinkholes in a karst area of west central Virginia. The SF electrode configuration consisted of a double ring of electrodes circumferentially located around each sinkhole. Two reference electrodes were used in taking SP measurements. One reference electrode was located outside the rings of electrodes, and the other was located in the center of one of the sinkholes. Once a major drainage path around the sinkhole was detected, an array of electrodes was used to track the flow path. Although SP data varied significantly for individual electrodes during the 6-month testing period, the relative values between electrodes were consistent. This finding was also true if the position of the reference electrode was changed. It appeared that changes in precipitation and temperature had a great affect on the variation of SP data over the testing period.

Diabetes mellitus type 2 patients who have a tendency to use herbs, are based on the patient's health belief that herbal medicine is a natural ingredient that has efficacy and is safe. This study aimed to explore health beliefs as predictors of herbal use as a complement to diabetes self-care. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 230 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who had been clinically diagnosed, received medical treatment and used herbs. The data was collected using a questionnaire at seven community health centers (Puskesmas) in Surabaya City. Data analysis using Partial Least Square. The indicator of health belief variables has a loading factor value>0.5: perceived vulnerability and severity (0.820), perceived benefits (0.739), perceived barriers (0.822), sense of self-efficacy (0.695). Health beliefs have a significant effect on the use of herbs as a complement to diabetes self-care, the value of T>1.97 (T>10.07). Health beliefs consisting of perceived vulnerability and severity, perceived benefits, perceived inhibition, and perceived self-efficacy were strong predictors associated with the use of herbs as a complement to diabetes self-care. Nurses as part of health workers must pay attention to patient health beliefs in providing education to patients. 

The objective of this self-study is to expand the emerging scholarship on meaningful integration and scaffolding of SNSs and the new literacies requisite for their effective use in higher education environments. As a teacher educator, the first author describes the successes and challenges she experienced introducing Twitter into her college classroom. By outlining students' diverse reactions and the range of discoveries they made in learning to use Twitter for professional purposes, this study highlights the potential benefits and complexities associated with successful integration of social networking and new literacies in higher education environments. (Contains 1 note.)

The aim of this research is to investigate and evaluate elementary student teachers' perceived information literacy self-efficacy in terms of the use of information and communication technologies (ICT). The relational survey method which determines the relationships between two or more variables was used in the research. The data gathered from 1801 student teachers who are attending at the fourth class of Departments of Computer and Instructional Technologies, Science, English, Elementary Mathematics, Grade, Social Studies, and Turkish Education in the Faculty of Education in Ataturk, Ondokuz Mayis, Marmara, Gazi and Dokuz Eylul universities with using the ICT survey and perceived information literacy self-efficacy scale (ILSES). The use of the ICT survey consists of questions related to student teachers' demographic information and ICT usage. The ILSES consists of question about perceived competencies on searching, using and producing the information. Frequency, arithmetic mean and one way ANOVA were used to analyze the data. For the significant results in p less than 0.01 level, Scheffe test was used to find out which groups have caused the difference. The findings of the research revealed that most of the elementary student teachers use ICT frequently, at least at intermediate level and access ICT from multiple locations. Furthermore, elementary student teachers' computer experience; skills and frequency of computer and internet use, access opportunities to computer and internet has significant effect on their perceived information literacy self-efficacy.

The main purpose of this study is to determine the gifted students' self-efficacy of educational technology for technology and design. It is also aimed to find out whether there is a statistically significant difference in terms of the gender, the special talent area, the type of school, the grade level, the education level and income rate of families, and the preference of using information and communication technologies. In this study quantitative method was preferred and descriptive screening model was used since it was aimed to determine the students' self-efficacy. The research was conducted with 1.376 pupils who were students in twelve Science and Art Centers in different regions of Turkey. As a data collection tool, "The Self-Efficacy of Educational Technologies for Technology and Design Scale" developed by Author (2019) was used. The scale was prepared in 5-point Likert type and consisted of 4 sub-factors with 20 items. It was found that the four-factor structure explained 52.45% of the total variance for the concept to be measured. Cronbach's Alpha internal consistency coefficient value of the scale was a =0.89. According to the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) results, the items of the scale were grouped under the title of sub-factors as "Technology and Design", "Problem Solving", "Appropriate Tool Selection and the Use of Technology". The scale was found to be highly compatible in terms of current compliance values. According to the results of the research, it was found that the gifted students' self-efficacy of educational technology for technology and design was at "Good" (x-bar=3.86 / x-bar=77.26). In addition, while there was no significant difference in terms of the gifted students' self-efficacy of educational technologies for technology and design according to the gender variable, statistically significant difference was found according to the special talent area, the type of school, the grade level, the education level and income rate of their families, and the preference of using information and communication technologies. According to the results of the research, it is observed that gifted students were at "Good" level in terms of the results of the sub factors "the Use of Technology", "the Problem Solving Skills and the Appropriate Tool Selection and the Technology and Design". By the way it can be said that the individualized education program and individual talent recognition program that special talented individuals follow in Science and Art Centers generally meet the efficiency gains.

The main purpose of this study is to determine the gifted students' self-efficacy of educational technology for technology and design. It is also aimed to find out whether there is a statistically significant difference in terms of the gender, the special talent area, the type of school, the grade level, the education level and income rate of families, and the preference of using information and communication technologies. In this study quantitative method was preferred and descriptive screening model was used since it was aimed to determine the students' self-efficacy. The research was conducted with 1.376 pupils who were students in twelve Science and Art Centers in different regions of Turkey. As a data collection tool, "The Self-Efficacy of Educational Technologies for Technology and Design Scale" developed by Author (2019) was used. The scale was prepared in 5-point Likert type and consisted of 4 sub-factors with 20 items. It was found that the four-factor structure explained 52.45% of the total variance for the concept to be measured. Cronbach's Alpha internal consistency coefficient value of the scale was a =0.89. According to the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) results, the items of the scale were grouped under the title of sub-factors as "Technology and Design", "Problem Solving", "Appropriate Tool Selection and the Use of Technology". The scale was found to be highly compatible in terms of current compliance values. According to the results of the research, it was found that the gifted students' self-efficacy of educational technology for technology and design was at "Good" (x-bar=3.86 / x-bar=77.26). In addition, while there was no significant difference in terms of the gifted students' self-efficacy of educational technologies for technology and design according to the gender variable, statistically significant difference was found according to the special talent area, the type of school, the grade level, the education level and income rate of their families, and the preference of using information and communication technologies. According to the results of the research, it is observed that gifted students were at "Good" level in terms of the results of the sub factors "the Use of Technology", "the Problem Solving Skills and the Appropriate Tool Selection and the Technology and Design". By the way it can be said that the individualized education program and individual talent recognition program that special talented individuals follow in Science and Art Centers generally meet the efficiency gains.

Guest: Col. Chris Hadfield - Canadian Astronaut, Speaker, Author.

The advantages and disadvantages of elemental silver as a tribological material are discussed. It is demonstrated that the relatively high melting point of 961 deg C, softness, marked plasticity, and thermochemical stability of silver combine to make this metal useful in thin film solid lubricant coatings over a wide temperature range. Disadvantages of silver during sliding, except when used as a thin film, are shown to be gross ploughing due to plastic deformation under load with associated high friction and excessive transfer to counterface surfaces. This transfer generates an irregular surface topography with consequent undesirable changes in bearing clearance distribution. Research to overcome these disadvantages of element silver is described. A comparison is made of the tribological behavior of pure silver with that of silver formulated with other metals and high-temperature solid lubricants. The composite materials are prepared by co-depositing the powdered components with an airbrush followed by furnace heat treatment or by plasma-spraying. Composite coatings were formulated which are shown to be self-lubricating over repeated, temperature cycles from low temperature to about 900 deg C.

These are the appendixes for the report, "The Association between Teachers' Use of Formative Assessment Practices and Students' Use of Self-Regulated Learning Strategies." Two appendixes are included in this document. Appendix A are the methods of the study. This includes the reliability of the teacher and student surveys and the frequency calculations and proportional weighting. Instructional leaders in the three districts (Chandler Unified School District, Flagstaff Unified School District, and Sunnyside Unified School District) derived the study's survey items from existing survey instruments in summer 2018. The items examining teachers' core formative assessment practices were drawn from the relevant subscales on the Formative Assessment Rubrics, Reflection and Observation Protocol (Wylie & Lyon, 2016). The items for students were drawn from the self-regulated learning subscales on the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (Pintrich & DeGroot, 1990) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA; Artelt et al., 2003). The initial analyses for the study tabulated how often (from 1-Never to 5-Always) the responding teachers and students reported using these different formative assessment practices and self-regulated learning strategies in the classroom in an average or normal week. Next, the study team calculated a frequency index for each teacher and student that represented the sum of each respondent's 1-5 ratings across all questions and then further explored (through correlations) the association between these frequencies among surveyed teachers and their surveyed students. Appendix B is the supporting analyses for the study. The rank-order correlations provide insight into how the frequency of each formative assessment practice is associated with the frequency of each self-regulated learning strategy. [For the full report, see ED609117; for the study snapshot, see ED609121.]

These are the appendixes for the report, "The Association between Teachers' Use of Formative Assessment Practices and Students' Use of Self-Regulated Learning Strategies." Two appendixes are included in this document. Appendix A are the methods of the study. This includes the reliability of the teacher and student surveys and the frequency calculations and proportional weighting. Instructional leaders in the three districts (Chandler Unified School District, Flagstaff Unified School District, and Sunnyside Unified School District) derived the study's survey items from existing survey instruments in summer 2018. The items examining teachers' core formative assessment practices were drawn from the relevant subscales on the Formative Assessment Rubrics, Reflection and Observation Protocol (Wylie & Lyon, 2016). The items for students were drawn from the self-regulated learning subscales on the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (Pintrich & DeGroot, 1990) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA; Artelt et al., 2003). The initial analyses for the study tabulated how often (from 1-Never to 5-Always) the responding teachers and students reported using these different formative assessment practices and self-regulated learning strategies in the classroom in an average or normal week. Next, the study team calculated a frequency index for each teacher and student that represented the sum of each respondent's 1-5 ratings across all questions and then further explored (through correlations) the association between these frequencies among surveyed teachers and their surveyed students. Appendix B is the supporting analyses for the study. The rank-order correlations provide insight into how the frequency of each formative assessment practice is associated with the frequency of each self-regulated learning strategy. [For the full report, see ED609117; for the study snapshot, see ED609121.]

The research examined the dimensional characteristics of several self-report techniques of potential value in a diagnostic questionnaire to be used in organizational effectiveness (OE) research and intervention. A survey questionnaire administered to 320 enlisted personnel stationed in West Germany contained items from the OE-derived Work Environment Questionnaire (WEQ) and a variety of criterion measures of satisfaction and motivation. Analysis of the responses showed that the organizational variables fell into nine broad categories, of which two--quality of life and supervision--were significantly related to measures of satisfaction and motivation. The supervision factor primarily applied to job-related factors such as effort, while the quality of life factor concerned non-job-related factors such as intention to reenlist.

The research examined the dimensional characteristics of several self-report techniques of potential value in a diagnostic questionnaire to be used in organizational effectiveness (OE) research and intervention. A survey questionnaire administered to 320 enlisted personnel stationed in West Germany contained items from the OE-derived Work Environment Questionnaire (WEQ) and a variety of criterion measures of satisfaction and motivation. Analysis of the responses showed that the organizational variables fell into nine broad categories, of which two--quality of life and supervision--were significantly related to measures of satisfaction and motivation. The supervision factor primarily applied to job-related factors such as effort, while the quality of life factor concerned non-job-related factors such as intention to reenlist.

To make training cost-effective for its small systems customers, Digital Equipment Corporation provides self-paced training packages for several years that can be used by its customers on-site. To control the quality of this training, Digital is now incorporating computer managed instruction (CMI) into some of these packages. This CMI component uses a sequential probability test algorithm that allows tests to vary in length depending upon the learner's skill level. This algorithm assures that the tests' results are statistically reliable while keeping their length as short as possible. (Author)

454 p. 19 cm

This article is from Journal of Medical Internet Research , volume 15 . Abstract Background: In the United Kingdom, rates of deliberate self-harm (DSH) are rising. Alongside this, there has been an increase in the number of websites available with DSH content, and the Internet is known as a valuable resource for those who feel isolated by their condition(s). However, there is little and contradictory evidence available on the effects of using such websites. Further research is therefore required to examine the use and effects of DSH websites. Objective: Our objectives were to explore (1) the reasons people engage in the use of self-harm forums/websites, (2) the beliefs of users of self-harm forums regarding the role of such websites, (3) how the use of self-harm forums/websites modulates self-harm behaviors, and (4) other ways that self-harm forums affect the lives of individuals who use them. Methods: Data were collected by a questionnaire hosted on 20 websites with self-harm content. Participants were self-selected from users of these sites. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and simple thematic analysis. Results: In total, 329 responses were received with 91.8% (302/329) from female site users. The majority of participants (65.6%, 187/285) visited these sites at least twice per week, and most participants used the sites to find information (78.2%, 223/285) or participate in the forums (68.4%, 195/285). Positive effects of website use such as gaining help and support, isolation reduction, and a reduction in self-harm behaviors were reported by a large number of participants. However, smaller but important numbers reported negative effects including worsened self-harm, being triggered to self-harm, and additional negative physical and psychological effects. Conclusions: This is the first multisite study to explore DSH website use in depth. There are clear and important benefits to engaging in website use for many individuals; however, these are not experienced by all website users. Negative effects were experienced by moderate numbers following website use, and clinicians should consider the impact of a patient’s website use when consulting.

Under a mandate by the board of trustees, ad hoc committees at each of the nine colleges in the Los Angeles Community College District plus a district-wide committee were established to find methods to maximize the utilization of existing resources for counseling and guidance services. The colleges' recommendations highlighted the following concerns: in-service training to deal with new community college clientele; improving information to students on available services; expanding use of paraprofessionals; and the need for follow-up on dropouts. A district planning team composed of counselors and administrators outlined the needs and objectives for implementing a program to serve the 150 counselors in the colleges. A three-phase staff development program, lasting from spring 1977 to December 1977 and using $39,500 of a $600,000 allocation by the trustees, was composed of the following: (1) four three-hour workshops held at each campus which focused on participant-selected topics; (2) a district-wide conference entitled "Self-Renewal for Counselors"; and (3) a ten-workshop program based on a"Mini-U" format. To be successful, any staff development program needs the support of the trustees, administration, and the participants. A literature review underscores the increased necessity for staff development caused by enrollment patterns and the reduction of new staff. (MB)

This article is from International Archives of Medicine , volume 4 . Abstract Background: The use of medicine is an important part of any health care process and the improvement of health status of any population. While some medicines are legitimately prescribed by practitioners, others take drugs not prescribed by practitioners when they suffer from illness or injuries. The effect of such actions on the health of individuals cannot be overlooked. Even though majority of health policies in developing countries have focused on chronic diseases and the functioning of health systems, abuse of drugs or medicines is a serious population health problem that deserves equal attention. The objectives of the current study are to examine the social and economic dimensions of the use of non-prescription medicines and to determine the effect it has on self-assessed health of individuals. Methods: The study employs data from the second Integrated Household Survey of Malawi with a sample of 2506 individuals who reported an incidence of illness or injury over the past two weeks before the survey. Regression analysis is conducted at two levels, first is a probit model to identify socio-economic factors that influence the use of non-prescription medicine. The second step uses an ordered probit to model the effect of the use of non-prescription medicines on self-assessed health of individuals. Results: Results from the probit model show that availability of a health facility in the community negatively affects the use of non-prescription medicines. Age of the individual and the total household health expenditure relate to higher use of non-prescription medicine. Results from the ordered probit model shows that individuals who used non-prescription medicines were likely to report lower categories of self-assessed health. Conclusions: While policy makers need to engage in public campaign to educate the population on the health risks posed by the use of non-prescription medicines, attention also has to be paid to the social and economic characteristics of the population. Efforts to provide health facilities in communities where they do not exist and improve existing ones will be a crucial step in reducing the use of non-prescription medicines.

This study aims to investigate the relationship between SUD treatment completion and social support through SHG participation, which we hypothesized will improve completion of SUD treatment across all relevant program types.

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129 p. 21 cm

Nowadays, mobile learning (m-learning) presents new and powerful opportunities for effective teaching and learning. Two significant factors that serve in understanding if students accept m-learning technology are self-efficacy and attitudes towards m-learning usage. For this purpose, the present study investigated vocational college students' self-efficacy and attitudes towards the use of m-learning. The study also examined how some core factors, including gender, prior mobile learning experience and academic major have played a role in students' self-efficacy and attitudes towards using m-learning. Researcher used two surveys that was completed by a sample of students at the Erzurum Vocational School, Ataturk University. The first scale, Computer Self-Efficacy Measure (CEM), was adapted Compeau and Higgins (1995) modified specifically in regards to mobile learning context. The second scale, m-learning attitudes scale, was adapted Al-Emran, Elsherif, and Shaalan (2015). The results revealed that students' level of self-efficacy, in general, had moderate and the majority of students had positive attitudes towards using m-learning. Statistically significant differences in students' self-efficacy towards m-learning based on prior mobile learning experience and academic major were found. Gender differences existed only in the students' attitudes, with the male students having more positive perspectives towards m-learning usage than the female students.

In this study the effects of a remedial spelling training approach were evaluated, which systematically combines certain visualization and verbalization methods to foster students' spelling knowledge and strategy use. Several achievement and test anxiety data from three measurement times were analyzed. All students displayed severe spelling disorders at the beginning of the treatment. It was administered in single-case sessions and took about 80 hours. Empirical results could demonstrate statistically significant increases in students' general and error-specific spelling test performance, also reaching a considerable overall effect size. Furthermore, a statistically significant decrease in their spelling-specific test anxiety scores appeared at the end of the treatment. Finally, these findings were discussed in terms of conceptual and methodological issues concerning both the evaluation of remedial treatments in natural training settings and the need for evidence-based treatment practice. (Contains 6 figures and 1 table.)

This paper presents a study whose purpose was to help determine whether group counseling is one effective means of helping juvenile offenders help themselves. It also compared the significance of the self-concept in incarcerated and nonincarcerated juvenile delinquents. Two experimental groups received eight weeks of group counseling once a week for three hours, and were compared to two control groups on a pre-posttest of the Tennessee Self Concept Scale (TSCS). An analysis of the effects of group counseling indicated that none of the self-concept variables significantly distinguished the counseled groups. However, the following trends were noted: (1) the experimental group had 71 percent of the most positive self-concept changes; (2) there were no differences between the nonincarcerated experimental and control group as to the amount of most positive self-concept changes; and (3) the incarcerated experimental group had slightly more positive self-concept changes than did the nonincarcerated experimental group. The author offers several points to be considered when using group counseling with juvenile delinquents. (Author/PC)

These profiles contain brief case studies showing how communication media are successfully used to support development projects in a variety of fields and international settings. Projects listed emphasize agriculture, health, nutrition, population, education (primary and middle grades, adult, and distance), and integrated development. Project descriptions are presented in a uniform, two-page format listing target audience, objectives, media, donors/sponsors, duration, contacts, project description, results, points of note, and references. The English version contains 72 profiles, while the French and Spanish language versions contain only 45 project profiles. The index in the English-language version is arranged in chart form, listing projects by sector, country, title, media use (audiovisual aids, audiocassettes, correspondence, film, folk media, interpersonal, print, radio, two-way satellite, and television), and sponsor/financing (AID participation, international donors, national government, and self or local financing). Names and addresses have been updated to show current contact data. (LMM)

The object of this experiment is to determine the CO2 and O2 at various stages of the dives of various self contained breathing apparatus under identical conditions and to appraise them from a standpoint of comfort, breathing resistance, duration, visibility and other factors pertinent to their practical use.

The formation of highly ordered polymer networks using liquid-crystalline (LC) monomers was studied in the context of developing new polymers for use as piezoelectric, dye laser host, and membrane materials. Photopolymerizable, crosslinkable monomers based on thermotropic and lyotropic LC's were sought for these purposes. A precursor to a suitable chiral smectic C monomer for the formation of noncentrosymmetric polymer networks has been synthesized. Two new crosslinkable dye molecules have been developed for alignment and polymerization studies inside LC monomer host matrices. Finally, two lyotropic LC monomers have been developed that result in ordered nanoporous polymer networks when photopolymerized.