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We confirm the claim of Ref. [D.R. Phillips, C. Schat, Phys. Rev. C88 (2013) 3, 034002] that 20 operators are sufficient to represent the most general local isospin-invariant three-nucleon force and derive explicit relations between the two sets of operators suggested in Refs. [D.R. Phillips, C. Schat, Phys. Rev. C88 (2013) 3, 034002] and [H. Krebs, A.M. Gasparyan, E. Epelbaum, Phys.Rev. C87 (2013) 5, 054007]. We use the set of 20 operators to discuss the chiral expansion of the long- and intermediate-range parts of the three-nucleon force up to next-to-next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order in the standard formulation without explicit Delta(1232) degrees of freedom. We also address implications of the large-N_c expansion in QCD for the size of the various three-nucleon force contributions.

We confirm the claim of Ref. [D.R. Phillips, C. Schat, Phys. Rev. C88 (2013) 3, 034002] that 20 operators are sufficient to represent the most general local isospin-invariant three-nucleon force and derive explicit relations between the two sets of operators suggested in Refs. [D.R. Phillips, C. Schat, Phys. Rev. C88 (2013) 3, 034002] and [H. Krebs, A.M. Gasparyan, E. Epelbaum, Phys.Rev. C87 (2013) 5, 054007]. We use the set of 20 operators to discuss the chiral expansion of the long- and intermediate-range parts of the three-nucleon force up to next-to-next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order in the standard formulation without explicit Delta(1232) degrees of freedom. We also address implications of the large-N_c expansion in QCD for the size of the various three-nucleon force contributions.

Encouraging continuous improvement in the quality, scale and breadth of online education, the Sloan Consortium invites practitioners to share effective practices. This report synthesizes effective practices submitted by Sloan-C members to the online collection at http://www.sloanconsortium.org/effective as of November 2010. The synthesis includes links to the provider institutions and to detailed postings about practices.

We calculate the effective prepotentials for N=2 supersymmetric SO(N_c) and Sp(N_c) gauge theories, with an arbitrary number of hypermultiplets in the defining representation, from restrictions of the prepotentials for suitable N=2 supersymmetric gauge theories with unitary gauge groups. (This extends previous work in which the prepotential for N=2 supersymmetric SU(N_c) gauge theories was evaluated from the exact solution constructed out of spectral curves.) The prepotentials have to all orders the logarithmic singularities of the one-loop perturbative corrections, as expected from non-renormalization theorems. We evaluate explicitly the contributions of one- and two-instanton processes.

Based on the microscopic mechanisms of (1) charge-excitation-induced negative effective U in s^1 or d^9 electronic configurations, and (2) exchange-correlation-induced negative effective U in d^4 or d^6 electronic configurations, we propose a general rule and materials design of negative effective U system in itinerant (ionic and metallic) system for the realization of high-T_c superconductors. We design a T_c-enhancing layer (or clusters) of charge-excitation-induced negative effective $U$ connecting the superconducting layers for the realistic systems.

Based on the microscopic mechanisms of (1) charge-excitation-induced negative effective U in s^1 or d^9 electronic configurations, and (2) exchange-correlation-induced negative effective U in d^4 or d^6 electronic configurations, we propose a general rule and materials design of negative effective U system in itinerant (ionic and metallic) system for the realization of high-T_c superconductors. We design a T_c-enhancing layer (or clusters) of charge-excitation-induced negative effective $U$ connecting the superconducting layers for the realistic systems.

An examination was made of the utilization of the effective moment parameter, that has been used for many years, in relation to a recently devised procedure that involves the concept of an effective angle of attack for the nonlinear motion history being analyzed. This procedure provides an approximate direct relationship between an effective moment parameter measurement and its parent nonlinear moment curve, for a large family of nonlinearities. Both the additional use of the effective moment parameter values and the restraints in their utilization are discussed in relation to small amplitude, large amplitude, and out-of-plane modes of testing.

An examination was made of the utilization of the effective moment parameter, that has been used for many years, in relation to a recently devised procedure that involves the concept of an effective angle of attack for the nonlinear motion history being analyzed. This procedure provides an approximate direct relationship between an effective moment parameter measurement and its parent nonlinear moment curve, for a large family of nonlinearities. Both the additional use of the effective moment parameter values and the restraints in their utilization are discussed in relation to small amplitude, large amplitude, and out-of-plane modes of testing.

Few dispute George Marshall's role in winning World War II. He is universally recognized as one of its most important leaders. But General Marshall was not a commander in the field. Unlike Generals Eisenhower, MacArthur, Bradley, and Patton, Marshall was the Army's Chief of Staff -- a position normally relegated to historical obscurity. In fact, Roosevelt once asked, Who remembers who the Chiefs of Staff were during the Civil War or World War I? Despite his position as a staff officer, Marshall emerged as the war's most respected general. He and his staff directed military operations around the world. In addition, he was Roosevelt's most trusted military advisor, a strategist on global terms, and a champion of alliance warfare. He was one of the war's most effective leaders. As with most talented men, one can learn a great deal from George Marshall. His ability to successfully direct the Army Staff during the crucial 3-month period from December 1941 through March 1942 is particularly instructive. It provides some very good insights on how to lead and direct a large staff faced with multiple problems. During this period, Marshall and his staff successfully tackled a wide range of critical problems that would affect the outcome of the war. This article looks at Marshall's preparation to become Chief of Staff, his ability to build an effective team, the character of the staff, and Marshall's interaction with these very talented men. Following this background information, the author investigates how Marshall handled two critical issues: the support to the beleaguered forces in the Philippines, and the reorganization of the Army Staff. Lastly, he offers some insights into why Marshall was so successful as a staff leader.

De Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) and Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations of the organic metal $\theta$-(BETS) 4 CoBr 4 (C 6 H 4 Cl 2) are studied in magnetic fields of up to 55 T at liquid helium temperatures. In line with Fermi surfaces (FS) illustrating the linear chain of coupled orbits, the observed Fourier components are linear combinations of the frequencies linked to the two basic orbits $\alpha$ and $\beta$, which have small effective masses compared to other organic metals with the same FS topology. Analytical formulas based on a second order development of the free energy within the canonical ensemble, not only account for the field and temperature dependence of the dHvA amplitudes but also for their relative values. In addition, strongly non-Lifshitz-Kosevich behaviours are quantitatively interpreted. In contrast, Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations are not accounted for by this model. short title: Quantum oscillations of $\theta$-(BETS) 4 CoBr 4 (C 6 H 4 Cl 2)

Many single crystalline iron based superconductors can be understood by considering a superconducting order parameter that changes sign in two different parts of the Fermi surface. Interband scattering in such s$\pm$ superconductors is expected to considerably modify the superconducting density of states at the Fermi level close to crystalline defects, as a consequence of the sign changes of the order parameter. Unlike other known superconductors, vortex lattices in single crystals of iron based superconductors are often disordered. However, it is still unknown if these disordered vortex lattices are due to defect scattering or to substitutional disorder. Here we study single crystals of stoichiometric CaKFe$_4$As$_4$. The superconducting critical temperature is very high, of T$_c=$ 35 K, a value comparable to that found near optimal substitution levels in disordered iron based systems. Using a scanning tunneling microscope we find two-gap superconducting behavior. We observe that the vortex lattice is hexagonal but becomes disordered after a few lattice spacings. We find that the spatial variation of the superconducting order parameter within a vortex core is the same in the two parts of the Fermi surface. Disorder in the vortex lattice appears because vortices tend to be located at positions where scattering by defects induces a finite density of states at the Fermi level.

This article is from Indian Journal of Orthopaedics , volume 48 . Abstract Background:: It is common in medical practice to see patients having persistent pain and radiculopathy even after undergoing discectomy surgery. Inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukins are produced at the site of disc herniation and are now considered responsible for the pain perceived by the patient. This study has used high sensitive C-reactive protein (HSCRP) assay for predicting inflammation around the nerve roots on very same principle, which has used HSCRP for predicting coronary artery diseases in current clinical practice. Thus, purpose of this study is to test whether HSCRP can stand as an objective tool to predict postoperative recovery in patients undergoing lumbar discectomy. That is, to study association between preoperative HSCRP blood level and postoperative recovery with the help of modified Oswestry Back Disability Score. Materials and Methods:: A study group consisting of 50 cases of established lumbar disc disease and control group of 50 normal subjects, matched with the study group. Both the study and control groups were subjected to detailed evaluation with the help of modified Oswestry Low Back Pain Scale both pre and postoperatively at 3 months, 6 months and 1-year. The preoperative blood samples were analyzed to assess the HSCRP concentration. All the cases underwent surgery over a period of 1-year by the same surgeon. Results:: The level of HSCRP in the study group was between 0.050– and 0.710 mg/dL and in the control group, 0.005-0.020 mg/dL. There was highly significant positive correlation between preoperative HSCRP level and postoperative score at P < 0.005. Cases with HSCRP level in the range of 0.1820 ± 0.079 mg/dL, showed better recovery (score improved > 10 points), while those with HSCRP level in the range of 0.470 ± 0.163 mg/dL, showed poor recovery (score improved < 10 points). Conclusion:: HSCRP will serve as a good supplementary prognostic marker for operative decision making in borderline and troublesome cases of lumbar disc disease.

This article is from Scientific Reports , volume 3 . Abstract An effective hemin catalyst on graphene support for selective oxidation of primary C-H bond in toluene is reported with an over 50% conversion rate achieved at mild conditions. Significantly this hybrid material shows catalytic efficiency in toluene oxidation with selectivity towards benzoic acid. The role of graphene support is discussed here as providing large contact area between the catalyst and the substrate, maintaining hemin in catalytically active monomer form, attracting electron to promote site isolation, as well as protecting hemin from oxidative degradation during the reaction. Moreover, graphene is suggested to largely alter the final product selectivity, due to the different π-π interaction strength between the graphene support and the substrate/oxidized products. With longer reaction time, overall conversion rate tends to maintain relatively unchanged while toluene undergoes a series of oxidation to convert mostly to benzoic acid.

This article is from Scientific Reports , volume 3 . Abstract An effective hemin catalyst on graphene support for selective oxidation of primary C-H bond in toluene is reported with an over 50% conversion rate achieved at mild conditions. Significantly this hybrid material shows catalytic efficiency in toluene oxidation with selectivity towards benzoic acid. The role of graphene support is discussed here as providing large contact area between the catalyst and the substrate, maintaining hemin in catalytically active monomer form, attracting electron to promote site isolation, as well as protecting hemin from oxidative degradation during the reaction. Moreover, graphene is suggested to largely alter the final product selectivity, due to the different π-π interaction strength between the graphene support and the substrate/oxidized products. With longer reaction time, overall conversion rate tends to maintain relatively unchanged while toluene undergoes a series of oxidation to convert mostly to benzoic acid.

This article is from Virology Journal , volume 11 . Abstract Introduction: Approximately 100 million confirmed infections and 20,000 deaths are caused by Dengue virus (DENV) outbreaks annually. Global warming and rapid dispersal have resulted in DENV epidemics in formally non-endemic regions. Currently no consistently effective preventive measures for DENV exist, prompting development of transgenic and paratransgenic vector control approaches. Production of transgenic mosquitoes refractory for virus infection and/or transmission is contingent upon defining antiviral genes that have low probability for allowing escape mutations, and are equally effective against multiple serotypes. Previously we demonstrated the effectiveness of an anti-viral group I intron targeting U143 of the DENV genome in mediating trans-splicing and expression of a marker gene with the capsid coding domain. In this report we examine the effectiveness of coupling expression of ΔN Bax to trans-splicing U143 intron activity as a means of suppressing DENV infection of mosquito cells. Results: Targeting the conserved DENV circularization sequence (CS) by U143 intron trans-splicing activity appends a 3’ exon RNA encoding ΔN Bax to the capsid coding region of the genomic RNA, resulting in a chimeric protein that induces premature cell death upon infection. TCID50-IFA analyses demonstrate an enhancement of DENV suppression for all DENV serotypes tested over the identical group I intron coupled with the non-apoptotic inducing firefly luciferase as the 3’ exon. These cumulative results confirm the increased effectiveness of this αDENV-U143-ΔN Bax group I intron as a sequence specific antiviral that should be useful for suppression of DENV in transgenic mosquitoes. Annexin V staining, caspase 3 assays, and DNA ladder observations confirm DCA-ΔN Bax fusion protein expression induces apoptotic cell death. Conclusion: This report confirms the relative effectiveness of an anti-DENV group I intron coupled to an apoptosis-inducing ΔN Bax 3’ exon that trans-splices conserved sequences of the 5’ CS region of all DENV serotypes and induces apoptotic cell death upon infection. Our results confirm coupling the targeted ribozyme capabilities of the group I intron with the generation of an apoptosis-inducing transcript increases the effectiveness of infection suppression, improving the prospects of this unique approach as a means of inducing transgenic refractoriness in mosquitoes for all serotypes of this important disease.

For area preserving $C^2$ surface diffeomorphisms, we give an explicit finite information condition, on the exponential growth of the number of Bowen's $(n,\delta)-$balls needed to cover a positive proportion of the space, that is sufficient to guarantee positive topological entropy. This can be seen as an effective version of Katok's horseshoe theorem in the conservative setting. We also show that the analogous result is false in dimension larger than $3$.

In this article, we follow the arguments in a paper of Y-T. Siu to study the effective termination of Kohn's algorithm for special domains in $\mathbb{C}^{3}$. We make explicit the effective constants and generic conditions that appear there, and we obtain an explicit expression for the regularity of the Dolbeault laplacian for the $\overline{\partial}$-Neumann problem. Specifically, on a local peudoconvex domain of the special shape \[ \Omega:= \bigg\{(z_{1},z_{2},z_{3})\in\mathbb{C}^{3}:\ 2\text{Re}\ z_{3}+ \sum_{i=1}^{N}|F_{i}(z_{1},z_{2})|^{2}

We analytically derive the effective layer elastic energy of smectic-A and smectic-C liquid crystals by adiabatic elimination of the orientational degree of freedom from the generalized Chen-Lubensky model. In the smectic-A phase, the effective layer bending elastic modulus is calculated as a function of the wavelength of the layer undulation mode. It turns out that an unlocking of the layer normal and the director reduces the layer bending rigidity for wavelengths smaller than the director penetration length. In the achiral smectic-C phase, an anisotropic bending elasticity appears due to the coupling between the layer displacement and director. The effective layer bending rigidity is calculated as a function of the angle $\vartheta$ between the layer undulation wave-vector and the director field. We compute the free energy minimizer $\vartheta=\theta$. It turns out that $\theta$ varies from $0\deg$ to $90\deg$ depending on the tilt angle, undulation wave-length and other elastic constants. We also discover a new important characteristic length and the discontinuous change of $\theta$. Using the elastic constants of Chen-Lubensky model, we determine the parameters of the more macroscopic model [Y. Hatwalne and T. C. Lubensky, Phys. Rev. E {\bf 52}, 6240 (1995)]. We then discuss the hydrodynamics, and demonstrate the alignment of director and the propagation of the anisotropic layer displacement wave in the presence of an oscillatory wall and a vibrating cylindrical source respectively.

The baryon differential spectrum of the baryon decay $\Lambda_b \to \Lambda_c \ell \bar{\nu}_\ell$ will be measured in detail at LHCb. We obtain new results on the form factors in the heavy quark expansion of Heavy Quark Effective Theory that can be useful in the interpretation of the data. We formulate a sum rule for the elastic subleading form factor $A(w)$ at order $1/m_Q$, that originates from the Lagrangian perturbation $\mathcal{L}_{kin}$. In the sum rule appear only the intermediate states $(j^P, J^P) = (0^+, {1 \over 2}^+)$, entering also in the $1/{m_Q^2}$ correction to the axial form factor $G_1(w)$, that contributes to the differential rate at zero recoil $w = 1$. This result, together with another sum rule in the forward direction for $|G_1(1)|^2$, allows us to obtain a lower bound for the correction at zero recoil $- \delta_{1/{m_Q^2}}^{(G_1)}$ in terms of the derivative $A'_1(1)$ and the slope $\rho^2_\Lambda$ and curvature $\sigma^2_\Lambda$ of the elastic Isgur-Wise function $\xi_{\Lambda}(w)$. Another theoretical implication is that $A'(1)$ must vanish for some relation between $\rho^2_\Lambda$ and $\sigma^2_\Lambda$, as well as for $\rho^2_\Lambda \to 0$, establishing a non-trivial correlation between the leading IW function $\xi_{\Lambda}(w)$ and the subleading one $A(w)$. A phenomenological estimation of these two functions allows to obtain a lower bound on $- \delta_{1/{m_Q^2}}^{(G_1)}$.

An effective field theory of $\alpha$ cluster condensation is formulated as a spontaneously broken symmetry in quantum field theory to understand the raison d'etre and nature of the Hoyle and $\alpha$ cluster states in $^{12}$C. The Nambu--Goldstone and Higgs mode operators in infinite systems are replaced with a pair of canonical operators whose Hamiltonian gives rise to discrete energy states in addition to the Bogoliubov--de Gennes excited states. The calculations reproduce well the experimental spectrum of the $\alpha$ cluster states. The existence of the Nambu--Goldstone--Higgs states is demonstrated and crucial. The $\gamma$ decay transitions are also obtained.

To support continuous improvement in the quality, scale and breadth of online education, the Sloan Consortium invites practitioners to share effective practices. This report synthesizes effective practices submitted by more than 150 Sloan-C organizations that are listed as of December 2008 in the Sloan-C Effective Practices online collection at http://www.sloanconsortium.org/effective. The synthesis includes links to the provider institutions and to detailed postings about practices.

(Purposes) There are two purposes of this history. The first was to describe how the EOA National Best Practices Clearinghouse identified, described, and evaluated evidence that was focused on effective educational practices for Gaining Early Awareness and Readiness for Undergraduate Programs (GEAR UP) and TRIO students who were economically disadvantaged, first-generation college attendees, and historically underrepresented in education. No other open-access clearinghouse in the nation is solely focused on this marginalized student population. The second purpose for this history was to provide effective principles for providing an effective practice clearinghouse so that other organizations could create their own clearinghouse. (Method) Documents and procedural manuals were reviewed and interviews with more than a dozen individuals were conducted to provide an accurate history of the clearinghouse and a critical critique of its operation. Utilizing principles of critical historical analysis, the history concluded with a final section entitled "lessons learned" that provided the critique and recommended actions for operational improvement. The clearinghouse was located at http://besteducationpractices.org An earlier draft of this history document was reviewed by a dozen educators who were familiar with the Clearinghouse operation over the past decade. Their recommended revisions were incorporated into the final version of the history. (Results) As documented through previously approved annual ERIC reports, the Clearinghouse approved nearly fifty administrative and educational practices that represent each of the five major federally-funded TRIO and GEAR UP programs: (a) Educational Talent Search, (b) Upward Bound, (c) Educational Opportunity Centers, (d) Disability Services, (e) Student Support Services, (f) Ronald E. McNair Postbaccalaureate Achievement, and (g) GEAR UP. Since its inception, the website each month has been visited by an average of six hundred educators from 55 countries. (Implications) Based on this report, other organizations could adopt and adapt the procedures from the EOA Clearinghouse. This report explored the need for a clearinghouse, definitions for a best education practice, review of the professional literature concerning other education practice clearinghouses, the history of events in the life of this clearinghouse, and finally, lessons learned from this clearinghouse that could be helpful to others who wanted to create their own clearinghouse. The appendices contain the qualifications for the External Expert Panel and criteria for evaluation of administrative and educational practices. While programs in the field may all do essentially the same thing, they often do it differently to meet the unique needs of their students and the education setting. The EOA Clearinghouse honors that ingenuity and shares it with others. (Additional Materials) Appended to the history are (1) History of GEAR UP and TRIO Programs; (2) Description of the External Expert Panel that decides which submissions are accepted into the clearinghouse; and (3) Procedures for evaluation of administrative and educational practices submissions to the clearinghouse. [The Education Opportunity Association (EOA) and the University of Minnesota sponsor the EOA National Best Practices Clearinghouse. This work was published by Colleagues of Color for Social Justice.]

(Purposes) There are two purposes of this history. The first was to describe how the EOA National Best Practices Clearinghouse identified, described, and evaluated evidence that was focused on effective educational practices for Gaining Early Awareness and Readiness for Undergraduate Programs (GEAR UP) and TRIO students who were economically disadvantaged, first-generation college attendees, and historically underrepresented in education. No other open-access clearinghouse in the nation is solely focused on this marginalized student population. The second purpose for this history was to provide effective principles for providing an effective practice clearinghouse so that other organizations could create their own clearinghouse. (Method) Documents and procedural manuals were reviewed and interviews with more than a dozen individuals were conducted to provide an accurate history of the clearinghouse and a critical critique of its operation. Utilizing principles of critical historical analysis, the history concluded with a final section entitled "lessons learned" that provided the critique and recommended actions for operational improvement. The clearinghouse was located at http://besteducationpractices.org An earlier draft of this history document was reviewed by a dozen educators who were familiar with the Clearinghouse operation over the past decade. Their recommended revisions were incorporated into the final version of the history. (Results) As documented through previously approved annual ERIC reports, the Clearinghouse approved nearly fifty administrative and educational practices that represent each of the five major federally-funded TRIO and GEAR UP programs: (a) Educational Talent Search, (b) Upward Bound, (c) Educational Opportunity Centers, (d) Disability Services, (e) Student Support Services, (f) Ronald E. McNair Postbaccalaureate Achievement, and (g) GEAR UP. Since its inception, the website each month has been visited by an average of six hundred educators from 55 countries. (Implications) Based on this report, other organizations could adopt and adapt the procedures from the EOA Clearinghouse. This report explored the need for a clearinghouse, definitions for a best education practice, review of the professional literature concerning other education practice clearinghouses, the history of events in the life of this clearinghouse, and finally, lessons learned from this clearinghouse that could be helpful to others who wanted to create their own clearinghouse. The appendices contain the qualifications for the External Expert Panel and criteria for evaluation of administrative and educational practices. While programs in the field may all do essentially the same thing, they often do it differently to meet the unique needs of their students and the education setting. The EOA Clearinghouse honors that ingenuity and shares it with others. (Additional Materials) Appended to the history are (1) History of GEAR UP and TRIO Programs; (2) Description of the External Expert Panel that decides which submissions are accepted into the clearinghouse; and (3) Procedures for evaluation of administrative and educational practices submissions to the clearinghouse. [The Education Opportunity Association (EOA) and the University of Minnesota sponsor the EOA National Best Practices Clearinghouse. This work was published by Colleagues of Color for Social Justice.]

(Purposes) There are two purposes of this history. The first was to describe how the EOA National Best Practices Clearinghouse identified, described, and evaluated evidence that was focused on effective educational practices for Gaining Early Awareness and Readiness for Undergraduate Programs (GEAR UP) and TRIO students who were economically disadvantaged, first-generation college attendees, and historically underrepresented in education. No other open-access clearinghouse in the nation is solely focused on this marginalized student population. The second purpose for this history was to provide effective principles for providing an effective practice clearinghouse so that other organizations could create their own clearinghouse. (Method) Documents and procedural manuals were reviewed and interviews with more than a dozen individuals were conducted to provide an accurate history of the clearinghouse and a critical critique of its operation. Utilizing principles of critical historical analysis, the history concluded with a final section entitled "lessons learned" that provided the critique and recommended actions for operational improvement. The clearinghouse was located at http://besteducationpractices.org An earlier draft of this history document was reviewed by a dozen educators who were familiar with the Clearinghouse operation over the past decade. Their recommended revisions were incorporated into the final version of the history. (Results) As documented through previously approved annual ERIC reports, the Clearinghouse approved nearly fifty administrative and educational practices that represent each of the five major federally-funded TRIO and GEAR UP programs: (a) Educational Talent Search, (b) Upward Bound, (c) Educational Opportunity Centers, (d) Disability Services, (e) Student Support Services, (f) Ronald E. McNair Postbaccalaureate Achievement, and (g) GEAR UP. Since its inception, the website each month has been visited by an average of six hundred educators from 55 countries. (Implications) Based on this report, other organizations could adopt and adapt the procedures from the EOA Clearinghouse. This report explored the need for a clearinghouse, definitions for a best education practice, review of the professional literature concerning other education practice clearinghouses, the history of events in the life of this clearinghouse, and finally, lessons learned from this clearinghouse that could be helpful to others who wanted to create their own clearinghouse. The appendices contain the qualifications for the External Expert Panel and criteria for evaluation of administrative and educational practices. While programs in the field may all do essentially the same thing, they often do it differently to meet the unique needs of their students and the education setting. The EOA Clearinghouse honors that ingenuity and shares it with others. (Additional Materials) Appended to the history are (1) History of GEAR UP and TRIO Programs; (2) Description of the External Expert Panel that decides which submissions are accepted into the clearinghouse; and (3) Procedures for evaluation of administrative and educational practices submissions to the clearinghouse. [The Education Opportunity Association (EOA) and the University of Minnesota sponsor the EOA National Best Practices Clearinghouse. This work was published by Colleagues of Color for Social Justice.]

(Purposes) There are two purposes of this history. The first was to describe how the EOA National Best Practices Clearinghouse identified, described, and evaluated evidence that was focused on effective educational practices for Gaining Early Awareness and Readiness for Undergraduate Programs (GEAR UP) and TRIO students who were economically disadvantaged, first-generation college attendees, and historically underrepresented in education. No other open-access clearinghouse in the nation is solely focused on this marginalized student population. The second purpose for this history was to provide effective principles for providing an effective practice clearinghouse so that other organizations could create their own clearinghouse. (Method) Documents and procedural manuals were reviewed and interviews with more than a dozen individuals were conducted to provide an accurate history of the clearinghouse and a critical critique of its operation. Utilizing principles of critical historical analysis, the history concluded with a final section entitled "lessons learned" that provided the critique and recommended actions for operational improvement. The clearinghouse was located at http://besteducationpractices.org An earlier draft of this history document was reviewed by a dozen educators who were familiar with the Clearinghouse operation over the past decade. Their recommended revisions were incorporated into the final version of the history. (Results) As documented through previously approved annual ERIC reports, the Clearinghouse approved nearly fifty administrative and educational practices that represent each of the five major federally-funded TRIO and GEAR UP programs: (a) Educational Talent Search, (b) Upward Bound, (c) Educational Opportunity Centers, (d) Disability Services, (e) Student Support Services, (f) Ronald E. McNair Postbaccalaureate Achievement, and (g) GEAR UP. Since its inception, the website each month has been visited by an average of six hundred educators from 55 countries. (Implications) Based on this report, other organizations could adopt and adapt the procedures from the EOA Clearinghouse. This report explored the need for a clearinghouse, definitions for a best education practice, review of the professional literature concerning other education practice clearinghouses, the history of events in the life of this clearinghouse, and finally, lessons learned from this clearinghouse that could be helpful to others who wanted to create their own clearinghouse. The appendices contain the qualifications for the External Expert Panel and criteria for evaluation of administrative and educational practices. While programs in the field may all do essentially the same thing, they often do it differently to meet the unique needs of their students and the education setting. The EOA Clearinghouse honors that ingenuity and shares it with others. (Additional Materials) Appended to the history are (1) History of GEAR UP and TRIO Programs; (2) Description of the External Expert Panel that decides which submissions are accepted into the clearinghouse; and (3) Procedures for evaluation of administrative and educational practices submissions to the clearinghouse. [The Education Opportunity Association (EOA) and the University of Minnesota sponsor the EOA National Best Practices Clearinghouse. This work was published by Colleagues of Color for Social Justice.]

(Purposes) There are two purposes of this history. The first was to describe how the EOA National Best Practices Clearinghouse identified, described, and evaluated evidence that was focused on effective educational practices for Gaining Early Awareness and Readiness for Undergraduate Programs (GEAR UP) and TRIO students who were economically disadvantaged, first-generation college attendees, and historically underrepresented in education. No other open-access clearinghouse in the nation is solely focused on this marginalized student population. The second purpose for this history was to provide effective principles for providing an effective practice clearinghouse so that other organizations could create their own clearinghouse. (Method) Documents and procedural manuals were reviewed and interviews with more than a dozen individuals were conducted to provide an accurate history of the clearinghouse and a critical critique of its operation. Utilizing principles of critical historical analysis, the history concluded with a final section entitled "lessons learned" that provided the critique and recommended actions for operational improvement. The clearinghouse was located at http://besteducationpractices.org An earlier draft of this history document was reviewed by a dozen educators who were familiar with the Clearinghouse operation over the past decade. Their recommended revisions were incorporated into the final version of the history. (Results) As documented through previously approved annual ERIC reports, the Clearinghouse approved nearly fifty administrative and educational practices that represent each of the five major federally-funded TRIO and GEAR UP programs: (a) Educational Talent Search, (b) Upward Bound, (c) Educational Opportunity Centers, (d) Disability Services, (e) Student Support Services, (f) Ronald E. McNair Postbaccalaureate Achievement, and (g) GEAR UP. Since its inception, the website each month has been visited by an average of six hundred educators from 55 countries. (Implications) Based on this report, other organizations could adopt and adapt the procedures from the EOA Clearinghouse. This report explored the need for a clearinghouse, definitions for a best education practice, review of the professional literature concerning other education practice clearinghouses, the history of events in the life of this clearinghouse, and finally, lessons learned from this clearinghouse that could be helpful to others who wanted to create their own clearinghouse. The appendices contain the qualifications for the External Expert Panel and criteria for evaluation of administrative and educational practices. While programs in the field may all do essentially the same thing, they often do it differently to meet the unique needs of their students and the education setting. The EOA Clearinghouse honors that ingenuity and shares it with others. (Additional Materials) Appended to the history are (1) History of GEAR UP and TRIO Programs; (2) Description of the External Expert Panel that decides which submissions are accepted into the clearinghouse; and (3) Procedures for evaluation of administrative and educational practices submissions to the clearinghouse. [The Education Opportunity Association (EOA) and the University of Minnesota sponsor the EOA National Best Practices Clearinghouse. This work was published by Colleagues of Color for Social Justice.]

(Purposes) There are two purposes of this history. The first was to describe how the EOA National Best Practices Clearinghouse identified, described, and evaluated evidence that was focused on effective educational practices for Gaining Early Awareness and Readiness for Undergraduate Programs (GEAR UP) and TRIO students who were economically disadvantaged, first-generation college attendees, and historically underrepresented in education. No other open-access clearinghouse in the nation is solely focused on this marginalized student population. The second purpose for this history was to provide effective principles for providing an effective practice clearinghouse so that other organizations could create their own clearinghouse. (Method) Documents and procedural manuals were reviewed and interviews with more than a dozen individuals were conducted to provide an accurate history of the clearinghouse and a critical critique of its operation. Utilizing principles of critical historical analysis, the history concluded with a final section entitled "lessons learned" that provided the critique and recommended actions for operational improvement. The clearinghouse was located at http://besteducationpractices.org An earlier draft of this history document was reviewed by a dozen educators who were familiar with the Clearinghouse operation over the past decade. Their recommended revisions were incorporated into the final version of the history. (Results) As documented through previously approved annual ERIC reports, the Clearinghouse approved nearly fifty administrative and educational practices that represent each of the five major federally-funded TRIO and GEAR UP programs: (a) Educational Talent Search, (b) Upward Bound, (c) Educational Opportunity Centers, (d) Disability Services, (e) Student Support Services, (f) Ronald E. McNair Postbaccalaureate Achievement, and (g) GEAR UP. Since its inception, the website each month has been visited by an average of six hundred educators from 55 countries. (Implications) Based on this report, other organizations could adopt and adapt the procedures from the EOA Clearinghouse. This report explored the need for a clearinghouse, definitions for a best education practice, review of the professional literature concerning other education practice clearinghouses, the history of events in the life of this clearinghouse, and finally, lessons learned from this clearinghouse that could be helpful to others who wanted to create their own clearinghouse. The appendices contain the qualifications for the External Expert Panel and criteria for evaluation of administrative and educational practices. While programs in the field may all do essentially the same thing, they often do it differently to meet the unique needs of their students and the education setting. The EOA Clearinghouse honors that ingenuity and shares it with others. (Additional Materials) Appended to the history are (1) History of GEAR UP and TRIO Programs; (2) Description of the External Expert Panel that decides which submissions are accepted into the clearinghouse; and (3) Procedures for evaluation of administrative and educational practices submissions to the clearinghouse. [The Education Opportunity Association (EOA) and the University of Minnesota sponsor the EOA National Best Practices Clearinghouse. This work was published by Colleagues of Color for Social Justice.]

We report on a high precision Montecarlo test of the three dimensional Ising gauge model at finite temperature. The string tension $\sigma$ is extracted from the expectation values of correlations of Polyakov lines. Agreement with the string tension extracted from Wilson loops is found only if the quantum fluctuations of the flux tube are properly taken into account. The central charge of the underlying conformal field theory is c=1.

We report on a high precision Montecarlo test of the three dimensional Ising gauge model at finite temperature. The string tension $\sigma$ is extracted from the expectation values of correlations of Polyakov lines. Agreement with the string tension extracted from Wilson loops is found only if the quantum fluctuations of the flux tube are properly taken into account. The central charge of the underlying conformal field theory is c=1.

We report on a high precision Montecarlo test of the three dimensional Ising gauge model at finite temperature. The string tension $\sigma$ is extracted from the expectation values of correlations of Polyakov lines. Agreement with the string tension extracted from Wilson loops is found only if the quantum fluctuations of the flux tube are properly taken into account. The central charge of the underlying conformal field theory is c=1.

The equations in cond-mat/0011020 and Phys. Rev, Lett. 86, 4652 (2001) are valid but a numerical estimate in the paper is incorrect.

The equations in cond-mat/0011020 and Phys. Rev, Lett. 86, 4652 (2001) are valid but a numerical estimate in the paper is incorrect.

The equations in cond-mat/0011020 and Phys. Rev, Lett. 86, 4652 (2001) are valid but a numerical estimate in the paper is incorrect.

The recent discovery of the B_c meson by the CDF collaboration and proposed new experiments at Fermilab and CERN motivate new theoretical studies of the B_c system. Here we investigate the radiative leptonic decay B_c -> gamma l nu. This process is an important background to the annihilation process B_c -> l nu, which will be used to extract the B_c decay constant. We perform a model-independent calculation, based on QCD, of the partial width and various kinematic distributions. We also examine the decay within the framework of NRQCD, an effective field theory of nonrelativistic quarks, generalizing the NRQCD Lagrangian to include external sources for the weak and electromagnetic currents. Finally, we comment on the role of the B_c* intermediate state for very soft photon energies.

This paper examines the features of a generalized position-dependent mass Hamiltonian in a supersymmetric framework in which the constraints of pseudo-Hermiticity and CPT are naturally embedded. Different representations of the charge operator are considered that lead to new mass-deformed superpotentials which are inherently PT-symmetric. The qualitative spectral behavior of the Hamiltonian is studied and several interesting consequences are noted.

Encouraging continuous improvement in the quality, scale and breadth of online education, the Sloan Consortium invites practitioners to share effective practices. This report synthesizes effective practices submitted by Sloan-C members to the online collection at http://www.sloanconsortium.org/effective as of December 2011. The synthesis includes links to detailed postings about practices, including the authors and their institutions.

The Kärcher BD 43/40 C Ep scrubber drier offers whisper-quiet operation and user-friendly controls. With a 43 cm cleaning width and a 40-litre tank, it's perfect for efficient cleaning of areas up to 900 m²—ideal for restaurants, hotels, and commercial spaces.

The Lambda_b to Lambda_c semileptonic decay is analyzed in the framework of heavy quark effective theory to the order of 1/m_c and 1/m_b. The QCD sum rule and large N_c predictions to the decay form factors are applied. It argues that the subleading baryonic Isgur-Wise function in the large N_c limit vanishes. The decay rates, distributions and asymmetry parameters are calculated numerically. Some of the nonleptonic decay modes are discussed in the end.

We overview the general scaling behavior of the effective temperature in the que nches of simple non disordered systems, like ferromagnets, to and below $T_C$. Emphasis is on the behavior as d imensionality is varied. Consequences on the shape of the asymptotic parametric representation are derived. In particu lar, this is always trivial in the critical quenches with $T_C>0$. We clarify that the quench to $T_C=0$ at the lower critical dimensionality $d_L$, cannot be regarded as a critical quench. Implications for the behavior of the exponent $a$ of the aging response function in the quenches below $T_C$ are developed.

The symmetries of the Standard Model dictate that for very low energies, where nucleon dynamics can be described in terms of a pionless effective field theory, the leading-order parity-violating nucleon-nucleon Lagrangian contains five independent unknown low-energy constants (LECs). We find that imposing the approximate symmetry of QCD that appears when the number of colors N(c) becomes large reduces the number of independent LECs to two at leading order in the combined pionless effective field theory and large-N(c) expansions. We also find a relation between the two isoscalar LECs in the large-N(c) limit. This has important implications for the number of experiments and/or lattice calculations necessary to confirm this description of physics.

We investigate the hole dynamics in two prototypical high temperature superconducting systems: La$_{2-x}$Sr$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$ and YBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}% $O$_{y}$ using a combination of DC transport and infrared spectroscopy. By exploring the effective spectral weight obtained with optics in conjunction with DC Hall results we find that the transition to the Mott insulating state in these systems is of the "vanishing carrier number" type since we observe no substantial enhancement of the mass as one proceeds to undoped phases. Further, the effective mass remains constant across the entire underdoped regime of the phase diagram. We discuss the implications of these results for the understanding of both transport phenomena and pairing mechanism in high-T$_{c}$ systems.

We determine the effective prepotential for N=2 supersymmetric SU(N_c) gauge theories with an arbitrary number of flavors N_f < 2N_c, from the exact solution constructed out of spectral curves. The prepotential is the same for the several models of spectral curves proposed in the literature. It has to all orders the logarithmic singularities of the one-loop perturbative corrections, thus confirming the non-renormalization theorems from supersymmetry. In particular, the renormalized order parameters and their duals have all the correct monodromy transformations prescribed at weak coupling. We evaluate explicitly the contributions of one- and two-instanton processes.

This article is from PLoS ONE , volume 9 . Abstract This study aimed to determine whether the multi-kinase inhibitor dasatinib would provide an effective therapy for myeloproliferative diseases (MPDs) involving c-Cbl mutations. These mutations, which occur in the RING finger and linker domains, abolish the ability of c-Cbl to function as an E3 ubiquitin ligase and downregulate activated protein tyrosine kinases. Here we analyzed the effects of dasatinib in a c-Cbl RING finger mutant mouse that develops an MPD with a phenotype similar to the human MPDs. The mice are characterized by enhanced tyrosine kinase signaling resulting in an expansion of hematopoietic stem cells, multipotent progenitors and cells within the myeloid lineage. Since c-Cbl is a negative regulator of c-Kit and Src signaling we reasoned that dasatinib, which targets these kinases, would be an effective therapy. Furthermore, two recent studies showed dasatinib to be effective in inhibiting the in vitro growth of cells from leukemia patients with c-Cbl RING finger and linker domain mutations. Surprisingly we found that dasatinib did not provide an effective therapy for c-Cbl RING finger mutant mice since it did not suppress any of the hematopoietic lineages that promote MPD development. Thus we conclude that dasatinib may not be an appropriate therapy for leukemia patients with c-Cbl mutations. We did however find that dasatinib caused a marked reduction of pre-B cells and immature B cells which correlated with a loss of Src activity. This study is therefore the first to provide a detailed characterization of in vivo effects of dasatinib in a hematopoietic disorder that is driven by protein tyrosine kinases other than BCR-ABL.

This article is from PLoS ONE , volume 9 . Abstract This study aimed to determine whether the multi-kinase inhibitor dasatinib would provide an effective therapy for myeloproliferative diseases (MPDs) involving c-Cbl mutations. These mutations, which occur in the RING finger and linker domains, abolish the ability of c-Cbl to function as an E3 ubiquitin ligase and downregulate activated protein tyrosine kinases. Here we analyzed the effects of dasatinib in a c-Cbl RING finger mutant mouse that develops an MPD with a phenotype similar to the human MPDs. The mice are characterized by enhanced tyrosine kinase signaling resulting in an expansion of hematopoietic stem cells, multipotent progenitors and cells within the myeloid lineage. Since c-Cbl is a negative regulator of c-Kit and Src signaling we reasoned that dasatinib, which targets these kinases, would be an effective therapy. Furthermore, two recent studies showed dasatinib to be effective in inhibiting the in vitro growth of cells from leukemia patients with c-Cbl RING finger and linker domain mutations. Surprisingly we found that dasatinib did not provide an effective therapy for c-Cbl RING finger mutant mice since it did not suppress any of the hematopoietic lineages that promote MPD development. Thus we conclude that dasatinib may not be an appropriate therapy for leukemia patients with c-Cbl mutations. We did however find that dasatinib caused a marked reduction of pre-B cells and immature B cells which correlated with a loss of Src activity. This study is therefore the first to provide a detailed characterization of in vivo effects of dasatinib in a hematopoietic disorder that is driven by protein tyrosine kinases other than BCR-ABL.

We calculate the low-energy limit of heavy quark current correlators within an expansion in the inverse heavy quark mass. The induced low-energy currents built from the gluon fields corresponding to the initial heavy quark currents are obtained from an effective action for gauge fields in the one-loop approximation at the leading order of the 1/m expansion. Explicit formulae for the low-energy spectra of electromagnetic and tensor heavy quark current correlators are given. Consequences of the appearance of a nonvanishing spectral density below the two-particle threshold for high precision phenomenology of heavy quarks are discussed quantitatively.

We calculate the low-energy limit of heavy quark current correlators within an expansion in the inverse heavy quark mass. The induced low-energy currents built from the gluon fields corresponding to the initial heavy quark currents are obtained from an effective action for gauge fields in the one-loop approximation at the leading order of the 1/m expansion. Explicit formulae for the low-energy spectra of electromagnetic and tensor heavy quark current correlators are given. Consequences of the appearance of a nonvanishing spectral density below the two-particle threshold for high precision phenomenology of heavy quarks are discussed quantitatively.

We obtain new information about divisors on the $d-$th symmetric power $C_{d}$ of a general curve $C$ of genus $g \geq 4.$ This includes a complete description of the effective cone of $C_{g-1}$ and a partial computation of the volume function on one of its non-nef subcones, as well as new bounds for the effective and movable cones of $C_{d}$ in the range $\frac{g+1}{2} \leq d \leq g-2.$ We also obtain, for each $g \geq 5,$ a divisor on $C_{g-1}$ with non-equidimensional stable base locus. For a general hyperelliptic curve $C$ of genus $g,$ we obtain a complete description of the effective cone of $C_{d}$ for $2 \leq d \leq g$ and an integral divisor on $C_{g-1}$ which has non-integral volume whenever $g$ is not a power of 2.

The $0^{+}$ states of $^{12}\mathrm{C}$ are considered within the framework of the microscopic three-$\alpha$-cluster model. The main attention is paid to accurate calculation of the width of the extremely narrow near-threshold $0^+_2$ state which plays a key role in stellar nucleosynthesis. It is shown that the $0^{+}_2$-state decays by means of the sequential mechanism ${^{12}\mathrm{C}} \to \alpha+{^8\mathrm{Be}} \to 3\alpha$. Calculations are performed for a number of effective $\alpha - \alpha$ potentials which are chosen to reproduce both energy and width of $^8\mathrm{Be}$. The parameters of the additional three-body potential are chosen to fix both the ground and excited state energies at the experimental values. The dependence of the width on the parameters of the effective $\alpha - \alpha$ potential is studied in order to impose restrictions on the potentials.

The $0^{+}$ states of $^{12}\mathrm{C}$ are considered within the framework of the microscopic three-$\alpha$-cluster model. The main attention is paid to accurate calculation of the width of the extremely narrow near-threshold $0^+_2$ state which plays a key role in stellar nucleosynthesis. It is shown that the $0^{+}_2$-state decays by means of the sequential mechanism ${^{12}\mathrm{C}} \to \alpha+{^8\mathrm{Be}} \to 3\alpha$. Calculations are performed for a number of effective $\alpha - \alpha$ potentials which are chosen to reproduce both energy and width of $^8\mathrm{Be}$. The parameters of the additional three-body potential are chosen to fix both the ground and excited state energies at the experimental values. The dependence of the width on the parameters of the effective $\alpha - \alpha$ potential is studied in order to impose restrictions on the potentials.

Properties of the lowest $0^{+}$ states of $^{12}\mathrm{C}$ are calculated to study the role of three-body interactions in the $\alpha$-cluster model. An additional short-range part of the local three-body potential is introduced to incorporate the effects beyond the $\alpha$-cluster model. There is enough freedom in this potential to reproduce the experimental values of the ground-state and excited-state energies and the ground-state root-mean-square radius. The calculations reveal two principal choices of the two-body and three-body potentials. Firstly, one can adjust the potentials to obtain the width of the excited $0_2^+$ state and the monopole $0_2^+ \to 0_1^+ $ transition matrix element in good agreement with the experimental data. In this case, the three-body potential has strong short-range attraction supporting a narrow resonance above the $0_2^+$ state, the excited-state wave function contains a significant short-range component, and the excited-state root-mean-square radius is comparable to that of the ground state. Next, rejecting the solutions with an additional narrow resonance, one finds that the excited-state width and the monopole transition matrix element are insensitive to the choice of the potentials and both values exceed the experimental ones.