Explore: Spacecraft Environments

experiment to assess the potentially hazardous charged particle environments the spacecraft flew through, and an extreme ultraviolet detector associated

becoming the first spacecraft to do so. It successfully completed its primary mission in 2012. Following two mission extensions, the spacecraft used the last

A spacecraft is a vehicle that is designed to fly and operate in outer space. Spacecraft are used for a variety of purposes, including communications,

mission phases. It must cope with the external environment, which can vary in a wide range as the spacecraft is exposed to the extreme coldness found in

Retrieved March 16, 2025. M. Shimizu. "Halley's environments observed by the Japanese Suisei spacecraft". Proceedings of the International Symposium on

The spacecraft cemetery also known as spacecraft graveyard or spacecraft junkyard, known more formally as the South Pacific Ocean(ic) Uninhabited Area—is

Uncrewed spacecraft or robotic spacecraft are spacecraft without people on board. Uncrewed spacecraft may have varying levels of autonomy from human input

Spacecraft charging is a physical phenomenon where spacecraft accumulate electrical charge while operating in space environments. This effect occurs due

Soyuz (Russian: Союз, IPA: [sɐˈjus], lit. 'Union') is a series of spacecraft which has been in service since the 1960s, having made more than 140 flights

conditions existing in space that affect the design and operation of spacecraft. A related subject, space weather, deals with dynamic processes in the