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This paper presents the Latent Class Level-PCM as a method for identifying and interpreting latent classes of respondents according to empirically estimated performance levels. The model, which combines elements from latent class models and reparameterized partial credit models for polytomous data, can simultaneously (a) identify empirical boundaries between performance levels and (b) estimate an empirical location of the centroid of each level. This provides more detailed information for establishing performance levels and interpreting student performance in the context of these levels. The paper demonstrates the use of the Latent Class L-PCM on an assessment of student reading proficiency for which there are strong ties between the hypothesized theoretical levels and the polytomously scored assessment data. Graphical methods for evaluating the estimated levels are illustrated.

Test scores are used to assess one's general knowledge of a specific area. Although strategies to improve test performance have been previously identified, the consistency with which one uses these strategies has not been analyzed in such a way that allows assessment of how much consistency affects overall performance. Participants completed one of many exams over a variety of educational subjects. PPT (Potential Performance Theory) (Trafimow & Rice, 2008; 2009) was used to analyze their scores. Results indicated that consistency played a large role in affecting observed performance. Had participants been perfectly consistent, their observed performances would have been significantly higher. Analysis of sample individual data revealed that different individuals need to work specifically on either consistency, content knowledge, or both. (Contains 2 tables and 2 figures.)

Test scores are used to assess one's general knowledge of a specific area. Although strategies to improve test performance have been previously identified, the consistency with which one uses these strategies has not been analyzed in such a way that allows assessment of how much consistency affects overall performance. Participants completed one of many exams over a variety of educational subjects. PPT (Potential Performance Theory) (Trafimow & Rice, 2008; 2009) was used to analyze their scores. Results indicated that consistency played a large role in affecting observed performance. Had participants been perfectly consistent, their observed performances would have been significantly higher. Analysis of sample individual data revealed that different individuals need to work specifically on either consistency, content knowledge, or both. (Contains 2 tables and 2 figures.)

A theory is discussed in which observed performance ratings are derived from the distance between a rater reference point and subject performance point located on a postulated equal-interval scale and a postulated s-shaped rater characteristic curve, operationalized as the normal ogive. Least-squares estimates of rater (nR=47, 31, and 29) and subject (nS=29, 30, and 35) points were determined separately on each of three junior medical student cohorts' data. The proposed model fit each of the data sets better than two alternative models (r is greater than 0.70; p is less than 0.01). Test-retest reliabilities for rater parameters were r is less than 0.29 (joint p is less than 0.04). Cross-validating results also supported the theory. (Author/RL)

A theory is discussed in which observed performance ratings are derived from the distance between a rater reference point and subject performance point located on a postulated equal-interval scale and a postulated s-shaped rater characteristic curve, operationalized as the normal ogive. Least-squares estimates of rater (nR=47, 31, and 29) and subject (nS=29, 30, and 35) points were determined separately on each of three junior medical student cohorts' data. The proposed model fit each of the data sets better than two alternative models (r is greater than 0.70; p is less than 0.01). Test-retest reliabilities for rater parameters were r is less than 0.29 (joint p is less than 0.04). Cross-validating results also supported the theory. (Author/RL)

A theory is discussed in which observed performance ratings are derived from the distance between a rater reference point and subject performance point located on a postulated equal-interval scale and a postulated s-shaped rater characteristic curve, operationalized as the normal ogive. Least-squares estimates of rater (nR=47, 31, and 29) and subject (nS=29, 30, and 35) points were determined separately on each of three junior medical student cohorts' data. The proposed model fit each of the data sets better than two alternative models (r is greater than 0.70; p is less than 0.01). Test-retest reliabilities for rater parameters were r is less than 0.29 (joint p is less than 0.04). Cross-validating results also supported the theory. (Author/RL)

A theory is discussed in which observed performance ratings are derived from the distance between a rater reference point and subject performance point located on a postulated equal-interval scale and a postulated s-shaped rater characteristic curve, operationalized as the normal ogive. Least-squares estimates of rater (nR=47, 31, and 29) and subject (nS=29, 30, and 35) points were determined separately on each of three junior medical student cohorts' data. The proposed model fit each of the data sets better than two alternative models (r is greater than 0.70; p is less than 0.01). Test-retest reliabilities for rater parameters were r is less than 0.29 (joint p is less than 0.04). Cross-validating results also supported the theory. (Author/RL)

The logarithmic polar curve has for several years been used by the most prominent aerodynamical laboratories as well as by airplane manufacturers in Europe. To show more clearly the practical application of the polar curve, a series of examples are given with suggestions for solution. After a discussion of the theory and the practical application of the polar curve, the following problems are discussed: climbing flight, speed at various altitudes, and the characteristics of two seater observation airplanes of recent design.

The logarithmic polar curve has for several years been used by the most prominent aerodynamical laboratories as well as by airplane manufacturers in Europe. To show more clearly the practical application of the polar curve, a series of examples are given with suggestions for solution. After a discussion of the theory and the practical application of the polar curve, the following problems are discussed: climbing flight, speed at various altitudes, and the characteristics of two seater observation airplanes of recent design.

The logarithmic polar curve has for several years been used by the most prominent aerodynamical laboratories as well as by airplane manufacturers in Europe. To show more clearly the practical application of the polar curve, a series of examples are given with suggestions for solution. After a discussion of the theory and the practical application of the polar curve, the following problems are discussed: climbing flight, speed at various altitudes, and the characteristics of two seater observation airplanes of recent design.

The logarithmic polar curve has for several years been used by the most prominent aerodynamical laboratories as well as by airplane manufacturers in Europe. To show more clearly the practical application of the polar curve, a series of examples are given with suggestions for solution. After a discussion of the theory and the practical application of the polar curve, the following problems are discussed: climbing flight, speed at various altitudes, and the characteristics of two seater observation airplanes of recent design.

The logarithmic polar curve has for several years been used by the most prominent aerodynamical laboratories as well as by airplane manufacturers in Europe. To show more clearly the practical application of the polar curve, a series of examples are given with suggestions for solution. After a discussion of the theory and the practical application of the polar curve, the following problems are discussed: climbing flight, speed at various altitudes, and the characteristics of two seater observation airplanes of recent design.

In response to the growing importance of PM and the existing disconnect between HSO and non-HSO fields of study, the purpose of the proposed review is to identify current HSO PM theory, practices, and outcomes in the literature, and map how the HSO-specific literature relates to findings outside of the human services field. This systematic review will be guided by the following research questions: 1. What theories and concepts are applied to PM research set in HSOs? 1a. What are the measures of PM in HSOs? 1b. How well do the theories, concepts, and measures of PM align? (i.e., are there discrepancies between these three elements?) 2. What are the characteristics of PM examined in the HSO PM literature? 3. How does PM within HSOs impact the (a) organization, (b) staff, and (c) clients? 3a. If theory is tested, is the theory supported? 4. How do scholars in the HSO literature relate their findings to the non-HSO-specific PM literature? After extracting information to answer the research questions above, I plan to use a qualitative analytic approach (Garkisch & Goldkind, 2024) to answer the research questions. Specifically, using content and thematic analysis, I plan to synthesize PM practices, findings, and theories across included studies and compared to the broader (non-HSO) PM literature, yielding a more holistic understanding of PM. Additionally, if trends emerge across contextual characteristics, I will note any emergent patterns between these characteristics and other extracted information.

This document presents a model and description of a systematic institutional performance appraisal instrument. Particular emphasis of the instrument is focused on the strengths and weaknesses of the structure that supports the university's operation toward goal achievement. The instrument is intended to be elementary because it is believed that no sophisticated performance evaluation system installed without systematic internal self-evaluative experience would work. (HS)

Includes bibliographical references and index

The theoretical performance of the antenna element for the 96-element receiving array of MITRE's High-Frequency, High-Resolution Experimental Site is analyzed. The antenna element consists of a monopole tower with a buried radial- wire ground screen of modest diameter. Each element is connected by a long buried coaxial cable to an associated receiver in one of three electronics shelters within the array. The analysis forms the basis for selecting the final design configuration of the monopole antenna element, its associated ground screen, and the buried feed cable. System internal noise figure and antenna directivity serve as the principal measures of performance. The contributions of antenna efficiency, cable mismatch loss, cable attenuation loss, and receiver noise figure to system internal noise figure are treated. The monopole antenna element and an alternative dipole antenna element are modeled and analyzed using the Numerical Electromagnetics Code-Ground Screen (NEC-GS) version of the NEC method-of-Moments software. NEC-GS, which is particularly well-suited for modeling azimuthally symmetric structures, is used to calculate the antenna input impedance, efficiency, and power gain pattern. The antenna efficiency, cable mismatch loss, and antenna directivity pattern are determined as a function of frequency, earth electrical properties, and antenna element/ground- screen geometry. Asymmetric radiation pattern effects caused by a long, buried or unburied, coaxial feed cable, and by a nearby electronics shelter, are also evaluated. This is accomplished by using NEC software versions NEC-3I and N-EC-3 to model the monopole with ground screen in the presence of a jacketed feed cable and a shelter, respectively.

The theoretical performance of the antenna element for the 96-element receiving array of MITRE's High-Frequency, High-Resolution Experimental Site is analyzed. The antenna element consists of a monopole tower with a buried radial- wire ground screen of modest diameter. Each element is connected by a long buried coaxial cable to an associated receiver in one of three electronics shelters within the array. The analysis forms the basis for selecting the final design configuration of the monopole antenna element, its associated ground screen, and the buried feed cable. System internal noise figure and antenna directivity serve as the principal measures of performance. The contributions of antenna efficiency, cable mismatch loss, cable attenuation loss, and receiver noise figure to system internal noise figure are treated. The monopole antenna element and an alternative dipole antenna element are modeled and analyzed using the Numerical Electromagnetics Code-Ground Screen (NEC-GS) version of the NEC method-of-Moments software. NEC-GS, which is particularly well-suited for modeling azimuthally symmetric structures, is used to calculate the antenna input impedance, efficiency, and power gain pattern. The antenna efficiency, cable mismatch loss, and antenna directivity pattern are determined as a function of frequency, earth electrical properties, and antenna element/ground- screen geometry. Asymmetric radiation pattern effects caused by a long, buried or unburied, coaxial feed cable, and by a nearby electronics shelter, are also evaluated. This is accomplished by using NEC software versions NEC-3I and N-EC-3 to model the monopole with ground screen in the presence of a jacketed feed cable and a shelter, respectively.

viii, 115 p. ; 23 cm. --

viii, 115 p. ; 23 cm. --

viii, 115 p. ; 23 cm. --

The analysis of ballistic missile performance involves the determination of targets for which the effect of propellant depletion is statistically acceptable. Therefore, the probability of avoiding propellant depletion prior to normal guidance shut down, plays a fundamental role. This probability is determined in terms of the statistics of system parameters by assuming a linear expansion of the pro pellant reserve function over a region corresponding to dispersion for a particular launch-site/target combination. Alternately, a range function can be utilized to obtain the same result. When considering the target-range at constant probability it is useful to define range-exchange coefficients. Methods are discussed for utilizing such exchange coefficients to adjust previously obtained performance results to account for changes in system parameters. Also, some additional approximations are considered. The results are not essentially new but an attempt at a more complete and rigorous presentation is attempted.

The analysis of ballistic missile performance involves the determination of targets for which the effect of propellant depletion is statistically acceptable. Therefore, the probability of avoiding propellant depletion prior to normal guidance shut down, plays a fundamental role. This probability is determined in terms of the statistics of system parameters by assuming a linear expansion of the pro pellant reserve function over a region corresponding to dispersion for a particular launch-site/target combination. Alternately, a range function can be utilized to obtain the same result. When considering the target-range at constant probability it is useful to define range-exchange coefficients. Methods are discussed for utilizing such exchange coefficients to adjust previously obtained performance results to account for changes in system parameters. Also, some additional approximations are considered. The results are not essentially new but an attempt at a more complete and rigorous presentation is attempted.

This report results from a contract tasking University of Twente as follows: The Grantee will investigate the development of new algorithms to reduce the Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR) detection for radar applications. These will occur in three steps. First, the clutter environment will be modeled to include algorithmic non-homogeneities. Second, the effects of mutual coupling between antenna elements in a STAP array will be considered, either through simulated mathematical models incorporated into processing or through practical measurements. Finally, given the vast amounts of data that need to be processed in STAP, fast simulation methods will be investigated and proposed.

Several applications such as a military resource allocation problem, an airborne laser targeting sequence problem, an equal flow on generalized networks and a perimeter screening problem which are all of relevance to the Air Force and Homeland Security will be considered.

Women & Performance is an active peer-reviewed academic journal featuring scholarly essays on performance, dance, film, new media, and the performance of everyday life from interdisciplinary feminist perspectives. It was established in 1983 and is published 3 times a year by Taylor & Francis. This scholarly publication provides a platform for researchers, artists, scholars, and activists to explore and critically engage with the diverse forms of performance and their implications for feminist and queer theories, activism, and cultural production, exploring the intersections of gender, sexuality, and performance. The journal publishes original research articles, artistic documentation, performance reviews, and critical essays that examine the ways in which gender, sexuality, and embodiment intersect with performance practices. Coverage includes feminist performance art, theatre, dance, film, literature, activism, digital media, and the politics of representation. Women & Performance can be found online at: www.tandfonline.com/toc/rwap20/current The ISSN is: 0740-770X

This article describes the design, implementation, and evaluation of a diagnostic experiential simulation (Gredler, 2004) in a graduate Performance Technology (PT) course. Simulations are experiences that provide an authentic learning environment that scaffolds novices' problem solving while minimizing the risks of 'practicing' their newly learned skills in a 'real-world' setting. The purpose of the study was to examine the effectiveness of using simulations with novice instructional designers and performance technologists as an instructional strategy for transfer of theory into practice. This study is a case study, Type one developmental research design (Richey, Klein, Nelson, 2004), which describes the design, development, and analysis of a simulation as a culminating instructional strategy and assessment. The student learning outcomes from the simulation are mixed, but overall the students perceived the simulation experience to be authentic and relevant to their learning. An unintended outcome was the development of a model for designing experiential simulations.

Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Theory (MIT) can be a cognitive and emotional improvement if is taken into account in the standard development of the Technology lessons. This work presents a preliminary evaluation of the performance enhancement in two concomitant aspects: contents acquisition and emotional yield. The study was made on up to 150 students with ages of 12-13 years old. The control group was submitted to traditional transmission-reception lessons, whereas the experimental one was submitted to novel educational techniques that included specific activities which took into account the different intelligences styles (IS) inside the classroom. The results clearly depicted that both studied variables underwent a statistical significant enhancement through the application of the MIT-based educational method.

Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Theory (MIT) can be a cognitive and emotional improvement if is taken into account in the standard development of the Technology lessons. This work presents a preliminary evaluation of the performance enhancement in two concomitant aspects: contents acquisition and emotional yield. The study was made on up to 150 students with ages of 12-13 years old. The control group was submitted to traditional transmission-reception lessons, whereas the experimental one was submitted to novel educational techniques that included specific activities which took into account the different intelligences styles (IS) inside the classroom. The results clearly depicted that both studied variables underwent a statistical significant enhancement through the application of the MIT-based educational method.

Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Theory (MIT) can be a cognitive and emotional improvement if is taken into account in the standard development of the Technology lessons. This work presents a preliminary evaluation of the performance enhancement in two concomitant aspects: contents acquisition and emotional yield. The study was made on up to 150 students with ages of 12-13 years old. The control group was submitted to traditional transmission-reception lessons, whereas the experimental one was submitted to novel educational techniques that included specific activities which took into account the different intelligences styles (IS) inside the classroom. The results clearly depicted that both studied variables underwent a statistical significant enhancement through the application of the MIT-based educational method.

Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Theory (MIT) can be a cognitive and emotional improvement if is taken into account in the standard development of the Technology lessons. This work presents a preliminary evaluation of the performance enhancement in two concomitant aspects: contents acquisition and emotional yield. The study was made on up to 150 students with ages of 12-13 years old. The control group was submitted to traditional transmission-reception lessons, whereas the experimental one was submitted to novel educational techniques that included specific activities which took into account the different intelligences styles (IS) inside the classroom. The results clearly depicted that both studied variables underwent a statistical significant enhancement through the application of the MIT-based educational method.

Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards

Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards

Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards

Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards

Book digitized by Google from the library of the New York Public Library and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb.

Dynamic surface control (DSC) method uses high gain filters to avoid the "explosion of complexity" issue inherent in backstepping based controller designs. As a result, the closed loop system and filter dynamics possess time scale separation between them. This paper attempts to design a novel disturbance observer based dynamic surface controller using contraction framework. In doing so the steady state error bounds are obtained in terms of design parameters which are exploited to tune the closed loop system performance. The results not only show that DSC technique recover the performance of a backstepping controller for a small range of filter parameter but also derive the maximum bound for it. Furthermore the stability bounds are also derived in the presence of disturbances and convergence of trajectories to a small penultimate bound is proved. The convergence results are shown to hold for less conservative choice of filter parameter and observer gain. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is verified through simulation example.

Communication theories provide some assistance to these involved with interpretive reading, but the performance of literature calls for its own theory based on meaning and the unique qualities of interpretive skills. Theories of meaning involve both word meaning, based on the generalized processes of shared language experiences, and a personalized meaning, based on individual, differentiated experiences of readers and audience members. Meaning includes both intellectual and emotional responses to a piece of literature. A theory based on meaning can establish other theories unique both to the experience and performance of literature, including explanations of the general principles of advanced interpretive reading. This suggests analytical studies on the phenomenon of interpretation as related to both literary subjects and their development in performance. Empirical research could center on distinguishing between naturally acquired skills and the learned components of interpretive techniques. (RN)

Communication theories provide some assistance to these involved with interpretive reading, but the performance of literature calls for its own theory based on meaning and the unique qualities of interpretive skills. Theories of meaning involve both word meaning, based on the generalized processes of shared language experiences, and a personalized meaning, based on individual, differentiated experiences of readers and audience members. Meaning includes both intellectual and emotional responses to a piece of literature. A theory based on meaning can establish other theories unique both to the experience and performance of literature, including explanations of the general principles of advanced interpretive reading. This suggests analytical studies on the phenomenon of interpretation as related to both literary subjects and their development in performance. Empirical research could center on distinguishing between naturally acquired skills and the learned components of interpretive techniques. (RN)

Amazing Radio Toronto - daily evening show.

iv, 416 pages : 28 cm

iv, 416 pages : 28 cm

We introduce the formal foundations of a set-theoretic data model that can model data at both the logical and physical level. To demonstrate its practical value, we show how to use it to dynamically restructure data based on query requirements. Over time, most queries can be answered by retrieving from disk at most a small superset of the data they actually need, thereby yielding higher performance than conventional methods in today's database systems. The formal foundation defines operations and operands where all data representations belong to the same clan (with set theory being the common formal ancestor), allowing all operations to apply meaningfully to all operands. All data representations, both logical and physical, are treated as mathematical objects, instead of relying solely on the specific physical structure of the data representation. The mathematical mechanism includes extensions to set theory that support a compound set-membership condition, set-theoretic definitions of data representations that faithfully preserve content, structure and behavior, and a homogeneous integration of XML structures and the relational model. ©2006 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

A two-day workshop was held at the University of Texas at Arlington to discuss, analyze, and make recommendations on frameworks for human performance and human systems integration usable by the DoD. Twenty-five participants from eighteen organizations listened to nineteen presentations on human performance frameworks and their problems and applications. The presentations and the discussions they sparked are detailed in these proceedings. The group converged on recommendation of General Systems Performance Theory (GSPT) and its derivative, Nonlinear Causal Resource Analysis (NCRA), as composing a framework with potential to address a host of problems faced by the DoD in making the best use of human performance advances in today's dynamic environment. Specific recommendations to the Defense Safety Oversight Council are contained in the report.

Coaxial plasma guns are used to create plasmas. Experimental and theoretical coaxial plasma gun research has been performed since the early 1960s to the present. Research on coaxial plasma gun topics has been done in the Soviet Union, both Eastern and Western Europe, Japan and the United States. This report is a bibliographic collection of unclassified unlimited distribution references dealing with coaxial plasma guns directly or indirectly. These references deal with the theory, operational behavior or applications of coaxial plasma guns under both laboratory and research conditions. Other systems related to coaxial plasma guns (such as the 2-pinch, dense plasma focus, compact toroids and other plasma sources) are referenced as well. A total of 771 separate English language references are listed. Keywords: Plasma guns; Plasma sources; Plasma accelerators; Plasma sheaths; Plasma jets; Coaxial geometry; Bibliography.

Coaxial plasma guns are used to create plasmas. Experimental and theoretical coaxial plasma gun research has been performed since the early 1960s to the present. Research on coaxial plasma gun topics has been done in the Soviet Union, both Eastern and Western Europe, Japan and the United States. This report is a bibliographic collection of unclassified unlimited distribution references dealing with coaxial plasma guns directly or indirectly. These references deal with the theory, operational behavior or applications of coaxial plasma guns under both laboratory and research conditions. Other systems related to coaxial plasma guns (such as the 2-pinch, dense plasma focus, compact toroids and other plasma sources) are referenced as well. A total of 771 separate English language references are listed. Keywords: Plasma guns; Plasma sources; Plasma accelerators; Plasma sheaths; Plasma jets; Coaxial geometry; Bibliography.

Coaxial plasma guns are used to create plasmas. Experimental and theoretical coaxial plasma gun research has been performed since the early 1960s to the present. Research on coaxial plasma gun topics has been done in the Soviet Union, both Eastern and Western Europe, Japan and the United States. This report is a bibliographic collection of unclassified unlimited distribution references dealing with coaxial plasma guns directly or indirectly. These references deal with the theory, operational behavior or applications of coaxial plasma guns under both laboratory and research conditions. Other systems related to coaxial plasma guns (such as the 2-pinch, dense plasma focus, compact toroids and other plasma sources) are referenced as well. A total of 771 separate English language references are listed. Keywords: Plasma guns; Plasma sources; Plasma accelerators; Plasma sheaths; Plasma jets; Coaxial geometry; Bibliography.

Heat pipe technology pertinent to the design and application of self-controlled, variable conductance heat pipes for spacecraft thermal control is discussed. Investigations were conducted to: (1) provide additional confidence in existing design tools, (2) to generate new design tools, and (3) to develop superior variable conductance heat pipe designs. A computer program for designing and predicting the performance of the heat pipe systems was developed.

Roll-ratchet refers to a high frequency oscillation which can occur in pilot-in-the-loop control of roll attitude in high performance aircraft. The frequencies of oscillation are typically well beyond those associated with the more familiar pilot-induced oscillation. A structural model of the human pilot which has been employed to provide a unified theory for aircraft handling qualities and pilot-induced oscillations is employed here to provide a theory for the existence of roll-ratchet. It is hypothesized and demonstrated using the structural model that the pilot's inappropriate use of vestibular acceleration feedback can cause this phenomenon, a possibility which has been discussed previously by other researchers. The possible influence of biodynamic feedback on roll ratchet is also discussed.

The American Society for Training and Development (ASTD) defines human performance technology (HPT) as "a systematic approach to analyzing, improving, and managing performance in the workplace through the use of appropriate and varied interventions." The first step in this approach is the performance analysis (Gilbert, 1978). In this step, the performance technologist/consultant works collaboratively with the client to examine the current situation. Performance gaps or deficiencies are identified and are prioritized according to the needs of the client (ISPI, 2004). This case study describes a project in a graduate level HPT class at a Midwestern university. A team of graduate students was formed to address computer security issues for the client organization. The project team implemented a performance analysis process (Define, Analyze, and Select) as described by Schaffer and Douglas (2004). This process incorporated tools and frameworks such as the Performance Relationship Map (Robinson and Robinson, 1995) and the Performance Pyramid (Wedman and Graham, 1998, 2004). The significance of the project is that it provided a real world context in which the project team and the client could learn about HPT processes. The experiences were enriched by the request from the client to continue the HPT process after the analysis project.