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1ERIC ED598282: Learning Languages In A Digital World. Selected Papers From The 2007 Central States Conference The Title Of This Volume, "Learning Languages In The Digital Age," Focuses On The Integration Of Technology To Promote Authentic And Interactive Communication Within And Outside The Walls Of The Language Classroom. Major Innovations Have Shifted Internet Use From A Consumer To A Participatory Model; That Is, Previously, Internet Users Were Placed In The Role Of Consumers Who Had Access To Materials And Information (this Phase Of Internet Integration Is Commonly Referred To As Web 1.0). Now Internet Users Can Become Producers Of Resources Themselves (Web 2.0 Is A Term Used To Describe This Shift In Internet Use From A Consumer Model To A Participatory Model). While Traditional Consumer And Communication Applications Continue, Widespread Participation As Producers Of Resources Has Jumped Dramatically. Blogging, Podcasting, Wikis, And Other Forms Of Democratized Media Are All Examples Of Applications That Promise To Challenge Traditional Systems And Roles And To Enhance The Nature Of Language Teaching And Learning. This Shift From Consumer To Producer Allows Language Learners To Take A More Active Role In The Learning Process, Participate In Authentic Communication And Create Products That Can Serve As Authentic Assessment Of Language Production. This Volume Provides The Theoretical Foundation For Effective Language Teaching And Learning While Providing Practical Applications For The Language Classroom. Each Of The Three Sections Represents An Important Aspect Of Language Education Designed To Promote Best Practices And To Increase Student Achievement: (1) Embracing Technology: Tools Teachers Can Use To Improve Language Learning; (2) Teacher Education And Professional Development: Agents Of Change; And (3) Teaching Culture Through Divergent Paths.
By ERIC
The title of this volume, "Learning Languages in the Digital Age," focuses on the integration of technology to promote authentic and interactive communication within and outside the walls of the language classroom. Major innovations have shifted Internet use from a consumer to a participatory model; that is, previously, Internet users were placed in the role of consumers who had access to materials and information (this phase of Internet integration is commonly referred to as Web 1.0). Now Internet users can become producers of resources themselves (Web 2.0 is a term used to describe this shift in Internet use from a consumer model to a participatory model). While traditional consumer and communication applications continue, widespread participation as producers of resources has jumped dramatically. Blogging, podcasting, Wikis, and other forms of democratized media are all examples of applications that promise to challenge traditional systems and roles and to enhance the nature of language teaching and learning. This shift from consumer to producer allows language learners to take a more active role in the learning process, participate in authentic communication and create products that can serve as authentic assessment of language production. This volume provides the theoretical foundation for effective language teaching and learning while providing practical applications for the language classroom. Each of the three sections represents an important aspect of language education designed to promote best practices and to increase student achievement: (1) Embracing Technology: Tools Teachers Can Use to Improve Language Learning; (2) Teacher Education and Professional Development: Agents of Change; and (3) Teaching Culture through Divergent Paths.
“ERIC ED598282: Learning Languages In A Digital World. Selected Papers From The 2007 Central States Conference The Title Of This Volume, "Learning Languages In The Digital Age," Focuses On The Integration Of Technology To Promote Authentic And Interactive Communication Within And Outside The Walls Of The Language Classroom. Major Innovations Have Shifted Internet Use From A Consumer To A Participatory Model; That Is, Previously, Internet Users Were Placed In The Role Of Consumers Who Had Access To Materials And Information (this Phase Of Internet Integration Is Commonly Referred To As Web 1.0). Now Internet Users Can Become Producers Of Resources Themselves (Web 2.0 Is A Term Used To Describe This Shift In Internet Use From A Consumer Model To A Participatory Model). While Traditional Consumer And Communication Applications Continue, Widespread Participation As Producers Of Resources Has Jumped Dramatically. Blogging, Podcasting, Wikis, And Other Forms Of Democratized Media Are All Examples Of Applications That Promise To Challenge Traditional Systems And Roles And To Enhance The Nature Of Language Teaching And Learning. This Shift From Consumer To Producer Allows Language Learners To Take A More Active Role In The Learning Process, Participate In Authentic Communication And Create Products That Can Serve As Authentic Assessment Of Language Production. This Volume Provides The Theoretical Foundation For Effective Language Teaching And Learning While Providing Practical Applications For The Language Classroom. Each Of The Three Sections Represents An Important Aspect Of Language Education Designed To Promote Best Practices And To Increase Student Achievement: (1) Embracing Technology: Tools Teachers Can Use To Improve Language Learning; (2) Teacher Education And Professional Development: Agents Of Change; And (3) Teaching Culture Through Divergent Paths.” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ ERIC ED598282: Learning Languages In A Digital World. Selected Papers From The 2007 Central States Conference The Title Of This Volume, "Learning Languages In The Digital Age," Focuses On The Integration Of Technology To Promote Authentic And Interactive Communication Within And Outside The Walls Of The Language Classroom. Major Innovations Have Shifted Internet Use From A Consumer To A Participatory Model; That Is, Previously, Internet Users Were Placed In The Role Of Consumers Who Had Access To Materials And Information (this Phase Of Internet Integration Is Commonly Referred To As Web 1.0). Now Internet Users Can Become Producers Of Resources Themselves (Web 2.0 Is A Term Used To Describe This Shift In Internet Use From A Consumer Model To A Participatory Model). While Traditional Consumer And Communication Applications Continue, Widespread Participation As Producers Of Resources Has Jumped Dramatically. Blogging, Podcasting, Wikis, And Other Forms Of Democratized Media Are All Examples Of Applications That Promise To Challenge Traditional Systems And Roles And To Enhance The Nature Of Language Teaching And Learning. This Shift From Consumer To Producer Allows Language Learners To Take A More Active Role In The Learning Process, Participate In Authentic Communication And Create Products That Can Serve As Authentic Assessment Of Language Production. This Volume Provides The Theoretical Foundation For Effective Language Teaching And Learning While Providing Practical Applications For The Language Classroom. Each Of The Three Sections Represents An Important Aspect Of Language Education Designed To Promote Best Practices And To Increase Student Achievement: (1) Embracing Technology: Tools Teachers Can Use To Improve Language Learning; (2) Teacher Education And Professional Development: Agents Of Change; And (3) Teaching Culture Through Divergent Paths.
- Author: ERIC
- Language: English
“ERIC ED598282: Learning Languages In A Digital World. Selected Papers From The 2007 Central States Conference The Title Of This Volume, "Learning Languages In The Digital Age," Focuses On The Integration Of Technology To Promote Authentic And Interactive Communication Within And Outside The Walls Of The Language Classroom. Major Innovations Have Shifted Internet Use From A Consumer To A Participatory Model; That Is, Previously, Internet Users Were Placed In The Role Of Consumers Who Had Access To Materials And Information (this Phase Of Internet Integration Is Commonly Referred To As Web 1.0). Now Internet Users Can Become Producers Of Resources Themselves (Web 2.0 Is A Term Used To Describe This Shift In Internet Use From A Consumer Model To A Participatory Model). While Traditional Consumer And Communication Applications Continue, Widespread Participation As Producers Of Resources Has Jumped Dramatically. Blogging, Podcasting, Wikis, And Other Forms Of Democratized Media Are All Examples Of Applications That Promise To Challenge Traditional Systems And Roles And To Enhance The Nature Of Language Teaching And Learning. This Shift From Consumer To Producer Allows Language Learners To Take A More Active Role In The Learning Process, Participate In Authentic Communication And Create Products That Can Serve As Authentic Assessment Of Language Production. This Volume Provides The Theoretical Foundation For Effective Language Teaching And Learning While Providing Practical Applications For The Language Classroom. Each Of The Three Sections Represents An Important Aspect Of Language Education Designed To Promote Best Practices And To Increase Student Achievement: (1) Embracing Technology: Tools Teachers Can Use To Improve Language Learning; (2) Teacher Education And Professional Development: Agents Of Change; And (3) Teaching Culture Through Divergent Paths.” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ ERIC Archive - ERIC - Moeller, Aleidine J., Ed. Theiler, Janine, Ed. - Second Language Learning - Second Language Instruction - Information Technology - Teacher Education - Cultural Awareness - Technology Integration - Change Agents - Educational Improvement - Internet - Computer Software - Audio Equipment - Case Studies - Faculty Development - Language Teachers - Educational Change - Teacher Role - Teacher Educators - Teacher Attitudes - Teaching Methods - Immersion Programs - Elementary School Teachers - Video Technology - Japanese - Electronic Mail - Intercultural Communication - French - Foreign Countries - Action Research - Self Efficacy - Self Evaluation (Individuals) - Teacher Certification
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ERIC_ED598282
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Find ERIC ED598282: Learning Languages In A Digital World. Selected Papers From The 2007 Central States Conference The Title Of This Volume, "Learning Languages In The Digital Age," Focuses On The Integration Of Technology To Promote Authentic And Interactive Communication Within And Outside The Walls Of The Language Classroom. Major Innovations Have Shifted Internet Use From A Consumer To A Participatory Model; That Is, Previously, Internet Users Were Placed In The Role Of Consumers Who Had Access To Materials And Information (this Phase Of Internet Integration Is Commonly Referred To As Web 1.0). Now Internet Users Can Become Producers Of Resources Themselves (Web 2.0 Is A Term Used To Describe This Shift In Internet Use From A Consumer Model To A Participatory Model). While Traditional Consumer And Communication Applications Continue, Widespread Participation As Producers Of Resources Has Jumped Dramatically. Blogging, Podcasting, Wikis, And Other Forms Of Democratized Media Are All Examples Of Applications That Promise To Challenge Traditional Systems And Roles And To Enhance The Nature Of Language Teaching And Learning. This Shift From Consumer To Producer Allows Language Learners To Take A More Active Role In The Learning Process, Participate In Authentic Communication And Create Products That Can Serve As Authentic Assessment Of Language Production. This Volume Provides The Theoretical Foundation For Effective Language Teaching And Learning While Providing Practical Applications For The Language Classroom. Each Of The Three Sections Represents An Important Aspect Of Language Education Designed To Promote Best Practices And To Increase Student Achievement: (1) Embracing Technology: Tools Teachers Can Use To Improve Language Learning; (2) Teacher Education And Professional Development: Agents Of Change; And (3) Teaching Culture Through Divergent Paths. at online marketplaces:
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2The Age Of Access : The New Culture Of Hypercapitalism, Where All Of Life Is A Paid-for Experience
By Rifkin, Jeremy
The title of this volume, "Learning Languages in the Digital Age," focuses on the integration of technology to promote authentic and interactive communication within and outside the walls of the language classroom. Major innovations have shifted Internet use from a consumer to a participatory model; that is, previously, Internet users were placed in the role of consumers who had access to materials and information (this phase of Internet integration is commonly referred to as Web 1.0). Now Internet users can become producers of resources themselves (Web 2.0 is a term used to describe this shift in Internet use from a consumer model to a participatory model). While traditional consumer and communication applications continue, widespread participation as producers of resources has jumped dramatically. Blogging, podcasting, Wikis, and other forms of democratized media are all examples of applications that promise to challenge traditional systems and roles and to enhance the nature of language teaching and learning. This shift from consumer to producer allows language learners to take a more active role in the learning process, participate in authentic communication and create products that can serve as authentic assessment of language production. This volume provides the theoretical foundation for effective language teaching and learning while providing practical applications for the language classroom. Each of the three sections represents an important aspect of language education designed to promote best practices and to increase student achievement: (1) Embracing Technology: Tools Teachers Can Use to Improve Language Learning; (2) Teacher Education and Professional Development: Agents of Change; and (3) Teaching Culture through Divergent Paths.
“The Age Of Access : The New Culture Of Hypercapitalism, Where All Of Life Is A Paid-for Experience” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ The Age Of Access : The New Culture Of Hypercapitalism, Where All Of Life Is A Paid-for Experience
- Author: Rifkin, Jeremy
- Language: English
“The Age Of Access : The New Culture Of Hypercapitalism, Where All Of Life Is A Paid-for Experience” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ Electronic commerce - Electronic data interchange - Internet - Business - Commerce électronique - Échange électronique d'information - Affaires - E-commerce - Culturele aspecten - Economische aspecten - Informationsgesellschaft - Nachindustrielle Gesellschaft - Sozioökonomischer Wandel - Comércio eletrônico - Capitalismo
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ageofaccessnewcu00rifk
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3The Age Of Netflix: Critical Essays On Streaming Media, Digital Delivery And Instant Access
By Cory Barker
In 2016, Netflix--with an already enormous footprint in the United States--expanded its online streaming video service to 130 new countries, adding more than 12 million subscribers in nine months and bringing its total to 87 million. The effectiveness of Netflix's content management lies in its ability to appeal to a vastly disparate global viewership without a unified cache of content. Instead, the company invests in buying or developing myriad programming and uses sophisticated algorithms to "narrowcast" to micro-targeted audience groups. In this collection of new essays, contributors explore how Netflix has become a cultural institution and transformed the way we consume popular media.
“The Age Of Netflix: Critical Essays On Streaming Media, Digital Delivery And Instant Access” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ The Age Of Netflix: Critical Essays On Streaming Media, Digital Delivery And Instant Access
- Author: Cory Barker
- Language: English
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: the-age-of-netflix
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4Access To Knowledge In The Age Of Intellectual Property
In 2016, Netflix--with an already enormous footprint in the United States--expanded its online streaming video service to 130 new countries, adding more than 12 million subscribers in nine months and bringing its total to 87 million. The effectiveness of Netflix's content management lies in its ability to appeal to a vastly disparate global viewership without a unified cache of content. Instead, the company invests in buying or developing myriad programming and uses sophisticated algorithms to "narrowcast" to micro-targeted audience groups. In this collection of new essays, contributors explore how Netflix has become a cultural institution and transformed the way we consume popular media.
“Access To Knowledge In The Age Of Intellectual Property” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Access To Knowledge In The Age Of Intellectual Property
- Language: English
“Access To Knowledge In The Age Of Intellectual Property” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ Immaterialrätt - Access to knowledge movement - Intellectual property - Freedom of information - Zugang - Geistiges Eigentum - Open Access - Wissen
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- Internet Archive ID: accesstoknowledg0000unse_w1i4
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5TRIBUTES TO HON. ARLEN SPECTER Arlen Specter U.S. SENATOR FROM PENNSYLVANIA TRIBUTES IN THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TONGRESS.#15 Arlen Specter ? Tributes Delivered In Congress Arlen Specter United States Senator 1981-2011 A ? Compiled Under The Direction Of The Joint Committee On Printing CONTENTS Biography............................................. V Farewell To The Senate................................ Xi Proceedings In The Senate: Tributes By Senators: Akaka, Daniel K., Of Hawaii.................... 12 Alexander, Lamar, Of Tennessee................. 3 Bennet, Michael F., Of Colorado................ 21 Boxer, Barbara, Of California.................. 23 Casey, Robert P., Jr., Of Pennsylvania......... 15, 24 Cochran, Thad, Of Mississippi.................. 19 Conrad, Kent, Of North Dakota.................. 8 Dodd, Christopher J., Of Connecticut........... 11 Durbin, Richard, Of Illinois................... 11, 17 Enzi, Michael B., Of Wyoming................... 9 Harkin, Tom, Of Iowa........................... 22 Hatch, Orrin G., Of Utah....................... 13 Levin, Carl, Of Michigan....................... 5 Murkowski, Lisa, Of Alaska..................... 26 Reed, Jack, Of Rhode Island.................... 5 Reid, Harry, Of Nevada......................... 5, 7 Sessions, Jeff, Of Alabama..................... 20 Udall, Mark, Of Colorado....................... 22 Warner, Mark R., Of Virginia................... 5 BIOGRAPHY Since First Elected In 1980, Arlen Specter Has Brought Rugged Individualism And Fierce Independence Learned From His Youth On The Kansas Plains To Become A Leading Senate Moderate. His Work As Philadelphia's Tough District Attorney Gave Him Insights To Write The Terrorist Prosecution Act, The Armed Career Criminal Act, And Coauthor The Second Chance Act. His Legal Background And Experience In Constitutional Law Provided The Skills To Serve As Judiciary Chairman During The Confirmation Hearings Of Chief Justice Roberts And Justice Alito. In Earlier Confirmation Hearings He Had The Courage To Cross Party Lines In Opposing Judge Bork And Disagreeing With Conventional Wisdom In Supporting Justice Thomas After Dissecting The Contradictory And Highly Charged Testimony. As A Consummate Legislator, He Has Counseled Compromise And Conciliation In A Congress That Has Established New Records For Partisan Discord. In Foreign Affairs, He Has Advocated Dialogue And Accommodation As An Antidote To Belligerency And Saber Rattling. Arlen Specter's Five Terms Have Made Him The Longest Serving U.S. Senator In Pennsylvania's History. A Voice Of Reason, His Independence And Balance Have Won Endorsements From The AFL-CIO And High Marks From The U.S. Chamber Of Commerce, The National Association Of Manufacturers, And The Americans For Tax Reform. Time Magazine Listed Him Among The Ten Best Senators In 2006. Knowlegis Rated Him The Second Most Powerful Senator In 2006 Behind Only Majority Leader Bill Frist. A November 11, 2007 Philadelphia Inquirer Editorial Stated: ''Senator Arlen Specter Has More Clout Than Some Sovereign Nations.'' Senator Specter Attributes His Zeal For Public Service To His Experience As A Child When He Saw The Government Mistreat His Father, Harry Specter, Who Migrated To The United States From Russia In 1911. Private Specter, Serving In World War I In The Infantry, Was Seriously Wounded In Action In France's Argonne Forest. When The Government Broke Its Promise To Pay World War I Veterans A 00 Bonus, The Veterans Marched On Washington. President Hoover Called Out The Army Which Fired On And Killed Veterans On The Mall In One Of The Blackest Days In American History. As A Metaphor, Senator Specter Says He Has Been On His Way To Washington Ever Since To Get His Father's Bonus And Since He Hasn't Gotten It Yet, He's Running For Reelection. The Incident Over His Father's Bonus Has Made Arlen Specter A Fierce Advocate For Veterans' Benefits And The ''little Guy'' In His Battles With The Federal Government. From His Immigrant Parents, Arlen Specter Learned Work Ethics The Hard Way. His Father, Harry Specter, Who Was A Peddler, Took 5-year-old Arlen To Small Kansas Towns Selling Cantaloupes Door To Door With A Small Basket In Hand. In His Dad's Junkyard In Russell, KS, 16-year-old Arlen Specter Cut Down Oil Derricks With An Acetylene Torch And Loaded Scrap Iron Into Rail Freight Cars Headed For The Smelter. His Credentials Include Votes For The Line-item Veto And A Constitutional Amendment For A Balanced Budget. As A Two-term Philadelphia District Attorney, He Fought For Tough Sentences For Tough Criminals And Later, In The Senate, Wrote Groundbreaking Legislation Providing For Life Sentences For Three-time Recidivists On Violent Crimes. Since 1981, He Has Played A Significant Role In Supreme Court Nomination Hearings, For Chief Justice Rehnquist, Justices O'Connor, Scalia, Kennedy, Souter, Thomas, Ginsberg, Breyer, And Judge Bork. Notwithstanding Debilitating Chemotherapy Treatments In 2005, He Stayed On The Job As Chairman Of The Judiciary Committee To Preside Over Historic Supreme Court Confirmation Hearings. His Work On The Judiciary Committee Has Included Writing Significant Legislation On Dealing With Constitutional Law, Civil Rights, And Privacy. As A Senior Member Of The Appropriations Committee, He Led The Fight To Increase Funding For The National Institutes Of Health From 2 Billion To 0 Billion To Expand Medical Research To Find Cures For Cancer, Heart Disease, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, And Other Maladies. He Has Supported Expanding Health Care For Seniors And Children And Has Proposed Legislation To Cover The Almost 50 Million Americans Who Do Not Have Health Insurance. Because Senator Specter Is Keenly Aware Of The Importance Of Understanding The Younger Generation, He Often Visits And Speaks At Universities And High Schools. He Credits His Parents, Both Immigrants, With Emphasizing The Importance Of Education Which Has Enabled His Brother, Two Sisters, And Himself To Share In The American Dream. To Empower Others With Access To Education, He Led The Fight On The Appropriations Subcommittee To Increase Federal Spending By 138 Percent And Raise Funding For Scholarships And Student Loans. Constituent Service And Promoting Pennsylvania's Economic Interests Have Been The Hallmarks Of Senator Specter's Senate Career. He Maintained Offices In Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Harrisburg, Erie, Scranton, Wilkes-Barre, And The Lehigh Valley To Help Residents Of Those Areas Who Needed Assistance To Cut Washington's Redtape. From His Experience As A Teenager Working On A Farm In Kansas, The State Where He Was Born, Senator Specter Has Understood And Worked On The Problems Of Pennsylvania's Farmers From His Position On The Appropriations Subcommittee On Agriculture. He Frequently Argues In The International Trade Commission To Assist The Steel Industry From Being Deluged With Unfair Foreign Imports. His Proposed Legislation, Endorsed By Both Business And Labor, Would Create A Private Right Of Action In Federal Courts To Stop Subsidized Or Dumped Products From Being Imported Into The United States. He Has Supported The Coal Industry By Promoting Legislation For Clean Coal Technology And Securing 00 Million For A Schuylkill County Project To Turn Sludge Into High Octane, Environmentally Safe Gasoline. Recognizing The Long-term Effects Of Global Warming, He Has Cosponsored The Bingaman-Specter Bill To Reduce Harm From Carbon Emissions. As Chairman Of The Intelligence Committee In The 104th Congress And A Member Of The Appropriations Subcommittee On Foreign Operations, Senator Specter Traveled Extensively Meeting With World Leaders Including Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev; French President Francois Mitterrand; Israel's Prime Ministers Menachem Begin, Yitzhak Shamir, Yitzhak Rabin, Shimon Peres, Benjamin Netanyahu, Ehud Barak, Ariel Sharon, And Ehud Olmert; China's President Hu Jintao; Indian Prime Minister Singh; Pakistan's Prime Ministers Benazir Bhutto, Mohammad Zia, And Pervez Musharraf; Jordan's Kings Hussein And Abdullah; And Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak. Strongly Agreeing With Moshe Dayan's Famous Statement That We Make Peace With Our Enemies Not Our Friends, He Has Met With Syria's Presidents Hafez Al-Assad And Bashar Al-Assad; The Palestinian Authority's Chairman Yasser Arafat; Iraq's President Saddam Hussein; Cuba's President Fidel Castro; Libya's Leader Muammar Qadhafi; And Venezuela President Hugo Chavez. From These Meetings And His Studies Of Foreign Affairs Since His Undergraduate Days At The University Of Pennsylvania, Where He Majored In Political Science And International Relations, Senator Specter Has Been A Forceful Advocate For Aggressive Diplomacy To Solve International Conflicts. He Wrote, With Staffer Chris Bradish, An Article For The Washington Quarterly (Winter 2006-2007), Outlining A Blueprint For Diplomatic Initiatives In The Mideast With Emphasis On Bilateral Negotiations With Iran And Syria. Similarly, He Has Urged Bilateral, As Well As Multilateral, Negotiations With North Korea. Early In His Senate Career In 1982, He Was Among The First To Call For A U.S./U.S.S.R. Summit In A Resolution Which Passed The Senate 90 To 8. He Participated Extensively With The Senate Observers At The Geneva Arms Reduction Talks In The 1980s And Led The Fight For The Broad Interpretation Of The ABM Treaty. Senator Specter Consistently Supported Appropriations To Fight Global AIDS And Promoted Worldwide Support For Underdeveloped Countries Including Free Trade Agreements. Arlen Specter Was Elected To The U.S. Senate In 1980 And Served Five Terms. In 2005, Senator Specter Became Pennsylvania's Longest Serving U.S. Senator. He Was A Senior Member Of The Senate Judiciary, Appropriations, And Veterans Affairs Committees. Senator Specter Was A Member Of The Senate Judiciary Committee Since He Came To The Senate. As Such, He Played An Instrumental Role In Many Of The Senate's Most Important Issues, Including The Confirmations Of Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Jr. And Justice Samuel Alito To Serve As Associate Justice On The U.S. Supreme Court. Senator Specter Also Shepherded Through The Judiciary Committee Legislation On Asbestos Litigation Reform To Absolve What The Supreme Court Once Called An ''elephantine Mass'' Clogging Our Judicial System. Senator Specter Has Worked In A Bipartisan Fashion To Reauthorize Key Provisions Of The USA PATRIOT Act, An Important Tool In The U.S. War On Terror. He Has Also Authored Legislation To Help Consumers Better Protect The Privacy Of Their Personal Information In The Face Of Recurrent Data Security Breaches Across The Country. On The Judiciary Committee, Senator Specter Built On His Foundation As A Lawyer And Former District Attorney. He Was The Author Of The Armed Career Criminal Act, Which Has Been Praised For Its Long Prison Terms For Repeat Offenders, And The Terrorist Prosecution Act, Which Authorizes Criminal Actions In U.S. Courts For Assaulting, Maiming, Or Murdering Americans Anywhere In The World. As A Senior Member Of The Appropriations Committee, Senator Specter Was Chairman Of The Senate Appropriations Subcommittee On Labor, Health And Human Services, And Education. This Subcommittee Oversees Federal Funding For The National Institutes Of Health (NIH), The Centers For Disease Control, Educational Programs Like Head Start, Pell Grants, And GEAR-UP, And Worker Safety Programs. Under His Leadership, Funding For Education Has Increased By More Than 130 Percent. Senator Specter Was Also Instrumental In Doubling The Budget For NIH, Which Has Made Major Advances In Curing Parkinson's, Cancer, Heart Disease, And Delaying The Onset Of Alzheimer's. Finally, Senator Specter Is A Strong Proponent Of Stem Cell Research For The Purposes Of Discovering Knowledge That May Lead To Cures For These Same Ailments. Strengthening Our Nation's Security Has Been A Longstanding Priority Of Senator Specter's. Thirty Days After The Terrorist Attacks Of September 11, 2001, Senator Specter Drafted The Legislation That Established The Department Of Homeland Security. While Serving As Chairman Of The Senate Intelligence Committee In The 104th Congress, He Authored The Bill Creating The Inspector General Of The Central Intelligence Agency, Marking The Only Reform Legislation To Emerge From The Iran-Contra Affair. Senator Specter Continues His Strong Advocacy For Veterans, A Passion Born From The First Veteran He Ever Knew, His Father, Harry Specter, Who Was Wounded In World War I. As A Former Chairman Of The Veterans Committee, He Pushed For Just Treatment For Veterans And Increased Benefits. Working Closely With The Secretary Of Veterans Affairs, Senator Specter Oversaw The Opening Of Four New Veterans Outpatient Clinics In Fayette, Northampton, Venango, And Warren Counties And Passed Legislation To Create A New Veterans Cemetery In Southeastern Pennsylvania. A Frequent Visitor To All Of Pennsylvania's 67 Counties, Senator Specter Places Constituent Service High On His Priorities And Has Been Instrumental On The Appropriations Committee In Promoting Pennsylvania's Interests In Agriculture, High-technology, Steel, Coal, Tourism, Mass Transit, Highways, And Military Installations. In Addition To Tackling The Major Legislative Business Before The Senate, Senator Specter Also Engaged In A Personal Battle With Stage IV-B Hodgkin's Lymphoma Cancer In 2005 And 2008. In Both Cases He Underwent Nearly 5 Months Of Chemotherapy, But Still Maintained All Of His Senatorial Duties, Including Chairing Hearings, Voting, And Brokering Important Legislative Initiatives. In July 2008, Senator Specter Received His Last Chemotherapy Treatment And Has Since Received A Clean Bill Of Health. Senator Specter Was Born To Immigrant Parents In Wichita, KS, And Grew Up In The Small Town Of Russell, KS. He Is A Phi Beta Kappa Graduate Of The University Of Pennsylvania And Served As An Editor Of The Yale Law Journal. He Began His Career In Public Service As An Assistant Philadelphia District Attorney. While Serving In That Position, He Was Named Assistant Counsel On The Warren Commission Investigation Into President Kennedy's Assassination. Two Years Later, Senator Specter Was Elected District Attorney Of Philadelphia At The Age Of 35. Senator Specter Lives In Philadelphia With His Wife Joan. They Have Two Sons, Shanin And Steve, And Four Grandchildren, Silvi, Perri, Lilli, And Hatti. Farewell To The Senate Tuesday, December 21, 2010 Mr. SPECTER. Madam President, This Is Not A Farewell Address But, Rather, A Closing Argument To A Jury Of My Colleagues And The American People Outlining My Views On How The Senate And, With It, The Federal Government Arrived At Its Current Condition Of Partisan Gridlock, And My Suggestions On Where We Go From Here On That Pressing Problem And The Key Issues Of National And International Importance. To Make A Final Floor Statement Is A Challenge. The Washington Post Noted The Poor Attendance At My Colleagues' Farewell Speeches Earlier This Month. That Is Really Not Surprising Since There Is Hardly Anyone Ever On The Senate Floor. The Days Of Lively Debate With Many Members On The Floor Are Long Gone. Abuse Of The Senate Rules Has Pretty Much Stripped Senators Of The Right To Offer Amendments. The Modern Filibuster Requires Only A Threat And No Talking. So The Senate's Activity For More Than A Decade Has Been The Virtual Continuous Drone Of A Quorum Call. But That Is Not The Way It Was When Senator Chris Dodd And I Were Privileged To Enter The World's Greatest Deliberative Body 30 Years Ago. Senators On Both Sides Of The Aisle Engaged In Collegial Debate And Found Ways To Find Common Ground On The Nation's Pressing Problems. When I Attended My First Republican Moderates Luncheon, I Met Mark Hatfield, John Chafee, Ted Stevens, Mac Mathias, Bob Stafford, Bob Packwood, Chuck Percy, Bill Cohen, Warren Rudman, Alan Simpson, Jack Danforth, John Warner, Nancy Kassebaum, Slade Gorton, And I Found My Colleague John Heinz There. That Is A Far Cry From Later Years When The Moderates Could Fit Into A Telephone Booth. On The Other Side Of The Aisle, I Found Many Democratic Senators Willing To Move To The Center To Craft Legislation
By Committee on Appropriations
Government Publishing Office U.S. Congress Senate Committee on Appropriations TRIBUTES TO HON. ARLEN SPECTER Arlen Specter U.S. SENATOR FROM PENNSYLVANIA TRIBUTES IN THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TONGRESS.#15 Arlen Specter ? Tributes Delivered in Congress Arlen Specter United States Senator 1981-2011 a ? Compiled under the direction of the Joint Committee on Printing CONTENTS Biography............................................. v Farewell to the Senate................................ xi Proceedings in the Senate: Tributes by Senators: Akaka, Daniel K., of Hawaii.................... 12 Alexander, Lamar, of Tennessee................. 3 Bennet, Michael F., of Colorado................ 21 Boxer, Barbara, of California.................. 23 Casey, Robert P., Jr., of Pennsylvania......... 15, 24 Cochran, Thad, of Mississippi.................. 19 Conrad, Kent, of North Dakota.................. 8 Dodd, Christopher J., of Connecticut........... 11 Durbin, Richard, of Illinois................... 11, 17 Enzi, Michael B., of Wyoming................... 9 Harkin, Tom, of Iowa........................... 22 Hatch, Orrin G., of Utah....................... 13 Levin, Carl, of Michigan....................... 5 Murkowski, Lisa, of Alaska..................... 26 Reed, Jack, of Rhode Island.................... 5 Reid, Harry, of Nevada......................... 5, 7 Sessions, Jeff, of Alabama..................... 20 Udall, Mark, of Colorado....................... 22 Warner, Mark R., of Virginia................... 5 BIOGRAPHY Since first elected in 1980, Arlen Specter has brought rugged individualism and fierce independence learned from his youth on the Kansas plains to become a leading Senate moderate. His work as Philadelphia's tough district attorney gave him insights to write the Terrorist Prosecution Act, the Armed Career Criminal Act, and coauthor the Second Chance Act. His legal background and experience in constitutional law provided the skills to serve as Judiciary chairman during the confirmation hearings of Chief Justice Roberts and Justice Alito. In earlier confirmation hearings he had the courage to cross party lines in opposing Judge Bork and disagreeing with conventional wisdom in supporting Justice Thomas after dissecting the contradictory and highly charged testimony. As a consummate legislator, he has counseled compromise and conciliation in a Congress that has established new records for partisan discord. In foreign affairs, he has advocated dialogue and accommodation as an antidote to belligerency and saber rattling. Arlen Specter's five terms have made him the longest serving U.S. Senator in Pennsylvania's history. A voice of reason, his independence and balance have won endorsements from the AFL-CIO and high marks from the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, the National Association of Manufacturers, and the Americans for Tax Reform. Time magazine listed him among the Ten Best Senators in 2006. Knowlegis rated him the second most powerful Senator in 2006 behind only Majority Leader Bill Frist. A November 11, 2007 Philadelphia Inquirer editorial stated: ''Senator Arlen Specter has more clout than some sovereign nations.'' Senator Specter attributes his zeal for public service to his experience as a child when he saw the government mistreat his father, Harry Specter, who migrated to the United States from Russia in 1911. Private Specter, serving in World War I in the infantry, was seriously wounded in action in France's Argonne Forest. When the government broke its promise to pay World War I veterans a 00 bonus, the veterans marched on Washington. President Hoover called out the Army which fired on and killed veterans on the Mall in one of the blackest days in American history. As a metaphor, Senator Specter says he has been on his way to Washington ever since to get his father's bonus and since he hasn't gotten it yet, he's running for reelection. The incident over his father's bonus has made Arlen Specter a fierce advocate for veterans' benefits and the ''little guy'' in his battles with the Federal Government. From his immigrant parents, Arlen Specter learned work ethics the hard way. His father, Harry Specter, who was a peddler, took 5-year-old Arlen to small Kansas towns selling cantaloupes door to door with a small basket in hand. In his dad's junkyard in Russell, KS, 16-year-old Arlen Specter cut down oil derricks with an acetylene torch and loaded scrap iron into rail freight cars headed for the smelter. His credentials include votes for the line-item veto and a constitutional amendment for a balanced budget. As a two-term Philadelphia district attorney, he fought for tough sentences for tough criminals and later, in the Senate, wrote groundbreaking legislation providing for life sentences for three-time recidivists on violent crimes. Since 1981, he has played a significant role in Supreme Court nomination hearings, for Chief Justice Rehnquist, Justices O'Connor, Scalia, Kennedy, Souter, Thomas, Ginsberg, Breyer, and Judge Bork. Notwithstanding debilitating chemotherapy treatments in 2005, he stayed on the job as chairman of the Judiciary Committee to preside over historic Supreme Court confirmation hearings. His work on the Judiciary Committee has included writing significant legislation on dealing with constitutional law, civil rights, and privacy. As a senior member of the Appropriations Committee, he led the fight to increase funding for the National Institutes of Health from 2 billion to 0 billion to expand medical research to find cures for cancer, heart disease, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and other maladies. He has supported expanding health care for seniors and children and has proposed legislation to cover the almost 50 million Americans who do not have health insurance. Because Senator Specter is keenly aware of the importance of understanding the younger generation, he often visits and speaks at universities and high schools. He credits his parents, both immigrants, with emphasizing the importance of education which has enabled his brother, two sisters, and himself to share in the American dream. To empower others with access to education, he led the fight on the Appropriations Subcommittee to increase Federal spending by 138 percent and raise funding for scholarships and student loans. Constituent service and promoting Pennsylvania's economic interests have been the hallmarks of Senator Specter's Senate career. He maintained offices in Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Harrisburg, Erie, Scranton, Wilkes-Barre, and the Lehigh Valley to help residents of those areas who needed assistance to cut Washington's redtape. From his experience as a teenager working on a farm in Kansas, the State where he was born, Senator Specter has understood and worked on the problems of Pennsylvania's farmers from his position on the Appropriations Subcommittee on Agriculture. He frequently argues in the International Trade Commission to assist the steel industry from being deluged with unfair foreign imports. His proposed legislation, endorsed by both business and labor, would create a private right of action in Federal courts to stop subsidized or dumped products from being imported into the United States. He has supported the coal industry by promoting legislation for clean coal technology and securing 00 million for a Schuylkill County project to turn sludge into high octane, environmentally safe gasoline. Recognizing the long-term effects of global warming, he has cosponsored the Bingaman-Specter bill to reduce harm from carbon emissions. As chairman of the Intelligence Committee in the 104th Congress and a member of the Appropriations Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, Senator Specter traveled extensively meeting with world leaders including Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev; French President Francois Mitterrand; Israel's Prime Ministers Menachem Begin, Yitzhak Shamir, Yitzhak Rabin, Shimon Peres, Benjamin Netanyahu, Ehud Barak, Ariel Sharon, and Ehud Olmert; China's President Hu Jintao; Indian Prime Minister Singh; Pakistan's Prime Ministers Benazir Bhutto, Mohammad Zia, and Pervez Musharraf; Jordan's Kings Hussein and Abdullah; and Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak. Strongly agreeing with Moshe Dayan's famous statement that we make peace with our enemies not our friends, he has met with Syria's Presidents Hafez al-Assad and Bashar al-Assad; the Palestinian Authority's Chairman Yasser Arafat; Iraq's President Saddam Hussein; Cuba's President Fidel Castro; Libya's Leader Muammar Qadhafi; and Venezuela President Hugo Chavez. From these meetings and his studies of foreign affairs since his undergraduate days at the University of Pennsylvania, where he majored in political science and international relations, Senator Specter has been a forceful advocate for aggressive diplomacy to solve international conflicts. He wrote, with staffer Chris Bradish, an article for the Washington Quarterly (Winter 2006-2007), outlining a blueprint for diplomatic initiatives in the Mideast with emphasis on bilateral negotiations with Iran and Syria. Similarly, he has urged bilateral, as well as multilateral, negotiations with North Korea. Early in his Senate career in 1982, he was among the first to call for a U.S./U.S.S.R. summit in a resolution which passed the Senate 90 to 8. He participated extensively with the Senate observers at the Geneva Arms Reduction talks in the 1980s and led the fight for the broad interpretation of the ABM Treaty. Senator Specter consistently supported appropriations to fight global AIDS and promoted worldwide support for underdeveloped countries including free trade agreements. Arlen Specter was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1980 and served five terms. In 2005, Senator Specter became Pennsylvania's longest serving U.S. Senator. He was a senior member of the Senate Judiciary, Appropriations, and Veterans Affairs Committees. Senator Specter was a member of the Senate Judiciary Committee since he came to the Senate. As such, he played an instrumental role in many of the Senate's most important issues, including the confirmations of Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Jr. and Justice Samuel Alito to serve as Associate Justice on the U.S. Supreme Court. Senator Specter also shepherded through the Judiciary Committee legislation on asbestos litigation reform to absolve what the Supreme Court once called an ''elephantine mass'' clogging our judicial system. Senator Specter has worked in a bipartisan fashion to reauthorize key provisions of the USA PATRIOT Act, an important tool in the U.S. war on terror. He has also authored legislation to help consumers better protect the privacy of their personal information in the face of recurrent data security breaches across the country. On the Judiciary Committee, Senator Specter built on his foundation as a lawyer and former district attorney. He was the author of the Armed Career Criminal Act, which has been praised for its long prison terms for repeat offenders, and the Terrorist Prosecution Act, which authorizes criminal actions in U.S. courts for assaulting, maiming, or murdering Americans anywhere in the world. As a senior member of the Appropriations Committee, Senator Specter was chairman of the Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education. This subcommittee oversees Federal funding for the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Centers for Disease Control, educational programs like Head Start, Pell grants, and GEAR-UP, and worker safety programs. Under his leadership, funding for education has increased by more than 130 percent. Senator Specter was also instrumental in doubling the budget for NIH, which has made major advances in curing Parkinson's, cancer, heart disease, and delaying the onset of Alzheimer's. Finally, Senator Specter is a strong proponent of stem cell research for the purposes of discovering knowledge that may lead to cures for these same ailments. Strengthening our Nation's security has been a longstanding priority of Senator Specter's. Thirty days after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, Senator Specter drafted the legislation that established the Department of Homeland Security. While serving as chairman of the Senate Intelligence Committee in the 104th Congress, he authored the bill creating the Inspector General of the Central Intelligence Agency, marking the only reform legislation to emerge from the Iran-Contra affair. Senator Specter continues his strong advocacy for veterans, a passion born from the first veteran he ever knew, his father, Harry Specter, who was wounded in World War I. As a former chairman of the Veterans Committee, he pushed for just treatment for veterans and increased benefits. Working closely with the Secretary of Veterans Affairs, Senator Specter oversaw the opening of four new veterans outpatient clinics in Fayette, Northampton, Venango, and Warren Counties and passed legislation to create a new veterans cemetery in Southeastern Pennsylvania. A frequent visitor to all of Pennsylvania's 67 counties, Senator Specter places constituent service high on his priorities and has been instrumental on the Appropriations Committee in promoting Pennsylvania's interests in agriculture, high-technology, steel, coal, tourism, mass transit, highways, and military installations. In addition to tackling the major legislative business before the Senate, Senator Specter also engaged in a personal battle with Stage IV-B Hodgkin's lymphoma cancer in 2005 and 2008. In both cases he underwent nearly 5 months of chemotherapy, but still maintained all of his senatorial duties, including chairing hearings, voting, and brokering important legislative initiatives. In July 2008, Senator Specter received his last chemotherapy treatment and has since received a clean bill of health. Senator Specter was born to immigrant parents in Wichita, KS, and grew up in the small town of Russell, KS. He is a Phi Beta Kappa graduate of the University of Pennsylvania and served as an editor of the Yale Law Journal. He began his career in public service as an assistant Philadelphia district attorney. While serving in that position, he was named assistant counsel on the Warren Commission investigation into President Kennedy's assassination. Two years later, Senator Specter was elected district attorney of Philadelphia at the age of 35. Senator Specter lives in Philadelphia with his wife Joan. They have two sons, Shanin and Steve, and four grandchildren, Silvi, Perri, Lilli, and Hatti. Farewell to the Senate Tuesday, December 21, 2010 Mr. SPECTER. Madam President, this is not a farewell address but, rather, a closing argument to a jury of my colleagues and the American people outlining my views on how the Senate and, with it, the Federal Government arrived at its current condition of partisan gridlock, and my suggestions on where we go from here on that pressing problem and the key issues of national and international importance. To make a final floor statement is a challenge. The Washington Post noted the poor attendance at my colleagues' farewell speeches earlier this month. That is really not surprising since there is hardly anyone ever on the Senate floor. The days of lively debate with many Members on the floor are long gone. Abuse of the Senate rules has pretty much stripped Senators of the right to offer amendments. The modern filibuster requires only a threat and no talking. So the Senate's activity for more than a decade has been the virtual continuous drone of a quorum call. But that is not the way it was when Senator Chris Dodd and I were privileged to enter the world's greatest deliberative body 30 years ago. Senators on both sides of the aisle engaged in collegial debate and found ways to find common ground on the Nation's pressing problems. When I attended my first Republican moderates luncheon, I met Mark Hatfield, John Chafee, Ted Stevens, Mac Mathias, Bob Stafford, Bob Packwood, Chuck Percy, Bill Cohen, Warren Rudman, Alan Simpson, Jack Danforth, John Warner, Nancy Kassebaum, Slade Gorton, and I found my colleague John Heinz there. That is a far cry from later years when the moderates could fit into a telephone booth. On the other side of the aisle, I found many Democratic Senators willing to move to the center to craft legislation Date(s) Held: 2010-12-21, 2010-11-30, 2010-12-08, 2010-12-10, 2010-12-15, 2010-12-16, 2010-12-19, 2010-12-21, 2010-12-22 111th Congress, 2nd Session GPO Document Source: CHRG-111shrg64816 Superintendents of Documents ID: Y 4.AP 6/2 Related Items:
“TRIBUTES TO HON. ARLEN SPECTER Arlen Specter U.S. SENATOR FROM PENNSYLVANIA TRIBUTES IN THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TONGRESS.#15 Arlen Specter ? Tributes Delivered In Congress Arlen Specter United States Senator 1981-2011 A ? Compiled Under The Direction Of The Joint Committee On Printing CONTENTS Biography............................................. V Farewell To The Senate................................ Xi Proceedings In The Senate: Tributes By Senators: Akaka, Daniel K., Of Hawaii.................... 12 Alexander, Lamar, Of Tennessee................. 3 Bennet, Michael F., Of Colorado................ 21 Boxer, Barbara, Of California.................. 23 Casey, Robert P., Jr., Of Pennsylvania......... 15, 24 Cochran, Thad, Of Mississippi.................. 19 Conrad, Kent, Of North Dakota.................. 8 Dodd, Christopher J., Of Connecticut........... 11 Durbin, Richard, Of Illinois................... 11, 17 Enzi, Michael B., Of Wyoming................... 9 Harkin, Tom, Of Iowa........................... 22 Hatch, Orrin G., Of Utah....................... 13 Levin, Carl, Of Michigan....................... 5 Murkowski, Lisa, Of Alaska..................... 26 Reed, Jack, Of Rhode Island.................... 5 Reid, Harry, Of Nevada......................... 5, 7 Sessions, Jeff, Of Alabama..................... 20 Udall, Mark, Of Colorado....................... 22 Warner, Mark R., Of Virginia................... 5 BIOGRAPHY Since First Elected In 1980, Arlen Specter Has Brought Rugged Individualism And Fierce Independence Learned From His Youth On The Kansas Plains To Become A Leading Senate Moderate. His Work As Philadelphia's Tough District Attorney Gave Him Insights To Write The Terrorist Prosecution Act, The Armed Career Criminal Act, And Coauthor The Second Chance Act. His Legal Background And Experience In Constitutional Law Provided The Skills To Serve As Judiciary Chairman During The Confirmation Hearings Of Chief Justice Roberts And Justice Alito. In Earlier Confirmation Hearings He Had The Courage To Cross Party Lines In Opposing Judge Bork And Disagreeing With Conventional Wisdom In Supporting Justice Thomas After Dissecting The Contradictory And Highly Charged Testimony. As A Consummate Legislator, He Has Counseled Compromise And Conciliation In A Congress That Has Established New Records For Partisan Discord. In Foreign Affairs, He Has Advocated Dialogue And Accommodation As An Antidote To Belligerency And Saber Rattling. Arlen Specter's Five Terms Have Made Him The Longest Serving U.S. Senator In Pennsylvania's History. A Voice Of Reason, His Independence And Balance Have Won Endorsements From The AFL-CIO And High Marks From The U.S. Chamber Of Commerce, The National Association Of Manufacturers, And The Americans For Tax Reform. Time Magazine Listed Him Among The Ten Best Senators In 2006. Knowlegis Rated Him The Second Most Powerful Senator In 2006 Behind Only Majority Leader Bill Frist. A November 11, 2007 Philadelphia Inquirer Editorial Stated: ''Senator Arlen Specter Has More Clout Than Some Sovereign Nations.'' Senator Specter Attributes His Zeal For Public Service To His Experience As A Child When He Saw The Government Mistreat His Father, Harry Specter, Who Migrated To The United States From Russia In 1911. Private Specter, Serving In World War I In The Infantry, Was Seriously Wounded In Action In France's Argonne Forest. When The Government Broke Its Promise To Pay World War I Veterans A 00 Bonus, The Veterans Marched On Washington. President Hoover Called Out The Army Which Fired On And Killed Veterans On The Mall In One Of The Blackest Days In American History. As A Metaphor, Senator Specter Says He Has Been On His Way To Washington Ever Since To Get His Father's Bonus And Since He Hasn't Gotten It Yet, He's Running For Reelection. The Incident Over His Father's Bonus Has Made Arlen Specter A Fierce Advocate For Veterans' Benefits And The ''little Guy'' In His Battles With The Federal Government. From His Immigrant Parents, Arlen Specter Learned Work Ethics The Hard Way. His Father, Harry Specter, Who Was A Peddler, Took 5-year-old Arlen To Small Kansas Towns Selling Cantaloupes Door To Door With A Small Basket In Hand. In His Dad's Junkyard In Russell, KS, 16-year-old Arlen Specter Cut Down Oil Derricks With An Acetylene Torch And Loaded Scrap Iron Into Rail Freight Cars Headed For The Smelter. His Credentials Include Votes For The Line-item Veto And A Constitutional Amendment For A Balanced Budget. As A Two-term Philadelphia District Attorney, He Fought For Tough Sentences For Tough Criminals And Later, In The Senate, Wrote Groundbreaking Legislation Providing For Life Sentences For Three-time Recidivists On Violent Crimes. Since 1981, He Has Played A Significant Role In Supreme Court Nomination Hearings, For Chief Justice Rehnquist, Justices O'Connor, Scalia, Kennedy, Souter, Thomas, Ginsberg, Breyer, And Judge Bork. Notwithstanding Debilitating Chemotherapy Treatments In 2005, He Stayed On The Job As Chairman Of The Judiciary Committee To Preside Over Historic Supreme Court Confirmation Hearings. His Work On The Judiciary Committee Has Included Writing Significant Legislation On Dealing With Constitutional Law, Civil Rights, And Privacy. As A Senior Member Of The Appropriations Committee, He Led The Fight To Increase Funding For The National Institutes Of Health From 2 Billion To 0 Billion To Expand Medical Research To Find Cures For Cancer, Heart Disease, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, And Other Maladies. He Has Supported Expanding Health Care For Seniors And Children And Has Proposed Legislation To Cover The Almost 50 Million Americans Who Do Not Have Health Insurance. Because Senator Specter Is Keenly Aware Of The Importance Of Understanding The Younger Generation, He Often Visits And Speaks At Universities And High Schools. He Credits His Parents, Both Immigrants, With Emphasizing The Importance Of Education Which Has Enabled His Brother, Two Sisters, And Himself To Share In The American Dream. To Empower Others With Access To Education, He Led The Fight On The Appropriations Subcommittee To Increase Federal Spending By 138 Percent And Raise Funding For Scholarships And Student Loans. Constituent Service And Promoting Pennsylvania's Economic Interests Have Been The Hallmarks Of Senator Specter's Senate Career. He Maintained Offices In Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Harrisburg, Erie, Scranton, Wilkes-Barre, And The Lehigh Valley To Help Residents Of Those Areas Who Needed Assistance To Cut Washington's Redtape. From His Experience As A Teenager Working On A Farm In Kansas, The State Where He Was Born, Senator Specter Has Understood And Worked On The Problems Of Pennsylvania's Farmers From His Position On The Appropriations Subcommittee On Agriculture. He Frequently Argues In The International Trade Commission To Assist The Steel Industry From Being Deluged With Unfair Foreign Imports. His Proposed Legislation, Endorsed By Both Business And Labor, Would Create A Private Right Of Action In Federal Courts To Stop Subsidized Or Dumped Products From Being Imported Into The United States. He Has Supported The Coal Industry By Promoting Legislation For Clean Coal Technology And Securing 00 Million For A Schuylkill County Project To Turn Sludge Into High Octane, Environmentally Safe Gasoline. Recognizing The Long-term Effects Of Global Warming, He Has Cosponsored The Bingaman-Specter Bill To Reduce Harm From Carbon Emissions. As Chairman Of The Intelligence Committee In The 104th Congress And A Member Of The Appropriations Subcommittee On Foreign Operations, Senator Specter Traveled Extensively Meeting With World Leaders Including Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev; French President Francois Mitterrand; Israel's Prime Ministers Menachem Begin, Yitzhak Shamir, Yitzhak Rabin, Shimon Peres, Benjamin Netanyahu, Ehud Barak, Ariel Sharon, And Ehud Olmert; China's President Hu Jintao; Indian Prime Minister Singh; Pakistan's Prime Ministers Benazir Bhutto, Mohammad Zia, And Pervez Musharraf; Jordan's Kings Hussein And Abdullah; And Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak. Strongly Agreeing With Moshe Dayan's Famous Statement That We Make Peace With Our Enemies Not Our Friends, He Has Met With Syria's Presidents Hafez Al-Assad And Bashar Al-Assad; The Palestinian Authority's Chairman Yasser Arafat; Iraq's President Saddam Hussein; Cuba's President Fidel Castro; Libya's Leader Muammar Qadhafi; And Venezuela President Hugo Chavez. From These Meetings And His Studies Of Foreign Affairs Since His Undergraduate Days At The University Of Pennsylvania, Where He Majored In Political Science And International Relations, Senator Specter Has Been A Forceful Advocate For Aggressive Diplomacy To Solve International Conflicts. He Wrote, With Staffer Chris Bradish, An Article For The Washington Quarterly (Winter 2006-2007), Outlining A Blueprint For Diplomatic Initiatives In The Mideast With Emphasis On Bilateral Negotiations With Iran And Syria. Similarly, He Has Urged Bilateral, As Well As Multilateral, Negotiations With North Korea. Early In His Senate Career In 1982, He Was Among The First To Call For A U.S./U.S.S.R. Summit In A Resolution Which Passed The Senate 90 To 8. He Participated Extensively With The Senate Observers At The Geneva Arms Reduction Talks In The 1980s And Led The Fight For The Broad Interpretation Of The ABM Treaty. Senator Specter Consistently Supported Appropriations To Fight Global AIDS And Promoted Worldwide Support For Underdeveloped Countries Including Free Trade Agreements. Arlen Specter Was Elected To The U.S. Senate In 1980 And Served Five Terms. In 2005, Senator Specter Became Pennsylvania's Longest Serving U.S. Senator. He Was A Senior Member Of The Senate Judiciary, Appropriations, And Veterans Affairs Committees. Senator Specter Was A Member Of The Senate Judiciary Committee Since He Came To The Senate. As Such, He Played An Instrumental Role In Many Of The Senate's Most Important Issues, Including The Confirmations Of Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Jr. And Justice Samuel Alito To Serve As Associate Justice On The U.S. Supreme Court. Senator Specter Also Shepherded Through The Judiciary Committee Legislation On Asbestos Litigation Reform To Absolve What The Supreme Court Once Called An ''elephantine Mass'' Clogging Our Judicial System. Senator Specter Has Worked In A Bipartisan Fashion To Reauthorize Key Provisions Of The USA PATRIOT Act, An Important Tool In The U.S. War On Terror. He Has Also Authored Legislation To Help Consumers Better Protect The Privacy Of Their Personal Information In The Face Of Recurrent Data Security Breaches Across The Country. On The Judiciary Committee, Senator Specter Built On His Foundation As A Lawyer And Former District Attorney. He Was The Author Of The Armed Career Criminal Act, Which Has Been Praised For Its Long Prison Terms For Repeat Offenders, And The Terrorist Prosecution Act, Which Authorizes Criminal Actions In U.S. Courts For Assaulting, Maiming, Or Murdering Americans Anywhere In The World. As A Senior Member Of The Appropriations Committee, Senator Specter Was Chairman Of The Senate Appropriations Subcommittee On Labor, Health And Human Services, And Education. This Subcommittee Oversees Federal Funding For The National Institutes Of Health (NIH), The Centers For Disease Control, Educational Programs Like Head Start, Pell Grants, And GEAR-UP, And Worker Safety Programs. Under His Leadership, Funding For Education Has Increased By More Than 130 Percent. Senator Specter Was Also Instrumental In Doubling The Budget For NIH, Which Has Made Major Advances In Curing Parkinson's, Cancer, Heart Disease, And Delaying The Onset Of Alzheimer's. Finally, Senator Specter Is A Strong Proponent Of Stem Cell Research For The Purposes Of Discovering Knowledge That May Lead To Cures For These Same Ailments. Strengthening Our Nation's Security Has Been A Longstanding Priority Of Senator Specter's. Thirty Days After The Terrorist Attacks Of September 11, 2001, Senator Specter Drafted The Legislation That Established The Department Of Homeland Security. While Serving As Chairman Of The Senate Intelligence Committee In The 104th Congress, He Authored The Bill Creating The Inspector General Of The Central Intelligence Agency, Marking The Only Reform Legislation To Emerge From The Iran-Contra Affair. Senator Specter Continues His Strong Advocacy For Veterans, A Passion Born From The First Veteran He Ever Knew, His Father, Harry Specter, Who Was Wounded In World War I. As A Former Chairman Of The Veterans Committee, He Pushed For Just Treatment For Veterans And Increased Benefits. Working Closely With The Secretary Of Veterans Affairs, Senator Specter Oversaw The Opening Of Four New Veterans Outpatient Clinics In Fayette, Northampton, Venango, And Warren Counties And Passed Legislation To Create A New Veterans Cemetery In Southeastern Pennsylvania. A Frequent Visitor To All Of Pennsylvania's 67 Counties, Senator Specter Places Constituent Service High On His Priorities And Has Been Instrumental On The Appropriations Committee In Promoting Pennsylvania's Interests In Agriculture, High-technology, Steel, Coal, Tourism, Mass Transit, Highways, And Military Installations. In Addition To Tackling The Major Legislative Business Before The Senate, Senator Specter Also Engaged In A Personal Battle With Stage IV-B Hodgkin's Lymphoma Cancer In 2005 And 2008. In Both Cases He Underwent Nearly 5 Months Of Chemotherapy, But Still Maintained All Of His Senatorial Duties, Including Chairing Hearings, Voting, And Brokering Important Legislative Initiatives. In July 2008, Senator Specter Received His Last Chemotherapy Treatment And Has Since Received A Clean Bill Of Health. Senator Specter Was Born To Immigrant Parents In Wichita, KS, And Grew Up In The Small Town Of Russell, KS. He Is A Phi Beta Kappa Graduate Of The University Of Pennsylvania And Served As An Editor Of The Yale Law Journal. He Began His Career In Public Service As An Assistant Philadelphia District Attorney. While Serving In That Position, He Was Named Assistant Counsel On The Warren Commission Investigation Into President Kennedy's Assassination. Two Years Later, Senator Specter Was Elected District Attorney Of Philadelphia At The Age Of 35. Senator Specter Lives In Philadelphia With His Wife Joan. They Have Two Sons, Shanin And Steve, And Four Grandchildren, Silvi, Perri, Lilli, And Hatti. Farewell To The Senate Tuesday, December 21, 2010 Mr. SPECTER. Madam President, This Is Not A Farewell Address But, Rather, A Closing Argument To A Jury Of My Colleagues And The American People Outlining My Views On How The Senate And, With It, The Federal Government Arrived At Its Current Condition Of Partisan Gridlock, And My Suggestions On Where We Go From Here On That Pressing Problem And The Key Issues Of National And International Importance. To Make A Final Floor Statement Is A Challenge. The Washington Post Noted The Poor Attendance At My Colleagues' Farewell Speeches Earlier This Month. That Is Really Not Surprising Since There Is Hardly Anyone Ever On The Senate Floor. The Days Of Lively Debate With Many Members On The Floor Are Long Gone. Abuse Of The Senate Rules Has Pretty Much Stripped Senators Of The Right To Offer Amendments. The Modern Filibuster Requires Only A Threat And No Talking. So The Senate's Activity For More Than A Decade Has Been The Virtual Continuous Drone Of A Quorum Call. But That Is Not The Way It Was When Senator Chris Dodd And I Were Privileged To Enter The World's Greatest Deliberative Body 30 Years Ago. Senators On Both Sides Of The Aisle Engaged In Collegial Debate And Found Ways To Find Common Ground On The Nation's Pressing Problems. When I Attended My First Republican Moderates Luncheon, I Met Mark Hatfield, John Chafee, Ted Stevens, Mac Mathias, Bob Stafford, Bob Packwood, Chuck Percy, Bill Cohen, Warren Rudman, Alan Simpson, Jack Danforth, John Warner, Nancy Kassebaum, Slade Gorton, And I Found My Colleague John Heinz There. That Is A Far Cry From Later Years When The Moderates Could Fit Into A Telephone Booth. On The Other Side Of The Aisle, I Found Many Democratic Senators Willing To Move To The Center To Craft Legislation” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ TRIBUTES TO HON. ARLEN SPECTER Arlen Specter U.S. SENATOR FROM PENNSYLVANIA TRIBUTES IN THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TONGRESS.#15 Arlen Specter ? Tributes Delivered In Congress Arlen Specter United States Senator 1981-2011 A ? Compiled Under The Direction Of The Joint Committee On Printing CONTENTS Biography............................................. V Farewell To The Senate................................ Xi Proceedings In The Senate: Tributes By Senators: Akaka, Daniel K., Of Hawaii.................... 12 Alexander, Lamar, Of Tennessee................. 3 Bennet, Michael F., Of Colorado................ 21 Boxer, Barbara, Of California.................. 23 Casey, Robert P., Jr., Of Pennsylvania......... 15, 24 Cochran, Thad, Of Mississippi.................. 19 Conrad, Kent, Of North Dakota.................. 8 Dodd, Christopher J., Of Connecticut........... 11 Durbin, Richard, Of Illinois................... 11, 17 Enzi, Michael B., Of Wyoming................... 9 Harkin, Tom, Of Iowa........................... 22 Hatch, Orrin G., Of Utah....................... 13 Levin, Carl, Of Michigan....................... 5 Murkowski, Lisa, Of Alaska..................... 26 Reed, Jack, Of Rhode Island.................... 5 Reid, Harry, Of Nevada......................... 5, 7 Sessions, Jeff, Of Alabama..................... 20 Udall, Mark, Of Colorado....................... 22 Warner, Mark R., Of Virginia................... 5 BIOGRAPHY Since First Elected In 1980, Arlen Specter Has Brought Rugged Individualism And Fierce Independence Learned From His Youth On The Kansas Plains To Become A Leading Senate Moderate. His Work As Philadelphia's Tough District Attorney Gave Him Insights To Write The Terrorist Prosecution Act, The Armed Career Criminal Act, And Coauthor The Second Chance Act. His Legal Background And Experience In Constitutional Law Provided The Skills To Serve As Judiciary Chairman During The Confirmation Hearings Of Chief Justice Roberts And Justice Alito. In Earlier Confirmation Hearings He Had The Courage To Cross Party Lines In Opposing Judge Bork And Disagreeing With Conventional Wisdom In Supporting Justice Thomas After Dissecting The Contradictory And Highly Charged Testimony. As A Consummate Legislator, He Has Counseled Compromise And Conciliation In A Congress That Has Established New Records For Partisan Discord. In Foreign Affairs, He Has Advocated Dialogue And Accommodation As An Antidote To Belligerency And Saber Rattling. Arlen Specter's Five Terms Have Made Him The Longest Serving U.S. Senator In Pennsylvania's History. A Voice Of Reason, His Independence And Balance Have Won Endorsements From The AFL-CIO And High Marks From The U.S. Chamber Of Commerce, The National Association Of Manufacturers, And The Americans For Tax Reform. Time Magazine Listed Him Among The Ten Best Senators In 2006. Knowlegis Rated Him The Second Most Powerful Senator In 2006 Behind Only Majority Leader Bill Frist. A November 11, 2007 Philadelphia Inquirer Editorial Stated: ''Senator Arlen Specter Has More Clout Than Some Sovereign Nations.'' Senator Specter Attributes His Zeal For Public Service To His Experience As A Child When He Saw The Government Mistreat His Father, Harry Specter, Who Migrated To The United States From Russia In 1911. Private Specter, Serving In World War I In The Infantry, Was Seriously Wounded In Action In France's Argonne Forest. When The Government Broke Its Promise To Pay World War I Veterans A 00 Bonus, The Veterans Marched On Washington. President Hoover Called Out The Army Which Fired On And Killed Veterans On The Mall In One Of The Blackest Days In American History. As A Metaphor, Senator Specter Says He Has Been On His Way To Washington Ever Since To Get His Father's Bonus And Since He Hasn't Gotten It Yet, He's Running For Reelection. The Incident Over His Father's Bonus Has Made Arlen Specter A Fierce Advocate For Veterans' Benefits And The ''little Guy'' In His Battles With The Federal Government. From His Immigrant Parents, Arlen Specter Learned Work Ethics The Hard Way. His Father, Harry Specter, Who Was A Peddler, Took 5-year-old Arlen To Small Kansas Towns Selling Cantaloupes Door To Door With A Small Basket In Hand. In His Dad's Junkyard In Russell, KS, 16-year-old Arlen Specter Cut Down Oil Derricks With An Acetylene Torch And Loaded Scrap Iron Into Rail Freight Cars Headed For The Smelter. His Credentials Include Votes For The Line-item Veto And A Constitutional Amendment For A Balanced Budget. As A Two-term Philadelphia District Attorney, He Fought For Tough Sentences For Tough Criminals And Later, In The Senate, Wrote Groundbreaking Legislation Providing For Life Sentences For Three-time Recidivists On Violent Crimes. Since 1981, He Has Played A Significant Role In Supreme Court Nomination Hearings, For Chief Justice Rehnquist, Justices O'Connor, Scalia, Kennedy, Souter, Thomas, Ginsberg, Breyer, And Judge Bork. Notwithstanding Debilitating Chemotherapy Treatments In 2005, He Stayed On The Job As Chairman Of The Judiciary Committee To Preside Over Historic Supreme Court Confirmation Hearings. His Work On The Judiciary Committee Has Included Writing Significant Legislation On Dealing With Constitutional Law, Civil Rights, And Privacy. As A Senior Member Of The Appropriations Committee, He Led The Fight To Increase Funding For The National Institutes Of Health From 2 Billion To 0 Billion To Expand Medical Research To Find Cures For Cancer, Heart Disease, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, And Other Maladies. He Has Supported Expanding Health Care For Seniors And Children And Has Proposed Legislation To Cover The Almost 50 Million Americans Who Do Not Have Health Insurance. Because Senator Specter Is Keenly Aware Of The Importance Of Understanding The Younger Generation, He Often Visits And Speaks At Universities And High Schools. He Credits His Parents, Both Immigrants, With Emphasizing The Importance Of Education Which Has Enabled His Brother, Two Sisters, And Himself To Share In The American Dream. To Empower Others With Access To Education, He Led The Fight On The Appropriations Subcommittee To Increase Federal Spending By 138 Percent And Raise Funding For Scholarships And Student Loans. Constituent Service And Promoting Pennsylvania's Economic Interests Have Been The Hallmarks Of Senator Specter's Senate Career. He Maintained Offices In Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Harrisburg, Erie, Scranton, Wilkes-Barre, And The Lehigh Valley To Help Residents Of Those Areas Who Needed Assistance To Cut Washington's Redtape. From His Experience As A Teenager Working On A Farm In Kansas, The State Where He Was Born, Senator Specter Has Understood And Worked On The Problems Of Pennsylvania's Farmers From His Position On The Appropriations Subcommittee On Agriculture. He Frequently Argues In The International Trade Commission To Assist The Steel Industry From Being Deluged With Unfair Foreign Imports. His Proposed Legislation, Endorsed By Both Business And Labor, Would Create A Private Right Of Action In Federal Courts To Stop Subsidized Or Dumped Products From Being Imported Into The United States. He Has Supported The Coal Industry By Promoting Legislation For Clean Coal Technology And Securing 00 Million For A Schuylkill County Project To Turn Sludge Into High Octane, Environmentally Safe Gasoline. Recognizing The Long-term Effects Of Global Warming, He Has Cosponsored The Bingaman-Specter Bill To Reduce Harm From Carbon Emissions. As Chairman Of The Intelligence Committee In The 104th Congress And A Member Of The Appropriations Subcommittee On Foreign Operations, Senator Specter Traveled Extensively Meeting With World Leaders Including Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev; French President Francois Mitterrand; Israel's Prime Ministers Menachem Begin, Yitzhak Shamir, Yitzhak Rabin, Shimon Peres, Benjamin Netanyahu, Ehud Barak, Ariel Sharon, And Ehud Olmert; China's President Hu Jintao; Indian Prime Minister Singh; Pakistan's Prime Ministers Benazir Bhutto, Mohammad Zia, And Pervez Musharraf; Jordan's Kings Hussein And Abdullah; And Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak. Strongly Agreeing With Moshe Dayan's Famous Statement That We Make Peace With Our Enemies Not Our Friends, He Has Met With Syria's Presidents Hafez Al-Assad And Bashar Al-Assad; The Palestinian Authority's Chairman Yasser Arafat; Iraq's President Saddam Hussein; Cuba's President Fidel Castro; Libya's Leader Muammar Qadhafi; And Venezuela President Hugo Chavez. From These Meetings And His Studies Of Foreign Affairs Since His Undergraduate Days At The University Of Pennsylvania, Where He Majored In Political Science And International Relations, Senator Specter Has Been A Forceful Advocate For Aggressive Diplomacy To Solve International Conflicts. He Wrote, With Staffer Chris Bradish, An Article For The Washington Quarterly (Winter 2006-2007), Outlining A Blueprint For Diplomatic Initiatives In The Mideast With Emphasis On Bilateral Negotiations With Iran And Syria. Similarly, He Has Urged Bilateral, As Well As Multilateral, Negotiations With North Korea. Early In His Senate Career In 1982, He Was Among The First To Call For A U.S./U.S.S.R. Summit In A Resolution Which Passed The Senate 90 To 8. He Participated Extensively With The Senate Observers At The Geneva Arms Reduction Talks In The 1980s And Led The Fight For The Broad Interpretation Of The ABM Treaty. Senator Specter Consistently Supported Appropriations To Fight Global AIDS And Promoted Worldwide Support For Underdeveloped Countries Including Free Trade Agreements. Arlen Specter Was Elected To The U.S. Senate In 1980 And Served Five Terms. In 2005, Senator Specter Became Pennsylvania's Longest Serving U.S. Senator. He Was A Senior Member Of The Senate Judiciary, Appropriations, And Veterans Affairs Committees. Senator Specter Was A Member Of The Senate Judiciary Committee Since He Came To The Senate. As Such, He Played An Instrumental Role In Many Of The Senate's Most Important Issues, Including The Confirmations Of Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Jr. And Justice Samuel Alito To Serve As Associate Justice On The U.S. Supreme Court. Senator Specter Also Shepherded Through The Judiciary Committee Legislation On Asbestos Litigation Reform To Absolve What The Supreme Court Once Called An ''elephantine Mass'' Clogging Our Judicial System. Senator Specter Has Worked In A Bipartisan Fashion To Reauthorize Key Provisions Of The USA PATRIOT Act, An Important Tool In The U.S. War On Terror. He Has Also Authored Legislation To Help Consumers Better Protect The Privacy Of Their Personal Information In The Face Of Recurrent Data Security Breaches Across The Country. On The Judiciary Committee, Senator Specter Built On His Foundation As A Lawyer And Former District Attorney. He Was The Author Of The Armed Career Criminal Act, Which Has Been Praised For Its Long Prison Terms For Repeat Offenders, And The Terrorist Prosecution Act, Which Authorizes Criminal Actions In U.S. Courts For Assaulting, Maiming, Or Murdering Americans Anywhere In The World. As A Senior Member Of The Appropriations Committee, Senator Specter Was Chairman Of The Senate Appropriations Subcommittee On Labor, Health And Human Services, And Education. This Subcommittee Oversees Federal Funding For The National Institutes Of Health (NIH), The Centers For Disease Control, Educational Programs Like Head Start, Pell Grants, And GEAR-UP, And Worker Safety Programs. Under His Leadership, Funding For Education Has Increased By More Than 130 Percent. Senator Specter Was Also Instrumental In Doubling The Budget For NIH, Which Has Made Major Advances In Curing Parkinson's, Cancer, Heart Disease, And Delaying The Onset Of Alzheimer's. Finally, Senator Specter Is A Strong Proponent Of Stem Cell Research For The Purposes Of Discovering Knowledge That May Lead To Cures For These Same Ailments. Strengthening Our Nation's Security Has Been A Longstanding Priority Of Senator Specter's. Thirty Days After The Terrorist Attacks Of September 11, 2001, Senator Specter Drafted The Legislation That Established The Department Of Homeland Security. While Serving As Chairman Of The Senate Intelligence Committee In The 104th Congress, He Authored The Bill Creating The Inspector General Of The Central Intelligence Agency, Marking The Only Reform Legislation To Emerge From The Iran-Contra Affair. Senator Specter Continues His Strong Advocacy For Veterans, A Passion Born From The First Veteran He Ever Knew, His Father, Harry Specter, Who Was Wounded In World War I. As A Former Chairman Of The Veterans Committee, He Pushed For Just Treatment For Veterans And Increased Benefits. Working Closely With The Secretary Of Veterans Affairs, Senator Specter Oversaw The Opening Of Four New Veterans Outpatient Clinics In Fayette, Northampton, Venango, And Warren Counties And Passed Legislation To Create A New Veterans Cemetery In Southeastern Pennsylvania. A Frequent Visitor To All Of Pennsylvania's 67 Counties, Senator Specter Places Constituent Service High On His Priorities And Has Been Instrumental On The Appropriations Committee In Promoting Pennsylvania's Interests In Agriculture, High-technology, Steel, Coal, Tourism, Mass Transit, Highways, And Military Installations. In Addition To Tackling The Major Legislative Business Before The Senate, Senator Specter Also Engaged In A Personal Battle With Stage IV-B Hodgkin's Lymphoma Cancer In 2005 And 2008. In Both Cases He Underwent Nearly 5 Months Of Chemotherapy, But Still Maintained All Of His Senatorial Duties, Including Chairing Hearings, Voting, And Brokering Important Legislative Initiatives. In July 2008, Senator Specter Received His Last Chemotherapy Treatment And Has Since Received A Clean Bill Of Health. Senator Specter Was Born To Immigrant Parents In Wichita, KS, And Grew Up In The Small Town Of Russell, KS. He Is A Phi Beta Kappa Graduate Of The University Of Pennsylvania And Served As An Editor Of The Yale Law Journal. He Began His Career In Public Service As An Assistant Philadelphia District Attorney. While Serving In That Position, He Was Named Assistant Counsel On The Warren Commission Investigation Into President Kennedy's Assassination. Two Years Later, Senator Specter Was Elected District Attorney Of Philadelphia At The Age Of 35. Senator Specter Lives In Philadelphia With His Wife Joan. They Have Two Sons, Shanin And Steve, And Four Grandchildren, Silvi, Perri, Lilli, And Hatti. Farewell To The Senate Tuesday, December 21, 2010 Mr. SPECTER. Madam President, This Is Not A Farewell Address But, Rather, A Closing Argument To A Jury Of My Colleagues And The American People Outlining My Views On How The Senate And, With It, The Federal Government Arrived At Its Current Condition Of Partisan Gridlock, And My Suggestions On Where We Go From Here On That Pressing Problem And The Key Issues Of National And International Importance. To Make A Final Floor Statement Is A Challenge. The Washington Post Noted The Poor Attendance At My Colleagues' Farewell Speeches Earlier This Month. That Is Really Not Surprising Since There Is Hardly Anyone Ever On The Senate Floor. The Days Of Lively Debate With Many Members On The Floor Are Long Gone. Abuse Of The Senate Rules Has Pretty Much Stripped Senators Of The Right To Offer Amendments. The Modern Filibuster Requires Only A Threat And No Talking. So The Senate's Activity For More Than A Decade Has Been The Virtual Continuous Drone Of A Quorum Call. But That Is Not The Way It Was When Senator Chris Dodd And I Were Privileged To Enter The World's Greatest Deliberative Body 30 Years Ago. Senators On Both Sides Of The Aisle Engaged In Collegial Debate And Found Ways To Find Common Ground On The Nation's Pressing Problems. When I Attended My First Republican Moderates Luncheon, I Met Mark Hatfield, John Chafee, Ted Stevens, Mac Mathias, Bob Stafford, Bob Packwood, Chuck Percy, Bill Cohen, Warren Rudman, Alan Simpson, Jack Danforth, John Warner, Nancy Kassebaum, Slade Gorton, And I Found My Colleague John Heinz There. That Is A Far Cry From Later Years When The Moderates Could Fit Into A Telephone Booth. On The Other Side Of The Aisle, I Found Many Democratic Senators Willing To Move To The Center To Craft Legislation
- Author: Committee on Appropriations
- Language: English
“TRIBUTES TO HON. ARLEN SPECTER Arlen Specter U.S. SENATOR FROM PENNSYLVANIA TRIBUTES IN THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TONGRESS.#15 Arlen Specter ? Tributes Delivered In Congress Arlen Specter United States Senator 1981-2011 A ? Compiled Under The Direction Of The Joint Committee On Printing CONTENTS Biography............................................. V Farewell To The Senate................................ Xi Proceedings In The Senate: Tributes By Senators: Akaka, Daniel K., Of Hawaii.................... 12 Alexander, Lamar, Of Tennessee................. 3 Bennet, Michael F., Of Colorado................ 21 Boxer, Barbara, Of California.................. 23 Casey, Robert P., Jr., Of Pennsylvania......... 15, 24 Cochran, Thad, Of Mississippi.................. 19 Conrad, Kent, Of North Dakota.................. 8 Dodd, Christopher J., Of Connecticut........... 11 Durbin, Richard, Of Illinois................... 11, 17 Enzi, Michael B., Of Wyoming................... 9 Harkin, Tom, Of Iowa........................... 22 Hatch, Orrin G., Of Utah....................... 13 Levin, Carl, Of Michigan....................... 5 Murkowski, Lisa, Of Alaska..................... 26 Reed, Jack, Of Rhode Island.................... 5 Reid, Harry, Of Nevada......................... 5, 7 Sessions, Jeff, Of Alabama..................... 20 Udall, Mark, Of Colorado....................... 22 Warner, Mark R., Of Virginia................... 5 BIOGRAPHY Since First Elected In 1980, Arlen Specter Has Brought Rugged Individualism And Fierce Independence Learned From His Youth On The Kansas Plains To Become A Leading Senate Moderate. His Work As Philadelphia's Tough District Attorney Gave Him Insights To Write The Terrorist Prosecution Act, The Armed Career Criminal Act, And Coauthor The Second Chance Act. His Legal Background And Experience In Constitutional Law Provided The Skills To Serve As Judiciary Chairman During The Confirmation Hearings Of Chief Justice Roberts And Justice Alito. In Earlier Confirmation Hearings He Had The Courage To Cross Party Lines In Opposing Judge Bork And Disagreeing With Conventional Wisdom In Supporting Justice Thomas After Dissecting The Contradictory And Highly Charged Testimony. As A Consummate Legislator, He Has Counseled Compromise And Conciliation In A Congress That Has Established New Records For Partisan Discord. In Foreign Affairs, He Has Advocated Dialogue And Accommodation As An Antidote To Belligerency And Saber Rattling. Arlen Specter's Five Terms Have Made Him The Longest Serving U.S. Senator In Pennsylvania's History. A Voice Of Reason, His Independence And Balance Have Won Endorsements From The AFL-CIO And High Marks From The U.S. Chamber Of Commerce, The National Association Of Manufacturers, And The Americans For Tax Reform. Time Magazine Listed Him Among The Ten Best Senators In 2006. Knowlegis Rated Him The Second Most Powerful Senator In 2006 Behind Only Majority Leader Bill Frist. A November 11, 2007 Philadelphia Inquirer Editorial Stated: ''Senator Arlen Specter Has More Clout Than Some Sovereign Nations.'' Senator Specter Attributes His Zeal For Public Service To His Experience As A Child When He Saw The Government Mistreat His Father, Harry Specter, Who Migrated To The United States From Russia In 1911. Private Specter, Serving In World War I In The Infantry, Was Seriously Wounded In Action In France's Argonne Forest. When The Government Broke Its Promise To Pay World War I Veterans A 00 Bonus, The Veterans Marched On Washington. President Hoover Called Out The Army Which Fired On And Killed Veterans On The Mall In One Of The Blackest Days In American History. As A Metaphor, Senator Specter Says He Has Been On His Way To Washington Ever Since To Get His Father's Bonus And Since He Hasn't Gotten It Yet, He's Running For Reelection. The Incident Over His Father's Bonus Has Made Arlen Specter A Fierce Advocate For Veterans' Benefits And The ''little Guy'' In His Battles With The Federal Government. From His Immigrant Parents, Arlen Specter Learned Work Ethics The Hard Way. His Father, Harry Specter, Who Was A Peddler, Took 5-year-old Arlen To Small Kansas Towns Selling Cantaloupes Door To Door With A Small Basket In Hand. In His Dad's Junkyard In Russell, KS, 16-year-old Arlen Specter Cut Down Oil Derricks With An Acetylene Torch And Loaded Scrap Iron Into Rail Freight Cars Headed For The Smelter. His Credentials Include Votes For The Line-item Veto And A Constitutional Amendment For A Balanced Budget. As A Two-term Philadelphia District Attorney, He Fought For Tough Sentences For Tough Criminals And Later, In The Senate, Wrote Groundbreaking Legislation Providing For Life Sentences For Three-time Recidivists On Violent Crimes. Since 1981, He Has Played A Significant Role In Supreme Court Nomination Hearings, For Chief Justice Rehnquist, Justices O'Connor, Scalia, Kennedy, Souter, Thomas, Ginsberg, Breyer, And Judge Bork. Notwithstanding Debilitating Chemotherapy Treatments In 2005, He Stayed On The Job As Chairman Of The Judiciary Committee To Preside Over Historic Supreme Court Confirmation Hearings. His Work On The Judiciary Committee Has Included Writing Significant Legislation On Dealing With Constitutional Law, Civil Rights, And Privacy. As A Senior Member Of The Appropriations Committee, He Led The Fight To Increase Funding For The National Institutes Of Health From 2 Billion To 0 Billion To Expand Medical Research To Find Cures For Cancer, Heart Disease, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, And Other Maladies. He Has Supported Expanding Health Care For Seniors And Children And Has Proposed Legislation To Cover The Almost 50 Million Americans Who Do Not Have Health Insurance. Because Senator Specter Is Keenly Aware Of The Importance Of Understanding The Younger Generation, He Often Visits And Speaks At Universities And High Schools. He Credits His Parents, Both Immigrants, With Emphasizing The Importance Of Education Which Has Enabled His Brother, Two Sisters, And Himself To Share In The American Dream. To Empower Others With Access To Education, He Led The Fight On The Appropriations Subcommittee To Increase Federal Spending By 138 Percent And Raise Funding For Scholarships And Student Loans. Constituent Service And Promoting Pennsylvania's Economic Interests Have Been The Hallmarks Of Senator Specter's Senate Career. He Maintained Offices In Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Harrisburg, Erie, Scranton, Wilkes-Barre, And The Lehigh Valley To Help Residents Of Those Areas Who Needed Assistance To Cut Washington's Redtape. From His Experience As A Teenager Working On A Farm In Kansas, The State Where He Was Born, Senator Specter Has Understood And Worked On The Problems Of Pennsylvania's Farmers From His Position On The Appropriations Subcommittee On Agriculture. He Frequently Argues In The International Trade Commission To Assist The Steel Industry From Being Deluged With Unfair Foreign Imports. His Proposed Legislation, Endorsed By Both Business And Labor, Would Create A Private Right Of Action In Federal Courts To Stop Subsidized Or Dumped Products From Being Imported Into The United States. He Has Supported The Coal Industry By Promoting Legislation For Clean Coal Technology And Securing 00 Million For A Schuylkill County Project To Turn Sludge Into High Octane, Environmentally Safe Gasoline. Recognizing The Long-term Effects Of Global Warming, He Has Cosponsored The Bingaman-Specter Bill To Reduce Harm From Carbon Emissions. As Chairman Of The Intelligence Committee In The 104th Congress And A Member Of The Appropriations Subcommittee On Foreign Operations, Senator Specter Traveled Extensively Meeting With World Leaders Including Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev; French President Francois Mitterrand; Israel's Prime Ministers Menachem Begin, Yitzhak Shamir, Yitzhak Rabin, Shimon Peres, Benjamin Netanyahu, Ehud Barak, Ariel Sharon, And Ehud Olmert; China's President Hu Jintao; Indian Prime Minister Singh; Pakistan's Prime Ministers Benazir Bhutto, Mohammad Zia, And Pervez Musharraf; Jordan's Kings Hussein And Abdullah; And Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak. Strongly Agreeing With Moshe Dayan's Famous Statement That We Make Peace With Our Enemies Not Our Friends, He Has Met With Syria's Presidents Hafez Al-Assad And Bashar Al-Assad; The Palestinian Authority's Chairman Yasser Arafat; Iraq's President Saddam Hussein; Cuba's President Fidel Castro; Libya's Leader Muammar Qadhafi; And Venezuela President Hugo Chavez. From These Meetings And His Studies Of Foreign Affairs Since His Undergraduate Days At The University Of Pennsylvania, Where He Majored In Political Science And International Relations, Senator Specter Has Been A Forceful Advocate For Aggressive Diplomacy To Solve International Conflicts. He Wrote, With Staffer Chris Bradish, An Article For The Washington Quarterly (Winter 2006-2007), Outlining A Blueprint For Diplomatic Initiatives In The Mideast With Emphasis On Bilateral Negotiations With Iran And Syria. Similarly, He Has Urged Bilateral, As Well As Multilateral, Negotiations With North Korea. Early In His Senate Career In 1982, He Was Among The First To Call For A U.S./U.S.S.R. Summit In A Resolution Which Passed The Senate 90 To 8. He Participated Extensively With The Senate Observers At The Geneva Arms Reduction Talks In The 1980s And Led The Fight For The Broad Interpretation Of The ABM Treaty. Senator Specter Consistently Supported Appropriations To Fight Global AIDS And Promoted Worldwide Support For Underdeveloped Countries Including Free Trade Agreements. Arlen Specter Was Elected To The U.S. Senate In 1980 And Served Five Terms. In 2005, Senator Specter Became Pennsylvania's Longest Serving U.S. Senator. He Was A Senior Member Of The Senate Judiciary, Appropriations, And Veterans Affairs Committees. Senator Specter Was A Member Of The Senate Judiciary Committee Since He Came To The Senate. As Such, He Played An Instrumental Role In Many Of The Senate's Most Important Issues, Including The Confirmations Of Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Jr. And Justice Samuel Alito To Serve As Associate Justice On The U.S. Supreme Court. Senator Specter Also Shepherded Through The Judiciary Committee Legislation On Asbestos Litigation Reform To Absolve What The Supreme Court Once Called An ''elephantine Mass'' Clogging Our Judicial System. Senator Specter Has Worked In A Bipartisan Fashion To Reauthorize Key Provisions Of The USA PATRIOT Act, An Important Tool In The U.S. War On Terror. He Has Also Authored Legislation To Help Consumers Better Protect The Privacy Of Their Personal Information In The Face Of Recurrent Data Security Breaches Across The Country. On The Judiciary Committee, Senator Specter Built On His Foundation As A Lawyer And Former District Attorney. He Was The Author Of The Armed Career Criminal Act, Which Has Been Praised For Its Long Prison Terms For Repeat Offenders, And The Terrorist Prosecution Act, Which Authorizes Criminal Actions In U.S. Courts For Assaulting, Maiming, Or Murdering Americans Anywhere In The World. As A Senior Member Of The Appropriations Committee, Senator Specter Was Chairman Of The Senate Appropriations Subcommittee On Labor, Health And Human Services, And Education. This Subcommittee Oversees Federal Funding For The National Institutes Of Health (NIH), The Centers For Disease Control, Educational Programs Like Head Start, Pell Grants, And GEAR-UP, And Worker Safety Programs. Under His Leadership, Funding For Education Has Increased By More Than 130 Percent. Senator Specter Was Also Instrumental In Doubling The Budget For NIH, Which Has Made Major Advances In Curing Parkinson's, Cancer, Heart Disease, And Delaying The Onset Of Alzheimer's. Finally, Senator Specter Is A Strong Proponent Of Stem Cell Research For The Purposes Of Discovering Knowledge That May Lead To Cures For These Same Ailments. Strengthening Our Nation's Security Has Been A Longstanding Priority Of Senator Specter's. Thirty Days After The Terrorist Attacks Of September 11, 2001, Senator Specter Drafted The Legislation That Established The Department Of Homeland Security. While Serving As Chairman Of The Senate Intelligence Committee In The 104th Congress, He Authored The Bill Creating The Inspector General Of The Central Intelligence Agency, Marking The Only Reform Legislation To Emerge From The Iran-Contra Affair. Senator Specter Continues His Strong Advocacy For Veterans, A Passion Born From The First Veteran He Ever Knew, His Father, Harry Specter, Who Was Wounded In World War I. As A Former Chairman Of The Veterans Committee, He Pushed For Just Treatment For Veterans And Increased Benefits. Working Closely With The Secretary Of Veterans Affairs, Senator Specter Oversaw The Opening Of Four New Veterans Outpatient Clinics In Fayette, Northampton, Venango, And Warren Counties And Passed Legislation To Create A New Veterans Cemetery In Southeastern Pennsylvania. A Frequent Visitor To All Of Pennsylvania's 67 Counties, Senator Specter Places Constituent Service High On His Priorities And Has Been Instrumental On The Appropriations Committee In Promoting Pennsylvania's Interests In Agriculture, High-technology, Steel, Coal, Tourism, Mass Transit, Highways, And Military Installations. In Addition To Tackling The Major Legislative Business Before The Senate, Senator Specter Also Engaged In A Personal Battle With Stage IV-B Hodgkin's Lymphoma Cancer In 2005 And 2008. In Both Cases He Underwent Nearly 5 Months Of Chemotherapy, But Still Maintained All Of His Senatorial Duties, Including Chairing Hearings, Voting, And Brokering Important Legislative Initiatives. In July 2008, Senator Specter Received His Last Chemotherapy Treatment And Has Since Received A Clean Bill Of Health. Senator Specter Was Born To Immigrant Parents In Wichita, KS, And Grew Up In The Small Town Of Russell, KS. He Is A Phi Beta Kappa Graduate Of The University Of Pennsylvania And Served As An Editor Of The Yale Law Journal. He Began His Career In Public Service As An Assistant Philadelphia District Attorney. While Serving In That Position, He Was Named Assistant Counsel On The Warren Commission Investigation Into President Kennedy's Assassination. Two Years Later, Senator Specter Was Elected District Attorney Of Philadelphia At The Age Of 35. Senator Specter Lives In Philadelphia With His Wife Joan. They Have Two Sons, Shanin And Steve, And Four Grandchildren, Silvi, Perri, Lilli, And Hatti. Farewell To The Senate Tuesday, December 21, 2010 Mr. SPECTER. Madam President, This Is Not A Farewell Address But, Rather, A Closing Argument To A Jury Of My Colleagues And The American People Outlining My Views On How The Senate And, With It, The Federal Government Arrived At Its Current Condition Of Partisan Gridlock, And My Suggestions On Where We Go From Here On That Pressing Problem And The Key Issues Of National And International Importance. To Make A Final Floor Statement Is A Challenge. The Washington Post Noted The Poor Attendance At My Colleagues' Farewell Speeches Earlier This Month. That Is Really Not Surprising Since There Is Hardly Anyone Ever On The Senate Floor. The Days Of Lively Debate With Many Members On The Floor Are Long Gone. Abuse Of The Senate Rules Has Pretty Much Stripped Senators Of The Right To Offer Amendments. The Modern Filibuster Requires Only A Threat And No Talking. So The Senate's Activity For More Than A Decade Has Been The Virtual Continuous Drone Of A Quorum Call. But That Is Not The Way It Was When Senator Chris Dodd And I Were Privileged To Enter The World's Greatest Deliberative Body 30 Years Ago. Senators On Both Sides Of The Aisle Engaged In Collegial Debate And Found Ways To Find Common Ground On The Nation's Pressing Problems. When I Attended My First Republican Moderates Luncheon, I Met Mark Hatfield, John Chafee, Ted Stevens, Mac Mathias, Bob Stafford, Bob Packwood, Chuck Percy, Bill Cohen, Warren Rudman, Alan Simpson, Jack Danforth, John Warner, Nancy Kassebaum, Slade Gorton, And I Found My Colleague John Heinz There. That Is A Far Cry From Later Years When The Moderates Could Fit Into A Telephone Booth. On The Other Side Of The Aisle, I Found Many Democratic Senators Willing To Move To The Center To Craft Legislation” Subjects and Themes:
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Find TRIBUTES TO HON. ARLEN SPECTER Arlen Specter U.S. SENATOR FROM PENNSYLVANIA TRIBUTES IN THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TONGRESS.#15 Arlen Specter ? Tributes Delivered In Congress Arlen Specter United States Senator 1981-2011 A ? Compiled Under The Direction Of The Joint Committee On Printing CONTENTS Biography............................................. V Farewell To The Senate................................ Xi Proceedings In The Senate: Tributes By Senators: Akaka, Daniel K., Of Hawaii.................... 12 Alexander, Lamar, Of Tennessee................. 3 Bennet, Michael F., Of Colorado................ 21 Boxer, Barbara, Of California.................. 23 Casey, Robert P., Jr., Of Pennsylvania......... 15, 24 Cochran, Thad, Of Mississippi.................. 19 Conrad, Kent, Of North Dakota.................. 8 Dodd, Christopher J., Of Connecticut........... 11 Durbin, Richard, Of Illinois................... 11, 17 Enzi, Michael B., Of Wyoming................... 9 Harkin, Tom, Of Iowa........................... 22 Hatch, Orrin G., Of Utah....................... 13 Levin, Carl, Of Michigan....................... 5 Murkowski, Lisa, Of Alaska..................... 26 Reed, Jack, Of Rhode Island.................... 5 Reid, Harry, Of Nevada......................... 5, 7 Sessions, Jeff, Of Alabama..................... 20 Udall, Mark, Of Colorado....................... 22 Warner, Mark R., Of Virginia................... 5 BIOGRAPHY Since First Elected In 1980, Arlen Specter Has Brought Rugged Individualism And Fierce Independence Learned From His Youth On The Kansas Plains To Become A Leading Senate Moderate. His Work As Philadelphia's Tough District Attorney Gave Him Insights To Write The Terrorist Prosecution Act, The Armed Career Criminal Act, And Coauthor The Second Chance Act. His Legal Background And Experience In Constitutional Law Provided The Skills To Serve As Judiciary Chairman During The Confirmation Hearings Of Chief Justice Roberts And Justice Alito. In Earlier Confirmation Hearings He Had The Courage To Cross Party Lines In Opposing Judge Bork And Disagreeing With Conventional Wisdom In Supporting Justice Thomas After Dissecting The Contradictory And Highly Charged Testimony. As A Consummate Legislator, He Has Counseled Compromise And Conciliation In A Congress That Has Established New Records For Partisan Discord. In Foreign Affairs, He Has Advocated Dialogue And Accommodation As An Antidote To Belligerency And Saber Rattling. Arlen Specter's Five Terms Have Made Him The Longest Serving U.S. Senator In Pennsylvania's History. A Voice Of Reason, His Independence And Balance Have Won Endorsements From The AFL-CIO And High Marks From The U.S. Chamber Of Commerce, The National Association Of Manufacturers, And The Americans For Tax Reform. Time Magazine Listed Him Among The Ten Best Senators In 2006. Knowlegis Rated Him The Second Most Powerful Senator In 2006 Behind Only Majority Leader Bill Frist. A November 11, 2007 Philadelphia Inquirer Editorial Stated: ''Senator Arlen Specter Has More Clout Than Some Sovereign Nations.'' Senator Specter Attributes His Zeal For Public Service To His Experience As A Child When He Saw The Government Mistreat His Father, Harry Specter, Who Migrated To The United States From Russia In 1911. Private Specter, Serving In World War I In The Infantry, Was Seriously Wounded In Action In France's Argonne Forest. When The Government Broke Its Promise To Pay World War I Veterans A 00 Bonus, The Veterans Marched On Washington. President Hoover Called Out The Army Which Fired On And Killed Veterans On The Mall In One Of The Blackest Days In American History. As A Metaphor, Senator Specter Says He Has Been On His Way To Washington Ever Since To Get His Father's Bonus And Since He Hasn't Gotten It Yet, He's Running For Reelection. The Incident Over His Father's Bonus Has Made Arlen Specter A Fierce Advocate For Veterans' Benefits And The ''little Guy'' In His Battles With The Federal Government. From His Immigrant Parents, Arlen Specter Learned Work Ethics The Hard Way. His Father, Harry Specter, Who Was A Peddler, Took 5-year-old Arlen To Small Kansas Towns Selling Cantaloupes Door To Door With A Small Basket In Hand. In His Dad's Junkyard In Russell, KS, 16-year-old Arlen Specter Cut Down Oil Derricks With An Acetylene Torch And Loaded Scrap Iron Into Rail Freight Cars Headed For The Smelter. His Credentials Include Votes For The Line-item Veto And A Constitutional Amendment For A Balanced Budget. As A Two-term Philadelphia District Attorney, He Fought For Tough Sentences For Tough Criminals And Later, In The Senate, Wrote Groundbreaking Legislation Providing For Life Sentences For Three-time Recidivists On Violent Crimes. Since 1981, He Has Played A Significant Role In Supreme Court Nomination Hearings, For Chief Justice Rehnquist, Justices O'Connor, Scalia, Kennedy, Souter, Thomas, Ginsberg, Breyer, And Judge Bork. Notwithstanding Debilitating Chemotherapy Treatments In 2005, He Stayed On The Job As Chairman Of The Judiciary Committee To Preside Over Historic Supreme Court Confirmation Hearings. His Work On The Judiciary Committee Has Included Writing Significant Legislation On Dealing With Constitutional Law, Civil Rights, And Privacy. As A Senior Member Of The Appropriations Committee, He Led The Fight To Increase Funding For The National Institutes Of Health From 2 Billion To 0 Billion To Expand Medical Research To Find Cures For Cancer, Heart Disease, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, And Other Maladies. He Has Supported Expanding Health Care For Seniors And Children And Has Proposed Legislation To Cover The Almost 50 Million Americans Who Do Not Have Health Insurance. Because Senator Specter Is Keenly Aware Of The Importance Of Understanding The Younger Generation, He Often Visits And Speaks At Universities And High Schools. He Credits His Parents, Both Immigrants, With Emphasizing The Importance Of Education Which Has Enabled His Brother, Two Sisters, And Himself To Share In The American Dream. To Empower Others With Access To Education, He Led The Fight On The Appropriations Subcommittee To Increase Federal Spending By 138 Percent And Raise Funding For Scholarships And Student Loans. Constituent Service And Promoting Pennsylvania's Economic Interests Have Been The Hallmarks Of Senator Specter's Senate Career. He Maintained Offices In Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Harrisburg, Erie, Scranton, Wilkes-Barre, And The Lehigh Valley To Help Residents Of Those Areas Who Needed Assistance To Cut Washington's Redtape. From His Experience As A Teenager Working On A Farm In Kansas, The State Where He Was Born, Senator Specter Has Understood And Worked On The Problems Of Pennsylvania's Farmers From His Position On The Appropriations Subcommittee On Agriculture. He Frequently Argues In The International Trade Commission To Assist The Steel Industry From Being Deluged With Unfair Foreign Imports. His Proposed Legislation, Endorsed By Both Business And Labor, Would Create A Private Right Of Action In Federal Courts To Stop Subsidized Or Dumped Products From Being Imported Into The United States. He Has Supported The Coal Industry By Promoting Legislation For Clean Coal Technology And Securing 00 Million For A Schuylkill County Project To Turn Sludge Into High Octane, Environmentally Safe Gasoline. Recognizing The Long-term Effects Of Global Warming, He Has Cosponsored The Bingaman-Specter Bill To Reduce Harm From Carbon Emissions. As Chairman Of The Intelligence Committee In The 104th Congress And A Member Of The Appropriations Subcommittee On Foreign Operations, Senator Specter Traveled Extensively Meeting With World Leaders Including Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev; French President Francois Mitterrand; Israel's Prime Ministers Menachem Begin, Yitzhak Shamir, Yitzhak Rabin, Shimon Peres, Benjamin Netanyahu, Ehud Barak, Ariel Sharon, And Ehud Olmert; China's President Hu Jintao; Indian Prime Minister Singh; Pakistan's Prime Ministers Benazir Bhutto, Mohammad Zia, And Pervez Musharraf; Jordan's Kings Hussein And Abdullah; And Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak. Strongly Agreeing With Moshe Dayan's Famous Statement That We Make Peace With Our Enemies Not Our Friends, He Has Met With Syria's Presidents Hafez Al-Assad And Bashar Al-Assad; The Palestinian Authority's Chairman Yasser Arafat; Iraq's President Saddam Hussein; Cuba's President Fidel Castro; Libya's Leader Muammar Qadhafi; And Venezuela President Hugo Chavez. From These Meetings And His Studies Of Foreign Affairs Since His Undergraduate Days At The University Of Pennsylvania, Where He Majored In Political Science And International Relations, Senator Specter Has Been A Forceful Advocate For Aggressive Diplomacy To Solve International Conflicts. He Wrote, With Staffer Chris Bradish, An Article For The Washington Quarterly (Winter 2006-2007), Outlining A Blueprint For Diplomatic Initiatives In The Mideast With Emphasis On Bilateral Negotiations With Iran And Syria. Similarly, He Has Urged Bilateral, As Well As Multilateral, Negotiations With North Korea. Early In His Senate Career In 1982, He Was Among The First To Call For A U.S./U.S.S.R. Summit In A Resolution Which Passed The Senate 90 To 8. He Participated Extensively With The Senate Observers At The Geneva Arms Reduction Talks In The 1980s And Led The Fight For The Broad Interpretation Of The ABM Treaty. Senator Specter Consistently Supported Appropriations To Fight Global AIDS And Promoted Worldwide Support For Underdeveloped Countries Including Free Trade Agreements. Arlen Specter Was Elected To The U.S. Senate In 1980 And Served Five Terms. In 2005, Senator Specter Became Pennsylvania's Longest Serving U.S. Senator. He Was A Senior Member Of The Senate Judiciary, Appropriations, And Veterans Affairs Committees. Senator Specter Was A Member Of The Senate Judiciary Committee Since He Came To The Senate. As Such, He Played An Instrumental Role In Many Of The Senate's Most Important Issues, Including The Confirmations Of Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Jr. And Justice Samuel Alito To Serve As Associate Justice On The U.S. Supreme Court. Senator Specter Also Shepherded Through The Judiciary Committee Legislation On Asbestos Litigation Reform To Absolve What The Supreme Court Once Called An ''elephantine Mass'' Clogging Our Judicial System. Senator Specter Has Worked In A Bipartisan Fashion To Reauthorize Key Provisions Of The USA PATRIOT Act, An Important Tool In The U.S. War On Terror. He Has Also Authored Legislation To Help Consumers Better Protect The Privacy Of Their Personal Information In The Face Of Recurrent Data Security Breaches Across The Country. On The Judiciary Committee, Senator Specter Built On His Foundation As A Lawyer And Former District Attorney. He Was The Author Of The Armed Career Criminal Act, Which Has Been Praised For Its Long Prison Terms For Repeat Offenders, And The Terrorist Prosecution Act, Which Authorizes Criminal Actions In U.S. Courts For Assaulting, Maiming, Or Murdering Americans Anywhere In The World. As A Senior Member Of The Appropriations Committee, Senator Specter Was Chairman Of The Senate Appropriations Subcommittee On Labor, Health And Human Services, And Education. This Subcommittee Oversees Federal Funding For The National Institutes Of Health (NIH), The Centers For Disease Control, Educational Programs Like Head Start, Pell Grants, And GEAR-UP, And Worker Safety Programs. Under His Leadership, Funding For Education Has Increased By More Than 130 Percent. Senator Specter Was Also Instrumental In Doubling The Budget For NIH, Which Has Made Major Advances In Curing Parkinson's, Cancer, Heart Disease, And Delaying The Onset Of Alzheimer's. Finally, Senator Specter Is A Strong Proponent Of Stem Cell Research For The Purposes Of Discovering Knowledge That May Lead To Cures For These Same Ailments. Strengthening Our Nation's Security Has Been A Longstanding Priority Of Senator Specter's. Thirty Days After The Terrorist Attacks Of September 11, 2001, Senator Specter Drafted The Legislation That Established The Department Of Homeland Security. While Serving As Chairman Of The Senate Intelligence Committee In The 104th Congress, He Authored The Bill Creating The Inspector General Of The Central Intelligence Agency, Marking The Only Reform Legislation To Emerge From The Iran-Contra Affair. Senator Specter Continues His Strong Advocacy For Veterans, A Passion Born From The First Veteran He Ever Knew, His Father, Harry Specter, Who Was Wounded In World War I. As A Former Chairman Of The Veterans Committee, He Pushed For Just Treatment For Veterans And Increased Benefits. Working Closely With The Secretary Of Veterans Affairs, Senator Specter Oversaw The Opening Of Four New Veterans Outpatient Clinics In Fayette, Northampton, Venango, And Warren Counties And Passed Legislation To Create A New Veterans Cemetery In Southeastern Pennsylvania. A Frequent Visitor To All Of Pennsylvania's 67 Counties, Senator Specter Places Constituent Service High On His Priorities And Has Been Instrumental On The Appropriations Committee In Promoting Pennsylvania's Interests In Agriculture, High-technology, Steel, Coal, Tourism, Mass Transit, Highways, And Military Installations. In Addition To Tackling The Major Legislative Business Before The Senate, Senator Specter Also Engaged In A Personal Battle With Stage IV-B Hodgkin's Lymphoma Cancer In 2005 And 2008. In Both Cases He Underwent Nearly 5 Months Of Chemotherapy, But Still Maintained All Of His Senatorial Duties, Including Chairing Hearings, Voting, And Brokering Important Legislative Initiatives. In July 2008, Senator Specter Received His Last Chemotherapy Treatment And Has Since Received A Clean Bill Of Health. Senator Specter Was Born To Immigrant Parents In Wichita, KS, And Grew Up In The Small Town Of Russell, KS. He Is A Phi Beta Kappa Graduate Of The University Of Pennsylvania And Served As An Editor Of The Yale Law Journal. He Began His Career In Public Service As An Assistant Philadelphia District Attorney. While Serving In That Position, He Was Named Assistant Counsel On The Warren Commission Investigation Into President Kennedy's Assassination. Two Years Later, Senator Specter Was Elected District Attorney Of Philadelphia At The Age Of 35. Senator Specter Lives In Philadelphia With His Wife Joan. They Have Two Sons, Shanin And Steve, And Four Grandchildren, Silvi, Perri, Lilli, And Hatti. Farewell To The Senate Tuesday, December 21, 2010 Mr. SPECTER. Madam President, This Is Not A Farewell Address But, Rather, A Closing Argument To A Jury Of My Colleagues And The American People Outlining My Views On How The Senate And, With It, The Federal Government Arrived At Its Current Condition Of Partisan Gridlock, And My Suggestions On Where We Go From Here On That Pressing Problem And The Key Issues Of National And International Importance. To Make A Final Floor Statement Is A Challenge. The Washington Post Noted The Poor Attendance At My Colleagues' Farewell Speeches Earlier This Month. That Is Really Not Surprising Since There Is Hardly Anyone Ever On The Senate Floor. The Days Of Lively Debate With Many Members On The Floor Are Long Gone. Abuse Of The Senate Rules Has Pretty Much Stripped Senators Of The Right To Offer Amendments. The Modern Filibuster Requires Only A Threat And No Talking. So The Senate's Activity For More Than A Decade Has Been The Virtual Continuous Drone Of A Quorum Call. But That Is Not The Way It Was When Senator Chris Dodd And I Were Privileged To Enter The World's Greatest Deliberative Body 30 Years Ago. Senators On Both Sides Of The Aisle Engaged In Collegial Debate And Found Ways To Find Common Ground On The Nation's Pressing Problems. When I Attended My First Republican Moderates Luncheon, I Met Mark Hatfield, John Chafee, Ted Stevens, Mac Mathias, Bob Stafford, Bob Packwood, Chuck Percy, Bill Cohen, Warren Rudman, Alan Simpson, Jack Danforth, John Warner, Nancy Kassebaum, Slade Gorton, And I Found My Colleague John Heinz There. That Is A Far Cry From Later Years When The Moderates Could Fit Into A Telephone Booth. On The Other Side Of The Aisle, I Found Many Democratic Senators Willing To Move To The Center To Craft Legislation at online marketplaces:
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6The Age Of Access : The New Culture Of Hypercapitalism, Where All Of Life Is A Paid-for Experience
By Rifkin, Jeremy
Government Publishing Office U.S. Congress Senate Committee on Appropriations TRIBUTES TO HON. ARLEN SPECTER Arlen Specter U.S. SENATOR FROM PENNSYLVANIA TRIBUTES IN THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TONGRESS.#15 Arlen Specter ? Tributes Delivered in Congress Arlen Specter United States Senator 1981-2011 a ? Compiled under the direction of the Joint Committee on Printing CONTENTS Biography............................................. v Farewell to the Senate................................ xi Proceedings in the Senate: Tributes by Senators: Akaka, Daniel K., of Hawaii.................... 12 Alexander, Lamar, of Tennessee................. 3 Bennet, Michael F., of Colorado................ 21 Boxer, Barbara, of California.................. 23 Casey, Robert P., Jr., of Pennsylvania......... 15, 24 Cochran, Thad, of Mississippi.................. 19 Conrad, Kent, of North Dakota.................. 8 Dodd, Christopher J., of Connecticut........... 11 Durbin, Richard, of Illinois................... 11, 17 Enzi, Michael B., of Wyoming................... 9 Harkin, Tom, of Iowa........................... 22 Hatch, Orrin G., of Utah....................... 13 Levin, Carl, of Michigan....................... 5 Murkowski, Lisa, of Alaska..................... 26 Reed, Jack, of Rhode Island.................... 5 Reid, Harry, of Nevada......................... 5, 7 Sessions, Jeff, of Alabama..................... 20 Udall, Mark, of Colorado....................... 22 Warner, Mark R., of Virginia................... 5 BIOGRAPHY Since first elected in 1980, Arlen Specter has brought rugged individualism and fierce independence learned from his youth on the Kansas plains to become a leading Senate moderate. His work as Philadelphia's tough district attorney gave him insights to write the Terrorist Prosecution Act, the Armed Career Criminal Act, and coauthor the Second Chance Act. His legal background and experience in constitutional law provided the skills to serve as Judiciary chairman during the confirmation hearings of Chief Justice Roberts and Justice Alito. In earlier confirmation hearings he had the courage to cross party lines in opposing Judge Bork and disagreeing with conventional wisdom in supporting Justice Thomas after dissecting the contradictory and highly charged testimony. As a consummate legislator, he has counseled compromise and conciliation in a Congress that has established new records for partisan discord. In foreign affairs, he has advocated dialogue and accommodation as an antidote to belligerency and saber rattling. Arlen Specter's five terms have made him the longest serving U.S. Senator in Pennsylvania's history. A voice of reason, his independence and balance have won endorsements from the AFL-CIO and high marks from the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, the National Association of Manufacturers, and the Americans for Tax Reform. Time magazine listed him among the Ten Best Senators in 2006. Knowlegis rated him the second most powerful Senator in 2006 behind only Majority Leader Bill Frist. A November 11, 2007 Philadelphia Inquirer editorial stated: ''Senator Arlen Specter has more clout than some sovereign nations.'' Senator Specter attributes his zeal for public service to his experience as a child when he saw the government mistreat his father, Harry Specter, who migrated to the United States from Russia in 1911. Private Specter, serving in World War I in the infantry, was seriously wounded in action in France's Argonne Forest. When the government broke its promise to pay World War I veterans a 00 bonus, the veterans marched on Washington. President Hoover called out the Army which fired on and killed veterans on the Mall in one of the blackest days in American history. As a metaphor, Senator Specter says he has been on his way to Washington ever since to get his father's bonus and since he hasn't gotten it yet, he's running for reelection. The incident over his father's bonus has made Arlen Specter a fierce advocate for veterans' benefits and the ''little guy'' in his battles with the Federal Government. From his immigrant parents, Arlen Specter learned work ethics the hard way. His father, Harry Specter, who was a peddler, took 5-year-old Arlen to small Kansas towns selling cantaloupes door to door with a small basket in hand. In his dad's junkyard in Russell, KS, 16-year-old Arlen Specter cut down oil derricks with an acetylene torch and loaded scrap iron into rail freight cars headed for the smelter. His credentials include votes for the line-item veto and a constitutional amendment for a balanced budget. As a two-term Philadelphia district attorney, he fought for tough sentences for tough criminals and later, in the Senate, wrote groundbreaking legislation providing for life sentences for three-time recidivists on violent crimes. Since 1981, he has played a significant role in Supreme Court nomination hearings, for Chief Justice Rehnquist, Justices O'Connor, Scalia, Kennedy, Souter, Thomas, Ginsberg, Breyer, and Judge Bork. Notwithstanding debilitating chemotherapy treatments in 2005, he stayed on the job as chairman of the Judiciary Committee to preside over historic Supreme Court confirmation hearings. His work on the Judiciary Committee has included writing significant legislation on dealing with constitutional law, civil rights, and privacy. As a senior member of the Appropriations Committee, he led the fight to increase funding for the National Institutes of Health from 2 billion to 0 billion to expand medical research to find cures for cancer, heart disease, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and other maladies. He has supported expanding health care for seniors and children and has proposed legislation to cover the almost 50 million Americans who do not have health insurance. Because Senator Specter is keenly aware of the importance of understanding the younger generation, he often visits and speaks at universities and high schools. He credits his parents, both immigrants, with emphasizing the importance of education which has enabled his brother, two sisters, and himself to share in the American dream. To empower others with access to education, he led the fight on the Appropriations Subcommittee to increase Federal spending by 138 percent and raise funding for scholarships and student loans. Constituent service and promoting Pennsylvania's economic interests have been the hallmarks of Senator Specter's Senate career. He maintained offices in Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Harrisburg, Erie, Scranton, Wilkes-Barre, and the Lehigh Valley to help residents of those areas who needed assistance to cut Washington's redtape. From his experience as a teenager working on a farm in Kansas, the State where he was born, Senator Specter has understood and worked on the problems of Pennsylvania's farmers from his position on the Appropriations Subcommittee on Agriculture. He frequently argues in the International Trade Commission to assist the steel industry from being deluged with unfair foreign imports. His proposed legislation, endorsed by both business and labor, would create a private right of action in Federal courts to stop subsidized or dumped products from being imported into the United States. He has supported the coal industry by promoting legislation for clean coal technology and securing 00 million for a Schuylkill County project to turn sludge into high octane, environmentally safe gasoline. Recognizing the long-term effects of global warming, he has cosponsored the Bingaman-Specter bill to reduce harm from carbon emissions. As chairman of the Intelligence Committee in the 104th Congress and a member of the Appropriations Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, Senator Specter traveled extensively meeting with world leaders including Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev; French President Francois Mitterrand; Israel's Prime Ministers Menachem Begin, Yitzhak Shamir, Yitzhak Rabin, Shimon Peres, Benjamin Netanyahu, Ehud Barak, Ariel Sharon, and Ehud Olmert; China's President Hu Jintao; Indian Prime Minister Singh; Pakistan's Prime Ministers Benazir Bhutto, Mohammad Zia, and Pervez Musharraf; Jordan's Kings Hussein and Abdullah; and Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak. Strongly agreeing with Moshe Dayan's famous statement that we make peace with our enemies not our friends, he has met with Syria's Presidents Hafez al-Assad and Bashar al-Assad; the Palestinian Authority's Chairman Yasser Arafat; Iraq's President Saddam Hussein; Cuba's President Fidel Castro; Libya's Leader Muammar Qadhafi; and Venezuela President Hugo Chavez. From these meetings and his studies of foreign affairs since his undergraduate days at the University of Pennsylvania, where he majored in political science and international relations, Senator Specter has been a forceful advocate for aggressive diplomacy to solve international conflicts. He wrote, with staffer Chris Bradish, an article for the Washington Quarterly (Winter 2006-2007), outlining a blueprint for diplomatic initiatives in the Mideast with emphasis on bilateral negotiations with Iran and Syria. Similarly, he has urged bilateral, as well as multilateral, negotiations with North Korea. Early in his Senate career in 1982, he was among the first to call for a U.S./U.S.S.R. summit in a resolution which passed the Senate 90 to 8. He participated extensively with the Senate observers at the Geneva Arms Reduction talks in the 1980s and led the fight for the broad interpretation of the ABM Treaty. Senator Specter consistently supported appropriations to fight global AIDS and promoted worldwide support for underdeveloped countries including free trade agreements. Arlen Specter was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1980 and served five terms. In 2005, Senator Specter became Pennsylvania's longest serving U.S. Senator. He was a senior member of the Senate Judiciary, Appropriations, and Veterans Affairs Committees. Senator Specter was a member of the Senate Judiciary Committee since he came to the Senate. As such, he played an instrumental role in many of the Senate's most important issues, including the confirmations of Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Jr. and Justice Samuel Alito to serve as Associate Justice on the U.S. Supreme Court. Senator Specter also shepherded through the Judiciary Committee legislation on asbestos litigation reform to absolve what the Supreme Court once called an ''elephantine mass'' clogging our judicial system. Senator Specter has worked in a bipartisan fashion to reauthorize key provisions of the USA PATRIOT Act, an important tool in the U.S. war on terror. He has also authored legislation to help consumers better protect the privacy of their personal information in the face of recurrent data security breaches across the country. On the Judiciary Committee, Senator Specter built on his foundation as a lawyer and former district attorney. He was the author of the Armed Career Criminal Act, which has been praised for its long prison terms for repeat offenders, and the Terrorist Prosecution Act, which authorizes criminal actions in U.S. courts for assaulting, maiming, or murdering Americans anywhere in the world. As a senior member of the Appropriations Committee, Senator Specter was chairman of the Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education. This subcommittee oversees Federal funding for the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Centers for Disease Control, educational programs like Head Start, Pell grants, and GEAR-UP, and worker safety programs. Under his leadership, funding for education has increased by more than 130 percent. Senator Specter was also instrumental in doubling the budget for NIH, which has made major advances in curing Parkinson's, cancer, heart disease, and delaying the onset of Alzheimer's. Finally, Senator Specter is a strong proponent of stem cell research for the purposes of discovering knowledge that may lead to cures for these same ailments. Strengthening our Nation's security has been a longstanding priority of Senator Specter's. Thirty days after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, Senator Specter drafted the legislation that established the Department of Homeland Security. While serving as chairman of the Senate Intelligence Committee in the 104th Congress, he authored the bill creating the Inspector General of the Central Intelligence Agency, marking the only reform legislation to emerge from the Iran-Contra affair. Senator Specter continues his strong advocacy for veterans, a passion born from the first veteran he ever knew, his father, Harry Specter, who was wounded in World War I. As a former chairman of the Veterans Committee, he pushed for just treatment for veterans and increased benefits. Working closely with the Secretary of Veterans Affairs, Senator Specter oversaw the opening of four new veterans outpatient clinics in Fayette, Northampton, Venango, and Warren Counties and passed legislation to create a new veterans cemetery in Southeastern Pennsylvania. A frequent visitor to all of Pennsylvania's 67 counties, Senator Specter places constituent service high on his priorities and has been instrumental on the Appropriations Committee in promoting Pennsylvania's interests in agriculture, high-technology, steel, coal, tourism, mass transit, highways, and military installations. In addition to tackling the major legislative business before the Senate, Senator Specter also engaged in a personal battle with Stage IV-B Hodgkin's lymphoma cancer in 2005 and 2008. In both cases he underwent nearly 5 months of chemotherapy, but still maintained all of his senatorial duties, including chairing hearings, voting, and brokering important legislative initiatives. In July 2008, Senator Specter received his last chemotherapy treatment and has since received a clean bill of health. Senator Specter was born to immigrant parents in Wichita, KS, and grew up in the small town of Russell, KS. He is a Phi Beta Kappa graduate of the University of Pennsylvania and served as an editor of the Yale Law Journal. He began his career in public service as an assistant Philadelphia district attorney. While serving in that position, he was named assistant counsel on the Warren Commission investigation into President Kennedy's assassination. Two years later, Senator Specter was elected district attorney of Philadelphia at the age of 35. Senator Specter lives in Philadelphia with his wife Joan. They have two sons, Shanin and Steve, and four grandchildren, Silvi, Perri, Lilli, and Hatti. Farewell to the Senate Tuesday, December 21, 2010 Mr. SPECTER. Madam President, this is not a farewell address but, rather, a closing argument to a jury of my colleagues and the American people outlining my views on how the Senate and, with it, the Federal Government arrived at its current condition of partisan gridlock, and my suggestions on where we go from here on that pressing problem and the key issues of national and international importance. To make a final floor statement is a challenge. The Washington Post noted the poor attendance at my colleagues' farewell speeches earlier this month. That is really not surprising since there is hardly anyone ever on the Senate floor. The days of lively debate with many Members on the floor are long gone. Abuse of the Senate rules has pretty much stripped Senators of the right to offer amendments. The modern filibuster requires only a threat and no talking. So the Senate's activity for more than a decade has been the virtual continuous drone of a quorum call. But that is not the way it was when Senator Chris Dodd and I were privileged to enter the world's greatest deliberative body 30 years ago. Senators on both sides of the aisle engaged in collegial debate and found ways to find common ground on the Nation's pressing problems. When I attended my first Republican moderates luncheon, I met Mark Hatfield, John Chafee, Ted Stevens, Mac Mathias, Bob Stafford, Bob Packwood, Chuck Percy, Bill Cohen, Warren Rudman, Alan Simpson, Jack Danforth, John Warner, Nancy Kassebaum, Slade Gorton, and I found my colleague John Heinz there. That is a far cry from later years when the moderates could fit into a telephone booth. On the other side of the aisle, I found many Democratic Senators willing to move to the center to craft legislation Date(s) Held: 2010-12-21, 2010-11-30, 2010-12-08, 2010-12-10, 2010-12-15, 2010-12-16, 2010-12-19, 2010-12-21, 2010-12-22 111th Congress, 2nd Session GPO Document Source: CHRG-111shrg64816 Superintendents of Documents ID: Y 4.AP 6/2 Related Items:
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73P55-HEBU: Access To Public Information In The Age Of COVID-…
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8THE ROLE OF ELECTRONIC RESOURCES IN ENHANCING ACADEMIC LIBRARY SERVICES: ACCESS, UTILIZATION, AND USER ENGAGEMENT IN THE DIGITAL AGE
By Hemanta Gogoi
Academic libraries have undergone a significant transformation in the digital era, with electronic resources (e-resources) becoming essential tools for supporting teaching, learning, and research. These resources—such as e-journals, e-books, and online databases—have expanded access to information and changed how users interact with library services. The purpose of this study is to describe the role of e-resources in enhancing academic library services, specifically focusing on access mechanisms, utilization patterns, and user engagement strategies. The study adopts a descriptive research approach based solely on secondary data. Relevant peer-reviewed journal articles, institutional reports, and library case studies published between 2017 and 2025 were systematically reviewed using clearly defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Only sources that focused on academic libraries and addressed at least one of the core dimensions—access, utilization, or engagement—were included. The findings reveal that while e-resources have significantly improved accessibility through remote access and mobile platforms, challenges remain in user awareness and consistent engagement. Utilization trends vary by user group, with students and faculty prioritizing different types of resources. Furthermore, digital literacy training, institutional promotion, and technical infrastructure play critical roles in shaping user satisfaction and continued use. The study concludes that electronic resources are instrumental in modernizing academic libraries, but their full potential can only be realized through strategic support and awareness-building efforts.
“THE ROLE OF ELECTRONIC RESOURCES IN ENHANCING ACADEMIC LIBRARY SERVICES: ACCESS, UTILIZATION, AND USER ENGAGEMENT IN THE DIGITAL AGE” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ THE ROLE OF ELECTRONIC RESOURCES IN ENHANCING ACADEMIC LIBRARY SERVICES: ACCESS, UTILIZATION, AND USER ENGAGEMENT IN THE DIGITAL AGE
- Author: Hemanta Gogoi
- Language: english-handwritten
“THE ROLE OF ELECTRONIC RESOURCES IN ENHANCING ACADEMIC LIBRARY SERVICES: ACCESS, UTILIZATION, AND USER ENGAGEMENT IN THE DIGITAL AGE” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: Academic Libraries - Electronic Resources - Access - User Engagement - Utilization Patterns
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- Internet Archive ID: ➤ httpsieasrj.comjournalsindex.phpieasrjarticleview448
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9“While You’re Changing The World, You May Want To Stop And Talk To An Adult Like An Adult...They’re Paradoxically 'leading The Charge' To Restrict Their Own Access To Methods Of Self-defense By Raising The Age On Limits For Gun Owners In The State.” –@DLoesch #Relentless #NRA Https://t.co/gxslHDkZEh
By NRATV
“While you’re changing the world, you may want to stop and talk to an adult like an adult...They’re paradoxically 'leading the charge' to restrict their own access to methods of self-defense by raising the age on limits for gun owners in the state.” –@DLoesch #Relentless #NRA https://t.co/gxslHDkZEh Parkland Activists Lead Charge Against Their Own Freedom Watch Relentless with Dana Loesch, only on NRATV
““While You’re Changing The World, You May Want To Stop And Talk To An Adult Like An Adult...They’re Paradoxically 'leading The Charge' To Restrict Their Own Access To Methods Of Self-defense By Raising The Age On Limits For Gun Owners In The State.” –@DLoesch #Relentless #NRA Https://t.co/gxslHDkZEh” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ “While You’re Changing The World, You May Want To Stop And Talk To An Adult Like An Adult...They’re Paradoxically 'leading The Charge' To Restrict Their Own Access To Methods Of Self-defense By Raising The Age On Limits For Gun Owners In The State.” –@DLoesch #Relentless #NRA Https://t.co/gxslHDkZEh
- Author: NRATV
““While You’re Changing The World, You May Want To Stop And Talk To An Adult Like An Adult...They’re Paradoxically 'leading The Charge' To Restrict Their Own Access To Methods Of Self-defense By Raising The Age On Limits For Gun Owners In The State.” –@DLoesch #Relentless #NRA Https://t.co/gxslHDkZEh” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ videobot - archiveteam - twitter - twitter.com - 979134466961522688 - NRATV - #Relentless - #NRA - Relentless - NRA
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- Internet Archive ID: ➤ archiveteam_videobot_twitter_com_979134466961522688
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10ERIC ED243282: Access To Information-Age Technologies: A Report On An Exploratory Project Examining The Issue Of "Accessibility" For Handicapped And Older Persons To Emerging Information Technologies.
By ERIC
The project reviewed literature, surveyed manufacturers, and interviewed handicapped and elderly consumers of information-age technologies in an attempt to identify important accessibility issues with respect to emerging information technologies, particularly the personal computer. Results suggested that personal computers appear to be moving toward less rather than greater accessiblity for persons with hearing, vision, mobility and learning limitations, and that the two most critical considerations are redundancy and transparency. Redundancy, the provision of information both visually and auditorially, will prove to be a major benefit to deaf and hearing-imapired, blind and visually impaired, learning-disabled and retarded individuals. blind and visually impaired, learning-disabled and retarded individuals. Transparency refers to steps which make it impossible for the machine to "know" whether information is entered directly on its keyboard or through some other input mechanism; transparent technologies may be used by persons having difficulty manipulating keyboards, including many persons with arthritis and other physical limitations. Further work is necessary before formal standards for accessibility to information-age technologies may be formulated. A national conference of hardware and software manufacturers, disabled and elderly consumers and experts on accessibility was proposed. (Author/CL)
“ERIC ED243282: Access To Information-Age Technologies: A Report On An Exploratory Project Examining The Issue Of "Accessibility" For Handicapped And Older Persons To Emerging Information Technologies.” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ ERIC ED243282: Access To Information-Age Technologies: A Report On An Exploratory Project Examining The Issue Of "Accessibility" For Handicapped And Older Persons To Emerging Information Technologies.
- Author: ERIC
- Language: English
“ERIC ED243282: Access To Information-Age Technologies: A Report On An Exploratory Project Examining The Issue Of "Accessibility" For Handicapped And Older Persons To Emerging Information Technologies.” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ ERIC Archive - Accessibility (for Disabled) - Disabilities - Electromechanical Aids - Information Services - Microcomputers
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ERIC_ED243282
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11Access To Government In The Computer Age : An Examination Of State Public Records Law :
The project reviewed literature, surveyed manufacturers, and interviewed handicapped and elderly consumers of information-age technologies in an attempt to identify important accessibility issues with respect to emerging information technologies, particularly the personal computer. Results suggested that personal computers appear to be moving toward less rather than greater accessiblity for persons with hearing, vision, mobility and learning limitations, and that the two most critical considerations are redundancy and transparency. Redundancy, the provision of information both visually and auditorially, will prove to be a major benefit to deaf and hearing-imapired, blind and visually impaired, learning-disabled and retarded individuals. blind and visually impaired, learning-disabled and retarded individuals. Transparency refers to steps which make it impossible for the machine to "know" whether information is entered directly on its keyboard or through some other input mechanism; transparent technologies may be used by persons having difficulty manipulating keyboards, including many persons with arthritis and other physical limitations. Further work is necessary before formal standards for accessibility to information-age technologies may be formulated. A national conference of hardware and software manufacturers, disabled and elderly consumers and experts on accessibility was proposed. (Author/CL)
“Access To Government In The Computer Age : An Examination Of State Public Records Law :” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Access To Government In The Computer Age : An Examination Of State Public Records Law :
- Language: English
“Access To Government In The Computer Age : An Examination Of State Public Records Law :” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ Public records -- Access control -- United States -- States - Electronic records -- Access control -- United States -- States - Data protection -- Law and legislation -- United States - Government information -- United States - Freedom of information -- United States - Privacy, Right of -- United States - Confidential communications -- United States
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- Internet Archive ID: accesstogovernme0000unse
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12MHL2-YX27: Access To Public Information In The Age Of COVID-…
Perma.cc archive of https://citylimits.org/2021/03/26/access-to-public-information-in-the-age-of-covid-19/ created on 2022-09-07 22:22:16.923947+00:00.
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- Internet Archive ID: perma_cc_MHL2-YX27
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13ERIC EJ400883: Access To Tertiary Studies: The Case Of Mature Age Students.
By ERIC
The Australian Federal Government's policy of increasing the participation of school leavers in tertiary studies and the possible effect this may have on access to tertiary studies for mature age students are discussed. A study that addresses the social composition of tertiary students is described. (MLW)
“ERIC EJ400883: Access To Tertiary Studies: The Case Of Mature Age Students.” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ ERIC EJ400883: Access To Tertiary Studies: The Case Of Mature Age Students.
- Author: ERIC
- Language: English
“ERIC EJ400883: Access To Tertiary Studies: The Case Of Mature Age Students.” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ ERIC Archive - Access to Education - Admission Criteria - Adult Students - Age Differences - College Admission - Comparative Analysis - Educational Policy - Elitism - Family Income - Foreign Countries - Parent Background - Part Time Students - Postsecondary Education - Sex Differences - Trend Analysis - Currie, Jan|Baldock, Cora
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ERIC_EJ400883
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14ERIC ED617023: Understanding Child Care And Pre-Kindergarten Provisions In The Build Back Better Act. Brief The Most Recent Version Of The Build Back Better (BBB) Act Includes Historic Investments In Child Care And Preschool Totaling $390 Billion. These Investments Create A Child Care Entitlement For Most Children From Birth Through Age Five And Universal Pre-kindergarten For Three- And Four-year-olds, Which Would Provide Significant Increases To Access For Families And Children, Improve The Quality Of The Programs, And Increase Pay And Support For Providers. The U.S. House Of Representatives Passed This Bill On November 19, 2021. The Measure Is Now Being Considered By The Senate. This Brief Outlines Key Provisions Of "Section 23001 Birth Through Five Child Care And Early Learning Entitlement" And "Section 23002 Universal Preschool" Included In The Build Back Better Act. [For The Executive Summary To This Brief, See ED617024.]
By ERIC
The most recent version of the Build Back Better (BBB) Act includes historic investments in child care and preschool totaling $390 billion. These investments create a child care entitlement for most children from birth through age five and universal pre-kindergarten for three- and four-year-olds, which would provide significant increases to access for families and children, improve the quality of the programs, and increase pay and support for providers. The U.S. House of Representatives passed this bill on November 19, 2021. The measure is now being considered by the Senate. This brief outlines key provisions of "Section 23001 Birth Through Five Child Care and Early Learning Entitlement" and "Section 23002 Universal Preschool" included in the Build Back Better Act. [For the executive summary to this brief, see ED617024.]
“ERIC ED617023: Understanding Child Care And Pre-Kindergarten Provisions In The Build Back Better Act. Brief The Most Recent Version Of The Build Back Better (BBB) Act Includes Historic Investments In Child Care And Preschool Totaling $390 Billion. These Investments Create A Child Care Entitlement For Most Children From Birth Through Age Five And Universal Pre-kindergarten For Three- And Four-year-olds, Which Would Provide Significant Increases To Access For Families And Children, Improve The Quality Of The Programs, And Increase Pay And Support For Providers. The U.S. House Of Representatives Passed This Bill On November 19, 2021. The Measure Is Now Being Considered By The Senate. This Brief Outlines Key Provisions Of "Section 23001 Birth Through Five Child Care And Early Learning Entitlement" And "Section 23002 Universal Preschool" Included In The Build Back Better Act. [For The Executive Summary To This Brief, See ED617024.]” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ ERIC ED617023: Understanding Child Care And Pre-Kindergarten Provisions In The Build Back Better Act. Brief The Most Recent Version Of The Build Back Better (BBB) Act Includes Historic Investments In Child Care And Preschool Totaling $390 Billion. These Investments Create A Child Care Entitlement For Most Children From Birth Through Age Five And Universal Pre-kindergarten For Three- And Four-year-olds, Which Would Provide Significant Increases To Access For Families And Children, Improve The Quality Of The Programs, And Increase Pay And Support For Providers. The U.S. House Of Representatives Passed This Bill On November 19, 2021. The Measure Is Now Being Considered By The Senate. This Brief Outlines Key Provisions Of "Section 23001 Birth Through Five Child Care And Early Learning Entitlement" And "Section 23002 Universal Preschool" Included In The Build Back Better Act. [For The Executive Summary To This Brief, See ED617024.]
- Author: ERIC
- Language: English
“ERIC ED617023: Understanding Child Care And Pre-Kindergarten Provisions In The Build Back Better Act. Brief The Most Recent Version Of The Build Back Better (BBB) Act Includes Historic Investments In Child Care And Preschool Totaling $390 Billion. These Investments Create A Child Care Entitlement For Most Children From Birth Through Age Five And Universal Pre-kindergarten For Three- And Four-year-olds, Which Would Provide Significant Increases To Access For Families And Children, Improve The Quality Of The Programs, And Increase Pay And Support For Providers. The U.S. House Of Representatives Passed This Bill On November 19, 2021. The Measure Is Now Being Considered By The Senate. This Brief Outlines Key Provisions Of "Section 23001 Birth Through Five Child Care And Early Learning Entitlement" And "Section 23002 Universal Preschool" Included In The Build Back Better Act. [For The Executive Summary To This Brief, See ED617024.]” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ ERIC Archive - ERIC - Hardy, Alycia Schmit, Stephanie - Federal Aid - Federal Legislation - Child Care - Preschool Education - Educational Quality - Access to Education - Salaries - Educational History - Educational Finance - Statewide Planning - Expenditures - State Programs - Resource Allocation - Costs - Child Caregivers - Child Care Centers - Inclusion - Preschool Teachers - Tribes - Trust Responsibility (Government)
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- Internet Archive ID: ERIC_ED617023
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Find ERIC ED617023: Understanding Child Care And Pre-Kindergarten Provisions In The Build Back Better Act. Brief The Most Recent Version Of The Build Back Better (BBB) Act Includes Historic Investments In Child Care And Preschool Totaling $390 Billion. These Investments Create A Child Care Entitlement For Most Children From Birth Through Age Five And Universal Pre-kindergarten For Three- And Four-year-olds, Which Would Provide Significant Increases To Access For Families And Children, Improve The Quality Of The Programs, And Increase Pay And Support For Providers. The U.S. House Of Representatives Passed This Bill On November 19, 2021. The Measure Is Now Being Considered By The Senate. This Brief Outlines Key Provisions Of "Section 23001 Birth Through Five Child Care And Early Learning Entitlement" And "Section 23002 Universal Preschool" Included In The Build Back Better Act. [For The Executive Summary To This Brief, See ED617024.] at online marketplaces:
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15ERIC ED613006: Early Childhood Homelessness State Profiles: Data Collected In 2018-19 This Report Presents Data On Children Under Age Six Who Are Experiencing Homelessness At The National Level And In The 50 States, The District Of Columbia, And Puerto Rico. It Uses Data Collected From 2018 To 2019 By The Administration For Children And Families (ACF) And The Office Of The Assistant Secretary For Planning And Evaluation (ASPE) Within The U.S. Department Of Health And Human Services (HHS) And By The U.S. Department Of Education (ED). It Also Includes Publicly Available Data From The U.S. Census Bureau (Census), The U.S. Department Of Housing And Urban Development (HUD) (2020), And From The Annie E. Casey Foundation (2018). In January 2016, ACF Released "Early Childhood Homelessness 50-State Profiles" As Part Of An Interagency Early Childhood Workgroup Of The U.S. Interagency Council On Homelessness (USICH), Which Included Member Agencies ACF And ASPE Within HHS, ED, HUD, And The U.S. Department Of Agriculture (USDA). ACF Released A Second State Profile Report In 2017 And Then ED Issued Annual Reports In 2018, 2019, And 2020. This 2018-19 Report Presents The Data By Jurisdiction To Inform Policymakers, Practitioners, And Researchers On Young Children Experiencing Homelessness. Homeless Children And Youths Lack A Fixed, Regular, And Adequate Nighttime Residence. Subtitle VII-B Of The "McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act" (McKinney-Vento) Offers Support For States, Outlying Areas, And The Bureau Of Indian Education To Ensure That Children And Youth Experiencing Homelessness Have Equal Access To A Free And Appropriate Public Education. It Was Amended Through The "Every Student Succeeds Act" In 2015, And Is Administered By ED. Having This Data Helps Policymakers And The Public Understand The Evolving Prevalence And Nature Of Early Childhood Homelessness. [For "Early Childhood Homelessness State Profiles: Data Collected In 2017-2018," See ED609095.]
By ERIC
This report presents data on children under age six who are experiencing homelessness at the national level and in the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. It uses data collected from 2018 to 2019 by the Administration for Children and Families (ACF) and the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE) within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and by the U.S. Department of Education (ED). It also includes publicly available data from the U.S. Census Bureau (Census), the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) (2020), and from the Annie E. Casey Foundation (2018). In January 2016, ACF released "Early Childhood Homelessness 50-State Profiles" as part of an interagency early childhood workgroup of the U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness (USICH), which included member agencies ACF and ASPE within HHS, ED, HUD, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). ACF released a second state profile report in 2017 and then ED issued annual reports in 2018, 2019, and 2020. This 2018-19 report presents the data by jurisdiction to inform policymakers, practitioners, and researchers on young children experiencing homelessness. Homeless children and youths lack a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence. Subtitle VII-B of the "McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act" (McKinney-Vento) offers support for states, outlying areas, and the Bureau of Indian Education to ensure that children and youth experiencing homelessness have equal access to a free and appropriate public education. It was amended through the "Every Student Succeeds Act" in 2015, and is administered by ED. Having this data helps policymakers and the public understand the evolving prevalence and nature of early childhood homelessness. [For "Early Childhood Homelessness State Profiles: Data Collected in 2017-2018," see ED609095.]
“ERIC ED613006: Early Childhood Homelessness State Profiles: Data Collected In 2018-19 This Report Presents Data On Children Under Age Six Who Are Experiencing Homelessness At The National Level And In The 50 States, The District Of Columbia, And Puerto Rico. It Uses Data Collected From 2018 To 2019 By The Administration For Children And Families (ACF) And The Office Of The Assistant Secretary For Planning And Evaluation (ASPE) Within The U.S. Department Of Health And Human Services (HHS) And By The U.S. Department Of Education (ED). It Also Includes Publicly Available Data From The U.S. Census Bureau (Census), The U.S. Department Of Housing And Urban Development (HUD) (2020), And From The Annie E. Casey Foundation (2018). In January 2016, ACF Released "Early Childhood Homelessness 50-State Profiles" As Part Of An Interagency Early Childhood Workgroup Of The U.S. Interagency Council On Homelessness (USICH), Which Included Member Agencies ACF And ASPE Within HHS, ED, HUD, And The U.S. Department Of Agriculture (USDA). ACF Released A Second State Profile Report In 2017 And Then ED Issued Annual Reports In 2018, 2019, And 2020. This 2018-19 Report Presents The Data By Jurisdiction To Inform Policymakers, Practitioners, And Researchers On Young Children Experiencing Homelessness. Homeless Children And Youths Lack A Fixed, Regular, And Adequate Nighttime Residence. Subtitle VII-B Of The "McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act" (McKinney-Vento) Offers Support For States, Outlying Areas, And The Bureau Of Indian Education To Ensure That Children And Youth Experiencing Homelessness Have Equal Access To A Free And Appropriate Public Education. It Was Amended Through The "Every Student Succeeds Act" In 2015, And Is Administered By ED. Having This Data Helps Policymakers And The Public Understand The Evolving Prevalence And Nature Of Early Childhood Homelessness. [For "Early Childhood Homelessness State Profiles: Data Collected In 2017-2018," See ED609095.]” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ ERIC ED613006: Early Childhood Homelessness State Profiles: Data Collected In 2018-19 This Report Presents Data On Children Under Age Six Who Are Experiencing Homelessness At The National Level And In The 50 States, The District Of Columbia, And Puerto Rico. It Uses Data Collected From 2018 To 2019 By The Administration For Children And Families (ACF) And The Office Of The Assistant Secretary For Planning And Evaluation (ASPE) Within The U.S. Department Of Health And Human Services (HHS) And By The U.S. Department Of Education (ED). It Also Includes Publicly Available Data From The U.S. Census Bureau (Census), The U.S. Department Of Housing And Urban Development (HUD) (2020), And From The Annie E. Casey Foundation (2018). In January 2016, ACF Released "Early Childhood Homelessness 50-State Profiles" As Part Of An Interagency Early Childhood Workgroup Of The U.S. Interagency Council On Homelessness (USICH), Which Included Member Agencies ACF And ASPE Within HHS, ED, HUD, And The U.S. Department Of Agriculture (USDA). ACF Released A Second State Profile Report In 2017 And Then ED Issued Annual Reports In 2018, 2019, And 2020. This 2018-19 Report Presents The Data By Jurisdiction To Inform Policymakers, Practitioners, And Researchers On Young Children Experiencing Homelessness. Homeless Children And Youths Lack A Fixed, Regular, And Adequate Nighttime Residence. Subtitle VII-B Of The "McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act" (McKinney-Vento) Offers Support For States, Outlying Areas, And The Bureau Of Indian Education To Ensure That Children And Youth Experiencing Homelessness Have Equal Access To A Free And Appropriate Public Education. It Was Amended Through The "Every Student Succeeds Act" In 2015, And Is Administered By ED. Having This Data Helps Policymakers And The Public Understand The Evolving Prevalence And Nature Of Early Childhood Homelessness. [For "Early Childhood Homelessness State Profiles: Data Collected In 2017-2018," See ED609095.]
- Author: ERIC
- Language: English
“ERIC ED613006: Early Childhood Homelessness State Profiles: Data Collected In 2018-19 This Report Presents Data On Children Under Age Six Who Are Experiencing Homelessness At The National Level And In The 50 States, The District Of Columbia, And Puerto Rico. It Uses Data Collected From 2018 To 2019 By The Administration For Children And Families (ACF) And The Office Of The Assistant Secretary For Planning And Evaluation (ASPE) Within The U.S. Department Of Health And Human Services (HHS) And By The U.S. Department Of Education (ED). It Also Includes Publicly Available Data From The U.S. Census Bureau (Census), The U.S. Department Of Housing And Urban Development (HUD) (2020), And From The Annie E. Casey Foundation (2018). In January 2016, ACF Released "Early Childhood Homelessness 50-State Profiles" As Part Of An Interagency Early Childhood Workgroup Of The U.S. Interagency Council On Homelessness (USICH), Which Included Member Agencies ACF And ASPE Within HHS, ED, HUD, And The U.S. Department Of Agriculture (USDA). ACF Released A Second State Profile Report In 2017 And Then ED Issued Annual Reports In 2018, 2019, And 2020. This 2018-19 Report Presents The Data By Jurisdiction To Inform Policymakers, Practitioners, And Researchers On Young Children Experiencing Homelessness. Homeless Children And Youths Lack A Fixed, Regular, And Adequate Nighttime Residence. Subtitle VII-B Of The "McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act" (McKinney-Vento) Offers Support For States, Outlying Areas, And The Bureau Of Indian Education To Ensure That Children And Youth Experiencing Homelessness Have Equal Access To A Free And Appropriate Public Education. It Was Amended Through The "Every Student Succeeds Act" In 2015, And Is Administered By ED. Having This Data Helps Policymakers And The Public Understand The Evolving Prevalence And Nature Of Early Childhood Homelessness. [For "Early Childhood Homelessness State Profiles: Data Collected In 2017-2018," See ED609095.]” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ ERIC Archive - ERIC - Yamashiro, Amy McLaughlin, John - Homeless People - Young Children - Federal Legislation - Federal Programs - Federal Aid - Preschool Education - Geographic Location - Employed Parents - Unemployment - Housing - Costs - Home Visits - Access to Education - Child Care
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ERIC_ED613006
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Find ERIC ED613006: Early Childhood Homelessness State Profiles: Data Collected In 2018-19 This Report Presents Data On Children Under Age Six Who Are Experiencing Homelessness At The National Level And In The 50 States, The District Of Columbia, And Puerto Rico. It Uses Data Collected From 2018 To 2019 By The Administration For Children And Families (ACF) And The Office Of The Assistant Secretary For Planning And Evaluation (ASPE) Within The U.S. Department Of Health And Human Services (HHS) And By The U.S. Department Of Education (ED). It Also Includes Publicly Available Data From The U.S. Census Bureau (Census), The U.S. Department Of Housing And Urban Development (HUD) (2020), And From The Annie E. Casey Foundation (2018). In January 2016, ACF Released "Early Childhood Homelessness 50-State Profiles" As Part Of An Interagency Early Childhood Workgroup Of The U.S. Interagency Council On Homelessness (USICH), Which Included Member Agencies ACF And ASPE Within HHS, ED, HUD, And The U.S. Department Of Agriculture (USDA). ACF Released A Second State Profile Report In 2017 And Then ED Issued Annual Reports In 2018, 2019, And 2020. This 2018-19 Report Presents The Data By Jurisdiction To Inform Policymakers, Practitioners, And Researchers On Young Children Experiencing Homelessness. Homeless Children And Youths Lack A Fixed, Regular, And Adequate Nighttime Residence. Subtitle VII-B Of The "McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act" (McKinney-Vento) Offers Support For States, Outlying Areas, And The Bureau Of Indian Education To Ensure That Children And Youth Experiencing Homelessness Have Equal Access To A Free And Appropriate Public Education. It Was Amended Through The "Every Student Succeeds Act" In 2015, And Is Administered By ED. Having This Data Helps Policymakers And The Public Understand The Evolving Prevalence And Nature Of Early Childhood Homelessness. [For "Early Childhood Homelessness State Profiles: Data Collected In 2017-2018," See ED609095.] at online marketplaces:
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16The Age Of Access : Information Technology And Social Revolution : Posthumous Papers Of Colin Cherry
By Cherry, Colin
This report presents data on children under age six who are experiencing homelessness at the national level and in the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. It uses data collected from 2018 to 2019 by the Administration for Children and Families (ACF) and the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE) within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and by the U.S. Department of Education (ED). It also includes publicly available data from the U.S. Census Bureau (Census), the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) (2020), and from the Annie E. Casey Foundation (2018). In January 2016, ACF released "Early Childhood Homelessness 50-State Profiles" as part of an interagency early childhood workgroup of the U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness (USICH), which included member agencies ACF and ASPE within HHS, ED, HUD, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). ACF released a second state profile report in 2017 and then ED issued annual reports in 2018, 2019, and 2020. This 2018-19 report presents the data by jurisdiction to inform policymakers, practitioners, and researchers on young children experiencing homelessness. Homeless children and youths lack a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence. Subtitle VII-B of the "McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act" (McKinney-Vento) offers support for states, outlying areas, and the Bureau of Indian Education to ensure that children and youth experiencing homelessness have equal access to a free and appropriate public education. It was amended through the "Every Student Succeeds Act" in 2015, and is administered by ED. Having this data helps policymakers and the public understand the evolving prevalence and nature of early childhood homelessness. [For "Early Childhood Homelessness State Profiles: Data Collected in 2017-2018," see ED609095.]
“The Age Of Access : Information Technology And Social Revolution : Posthumous Papers Of Colin Cherry” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ The Age Of Access : Information Technology And Social Revolution : Posthumous Papers Of Colin Cherry
- Author: Cherry, Colin
- Language: English
“The Age Of Access : Information Technology And Social Revolution : Posthumous Papers Of Colin Cherry” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ Computers -- Social aspects - Information technology -- Social aspects - Communicatie - Technologie - Communication Effects of technological innovation
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- Internet Archive ID: ageofaccessinfor0000cher
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17Random Access Messages Of The Computer Age
By Monteleone, Thomas F
This report presents data on children under age six who are experiencing homelessness at the national level and in the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. It uses data collected from 2018 to 2019 by the Administration for Children and Families (ACF) and the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE) within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and by the U.S. Department of Education (ED). It also includes publicly available data from the U.S. Census Bureau (Census), the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) (2020), and from the Annie E. Casey Foundation (2018). In January 2016, ACF released "Early Childhood Homelessness 50-State Profiles" as part of an interagency early childhood workgroup of the U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness (USICH), which included member agencies ACF and ASPE within HHS, ED, HUD, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). ACF released a second state profile report in 2017 and then ED issued annual reports in 2018, 2019, and 2020. This 2018-19 report presents the data by jurisdiction to inform policymakers, practitioners, and researchers on young children experiencing homelessness. Homeless children and youths lack a fixed, regular, and adequate nighttime residence. Subtitle VII-B of the "McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act" (McKinney-Vento) offers support for states, outlying areas, and the Bureau of Indian Education to ensure that children and youth experiencing homelessness have equal access to a free and appropriate public education. It was amended through the "Every Student Succeeds Act" in 2015, and is administered by ED. Having this data helps policymakers and the public understand the evolving prevalence and nature of early childhood homelessness. [For "Early Childhood Homelessness State Profiles: Data Collected in 2017-2018," see ED609095.]
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- Author: Monteleone, Thomas F
- Language: English
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- Subjects: Science fiction, American - Science fiction, English
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18Google It. Research It. We Live In An Age Of Information. An Age Where Our Parents And Grandparents Didn't Have The Luxuries Of A Search Engine To Have Access To Info All Over The World. The Tammuz Cross Orgins Come From Ancient Babylon And Since The Greco Romans Are Pagans They Adopted It.
Google it. Research it. We live in an age of information. An age where our parents and grandparents didn't have the luxuries of a search engine to have access t o info all over the world. The Tammuz cross origins come from ancient Babylon and since the Greco Romans are pagans they adopted it.
“Google It. Research It. We Live In An Age Of Information. An Age Where Our Parents And Grandparents Didn't Have The Luxuries Of A Search Engine To Have Access To Info All Over The World. The Tammuz Cross Orgins Come From Ancient Babylon And Since The Greco Romans Are Pagans They Adopted It.” Metadata:
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Find Google It. Research It. We Live In An Age Of Information. An Age Where Our Parents And Grandparents Didn't Have The Luxuries Of A Search Engine To Have Access To Info All Over The World. The Tammuz Cross Orgins Come From Ancient Babylon And Since The Greco Romans Are Pagans They Adopted It. at online marketplaces:
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19Access Denied : Freedom Of Information In The Information Age
Google it. Research it. We live in an age of information. An age where our parents and grandparents didn't have the luxuries of a search engine to have access t o info all over the world. The Tammuz cross origins come from ancient Babylon and since the Greco Romans are pagans they adopted it.
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- Language: English
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- Subjects: ➤ Freedom of information -- United States - Government information -- United States - Electronic records -- Access control -- United States - Data protection -- Law and legislation -- United States - Disclosure of information -- Law and legislation -- United States - Privacy, Right of -- United States
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- Internet Archive ID: accessdeniedfree0000unse
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20Steps To Apply For An Instant Personal Loan Via Moneyverss Or Similar Apps: Download The App: Go To The Google Play Store (for Android) Or App Store (for IOS). Search For The Moneyverss App Or Any Similar Loan Apps You Want To Use. Download And Install The App. Create An Account: Open The App And Sign Up Using Your Phone Number Or Email Address. Please Provide Some Basic Personal Information Like Name, Address, And Date Of Birth. Select Loan Type: Choose The Type Of Loan You Want (e.g., Personal Loan, Payday Loan, Etc.). Specify The Loan Amount And The Repayment Period That Works For You. Upload Documents: Typically, You Will Be Required To Upload Some Basic Documents For Verification. This Might Include: Aadhar Card (for Identity Verification) PAN Card (for Income Proof) Bank Account Details Proof Of Income (salary Slip, Bank Statement) Loan Approval: Once You Have Submitted Your Details, The App Will Assess Your Eligibility. Some Apps May Offer Instant Approval Based On The Information You Provide. Disbursement Of Funds: If Approved, The Loan Amount Will Usually Be Disbursed To Your Linked Bank Account Quickly, Often Within Minutes Or Hours. Repayment: Be Aware Of The Repayment Terms, Including Interest Rates, Fees, And The Schedule Of Payments. Ensure That You Follow The Repayment Schedule To Avoid Penalties. Important Tips: Read Terms Carefully: Make Sure To Check The Loan Terms, Interest Rates, And Fees Before Applying. Check Eligibility: Some Apps Have Specific Eligibility Criteria, Such As A Minimum Income Or Credit Score. Beware Of High-Interest Loans: While These Apps Offer Quick Loans, They Might Come With High-interest Rates Or Hidden Fees. Would You Like Help With Something Specific About Applying For A Loan Through An App? You Said: 12000 Wordss Hprovide Home Loan ,car Loan ,business Loan, Mortgage Loan, Gold Loan ) ChatGPT Said: It Sounds Like You're Asking For Information Or A Detailed Explanation Regarding Various Types Of Loans, Such As Home Loans, Car Loans, Business Loans, Mortgage Loans, And Gold Loans. Below, I'll Provide A Detailed Explanation Of Each Type Of Loan In Around 12000 Words. However, Due To The Size Limitation Here, I Will Provide Summaries For Each Loan Type. If You Need Specific Details On Any One Of Them, Feel Free To Ask! 1. Home Loan: A Home Loan Is A Financial Product That Allows Individuals To Borrow Money From A Lender (typically A Bank Or Financial Institution) To Purchase, Build, Or Renovate A House Or Property. Home Loans Are Usually Long-term Loans With A Repayment Period Ranging From 10 To 30 Years. The Loan Is Secured By The Property You Are Purchasing, Meaning That The Lender Can Take Possession Of The Property If You Fail To Repay The Loan. Types Of Home Loans: Home Purchase Loan: For Buying A New Or Existing Property. Home Construction Loan: For Constructing A House On A Plot Of Land. Home Improvement Loan: For Renovating Or Upgrading An Existing Home. Balance Transfer Home Loan: To Transfer The Outstanding Balance Of A Home Loan From One Lender To Another, Typically To Benefit From Lower Interest Rates. Eligibility Criteria: Age: Generally Between 18 To 65 Years. Income: Steady Monthly Income From A Job Or Business. Credit Score: Good Credit History. Employment Type: Salaried, Self-employed, Or Business Owner. Property Type: Residential Property, As Per The Lender's Requirements. Interest Rates: Home Loans Can Either Have Fixed Interest Rates (where The Rate Remains Constant Throughout The Loan Term) Or Floating Interest Rates (which Change According To Market Conditions). Repayment: Equated Monthly Installments (EMIs) Are Calculated Based On The Loan Amount, Interest Rate, And Loan Tenure. EMIs Generally Consist Of Both Principal And Interest Payments. 2. Car Loan: A Car Loan Is A Type Of Loan Specifically Designed To Help Individuals Purchase A Vehicle. The Loan Amount Is Typically Given By Banks, Car Dealerships, Or Financial Institutions. The Car Itself Serves As Collateral For The Loan, Which Means The Lender Has The Right To Repossess The Vehicle If The Borrower Fails To Repay The Loan. Types Of Car Loans: New Car Loan: For Purchasing A Brand-new Car. Used Car Loan: For Purchasing A Second-hand Car, Usually With Slightly Higher Interest Rates. Loan Against Car: Borrowing Money Against The Car's Value, Where The Car Acts As Collateral. Eligibility Criteria: Age: Usually Between 21 To 65 Years. Income: Must Have A Stable Source Of Income. Credit Score: A Good Credit Score Is Necessary For Favorable Loan Terms. Down Payment: Often, A Down Payment Of 10% To 20% Is Required. Interest Rates: Interest Rates For Car Loans Can Either Be Fixed Or Floating, And They Depend On Factors Like The Type Of Vehicle, Tenure, And Your Creditworthiness. Repayment: The Loan Is Repaid In EMIs Over A Period, Typically Ranging From 1 To 7 Years. The EMI Amount Is Calculated Based On The Loan Amount, Tenure, And Interest Rate. 3. Business Loan: A Business Loan Is A Financial Product That Helps Entrepreneurs, Startups, Or Established Businesses Obtain The Necessary Capital To Expand Or Run Their Business Operations. Business Loans Can Be Used For Various Purposes Such As Purchasing Equipment, Hiring Employees, Or Expanding The Company's Infrastructure. Types Of Business Loans: Term Loans: Traditional Loans With A Fixed Amount And Repayment Schedule. Working Capital Loan: Helps Businesses Meet Daily Operating Expenses Like Payroll, Inventory, Etc. Equipment Loan: Specifically For Purchasing Business Equipment. Line Of Credit: A Revolving Credit Facility That Businesses Can Draw Upon As Needed. Invoice Financing: Borrowing Money Against Unpaid Invoices. Merchant Cash Advance: A Loan Based On The Company’s Credit Card Sales. Eligibility Criteria: Business Vintage: The Business Must Be Operating For A Certain Number Of Years. Revenue: Minimum Annual Revenue Requirements Are Often Set. Creditworthiness: Both The Business And Personal Credit Scores Are Considered. Documents Required: Financial Statements, Business Tax Returns, And Ownership Documents. Interest Rates: Interest Rates For Business Loans Vary Depending On The Loan Type, Tenure, And The Credit Profile Of The Business. Some Loans May Have Fixed Rates, While Others May Have Variable Rates. Repayment: Business Loans Are Typically Repaid Through EMIs, Though Some Loans May Have A Flexible Repayment Structure Depending On The Business Cash Flow. 4. Mortgage Loan: A Mortgage Loan Is A Type Of Secured Loan Where The Borrower Offers Their Property (residential Or Commercial) As Collateral To The Lender. Mortgage Loans Are Primarily Used For Purchasing Real Estate But Can Also Be Taken For Refinancing Or Renovating A Property. Types Of Mortgage Loans: Home Mortgage Loan: Used For Purchasing A Home. Commercial Mortgage Loan: Used For Purchasing Or Refinancing Commercial Real Estate. Refinance Mortgage: To Replace An Existing Mortgage Loan With A New One, Usually With Better Terms. Reverse Mortgage: Available For Senior Citizens, Where They Can Convert The Equity Of Their Property Into A Loan. Eligibility Criteria: Age: Generally Between 21 To 65 Years. Income: A Steady Income From A Salary, Business, Or Other Sources. Property: The Property Must Meet The Lender’s Valuation Requirements. Credit Score: A Good Credit Score Helps In Securing Better Loan Terms. Interest Rates: Mortgage Loans Have Interest Rates That Are Typically Lower Than Unsecured Loans Because The Property Acts As Collateral. Rates May Be Fixed Or Floating. Repayment: Mortgage Loans Are Usually Repaid In EMIs Over A Long Period, Ranging From 10 To 30 Years. 5. Gold Loan: A Gold Loan Is A Secured Loan Where The Borrower Pledges Their Gold Ornaments Or Coins As Collateral To Obtain A Loan. Gold Loans Are Popular In Many Countries Because They Offer A Quick And Easy Way To Access Funds Without The Need For A Credit Score Or Income Verification. Types Of Gold Loans: Loan Against Gold Jewelry: The Most Common Type, Where Gold Ornaments Are Pledged. Loan Against Gold Coins: Loans Offered Against The Value Of Gold Coins. Overdraft Facility On Gold: A Facility Where The Borrower Can Withdraw Amounts As Per Their Needs From A Pre-approved Credit Limit, Secured By Gold. Eligibility Criteria: Gold Quality: The Gold Must Meet The Lender’s Quality Standards. Age: Typically Between 18 To 65 Years. Loan Amount: The Loan Is Given Based On The Value Of The Pledged Gold. Interest Rates: Gold Loan Interest Rates Tend To Be Lower Than Those Of Unsecured Loans Because The Loan Is Secured By Gold. Repayment: Gold Loans Can Have Flexible Repayment Options, Including EMIs, Lump Sum Payment, Or Interest-only Payments With Principal Repayment At The End Of The Loan Term. Conclusion: Loans For A Home, Car, Business, Mortgage, Or Gold Are Vital Tools For Financial Growth And Personal Needs. However, Each Type Of Loan Has Specific Eligibility Criteria, Interest Rates, And Repayment Methods. It Is Important To Choose The Right Loan Based On Your Needs, Financial Situation, And Repayment Capacity. If You'd Like More Detailed Information On Any Particular Loan Type Or Need Assistance With Applying For Any Of Them, Feel Free To Let Me Know!
By jhiykgb
Steps to Apply for an Instant Personal Loan via Moneyverss or Similar Apps: Download the App: Go to the Google Play Store (for Android) or App Store (for iOS). Search for the Moneyverss app or any similar loan apps you want to use. Download and install the app. Create an Account: Open the app and sign up using your phone number or email address. Please provide some basic personal information like name, address, and date of birth. Select Loan Type: Choose the type of loan you want (e.g., personal loan, payday loan, etc.). Specify the loan amount and the repayment period that works for you. Upload Documents: Typically, you will be required to upload some basic documents for verification. This might include: Aadhar Card (for identity verification) PAN Card (for income proof) Bank Account Details Proof of Income (salary slip, bank statement) Loan Approval: Once you have submitted your details, the app will assess your eligibility. Some apps may offer instant approval based on the information you provide. Disbursement of Funds: If approved, the loan amount will usually be disbursed to your linked bank account quickly, often within minutes or hours. Repayment: Be aware of the repayment terms, including interest rates, fees, and the schedule of payments. Ensure that you follow the repayment schedule to avoid penalties. Important Tips: Read Terms Carefully: Make sure to check the loan terms, interest rates, and fees before applying. Check Eligibility: Some apps have specific eligibility criteria, such as a minimum income or credit score. Beware of High-Interest Loans: While these apps offer quick loans, they might come with high-interest rates or hidden fees. Would you like help with something specific about applying for a loan through an app? You said: 12000 wordss hprovide home loan ,car loan ,business loan, mortgage loan, gold loan ) ChatGPT said: It sounds like you're asking for information or a detailed explanation regarding various types of loans, such as home loans , car loans , business loans , mortgage loans , and gold loans . Below, I'll provide a detailed explanation of each type of loan in around 12000 words. However, due to the size limitation here, I will provide summaries for each loan type. If you need specific details on any one of them, feel free to ask! 1. Home Loan: A home loan is a financial product that allows individuals to borrow money from a lender (typically a bank or financial institution) to purchase, build, or renovate a house or property. Home loans are usually long-term loans with a repayment period ranging from 10 to 30 years. The loan is secured by the property you are purchasing, meaning that the lender can take possession of the property if you fail to repay the loan. Types of Home Loans: Home Purchase Loan: For buying a new or existing property. Home Construction Loan: For constructing a house on a plot of land. Home Improvement Loan: For renovating or upgrading an existing home. Balance Transfer Home Loan: To transfer the outstanding balance of a home loan from one lender to another, typically to benefit from lower interest rates. Eligibility Criteria: Age: Generally between 18 to 65 years. Income: Steady monthly income from a job or business. Credit Score: Good credit history. Employment Type: Salaried, self-employed, or business owner. Property Type: Residential property, as per the lender's requirements. Interest Rates: Home loans can either have fixed interest rates (where the rate remains constant throughout the loan term) or floating interest rates (which change according to market conditions). Repayment: Equated Monthly Installments (EMIs) are calculated based on the loan amount, interest rate, and loan tenure. EMIs generally consist of both principal and interest payments. 2. Car Loan: A car loan is a type of loan specifically designed to help individuals purchase a vehicle. The loan amount is typically given by banks, car dealerships, or financial institutions. The car itself serves as collateral for the loan, which means the lender has the right to repossess the vehicle if the borrower fails to repay the loan. Types of Car Loans: New Car Loan: For purchasing a brand-new car. Used Car Loan: For purchasing a second-hand car, usually with slightly higher interest rates. Loan Against Car: Borrowing money against the car's value, where the car acts as collateral. Eligibility Criteria: Age: Usually between 21 to 65 years. Income: Must have a stable source of income. Credit Score: A good credit score is necessary for favorable loan terms. Down Payment: Often, a down payment of 10% to 20% is required. Interest Rates: Interest rates for car loans can either be fixed or floating , and they depend on factors like the type of vehicle, tenure, and your creditworthiness. Repayment: The loan is repaid in EMIs over a period, typically ranging from 1 to 7 years. The EMI amount is calculated based on the loan amount, tenure, and interest rate. 3. Business Loan: A business loan is a financial product that helps entrepreneurs, startups, or established businesses obtain the necessary capital to expand or run their business operations. Business loans can be used for various purposes such as purchasing equipment, hiring employees, or expanding the company's infrastructure. Types of Business Loans: Term Loans: Traditional loans with a fixed amount and repayment schedule. Working Capital Loan: Helps businesses meet daily operating expenses like payroll, inventory, etc. Equipment Loan: Specifically for purchasing business equipment. Line of Credit: A revolving credit facility that businesses can draw upon as needed. Invoice Financing: Borrowing money against unpaid invoices. Merchant Cash Advance: A loan based on the company’s credit card sales. Eligibility Criteria: Business Vintage: The business must be operating for a certain number of years. Revenue: Minimum annual revenue requirements are often set. Creditworthiness: Both the business and personal credit scores are considered. Documents Required: Financial statements, business tax returns, and ownership documents. Interest Rates: Interest rates for business loans vary depending on the loan type, tenure, and the credit profile of the business. Some loans may have fixed rates, while others may have variable rates. Repayment: Business loans are typically repaid through EMIs , though some loans may have a flexible repayment structure depending on the business cash flow. 4. Mortgage Loan: A mortgage loan is a type of secured loan where the borrower offers their property (residential or commercial) as collateral to the lender. Mortgage loans are primarily used for purchasing real estate but can also be taken for refinancing or renovating a property. Types of Mortgage Loans: Home Mortgage Loan: Used for purchasing a home. Commercial Mortgage Loan: Used for purchasing or refinancing commercial real estate. Refinance Mortgage: To replace an existing mortgage loan with a new one, usually with better terms. Reverse Mortgage: Available for senior citizens, where they can convert the equity of their property into a loan. Eligibility Criteria: Age: Generally between 21 to 65 years. Income: A steady income from a salary, business, or other sources. Property: The property must meet the lender’s valuation requirements. Credit Score: A good credit score helps in securing better loan terms. Interest Rates: Mortgage loans have interest rates that are typically lower than unsecured loans because the property acts as collateral. Rates may be fixed or floating . Repayment: Mortgage loans are usually repaid in EMIs over a long period, ranging from 10 to 30 years. 5. Gold Loan: A gold loan is a secured loan where the borrower pledges their gold ornaments or coins as collateral to obtain a loan. Gold loans are popular in many countries because they offer a quick and easy way to access funds without the need for a credit score or income verification. Types of Gold Loans: Loan Against Gold Jewelry: The most common type, where gold ornaments are pledged. Loan Against Gold Coins: Loans offered against the value of gold coins. Overdraft Facility on Gold: A facility where the borrower can withdraw amounts as per their needs from a pre-approved credit limit, secured by gold. Eligibility Criteria: Gold Quality: The gold must meet the lender’s quality standards. Age: Typically between 18 to 65 years. Loan Amount: The loan is given based on the value of the pledged gold. Interest Rates: Gold loan interest rates tend to be lower than those of unsecured loans because the loan is secured by gold. Repayment: Gold loans can have flexible repayment options, including EMIs , lump sum payment , or interest-only payments with principal repayment at the end of the loan term. Conclusion: Loans for a home, car, business, mortgage, or gold are vital tools for financial growth and personal needs. However, each type of loan has specific eligibility criteria, interest rates, and repayment methods. It is important to choose the right loan based on your needs, financial situation, and repayment capacity. If you'd like more detailed information on any particular loan type or need assistance with applying for any of them, feel free to let me know!
“Steps To Apply For An Instant Personal Loan Via Moneyverss Or Similar Apps: Download The App: Go To The Google Play Store (for Android) Or App Store (for IOS). Search For The Moneyverss App Or Any Similar Loan Apps You Want To Use. Download And Install The App. Create An Account: Open The App And Sign Up Using Your Phone Number Or Email Address. Please Provide Some Basic Personal Information Like Name, Address, And Date Of Birth. Select Loan Type: Choose The Type Of Loan You Want (e.g., Personal Loan, Payday Loan, Etc.). Specify The Loan Amount And The Repayment Period That Works For You. Upload Documents: Typically, You Will Be Required To Upload Some Basic Documents For Verification. This Might Include: Aadhar Card (for Identity Verification) PAN Card (for Income Proof) Bank Account Details Proof Of Income (salary Slip, Bank Statement) Loan Approval: Once You Have Submitted Your Details, The App Will Assess Your Eligibility. Some Apps May Offer Instant Approval Based On The Information You Provide. Disbursement Of Funds: If Approved, The Loan Amount Will Usually Be Disbursed To Your Linked Bank Account Quickly, Often Within Minutes Or Hours. Repayment: Be Aware Of The Repayment Terms, Including Interest Rates, Fees, And The Schedule Of Payments. Ensure That You Follow The Repayment Schedule To Avoid Penalties. Important Tips: Read Terms Carefully: Make Sure To Check The Loan Terms, Interest Rates, And Fees Before Applying. Check Eligibility: Some Apps Have Specific Eligibility Criteria, Such As A Minimum Income Or Credit Score. Beware Of High-Interest Loans: While These Apps Offer Quick Loans, They Might Come With High-interest Rates Or Hidden Fees. Would You Like Help With Something Specific About Applying For A Loan Through An App? You Said: 12000 Wordss Hprovide Home Loan ,car Loan ,business Loan, Mortgage Loan, Gold Loan ) ChatGPT Said: It Sounds Like You're Asking For Information Or A Detailed Explanation Regarding Various Types Of Loans, Such As Home Loans, Car Loans, Business Loans, Mortgage Loans, And Gold Loans. Below, I'll Provide A Detailed Explanation Of Each Type Of Loan In Around 12000 Words. However, Due To The Size Limitation Here, I Will Provide Summaries For Each Loan Type. If You Need Specific Details On Any One Of Them, Feel Free To Ask! 1. Home Loan: A Home Loan Is A Financial Product That Allows Individuals To Borrow Money From A Lender (typically A Bank Or Financial Institution) To Purchase, Build, Or Renovate A House Or Property. Home Loans Are Usually Long-term Loans With A Repayment Period Ranging From 10 To 30 Years. The Loan Is Secured By The Property You Are Purchasing, Meaning That The Lender Can Take Possession Of The Property If You Fail To Repay The Loan. Types Of Home Loans: Home Purchase Loan: For Buying A New Or Existing Property. Home Construction Loan: For Constructing A House On A Plot Of Land. Home Improvement Loan: For Renovating Or Upgrading An Existing Home. Balance Transfer Home Loan: To Transfer The Outstanding Balance Of A Home Loan From One Lender To Another, Typically To Benefit From Lower Interest Rates. Eligibility Criteria: Age: Generally Between 18 To 65 Years. Income: Steady Monthly Income From A Job Or Business. Credit Score: Good Credit History. Employment Type: Salaried, Self-employed, Or Business Owner. Property Type: Residential Property, As Per The Lender's Requirements. Interest Rates: Home Loans Can Either Have Fixed Interest Rates (where The Rate Remains Constant Throughout The Loan Term) Or Floating Interest Rates (which Change According To Market Conditions). Repayment: Equated Monthly Installments (EMIs) Are Calculated Based On The Loan Amount, Interest Rate, And Loan Tenure. EMIs Generally Consist Of Both Principal And Interest Payments. 2. Car Loan: A Car Loan Is A Type Of Loan Specifically Designed To Help Individuals Purchase A Vehicle. The Loan Amount Is Typically Given By Banks, Car Dealerships, Or Financial Institutions. The Car Itself Serves As Collateral For The Loan, Which Means The Lender Has The Right To Repossess The Vehicle If The Borrower Fails To Repay The Loan. Types Of Car Loans: New Car Loan: For Purchasing A Brand-new Car. Used Car Loan: For Purchasing A Second-hand Car, Usually With Slightly Higher Interest Rates. Loan Against Car: Borrowing Money Against The Car's Value, Where The Car Acts As Collateral. Eligibility Criteria: Age: Usually Between 21 To 65 Years. Income: Must Have A Stable Source Of Income. Credit Score: A Good Credit Score Is Necessary For Favorable Loan Terms. Down Payment: Often, A Down Payment Of 10% To 20% Is Required. Interest Rates: Interest Rates For Car Loans Can Either Be Fixed Or Floating, And They Depend On Factors Like The Type Of Vehicle, Tenure, And Your Creditworthiness. Repayment: The Loan Is Repaid In EMIs Over A Period, Typically Ranging From 1 To 7 Years. The EMI Amount Is Calculated Based On The Loan Amount, Tenure, And Interest Rate. 3. Business Loan: A Business Loan Is A Financial Product That Helps Entrepreneurs, Startups, Or Established Businesses Obtain The Necessary Capital To Expand Or Run Their Business Operations. Business Loans Can Be Used For Various Purposes Such As Purchasing Equipment, Hiring Employees, Or Expanding The Company's Infrastructure. Types Of Business Loans: Term Loans: Traditional Loans With A Fixed Amount And Repayment Schedule. Working Capital Loan: Helps Businesses Meet Daily Operating Expenses Like Payroll, Inventory, Etc. Equipment Loan: Specifically For Purchasing Business Equipment. Line Of Credit: A Revolving Credit Facility That Businesses Can Draw Upon As Needed. Invoice Financing: Borrowing Money Against Unpaid Invoices. Merchant Cash Advance: A Loan Based On The Company’s Credit Card Sales. Eligibility Criteria: Business Vintage: The Business Must Be Operating For A Certain Number Of Years. Revenue: Minimum Annual Revenue Requirements Are Often Set. Creditworthiness: Both The Business And Personal Credit Scores Are Considered. Documents Required: Financial Statements, Business Tax Returns, And Ownership Documents. Interest Rates: Interest Rates For Business Loans Vary Depending On The Loan Type, Tenure, And The Credit Profile Of The Business. Some Loans May Have Fixed Rates, While Others May Have Variable Rates. Repayment: Business Loans Are Typically Repaid Through EMIs, Though Some Loans May Have A Flexible Repayment Structure Depending On The Business Cash Flow. 4. Mortgage Loan: A Mortgage Loan Is A Type Of Secured Loan Where The Borrower Offers Their Property (residential Or Commercial) As Collateral To The Lender. Mortgage Loans Are Primarily Used For Purchasing Real Estate But Can Also Be Taken For Refinancing Or Renovating A Property. Types Of Mortgage Loans: Home Mortgage Loan: Used For Purchasing A Home. Commercial Mortgage Loan: Used For Purchasing Or Refinancing Commercial Real Estate. Refinance Mortgage: To Replace An Existing Mortgage Loan With A New One, Usually With Better Terms. Reverse Mortgage: Available For Senior Citizens, Where They Can Convert The Equity Of Their Property Into A Loan. Eligibility Criteria: Age: Generally Between 21 To 65 Years. Income: A Steady Income From A Salary, Business, Or Other Sources. Property: The Property Must Meet The Lender’s Valuation Requirements. Credit Score: A Good Credit Score Helps In Securing Better Loan Terms. Interest Rates: Mortgage Loans Have Interest Rates That Are Typically Lower Than Unsecured Loans Because The Property Acts As Collateral. Rates May Be Fixed Or Floating. Repayment: Mortgage Loans Are Usually Repaid In EMIs Over A Long Period, Ranging From 10 To 30 Years. 5. Gold Loan: A Gold Loan Is A Secured Loan Where The Borrower Pledges Their Gold Ornaments Or Coins As Collateral To Obtain A Loan. Gold Loans Are Popular In Many Countries Because They Offer A Quick And Easy Way To Access Funds Without The Need For A Credit Score Or Income Verification. Types Of Gold Loans: Loan Against Gold Jewelry: The Most Common Type, Where Gold Ornaments Are Pledged. Loan Against Gold Coins: Loans Offered Against The Value Of Gold Coins. Overdraft Facility On Gold: A Facility Where The Borrower Can Withdraw Amounts As Per Their Needs From A Pre-approved Credit Limit, Secured By Gold. Eligibility Criteria: Gold Quality: The Gold Must Meet The Lender’s Quality Standards. Age: Typically Between 18 To 65 Years. Loan Amount: The Loan Is Given Based On The Value Of The Pledged Gold. Interest Rates: Gold Loan Interest Rates Tend To Be Lower Than Those Of Unsecured Loans Because The Loan Is Secured By Gold. Repayment: Gold Loans Can Have Flexible Repayment Options, Including EMIs, Lump Sum Payment, Or Interest-only Payments With Principal Repayment At The End Of The Loan Term. Conclusion: Loans For A Home, Car, Business, Mortgage, Or Gold Are Vital Tools For Financial Growth And Personal Needs. However, Each Type Of Loan Has Specific Eligibility Criteria, Interest Rates, And Repayment Methods. It Is Important To Choose The Right Loan Based On Your Needs, Financial Situation, And Repayment Capacity. If You'd Like More Detailed Information On Any Particular Loan Type Or Need Assistance With Applying For Any Of Them, Feel Free To Let Me Know!” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Steps To Apply For An Instant Personal Loan Via Moneyverss Or Similar Apps: Download The App: Go To The Google Play Store (for Android) Or App Store (for IOS). Search For The Moneyverss App Or Any Similar Loan Apps You Want To Use. Download And Install The App. Create An Account: Open The App And Sign Up Using Your Phone Number Or Email Address. Please Provide Some Basic Personal Information Like Name, Address, And Date Of Birth. Select Loan Type: Choose The Type Of Loan You Want (e.g., Personal Loan, Payday Loan, Etc.). Specify The Loan Amount And The Repayment Period That Works For You. Upload Documents: Typically, You Will Be Required To Upload Some Basic Documents For Verification. This Might Include: Aadhar Card (for Identity Verification) PAN Card (for Income Proof) Bank Account Details Proof Of Income (salary Slip, Bank Statement) Loan Approval: Once You Have Submitted Your Details, The App Will Assess Your Eligibility. Some Apps May Offer Instant Approval Based On The Information You Provide. Disbursement Of Funds: If Approved, The Loan Amount Will Usually Be Disbursed To Your Linked Bank Account Quickly, Often Within Minutes Or Hours. Repayment: Be Aware Of The Repayment Terms, Including Interest Rates, Fees, And The Schedule Of Payments. Ensure That You Follow The Repayment Schedule To Avoid Penalties. Important Tips: Read Terms Carefully: Make Sure To Check The Loan Terms, Interest Rates, And Fees Before Applying. Check Eligibility: Some Apps Have Specific Eligibility Criteria, Such As A Minimum Income Or Credit Score. Beware Of High-Interest Loans: While These Apps Offer Quick Loans, They Might Come With High-interest Rates Or Hidden Fees. Would You Like Help With Something Specific About Applying For A Loan Through An App? You Said: 12000 Wordss Hprovide Home Loan ,car Loan ,business Loan, Mortgage Loan, Gold Loan ) ChatGPT Said: It Sounds Like You're Asking For Information Or A Detailed Explanation Regarding Various Types Of Loans, Such As Home Loans, Car Loans, Business Loans, Mortgage Loans, And Gold Loans. Below, I'll Provide A Detailed Explanation Of Each Type Of Loan In Around 12000 Words. However, Due To The Size Limitation Here, I Will Provide Summaries For Each Loan Type. If You Need Specific Details On Any One Of Them, Feel Free To Ask! 1. Home Loan: A Home Loan Is A Financial Product That Allows Individuals To Borrow Money From A Lender (typically A Bank Or Financial Institution) To Purchase, Build, Or Renovate A House Or Property. Home Loans Are Usually Long-term Loans With A Repayment Period Ranging From 10 To 30 Years. The Loan Is Secured By The Property You Are Purchasing, Meaning That The Lender Can Take Possession Of The Property If You Fail To Repay The Loan. Types Of Home Loans: Home Purchase Loan: For Buying A New Or Existing Property. Home Construction Loan: For Constructing A House On A Plot Of Land. Home Improvement Loan: For Renovating Or Upgrading An Existing Home. Balance Transfer Home Loan: To Transfer The Outstanding Balance Of A Home Loan From One Lender To Another, Typically To Benefit From Lower Interest Rates. Eligibility Criteria: Age: Generally Between 18 To 65 Years. Income: Steady Monthly Income From A Job Or Business. Credit Score: Good Credit History. Employment Type: Salaried, Self-employed, Or Business Owner. Property Type: Residential Property, As Per The Lender's Requirements. Interest Rates: Home Loans Can Either Have Fixed Interest Rates (where The Rate Remains Constant Throughout The Loan Term) Or Floating Interest Rates (which Change According To Market Conditions). Repayment: Equated Monthly Installments (EMIs) Are Calculated Based On The Loan Amount, Interest Rate, And Loan Tenure. EMIs Generally Consist Of Both Principal And Interest Payments. 2. Car Loan: A Car Loan Is A Type Of Loan Specifically Designed To Help Individuals Purchase A Vehicle. The Loan Amount Is Typically Given By Banks, Car Dealerships, Or Financial Institutions. The Car Itself Serves As Collateral For The Loan, Which Means The Lender Has The Right To Repossess The Vehicle If The Borrower Fails To Repay The Loan. Types Of Car Loans: New Car Loan: For Purchasing A Brand-new Car. Used Car Loan: For Purchasing A Second-hand Car, Usually With Slightly Higher Interest Rates. Loan Against Car: Borrowing Money Against The Car's Value, Where The Car Acts As Collateral. Eligibility Criteria: Age: Usually Between 21 To 65 Years. Income: Must Have A Stable Source Of Income. Credit Score: A Good Credit Score Is Necessary For Favorable Loan Terms. Down Payment: Often, A Down Payment Of 10% To 20% Is Required. Interest Rates: Interest Rates For Car Loans Can Either Be Fixed Or Floating, And They Depend On Factors Like The Type Of Vehicle, Tenure, And Your Creditworthiness. Repayment: The Loan Is Repaid In EMIs Over A Period, Typically Ranging From 1 To 7 Years. The EMI Amount Is Calculated Based On The Loan Amount, Tenure, And Interest Rate. 3. Business Loan: A Business Loan Is A Financial Product That Helps Entrepreneurs, Startups, Or Established Businesses Obtain The Necessary Capital To Expand Or Run Their Business Operations. Business Loans Can Be Used For Various Purposes Such As Purchasing Equipment, Hiring Employees, Or Expanding The Company's Infrastructure. Types Of Business Loans: Term Loans: Traditional Loans With A Fixed Amount And Repayment Schedule. Working Capital Loan: Helps Businesses Meet Daily Operating Expenses Like Payroll, Inventory, Etc. Equipment Loan: Specifically For Purchasing Business Equipment. Line Of Credit: A Revolving Credit Facility That Businesses Can Draw Upon As Needed. Invoice Financing: Borrowing Money Against Unpaid Invoices. Merchant Cash Advance: A Loan Based On The Company’s Credit Card Sales. Eligibility Criteria: Business Vintage: The Business Must Be Operating For A Certain Number Of Years. Revenue: Minimum Annual Revenue Requirements Are Often Set. Creditworthiness: Both The Business And Personal Credit Scores Are Considered. Documents Required: Financial Statements, Business Tax Returns, And Ownership Documents. Interest Rates: Interest Rates For Business Loans Vary Depending On The Loan Type, Tenure, And The Credit Profile Of The Business. Some Loans May Have Fixed Rates, While Others May Have Variable Rates. Repayment: Business Loans Are Typically Repaid Through EMIs, Though Some Loans May Have A Flexible Repayment Structure Depending On The Business Cash Flow. 4. Mortgage Loan: A Mortgage Loan Is A Type Of Secured Loan Where The Borrower Offers Their Property (residential Or Commercial) As Collateral To The Lender. Mortgage Loans Are Primarily Used For Purchasing Real Estate But Can Also Be Taken For Refinancing Or Renovating A Property. Types Of Mortgage Loans: Home Mortgage Loan: Used For Purchasing A Home. Commercial Mortgage Loan: Used For Purchasing Or Refinancing Commercial Real Estate. Refinance Mortgage: To Replace An Existing Mortgage Loan With A New One, Usually With Better Terms. Reverse Mortgage: Available For Senior Citizens, Where They Can Convert The Equity Of Their Property Into A Loan. Eligibility Criteria: Age: Generally Between 21 To 65 Years. Income: A Steady Income From A Salary, Business, Or Other Sources. Property: The Property Must Meet The Lender’s Valuation Requirements. Credit Score: A Good Credit Score Helps In Securing Better Loan Terms. Interest Rates: Mortgage Loans Have Interest Rates That Are Typically Lower Than Unsecured Loans Because The Property Acts As Collateral. Rates May Be Fixed Or Floating. Repayment: Mortgage Loans Are Usually Repaid In EMIs Over A Long Period, Ranging From 10 To 30 Years. 5. Gold Loan: A Gold Loan Is A Secured Loan Where The Borrower Pledges Their Gold Ornaments Or Coins As Collateral To Obtain A Loan. Gold Loans Are Popular In Many Countries Because They Offer A Quick And Easy Way To Access Funds Without The Need For A Credit Score Or Income Verification. Types Of Gold Loans: Loan Against Gold Jewelry: The Most Common Type, Where Gold Ornaments Are Pledged. Loan Against Gold Coins: Loans Offered Against The Value Of Gold Coins. Overdraft Facility On Gold: A Facility Where The Borrower Can Withdraw Amounts As Per Their Needs From A Pre-approved Credit Limit, Secured By Gold. Eligibility Criteria: Gold Quality: The Gold Must Meet The Lender’s Quality Standards. Age: Typically Between 18 To 65 Years. Loan Amount: The Loan Is Given Based On The Value Of The Pledged Gold. Interest Rates: Gold Loan Interest Rates Tend To Be Lower Than Those Of Unsecured Loans Because The Loan Is Secured By Gold. Repayment: Gold Loans Can Have Flexible Repayment Options, Including EMIs, Lump Sum Payment, Or Interest-only Payments With Principal Repayment At The End Of The Loan Term. Conclusion: Loans For A Home, Car, Business, Mortgage, Or Gold Are Vital Tools For Financial Growth And Personal Needs. However, Each Type Of Loan Has Specific Eligibility Criteria, Interest Rates, And Repayment Methods. It Is Important To Choose The Right Loan Based On Your Needs, Financial Situation, And Repayment Capacity. If You'd Like More Detailed Information On Any Particular Loan Type Or Need Assistance With Applying For Any Of Them, Feel Free To Let Me Know!
- Author: jhiykgb
- Language: english-handwritten
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Find Steps To Apply For An Instant Personal Loan Via Moneyverss Or Similar Apps: Download The App: Go To The Google Play Store (for Android) Or App Store (for IOS). Search For The Moneyverss App Or Any Similar Loan Apps You Want To Use. Download And Install The App. Create An Account: Open The App And Sign Up Using Your Phone Number Or Email Address. Please Provide Some Basic Personal Information Like Name, Address, And Date Of Birth. Select Loan Type: Choose The Type Of Loan You Want (e.g., Personal Loan, Payday Loan, Etc.). Specify The Loan Amount And The Repayment Period That Works For You. Upload Documents: Typically, You Will Be Required To Upload Some Basic Documents For Verification. This Might Include: Aadhar Card (for Identity Verification) PAN Card (for Income Proof) Bank Account Details Proof Of Income (salary Slip, Bank Statement) Loan Approval: Once You Have Submitted Your Details, The App Will Assess Your Eligibility. Some Apps May Offer Instant Approval Based On The Information You Provide. Disbursement Of Funds: If Approved, The Loan Amount Will Usually Be Disbursed To Your Linked Bank Account Quickly, Often Within Minutes Or Hours. Repayment: Be Aware Of The Repayment Terms, Including Interest Rates, Fees, And The Schedule Of Payments. Ensure That You Follow The Repayment Schedule To Avoid Penalties. Important Tips: Read Terms Carefully: Make Sure To Check The Loan Terms, Interest Rates, And Fees Before Applying. Check Eligibility: Some Apps Have Specific Eligibility Criteria, Such As A Minimum Income Or Credit Score. Beware Of High-Interest Loans: While These Apps Offer Quick Loans, They Might Come With High-interest Rates Or Hidden Fees. Would You Like Help With Something Specific About Applying For A Loan Through An App? You Said: 12000 Wordss Hprovide Home Loan ,car Loan ,business Loan, Mortgage Loan, Gold Loan ) ChatGPT Said: It Sounds Like You're Asking For Information Or A Detailed Explanation Regarding Various Types Of Loans, Such As Home Loans, Car Loans, Business Loans, Mortgage Loans, And Gold Loans. Below, I'll Provide A Detailed Explanation Of Each Type Of Loan In Around 12000 Words. However, Due To The Size Limitation Here, I Will Provide Summaries For Each Loan Type. If You Need Specific Details On Any One Of Them, Feel Free To Ask! 1. Home Loan: A Home Loan Is A Financial Product That Allows Individuals To Borrow Money From A Lender (typically A Bank Or Financial Institution) To Purchase, Build, Or Renovate A House Or Property. Home Loans Are Usually Long-term Loans With A Repayment Period Ranging From 10 To 30 Years. The Loan Is Secured By The Property You Are Purchasing, Meaning That The Lender Can Take Possession Of The Property If You Fail To Repay The Loan. Types Of Home Loans: Home Purchase Loan: For Buying A New Or Existing Property. Home Construction Loan: For Constructing A House On A Plot Of Land. Home Improvement Loan: For Renovating Or Upgrading An Existing Home. Balance Transfer Home Loan: To Transfer The Outstanding Balance Of A Home Loan From One Lender To Another, Typically To Benefit From Lower Interest Rates. Eligibility Criteria: Age: Generally Between 18 To 65 Years. Income: Steady Monthly Income From A Job Or Business. Credit Score: Good Credit History. Employment Type: Salaried, Self-employed, Or Business Owner. Property Type: Residential Property, As Per The Lender's Requirements. Interest Rates: Home Loans Can Either Have Fixed Interest Rates (where The Rate Remains Constant Throughout The Loan Term) Or Floating Interest Rates (which Change According To Market Conditions). Repayment: Equated Monthly Installments (EMIs) Are Calculated Based On The Loan Amount, Interest Rate, And Loan Tenure. EMIs Generally Consist Of Both Principal And Interest Payments. 2. Car Loan: A Car Loan Is A Type Of Loan Specifically Designed To Help Individuals Purchase A Vehicle. The Loan Amount Is Typically Given By Banks, Car Dealerships, Or Financial Institutions. The Car Itself Serves As Collateral For The Loan, Which Means The Lender Has The Right To Repossess The Vehicle If The Borrower Fails To Repay The Loan. Types Of Car Loans: New Car Loan: For Purchasing A Brand-new Car. Used Car Loan: For Purchasing A Second-hand Car, Usually With Slightly Higher Interest Rates. Loan Against Car: Borrowing Money Against The Car's Value, Where The Car Acts As Collateral. Eligibility Criteria: Age: Usually Between 21 To 65 Years. Income: Must Have A Stable Source Of Income. Credit Score: A Good Credit Score Is Necessary For Favorable Loan Terms. Down Payment: Often, A Down Payment Of 10% To 20% Is Required. Interest Rates: Interest Rates For Car Loans Can Either Be Fixed Or Floating, And They Depend On Factors Like The Type Of Vehicle, Tenure, And Your Creditworthiness. Repayment: The Loan Is Repaid In EMIs Over A Period, Typically Ranging From 1 To 7 Years. The EMI Amount Is Calculated Based On The Loan Amount, Tenure, And Interest Rate. 3. Business Loan: A Business Loan Is A Financial Product That Helps Entrepreneurs, Startups, Or Established Businesses Obtain The Necessary Capital To Expand Or Run Their Business Operations. Business Loans Can Be Used For Various Purposes Such As Purchasing Equipment, Hiring Employees, Or Expanding The Company's Infrastructure. Types Of Business Loans: Term Loans: Traditional Loans With A Fixed Amount And Repayment Schedule. Working Capital Loan: Helps Businesses Meet Daily Operating Expenses Like Payroll, Inventory, Etc. Equipment Loan: Specifically For Purchasing Business Equipment. Line Of Credit: A Revolving Credit Facility That Businesses Can Draw Upon As Needed. Invoice Financing: Borrowing Money Against Unpaid Invoices. Merchant Cash Advance: A Loan Based On The Company’s Credit Card Sales. Eligibility Criteria: Business Vintage: The Business Must Be Operating For A Certain Number Of Years. Revenue: Minimum Annual Revenue Requirements Are Often Set. Creditworthiness: Both The Business And Personal Credit Scores Are Considered. Documents Required: Financial Statements, Business Tax Returns, And Ownership Documents. Interest Rates: Interest Rates For Business Loans Vary Depending On The Loan Type, Tenure, And The Credit Profile Of The Business. Some Loans May Have Fixed Rates, While Others May Have Variable Rates. Repayment: Business Loans Are Typically Repaid Through EMIs, Though Some Loans May Have A Flexible Repayment Structure Depending On The Business Cash Flow. 4. Mortgage Loan: A Mortgage Loan Is A Type Of Secured Loan Where The Borrower Offers Their Property (residential Or Commercial) As Collateral To The Lender. Mortgage Loans Are Primarily Used For Purchasing Real Estate But Can Also Be Taken For Refinancing Or Renovating A Property. Types Of Mortgage Loans: Home Mortgage Loan: Used For Purchasing A Home. Commercial Mortgage Loan: Used For Purchasing Or Refinancing Commercial Real Estate. Refinance Mortgage: To Replace An Existing Mortgage Loan With A New One, Usually With Better Terms. Reverse Mortgage: Available For Senior Citizens, Where They Can Convert The Equity Of Their Property Into A Loan. Eligibility Criteria: Age: Generally Between 21 To 65 Years. Income: A Steady Income From A Salary, Business, Or Other Sources. Property: The Property Must Meet The Lender’s Valuation Requirements. Credit Score: A Good Credit Score Helps In Securing Better Loan Terms. Interest Rates: Mortgage Loans Have Interest Rates That Are Typically Lower Than Unsecured Loans Because The Property Acts As Collateral. Rates May Be Fixed Or Floating. Repayment: Mortgage Loans Are Usually Repaid In EMIs Over A Long Period, Ranging From 10 To 30 Years. 5. Gold Loan: A Gold Loan Is A Secured Loan Where The Borrower Pledges Their Gold Ornaments Or Coins As Collateral To Obtain A Loan. Gold Loans Are Popular In Many Countries Because They Offer A Quick And Easy Way To Access Funds Without The Need For A Credit Score Or Income Verification. Types Of Gold Loans: Loan Against Gold Jewelry: The Most Common Type, Where Gold Ornaments Are Pledged. Loan Against Gold Coins: Loans Offered Against The Value Of Gold Coins. Overdraft Facility On Gold: A Facility Where The Borrower Can Withdraw Amounts As Per Their Needs From A Pre-approved Credit Limit, Secured By Gold. Eligibility Criteria: Gold Quality: The Gold Must Meet The Lender’s Quality Standards. Age: Typically Between 18 To 65 Years. Loan Amount: The Loan Is Given Based On The Value Of The Pledged Gold. Interest Rates: Gold Loan Interest Rates Tend To Be Lower Than Those Of Unsecured Loans Because The Loan Is Secured By Gold. Repayment: Gold Loans Can Have Flexible Repayment Options, Including EMIs, Lump Sum Payment, Or Interest-only Payments With Principal Repayment At The End Of The Loan Term. Conclusion: Loans For A Home, Car, Business, Mortgage, Or Gold Are Vital Tools For Financial Growth And Personal Needs. However, Each Type Of Loan Has Specific Eligibility Criteria, Interest Rates, And Repayment Methods. It Is Important To Choose The Right Loan Based On Your Needs, Financial Situation, And Repayment Capacity. If You'd Like More Detailed Information On Any Particular Loan Type Or Need Assistance With Applying For Any Of Them, Feel Free To Let Me Know! at online marketplaces:
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21ERIC ED283397: ESL Software For Use With High School And Adult Students. A MicroSIFT Quarterly Report. Forty-four Computer Programs Specifically Designed To Help Students Learn English As A Second Language (ESL) Are Listed. The Programs Chosen Focus On A Linguistic Activity, Are Appropriate For Any Proficiency Level, Are Considered Appropriate For Students Of High School And Adult Age (excluding College-level Foreign Students), And Have Been Produced Or Updated Since 1983. Programs For Native Speakers Felt To Be Easily Adapted To Second Language Learners Are Also Included, But Word Processing Programs And Programs Requiring Random-access Tape And/or A Videodisk Player Are Excluded. Tables Give Information About The Software Producer, Price, Needed Hardware, Copyright, Focus, Activity Type (drills, Tutorials, Games, And Problem-solving), Grade Level, Proficiency Level, ESL-readiness, Modifiability, And Management Options. A Final Section Highlights 10 Titles With Outstanding Characteristics And One Product Line Recommended For Preview. (MSE)
By ERIC
Forty-four computer programs specifically designed to help students learn English as a second language (ESL) are listed. The programs chosen focus on a linguistic activity, are appropriate for any proficiency level, are considered appropriate for students of high school and adult age (excluding college-level foreign students), and have been produced or updated since 1983. Programs for native speakers felt to be easily adapted to second language learners are also included, but word processing programs and programs requiring random-access tape and/or a videodisk player are excluded. Tables give information about the software producer, price, needed hardware, copyright, focus, activity type (drills, tutorials, games, and problem-solving), grade level, proficiency level, ESL-readiness, modifiability, and management options. A final section highlights 10 titles with outstanding characteristics and one product line recommended for preview. (MSE)
“ERIC ED283397: ESL Software For Use With High School And Adult Students. A MicroSIFT Quarterly Report. Forty-four Computer Programs Specifically Designed To Help Students Learn English As A Second Language (ESL) Are Listed. The Programs Chosen Focus On A Linguistic Activity, Are Appropriate For Any Proficiency Level, Are Considered Appropriate For Students Of High School And Adult Age (excluding College-level Foreign Students), And Have Been Produced Or Updated Since 1983. Programs For Native Speakers Felt To Be Easily Adapted To Second Language Learners Are Also Included, But Word Processing Programs And Programs Requiring Random-access Tape And/or A Videodisk Player Are Excluded. Tables Give Information About The Software Producer, Price, Needed Hardware, Copyright, Focus, Activity Type (drills, Tutorials, Games, And Problem-solving), Grade Level, Proficiency Level, ESL-readiness, Modifiability, And Management Options. A Final Section Highlights 10 Titles With Outstanding Characteristics And One Product Line Recommended For Preview. (MSE)” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ ERIC ED283397: ESL Software For Use With High School And Adult Students. A MicroSIFT Quarterly Report. Forty-four Computer Programs Specifically Designed To Help Students Learn English As A Second Language (ESL) Are Listed. The Programs Chosen Focus On A Linguistic Activity, Are Appropriate For Any Proficiency Level, Are Considered Appropriate For Students Of High School And Adult Age (excluding College-level Foreign Students), And Have Been Produced Or Updated Since 1983. Programs For Native Speakers Felt To Be Easily Adapted To Second Language Learners Are Also Included, But Word Processing Programs And Programs Requiring Random-access Tape And/or A Videodisk Player Are Excluded. Tables Give Information About The Software Producer, Price, Needed Hardware, Copyright, Focus, Activity Type (drills, Tutorials, Games, And Problem-solving), Grade Level, Proficiency Level, ESL-readiness, Modifiability, And Management Options. A Final Section Highlights 10 Titles With Outstanding Characteristics And One Product Line Recommended For Preview. (MSE)
- Author: ERIC
- Language: English
“ERIC ED283397: ESL Software For Use With High School And Adult Students. A MicroSIFT Quarterly Report. Forty-four Computer Programs Specifically Designed To Help Students Learn English As A Second Language (ESL) Are Listed. The Programs Chosen Focus On A Linguistic Activity, Are Appropriate For Any Proficiency Level, Are Considered Appropriate For Students Of High School And Adult Age (excluding College-level Foreign Students), And Have Been Produced Or Updated Since 1983. Programs For Native Speakers Felt To Be Easily Adapted To Second Language Learners Are Also Included, But Word Processing Programs And Programs Requiring Random-access Tape And/or A Videodisk Player Are Excluded. Tables Give Information About The Software Producer, Price, Needed Hardware, Copyright, Focus, Activity Type (drills, Tutorials, Games, And Problem-solving), Grade Level, Proficiency Level, ESL-readiness, Modifiability, And Management Options. A Final Section Highlights 10 Titles With Outstanding Characteristics And One Product Line Recommended For Preview. (MSE)” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ ERIC Archive - ERIC - Carrick, Bruce Adolescents - Adult Education - Adult Students - Class Activities - Classification - Computer Assisted Instruction - Computer Software - Courseware - Difficulty Level - English (Second Language) - Grammar - High Schools - Individual Instruction - Reading Instruction - Resource Materials - Second Language Instruction - Vocabulary Development - Writing Instruction
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Find ERIC ED283397: ESL Software For Use With High School And Adult Students. A MicroSIFT Quarterly Report. Forty-four Computer Programs Specifically Designed To Help Students Learn English As A Second Language (ESL) Are Listed. The Programs Chosen Focus On A Linguistic Activity, Are Appropriate For Any Proficiency Level, Are Considered Appropriate For Students Of High School And Adult Age (excluding College-level Foreign Students), And Have Been Produced Or Updated Since 1983. Programs For Native Speakers Felt To Be Easily Adapted To Second Language Learners Are Also Included, But Word Processing Programs And Programs Requiring Random-access Tape And/or A Videodisk Player Are Excluded. Tables Give Information About The Software Producer, Price, Needed Hardware, Copyright, Focus, Activity Type (drills, Tutorials, Games, And Problem-solving), Grade Level, Proficiency Level, ESL-readiness, Modifiability, And Management Options. A Final Section Highlights 10 Titles With Outstanding Characteristics And One Product Line Recommended For Preview. (MSE) at online marketplaces:
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22A Bill To Amend Title 10, United States Code, To Improve The Access To Military Treatment Facilities For Retired Members Of The Uniformed Services, And Their Dependents, Who Are Over 65 Years Of Age, To Provide For Medicare Reimbursement For Health Care Services Provided To Such Persons, And To Permit Such Persons To Enroll In The Federal Employees Health Benefits Program
By United States. Congress. House
Forty-four computer programs specifically designed to help students learn English as a second language (ESL) are listed. The programs chosen focus on a linguistic activity, are appropriate for any proficiency level, are considered appropriate for students of high school and adult age (excluding college-level foreign students), and have been produced or updated since 1983. Programs for native speakers felt to be easily adapted to second language learners are also included, but word processing programs and programs requiring random-access tape and/or a videodisk player are excluded. Tables give information about the software producer, price, needed hardware, copyright, focus, activity type (drills, tutorials, games, and problem-solving), grade level, proficiency level, ESL-readiness, modifiability, and management options. A final section highlights 10 titles with outstanding characteristics and one product line recommended for preview. (MSE)
“A Bill To Amend Title 10, United States Code, To Improve The Access To Military Treatment Facilities For Retired Members Of The Uniformed Services, And Their Dependents, Who Are Over 65 Years Of Age, To Provide For Medicare Reimbursement For Health Care Services Provided To Such Persons, And To Permit Such Persons To Enroll In The Federal Employees Health Benefits Program” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ A Bill To Amend Title 10, United States Code, To Improve The Access To Military Treatment Facilities For Retired Members Of The Uniformed Services, And Their Dependents, Who Are Over 65 Years Of Age, To Provide For Medicare Reimbursement For Health Care Services Provided To Such Persons, And To Permit Such Persons To Enroll In The Federal Employees Health Benefits Program
- Author: United States. Congress. House
- Language: English
“A Bill To Amend Title 10, United States Code, To Improve The Access To Military Treatment Facilities For Retired Members Of The Uniformed Services, And Their Dependents, Who Are Over 65 Years Of Age, To Provide For Medicare Reimbursement For Health Care Services Provided To Such Persons, And To Permit Such Persons To Enroll In The Federal Employees Health Benefits Program” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ Federal Employees Health Benefits Program (U.S.) - United States. Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Health Affairs). TRICARE Management Activity - Retired military personnel - Military dependents - Older people - Medicare - Federal Employees Health Benefits Program (U.S.) -- Law and legislation - United States. Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Health Affairs). TRICARE Management Activity -- Law and legislation - Retired military personnel -- Medical care -- Finance -- Law and legislation -- United States - Military dependents -- Medical care -- Finance -- Law and legislation -- United States - Older people -- Medical care -- Finance -- Law and legislation -- United States - Medicare -- Law and legislation
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- Internet Archive ID: billtoamendtitle00uni_06x
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23ERIC ED639461: 2023 Brick & Click: An Academic Library Conference (23rd, Maryville, Missouri, November 3, 2023) Eight Scholarly Papers And Seven Abstracts Comprise The Content Of The Twenty-third Annual Brick & Click Libraries Conference, Held Annually At Northwest Missouri State University In Maryville, Missouri. The 2023 Paper And Abstract Titles Include: (1) The Reliability And Usability Of ChatGPT For Library Metadata (Jenny Bodenhamer); (2) A Balancing Act In The Archives: Increasing Access To The Great Plains Black History Museum Collections (Wendy Guerra And Lori Schwartz); (3) Developing Info Students Where They Are: Personalizing Instruction To Increase Literacy Skills To Meet Engagement (Jorge A. León); (4) Empowering Undergraduates: Building Confidence In Primary Source Literacy (Jaycie Vos And Jess Cruz); (5) Quest For The Best: An Info Lit Strategy For First Year Seminars (Stephanie Hallam, Mary Bangert, And Michael Bezushko); (6) Are We Putting Our Values Into Practice? Chat Reference Assessment (Mardi Mahaffy); (7) A Pilot Workshop On AI Art And Libraries At The University Of Mississippi (Alex Watson); (8) New Expansions Of Open Access To Benefit Research And Researchers (Barbara Pope); (9) Zettelkasten Note-Taking In Zotero For Grounded Writing (Rachel Brekhus); (10) Building Community: Library Leadership Of A Common Book Program (Jill Becker); (11) Digital Media And Innovation Lab: A Must Have For Academic Libraries (Navadeep Khanal And Joseph Sabo); (12) Digital Libraries As Digital Third Place: Virtual Programming In The Age Of Loneliness (Craig Finlay And Jenny Haddon); (13) Community Engagement: Academic And School Library Partnerships (Melissa Dennis); (14) Launching A Ticketing System With Asana (Hong Li); And (15) Meeting The Needs Of Student Parents (Sarah Hebert). [For The 2022 Proceedings, See ED623765.]
By ERIC
Eight scholarly papers and seven abstracts comprise the content of the twenty-third annual Brick & Click Libraries Conference, held annually at Northwest Missouri State University in Maryville, Missouri. The 2023 paper and abstract titles include: (1) The Reliability and Usability of ChatGPT for Library Metadata (Jenny Bodenhamer); (2) A Balancing Act in the Archives: Increasing Access to the Great Plains Black History Museum Collections (Wendy Guerra and Lori Schwartz); (3) Developing Info Students Where They Are: Personalizing Instruction to Increase Literacy Skills to Meet Engagement (Jorge A. León); (4) Empowering Undergraduates: Building Confidence in Primary Source Literacy (Jaycie Vos and Jess Cruz); (5) Quest for the Best: An Info Lit Strategy for First Year Seminars (Stephanie Hallam, Mary Bangert, and Michael Bezushko); (6) Are We Putting Our Values into Practice? Chat Reference Assessment (Mardi Mahaffy); (7) A Pilot Workshop on AI Art and Libraries at the University of Mississippi (Alex Watson); (8) New Expansions of Open Access to Benefit Research and Researchers (Barbara Pope); (9) Zettelkasten Note-Taking in Zotero for Grounded Writing (Rachel Brekhus); (10) Building Community: Library Leadership of a Common Book Program (Jill Becker); (11) Digital Media and Innovation Lab: A Must Have for Academic Libraries (Navadeep Khanal and Joseph Sabo); (12) Digital Libraries as Digital Third Place: Virtual Programming in the Age of Loneliness (Craig Finlay and Jenny Haddon); (13) Community Engagement: Academic and School Library Partnerships (Melissa Dennis); (14) Launching a Ticketing System With Asana (Hong Li); and (15) Meeting the Needs of Student Parents (Sarah Hebert). [For the 2022 proceedings, see ED623765.]
“ERIC ED639461: 2023 Brick & Click: An Academic Library Conference (23rd, Maryville, Missouri, November 3, 2023) Eight Scholarly Papers And Seven Abstracts Comprise The Content Of The Twenty-third Annual Brick & Click Libraries Conference, Held Annually At Northwest Missouri State University In Maryville, Missouri. The 2023 Paper And Abstract Titles Include: (1) The Reliability And Usability Of ChatGPT For Library Metadata (Jenny Bodenhamer); (2) A Balancing Act In The Archives: Increasing Access To The Great Plains Black History Museum Collections (Wendy Guerra And Lori Schwartz); (3) Developing Info Students Where They Are: Personalizing Instruction To Increase Literacy Skills To Meet Engagement (Jorge A. León); (4) Empowering Undergraduates: Building Confidence In Primary Source Literacy (Jaycie Vos And Jess Cruz); (5) Quest For The Best: An Info Lit Strategy For First Year Seminars (Stephanie Hallam, Mary Bangert, And Michael Bezushko); (6) Are We Putting Our Values Into Practice? Chat Reference Assessment (Mardi Mahaffy); (7) A Pilot Workshop On AI Art And Libraries At The University Of Mississippi (Alex Watson); (8) New Expansions Of Open Access To Benefit Research And Researchers (Barbara Pope); (9) Zettelkasten Note-Taking In Zotero For Grounded Writing (Rachel Brekhus); (10) Building Community: Library Leadership Of A Common Book Program (Jill Becker); (11) Digital Media And Innovation Lab: A Must Have For Academic Libraries (Navadeep Khanal And Joseph Sabo); (12) Digital Libraries As Digital Third Place: Virtual Programming In The Age Of Loneliness (Craig Finlay And Jenny Haddon); (13) Community Engagement: Academic And School Library Partnerships (Melissa Dennis); (14) Launching A Ticketing System With Asana (Hong Li); And (15) Meeting The Needs Of Student Parents (Sarah Hebert). [For The 2022 Proceedings, See ED623765.]” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ ERIC ED639461: 2023 Brick & Click: An Academic Library Conference (23rd, Maryville, Missouri, November 3, 2023) Eight Scholarly Papers And Seven Abstracts Comprise The Content Of The Twenty-third Annual Brick & Click Libraries Conference, Held Annually At Northwest Missouri State University In Maryville, Missouri. The 2023 Paper And Abstract Titles Include: (1) The Reliability And Usability Of ChatGPT For Library Metadata (Jenny Bodenhamer); (2) A Balancing Act In The Archives: Increasing Access To The Great Plains Black History Museum Collections (Wendy Guerra And Lori Schwartz); (3) Developing Info Students Where They Are: Personalizing Instruction To Increase Literacy Skills To Meet Engagement (Jorge A. León); (4) Empowering Undergraduates: Building Confidence In Primary Source Literacy (Jaycie Vos And Jess Cruz); (5) Quest For The Best: An Info Lit Strategy For First Year Seminars (Stephanie Hallam, Mary Bangert, And Michael Bezushko); (6) Are We Putting Our Values Into Practice? Chat Reference Assessment (Mardi Mahaffy); (7) A Pilot Workshop On AI Art And Libraries At The University Of Mississippi (Alex Watson); (8) New Expansions Of Open Access To Benefit Research And Researchers (Barbara Pope); (9) Zettelkasten Note-Taking In Zotero For Grounded Writing (Rachel Brekhus); (10) Building Community: Library Leadership Of A Common Book Program (Jill Becker); (11) Digital Media And Innovation Lab: A Must Have For Academic Libraries (Navadeep Khanal And Joseph Sabo); (12) Digital Libraries As Digital Third Place: Virtual Programming In The Age Of Loneliness (Craig Finlay And Jenny Haddon); (13) Community Engagement: Academic And School Library Partnerships (Melissa Dennis); (14) Launching A Ticketing System With Asana (Hong Li); And (15) Meeting The Needs Of Student Parents (Sarah Hebert). [For The 2022 Proceedings, See ED623765.]
- Author: ERIC
- Language: English
“ERIC ED639461: 2023 Brick & Click: An Academic Library Conference (23rd, Maryville, Missouri, November 3, 2023) Eight Scholarly Papers And Seven Abstracts Comprise The Content Of The Twenty-third Annual Brick & Click Libraries Conference, Held Annually At Northwest Missouri State University In Maryville, Missouri. The 2023 Paper And Abstract Titles Include: (1) The Reliability And Usability Of ChatGPT For Library Metadata (Jenny Bodenhamer); (2) A Balancing Act In The Archives: Increasing Access To The Great Plains Black History Museum Collections (Wendy Guerra And Lori Schwartz); (3) Developing Info Students Where They Are: Personalizing Instruction To Increase Literacy Skills To Meet Engagement (Jorge A. León); (4) Empowering Undergraduates: Building Confidence In Primary Source Literacy (Jaycie Vos And Jess Cruz); (5) Quest For The Best: An Info Lit Strategy For First Year Seminars (Stephanie Hallam, Mary Bangert, And Michael Bezushko); (6) Are We Putting Our Values Into Practice? Chat Reference Assessment (Mardi Mahaffy); (7) A Pilot Workshop On AI Art And Libraries At The University Of Mississippi (Alex Watson); (8) New Expansions Of Open Access To Benefit Research And Researchers (Barbara Pope); (9) Zettelkasten Note-Taking In Zotero For Grounded Writing (Rachel Brekhus); (10) Building Community: Library Leadership Of A Common Book Program (Jill Becker); (11) Digital Media And Innovation Lab: A Must Have For Academic Libraries (Navadeep Khanal And Joseph Sabo); (12) Digital Libraries As Digital Third Place: Virtual Programming In The Age Of Loneliness (Craig Finlay And Jenny Haddon); (13) Community Engagement: Academic And School Library Partnerships (Melissa Dennis); (14) Launching A Ticketing System With Asana (Hong Li); And (15) Meeting The Needs Of Student Parents (Sarah Hebert). [For The 2022 Proceedings, See ED623765.]” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ ERIC Archive - ERIC - Ed. Frank Baudino Ed. Sarah Jones Ed. Becky Meneely Ed. Abha Niraula Academic Libraries - Metadata - Libraries - Artificial Intelligence - Archives - Information Science Education - Information Literacy - First Year Seminars - Library Services - Reference Services - Leadership - Electronic Libraries - Electronic Books - School Libraries
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ERIC_ED639461
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Find ERIC ED639461: 2023 Brick & Click: An Academic Library Conference (23rd, Maryville, Missouri, November 3, 2023) Eight Scholarly Papers And Seven Abstracts Comprise The Content Of The Twenty-third Annual Brick & Click Libraries Conference, Held Annually At Northwest Missouri State University In Maryville, Missouri. The 2023 Paper And Abstract Titles Include: (1) The Reliability And Usability Of ChatGPT For Library Metadata (Jenny Bodenhamer); (2) A Balancing Act In The Archives: Increasing Access To The Great Plains Black History Museum Collections (Wendy Guerra And Lori Schwartz); (3) Developing Info Students Where They Are: Personalizing Instruction To Increase Literacy Skills To Meet Engagement (Jorge A. León); (4) Empowering Undergraduates: Building Confidence In Primary Source Literacy (Jaycie Vos And Jess Cruz); (5) Quest For The Best: An Info Lit Strategy For First Year Seminars (Stephanie Hallam, Mary Bangert, And Michael Bezushko); (6) Are We Putting Our Values Into Practice? Chat Reference Assessment (Mardi Mahaffy); (7) A Pilot Workshop On AI Art And Libraries At The University Of Mississippi (Alex Watson); (8) New Expansions Of Open Access To Benefit Research And Researchers (Barbara Pope); (9) Zettelkasten Note-Taking In Zotero For Grounded Writing (Rachel Brekhus); (10) Building Community: Library Leadership Of A Common Book Program (Jill Becker); (11) Digital Media And Innovation Lab: A Must Have For Academic Libraries (Navadeep Khanal And Joseph Sabo); (12) Digital Libraries As Digital Third Place: Virtual Programming In The Age Of Loneliness (Craig Finlay And Jenny Haddon); (13) Community Engagement: Academic And School Library Partnerships (Melissa Dennis); (14) Launching A Ticketing System With Asana (Hong Li); And (15) Meeting The Needs Of Student Parents (Sarah Hebert). [For The 2022 Proceedings, See ED623765.] at online marketplaces:
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24Ebook: Access To Knowledge: In The Age Of Intellectual Property
The end of the twentieth century saw an explosive intrusion of intellectual property law into everyday life. Expansive copyright laws have been used to attack new forms of sharing and remixing facilitated by the Internet. International laws extending the patent rights of pharmaceutical companies have threatened the lives of millions of people around the world living with HIV/AIDS. For decades, governments have tightened the grip of intellectual property law at the bidding of information industries. Recently, a multitude of groups around the world have emerged to challenge this wave of enclosure with a new counterpolitics of âaccess to knowledgeâ or âA2K.â They include software programmers who take to the streets to attack software patents, AIDS activists who fight for generic medicines in poor countries, subsistence farmers who defend their right to food security and seeds, and college students who have created a new âfree cultureâ movement to defend the digital commons. In this volume, Gaëlle Krikorian and Amy Kapczynski have created the first anthology of the A2K movement, mapping this emerging field of activism as a series of historical moments, strategies, and concepts. Intellectual property law has become not only a site of new forms of transnational activism, but also a locus for profound new debates and struggles over politics, economics, and freedom. This collection vividly brings these debates into view and makes the terms of intellectual property law legible in their political implications around the world. This work is published subject to a Creative Commons by-nc-nd license, with the exception that the term âAdaptationsâ in Paragraph 1(a) of such license shall be deemed not to include translations from the English original into other languages. Such translations may therefore be created and disseminated subject to the other terms of such license
“Ebook: Access To Knowledge: In The Age Of Intellectual Property” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Ebook: Access To Knowledge: In The Age Of Intellectual Property
- Language: English
“Ebook: Access To Knowledge: In The Age Of Intellectual Property” Subjects and Themes:
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- Internet Archive ID: ➤ EbookAccessToKnowledgeInTheAgeOfIntellectualProperty
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25A Bill To Amend Title 10, United States Code, To Improve The Access To Military Treatment Facilities For Retired Members Of The Uniformed Services, And Their Dependents, Who Are Over 65 Years Of Age, To Provide For Medicare Reimbursement For Health Care Services Provided To Such Persons, To Permit Such Persons To Enroll In The Federal Employees Health Benefits Program, And For Other Purposes
By United States. Congress. House
The end of the twentieth century saw an explosive intrusion of intellectual property law into everyday life. Expansive copyright laws have been used to attack new forms of sharing and remixing facilitated by the Internet. International laws extending the patent rights of pharmaceutical companies have threatened the lives of millions of people around the world living with HIV/AIDS. For decades, governments have tightened the grip of intellectual property law at the bidding of information industries. Recently, a multitude of groups around the world have emerged to challenge this wave of enclosure with a new counterpolitics of âaccess to knowledgeâ or âA2K.â They include software programmers who take to the streets to attack software patents, AIDS activists who fight for generic medicines in poor countries, subsistence farmers who defend their right to food security and seeds, and college students who have created a new âfree cultureâ movement to defend the digital commons. In this volume, Gaëlle Krikorian and Amy Kapczynski have created the first anthology of the A2K movement, mapping this emerging field of activism as a series of historical moments, strategies, and concepts. Intellectual property law has become not only a site of new forms of transnational activism, but also a locus for profound new debates and struggles over politics, economics, and freedom. This collection vividly brings these debates into view and makes the terms of intellectual property law legible in their political implications around the world. This work is published subject to a Creative Commons by-nc-nd license, with the exception that the term âAdaptationsâ in Paragraph 1(a) of such license shall be deemed not to include translations from the English original into other languages. Such translations may therefore be created and disseminated subject to the other terms of such license
“A Bill To Amend Title 10, United States Code, To Improve The Access To Military Treatment Facilities For Retired Members Of The Uniformed Services, And Their Dependents, Who Are Over 65 Years Of Age, To Provide For Medicare Reimbursement For Health Care Services Provided To Such Persons, To Permit Such Persons To Enroll In The Federal Employees Health Benefits Program, And For Other Purposes” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ A Bill To Amend Title 10, United States Code, To Improve The Access To Military Treatment Facilities For Retired Members Of The Uniformed Services, And Their Dependents, Who Are Over 65 Years Of Age, To Provide For Medicare Reimbursement For Health Care Services Provided To Such Persons, To Permit Such Persons To Enroll In The Federal Employees Health Benefits Program, And For Other Purposes
- Author: United States. Congress. House
- Language: English
“A Bill To Amend Title 10, United States Code, To Improve The Access To Military Treatment Facilities For Retired Members Of The Uniformed Services, And Their Dependents, Who Are Over 65 Years Of Age, To Provide For Medicare Reimbursement For Health Care Services Provided To Such Persons, To Permit Such Persons To Enroll In The Federal Employees Health Benefits Program, And For Other Purposes” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ Federal Employees Health Benefits Program (U.S.) - United States. Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Health Affairs). TRICARE Management Activity - Retired military personnel - Military dependents - Older people - Medicare - Federal Employees Health Benefits Program (U.S.) -- Law and legislation - United States. Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Health Affairs). TRICARE Management Activity -- Law and legislation - Retired military personnel -- Medical care -- Finance -- Law and legislation -- United States - Military dependents -- Medical care -- Finance -- Law and legislation -- United States - Older people -- Medical care -- Finance -- Law and legislation -- United States - Medicare -- Law and legislation
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: billtoamendtitle00uni_c7z
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26ERIC ED417752: Universal Service In The Digital Age: The Commercialization And Geography Of U.S. Internet Access. Research Brief No. 5.
By ERIC
In 1997, the Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR) supported a project on the geographic spread of the commercial Internet Service Provider (ISP) market. This Research Brief describes some of the principle findings of a report (by Professor Shane Greenstein of the Kellogg Graduate School of Management, Northwestern University) on the project. The ISP market is the leading supplier of Internet access in the United States. A critical issue for policymakers is whether commercial ISPs will naturally provide wide geographic scope of their own accord, in pursuit of profitability. There are two predominant business models of commercial service providers: one that depends on firms structured to provide a national service, and one that depends on local firms providing local services. The commercial ISP industry will provide geographic scope not as an end in itself but as part of a general strategy to target a particular type of customer. ISPs are assigned to five categories in terms of strategy/structure: urban/national; urban/local; rural/local; rural/national; and regional firms. The survival of local and national ISPs has important implications for the geographic scope of the industry; expansion of the Internet by ISPs is driven by pursuit of commercial opportunities. Structural and strategic differences in the ISP industry and within markets should be central issues in policy discussions of universal access to advanced communications and computing technology. Two United States maps show the distribution of ISPs in March 1997, and urban counties with and without ISPs for the same month and year. (AEF)
“ERIC ED417752: Universal Service In The Digital Age: The Commercialization And Geography Of U.S. Internet Access. Research Brief No. 5.” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ ERIC ED417752: Universal Service In The Digital Age: The Commercialization And Geography Of U.S. Internet Access. Research Brief No. 5.
- Author: ERIC
- Language: English
“ERIC ED417752: Universal Service In The Digital Age: The Commercialization And Geography Of U.S. Internet Access. Research Brief No. 5.” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ ERIC Archive - Access to Information - Computer Oriented Programs - Information Industry - Information Policy - Information Services - Information Technology - Internet - Online Vendors - Trend Analysis
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ERIC_ED417752
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27Copyright In The Age Of Online Access : Alternative Compensation Systems In EU Law
By Quintais, João Pedro, author
In 1997, the Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR) supported a project on the geographic spread of the commercial Internet Service Provider (ISP) market. This Research Brief describes some of the principle findings of a report (by Professor Shane Greenstein of the Kellogg Graduate School of Management, Northwestern University) on the project. The ISP market is the leading supplier of Internet access in the United States. A critical issue for policymakers is whether commercial ISPs will naturally provide wide geographic scope of their own accord, in pursuit of profitability. There are two predominant business models of commercial service providers: one that depends on firms structured to provide a national service, and one that depends on local firms providing local services. The commercial ISP industry will provide geographic scope not as an end in itself but as part of a general strategy to target a particular type of customer. ISPs are assigned to five categories in terms of strategy/structure: urban/national; urban/local; rural/local; rural/national; and regional firms. The survival of local and national ISPs has important implications for the geographic scope of the industry; expansion of the Internet by ISPs is driven by pursuit of commercial opportunities. Structural and strategic differences in the ISP industry and within markets should be central issues in policy discussions of universal access to advanced communications and computing technology. Two United States maps show the distribution of ISPs in March 1997, and urban counties with and without ISPs for the same month and year. (AEF)
“Copyright In The Age Of Online Access : Alternative Compensation Systems In EU Law” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Copyright In The Age Of Online Access : Alternative Compensation Systems In EU Law
- Author: Quintais, João Pedro, author
- Language: English
“Copyright In The Age Of Online Access : Alternative Compensation Systems In EU Law” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ Copyright -- Computer files -- European Union countries - Copyright -- Electronic information resources -- European Union countries - Copyright and electronic data processing -- European Union countries - Internet -- Law and legislation -- European Union countries - Copyright and electronic data processing - Copyright -- Computer files - Copyright -- Electronic information resources - Internet -- Law and legislation - Europe -- European Union countries
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: copyrightinageof0000quin
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28ERIC ED617579: Supporting Our Youngest Learners: What We Know About Equity In Early Intervention Every Child From Birth To Age 3 In The U.S. Is Entitled Under IDEA (IDEA Part C) To Support In Reaching Developmental Milestones If They Have A Developmental Delay -- That Is, If They Are Meeting Milestones More Slowly Than Expected, Or If They Have A Diagnosed Condition That Has A High Probability Of Resulting In A Delay. Strong Support As Soon As A Developmental Delay Is Identified Can Have A Positive Ripple Effect That Lasts A Lifetime. These Services Are Provided Not Only For A Child With A Developmental Delay, But Also For The Child's Family, Ensuring That Caregivers Have The Tools They Need To Create A Healthy, Supportive Environment For The Whole Family. Early Intervention Services Set Young Kids With Delays And Disabilities And Their Families On The Course For Long-term Success. Systemic Racism In Health And Education Systems And Insufficient Federal Funding For IDEA Part C Threaten Access To These Services. Better Data Can Help Measure Equity And, Ultimately, Ensure That Families Of Color Gain Access To The High-quality Early Intervention Services They Deserve. This Executive Summary Briefly Defines Early Intervention Services, Describes What Is Known About Equity In Early Intervention, And Highlights Key Components Of And Opportunities For Equity In Screening, Evaluation, And Early Intervention Services. [For The Full Report, "Increasing Equity In Early Intervention. Our Youngest Learners," See ED617569.]
By ERIC
Every child from birth to age 3 in the U.S. is entitled under IDEA (IDEA Part C) to support in reaching developmental milestones if they have a developmental delay -- that is, if they are meeting milestones more slowly than expected, or if they have a diagnosed condition that has a high probability of resulting in a delay. Strong support as soon as a developmental delay is identified can have a positive ripple effect that lasts a lifetime. These services are provided not only for a child with a developmental delay, but also for the child's family, ensuring that caregivers have the tools they need to create a healthy, supportive environment for the whole family. Early intervention services set young kids with delays and disabilities and their families on the course for long-term success. Systemic racism in health and education systems and insufficient federal funding for IDEA Part C threaten access to these services. Better data can help measure equity and, ultimately, ensure that families of color gain access to the high-quality early intervention services they deserve. This executive summary briefly defines early intervention services, describes what is known about equity in early intervention, and highlights key components of and opportunities for equity in screening, evaluation, and early intervention services. [For the full report, "Increasing Equity in Early Intervention. Our Youngest Learners," see ED617569.]
“ERIC ED617579: Supporting Our Youngest Learners: What We Know About Equity In Early Intervention Every Child From Birth To Age 3 In The U.S. Is Entitled Under IDEA (IDEA Part C) To Support In Reaching Developmental Milestones If They Have A Developmental Delay -- That Is, If They Are Meeting Milestones More Slowly Than Expected, Or If They Have A Diagnosed Condition That Has A High Probability Of Resulting In A Delay. Strong Support As Soon As A Developmental Delay Is Identified Can Have A Positive Ripple Effect That Lasts A Lifetime. These Services Are Provided Not Only For A Child With A Developmental Delay, But Also For The Child's Family, Ensuring That Caregivers Have The Tools They Need To Create A Healthy, Supportive Environment For The Whole Family. Early Intervention Services Set Young Kids With Delays And Disabilities And Their Families On The Course For Long-term Success. Systemic Racism In Health And Education Systems And Insufficient Federal Funding For IDEA Part C Threaten Access To These Services. Better Data Can Help Measure Equity And, Ultimately, Ensure That Families Of Color Gain Access To The High-quality Early Intervention Services They Deserve. This Executive Summary Briefly Defines Early Intervention Services, Describes What Is Known About Equity In Early Intervention, And Highlights Key Components Of And Opportunities For Equity In Screening, Evaluation, And Early Intervention Services. [For The Full Report, "Increasing Equity In Early Intervention. Our Youngest Learners," See ED617569.]” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ ERIC ED617579: Supporting Our Youngest Learners: What We Know About Equity In Early Intervention Every Child From Birth To Age 3 In The U.S. Is Entitled Under IDEA (IDEA Part C) To Support In Reaching Developmental Milestones If They Have A Developmental Delay -- That Is, If They Are Meeting Milestones More Slowly Than Expected, Or If They Have A Diagnosed Condition That Has A High Probability Of Resulting In A Delay. Strong Support As Soon As A Developmental Delay Is Identified Can Have A Positive Ripple Effect That Lasts A Lifetime. These Services Are Provided Not Only For A Child With A Developmental Delay, But Also For The Child's Family, Ensuring That Caregivers Have The Tools They Need To Create A Healthy, Supportive Environment For The Whole Family. Early Intervention Services Set Young Kids With Delays And Disabilities And Their Families On The Course For Long-term Success. Systemic Racism In Health And Education Systems And Insufficient Federal Funding For IDEA Part C Threaten Access To These Services. Better Data Can Help Measure Equity And, Ultimately, Ensure That Families Of Color Gain Access To The High-quality Early Intervention Services They Deserve. This Executive Summary Briefly Defines Early Intervention Services, Describes What Is Known About Equity In Early Intervention, And Highlights Key Components Of And Opportunities For Equity In Screening, Evaluation, And Early Intervention Services. [For The Full Report, "Increasing Equity In Early Intervention. Our Youngest Learners," See ED617569.]
- Author: ERIC
- Language: English
“ERIC ED617579: Supporting Our Youngest Learners: What We Know About Equity In Early Intervention Every Child From Birth To Age 3 In The U.S. Is Entitled Under IDEA (IDEA Part C) To Support In Reaching Developmental Milestones If They Have A Developmental Delay -- That Is, If They Are Meeting Milestones More Slowly Than Expected, Or If They Have A Diagnosed Condition That Has A High Probability Of Resulting In A Delay. Strong Support As Soon As A Developmental Delay Is Identified Can Have A Positive Ripple Effect That Lasts A Lifetime. These Services Are Provided Not Only For A Child With A Developmental Delay, But Also For The Child's Family, Ensuring That Caregivers Have The Tools They Need To Create A Healthy, Supportive Environment For The Whole Family. Early Intervention Services Set Young Kids With Delays And Disabilities And Their Families On The Course For Long-term Success. Systemic Racism In Health And Education Systems And Insufficient Federal Funding For IDEA Part C Threaten Access To These Services. Better Data Can Help Measure Equity And, Ultimately, Ensure That Families Of Color Gain Access To The High-quality Early Intervention Services They Deserve. This Executive Summary Briefly Defines Early Intervention Services, Describes What Is Known About Equity In Early Intervention, And Highlights Key Components Of And Opportunities For Equity In Screening, Evaluation, And Early Intervention Services. [For The Full Report, "Increasing Equity In Early Intervention. Our Youngest Learners," See ED617569.]” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ ERIC Archive - ERIC - Students with Disabilities - Federal Legislation - Educational Legislation - Equal Education - Early Intervention - Eligibility - Low Income Groups - Barriers - At Risk Persons - Developmental Delays - Child Development - Ethnicity - Racial Discrimination - Access to Education - Access to Health Care - Screening Tests - Ethnic Diversity - Labor Force - Pediatrics - Evaluation
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ERIC_ED617579
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Find ERIC ED617579: Supporting Our Youngest Learners: What We Know About Equity In Early Intervention Every Child From Birth To Age 3 In The U.S. Is Entitled Under IDEA (IDEA Part C) To Support In Reaching Developmental Milestones If They Have A Developmental Delay -- That Is, If They Are Meeting Milestones More Slowly Than Expected, Or If They Have A Diagnosed Condition That Has A High Probability Of Resulting In A Delay. Strong Support As Soon As A Developmental Delay Is Identified Can Have A Positive Ripple Effect That Lasts A Lifetime. These Services Are Provided Not Only For A Child With A Developmental Delay, But Also For The Child's Family, Ensuring That Caregivers Have The Tools They Need To Create A Healthy, Supportive Environment For The Whole Family. Early Intervention Services Set Young Kids With Delays And Disabilities And Their Families On The Course For Long-term Success. Systemic Racism In Health And Education Systems And Insufficient Federal Funding For IDEA Part C Threaten Access To These Services. Better Data Can Help Measure Equity And, Ultimately, Ensure That Families Of Color Gain Access To The High-quality Early Intervention Services They Deserve. This Executive Summary Briefly Defines Early Intervention Services, Describes What Is Known About Equity In Early Intervention, And Highlights Key Components Of And Opportunities For Equity In Screening, Evaluation, And Early Intervention Services. [For The Full Report, "Increasing Equity In Early Intervention. Our Youngest Learners," See ED617569.] at online marketplaces:
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29A Bill To Amend Title 10, United States Code, To Improve The Access To Military Treatment Facilities For Retired Members Of The Uniformed Services, And Their Dependents, Who Are Over 65 Years Of Age, To Provide For Medicare Reimbursement For Health Care Services Provided To Such Persons, And, As An Alternative Health Care Approach, To Permit Such Persons To Enroll In The Federal Employees Health Benefits Program
By United States. Congress. House
Every child from birth to age 3 in the U.S. is entitled under IDEA (IDEA Part C) to support in reaching developmental milestones if they have a developmental delay -- that is, if they are meeting milestones more slowly than expected, or if they have a diagnosed condition that has a high probability of resulting in a delay. Strong support as soon as a developmental delay is identified can have a positive ripple effect that lasts a lifetime. These services are provided not only for a child with a developmental delay, but also for the child's family, ensuring that caregivers have the tools they need to create a healthy, supportive environment for the whole family. Early intervention services set young kids with delays and disabilities and their families on the course for long-term success. Systemic racism in health and education systems and insufficient federal funding for IDEA Part C threaten access to these services. Better data can help measure equity and, ultimately, ensure that families of color gain access to the high-quality early intervention services they deserve. This executive summary briefly defines early intervention services, describes what is known about equity in early intervention, and highlights key components of and opportunities for equity in screening, evaluation, and early intervention services. [For the full report, "Increasing Equity in Early Intervention. Our Youngest Learners," see ED617569.]
“A Bill To Amend Title 10, United States Code, To Improve The Access To Military Treatment Facilities For Retired Members Of The Uniformed Services, And Their Dependents, Who Are Over 65 Years Of Age, To Provide For Medicare Reimbursement For Health Care Services Provided To Such Persons, And, As An Alternative Health Care Approach, To Permit Such Persons To Enroll In The Federal Employees Health Benefits Program” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ A Bill To Amend Title 10, United States Code, To Improve The Access To Military Treatment Facilities For Retired Members Of The Uniformed Services, And Their Dependents, Who Are Over 65 Years Of Age, To Provide For Medicare Reimbursement For Health Care Services Provided To Such Persons, And, As An Alternative Health Care Approach, To Permit Such Persons To Enroll In The Federal Employees Health Benefits Program
- Author: United States. Congress. House
- Language: English
“A Bill To Amend Title 10, United States Code, To Improve The Access To Military Treatment Facilities For Retired Members Of The Uniformed Services, And Their Dependents, Who Are Over 65 Years Of Age, To Provide For Medicare Reimbursement For Health Care Services Provided To Such Persons, And, As An Alternative Health Care Approach, To Permit Such Persons To Enroll In The Federal Employees Health Benefits Program” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ Federal Employees Health Benefits Program (U.S.) - United States. Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Health Affairs). TRICARE Management Activity - Retired military personnel - Military dependents - Older people - Medicare - Federal Employees Health Benefits Program (U.S.) -- Law and legislation - United States. Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Health Affairs). TRICARE Management Activity -- Law and legislation - Retired military personnel -- Medical care -- Finance -- Law and legislation -- United States - Military dependents -- Medical care -- Finance -- Law and legislation -- United States - Older people -- Medical care -- Finance -- Law and legislation -- United States - Medicare -- Law and legislation
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- Internet Archive ID: billtoamendtitle00uni_rdl
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30The Age Of Access : How The Shift From Ownership To Access Is Transforming Modern Life
By Rifkin, Jeremy
Every child from birth to age 3 in the U.S. is entitled under IDEA (IDEA Part C) to support in reaching developmental milestones if they have a developmental delay -- that is, if they are meeting milestones more slowly than expected, or if they have a diagnosed condition that has a high probability of resulting in a delay. Strong support as soon as a developmental delay is identified can have a positive ripple effect that lasts a lifetime. These services are provided not only for a child with a developmental delay, but also for the child's family, ensuring that caregivers have the tools they need to create a healthy, supportive environment for the whole family. Early intervention services set young kids with delays and disabilities and their families on the course for long-term success. Systemic racism in health and education systems and insufficient federal funding for IDEA Part C threaten access to these services. Better data can help measure equity and, ultimately, ensure that families of color gain access to the high-quality early intervention services they deserve. This executive summary briefly defines early intervention services, describes what is known about equity in early intervention, and highlights key components of and opportunities for equity in screening, evaluation, and early intervention services. [For the full report, "Increasing Equity in Early Intervention. Our Youngest Learners," see ED617569.]
“The Age Of Access : How The Shift From Ownership To Access Is Transforming Modern Life” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ The Age Of Access : How The Shift From Ownership To Access Is Transforming Modern Life
- Author: Rifkin, Jeremy
- Language: English
“The Age Of Access : How The Shift From Ownership To Access Is Transforming Modern Life” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ Electronic commerce - Electronic commerce -- Social aspects - Commerce électronique - Commerce électronique -- Aspect social - Échange électronique d'information - Internet -- Aspect économique - Affaires -- Information électronique - Pays occidentaux - Aspects économiques - Innovations - Changement social - Capitalisme - Economie de marché - Etats-Unis d'Amérique
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- Internet Archive ID: ageofaccesshowsh0000rifk
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31Access To Knowledge In The Age Of Intellectual Property
A movement emerges to challenge the tightening of intellectual property law around the world.At the end of the twentieth century, intellectual property rights collided with everyday life. Expansive copyright laws and digital rights management technologies sought to shut down new forms of copying and remixing made possible by the Internet. International laws expanding patent rights threatened the lives of millions of people around the world living with HIV/AIDS by limiting their access to cheap generic medicines. For decades, governments have tightened the grip of intellectual property law at the bidding of information industries; but recently, groups have emerged around the world to challenge this wave of enclosure with a new counter-politics of “access to knowledge” or “A2K.” They include software programmers who took to the streets to defeat software patents in Europe, AIDS activists who forced multinational pharmaceutical companies to permit copies of their medicines to be sold in poor countries, subsistence farmers defending their rights to food security or access to agricultural biotechnology, and college students who created a new “free culture” movement to defend the digital commons. Access to Knowledge in the Age of Intellectual Property maps this emerging field of activism as a series of historical moments, strategies, and concepts. It gathers some of the most important thinkers and advocates in the field to make the stakes and strategies at play in this new domain visible and the terms of intellectual property law intelligible in their political implications around the world. A Creative Commons edition of this work will be freely available online.
“Access To Knowledge In The Age Of Intellectual Property” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Access To Knowledge In The Age Of Intellectual Property
- Language: English
“Access To Knowledge In The Age Of Intellectual Property” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: intellectual property - copyright - book
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- Internet Archive ID: oapen-20.500.12657-26082
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