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https://www.hrc.utexas.edu A passionate advocate for public Internet access and a successful entrepreneur, Brewster Kahle has spent his career intent on a singular focus: providing Universal Access to All Knowledge. He is the founder and Digital Librarian of the Internet Archive, one of the largest libraries in the world. Soon after graduating from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he studied artificial intelligence, Kahle helped found the company Thinking Machines, a parallel supercomputer maker. In 1989, Kahle created the Internet's first publishing system called Wide Area Information Server (WAIS), later selling the company to AOL. In 1996, Kahle co-founded Alexa Internet, which helped catalog the Web, selling it to Amazon.com in 1999. The Internet Archive, which he founded in 1996, now preserves 99+ unique petabytes of data - the books, Web pages, music, television, and software of our cultural heritage, working with more than 1,100 library and university partners to create a digital library, accessible to all. This lecture was streamed to the internet by the University of Texas on February 13th, 2024, and later posted to YouTube. It is now posted here, commercial-free, for the benefit of the readers of our Spiritual Frontiers Archive collection at the Internet Archive.

https://www.hrc.utexas.edu A passionate advocate for public Internet access and a successful entrepreneur, Brewster Kahle has spent his career intent on a singular focus: providing Universal Access to All Knowledge. He is the founder and Digital Librarian of the Internet Archive, one of the largest libraries in the world. Soon after graduating from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he studied artificial intelligence, Kahle helped found the company Thinking Machines, a parallel supercomputer maker. In 1989, Kahle created the Internet's first publishing system called Wide Area Information Server (WAIS), later selling the company to AOL. In 1996, Kahle co-founded Alexa Internet, which helped catalog the Web, selling it to Amazon.com in 1999. The Internet Archive, which he founded in 1996, now preserves 99+ unique petabytes of data - the books, Web pages, music, television, and software of our cultural heritage, working with more than 1,100 library and university partners to create a digital library, accessible to all. This lecture was streamed to the internet by the University of Texas on February 13th, 2024, and later posted to YouTube. It is now posted here, commercial-free, for the benefit of the readers of our Spiritual Frontiers Archive collection at the Internet Archive.

Splash Reporter Tyler Kieft shows how the West Bloomfield Township Public Library keeps up with the times and maintains a heavy following in an age when information is always in the palm of our hands.

Compilation of 12 blog posts about controlled digital lending by libraries

Wide Area Information Servers Project Documentation, Scanned and uploaded in 2013.

Libraries, archives and museums have traditionally been a part of the public sphere's infrastructure. They have been so by providing public access to culture and knowledge, by being agents for enlightenment and by being public meeting places in their communities. Digitization and globalization poses new challenges in relation to upholding a sustainable public sphere. Can libraries, archives and museums contribute in meeting these challenges?

This paper explores how local and family history services in public libraries overlap with personal digital archiving. The theory used to connect these two domains come from Folklore studies, particularly Barbara Kirschenblatt-Gimbletts work on indigenous modes of life review, which she defines as the social construction of the self through time and the transformation of experience through materials readily at hand. This theory helps us understand how individuals use materials and resources found at through public libraries in the processes of constructing personal identities and personal digital archives. The methods used to explore this topic are focus groups and ethnography. In Spring 2012, I organized three workshops with three public libraries on the topic of Digital Local and Family History. Findings from the workshops are extended in an ongoing ethnographic study at a local history archives in a fourth public library. The individuals that participated in these studies use public libraries both to construct their own personal digital archives, and to construct archives of families and local communities. For many participants, the boundaries among personal, familial and local archives and identities are indeterminate. All participants want to transform their analog archives into digital archives. In this process, they struggle through multiple issues: a) acquiring digital literacy, b) concerns with privacy, copyright and financial costs, and c) feeling overwhelmed by multiple options. To navigate these issues the individuals turn to local, trusted resources. For many participants, Facebook and Ancestry.com have emerged as tools that revolutionize the process of building personal, familial and local digital archives. I conclude by discussing the implications of this study for public pedagogy, programming and technology design around digital personal archiving, in public libraries and elsewhere.

This paper explores how local and family history services in public libraries overlap with personal digital archiving. The theory used to connect these two domains come from Folklore studies, particularly Barbara Kirschenblatt-Gimbletts work on indigenous modes of life review, which she defines as the social construction of the self through time and the transformation of experience through materials readily at hand. This theory helps us understand how individuals use materials and resources found at through public libraries in the processes of constructing personal identities and personal digital archives. The methods used to explore this topic are focus groups and ethnography. In Spring 2012, I organized three workshops with three public libraries on the topic of Digital Local and Family History. Findings from the workshops are extended in an ongoing ethnographic study at a local history archives in a fourth public library. The individuals that participated in these studies use public libraries both to construct their own personal digital archives, and to construct archives of families and local communities. For many participants, the boundaries among personal, familial and local archives and identities are indeterminate. All participants want to transform their analog archives into digital archives. In this process, they struggle through multiple issues: a) acquiring digital literacy, b) concerns with privacy, copyright and financial costs, and c) feeling overwhelmed by multiple options. To navigate these issues the individuals turn to local, trusted resources. For many participants, Facebook and Ancestry.com have emerged as tools that revolutionize the process of building personal, familial and local digital archives. I conclude by discussing the implications of this study for public pedagogy, programming and technology design around digital personal archiving, in public libraries and elsewhere.

Librarian of Congress Carla Hayden discussed the role of libraries in the digital age. This program took place at the American Library Association Annual Conference in Washington, D.C. Sponsor: American Library Association

We asked the same 60 questions using DRS (digital reference services) in Japanese public libraries, face-to-face reference services and Q & A (question and answer) sites. It was found that: (1) The correct answer ratio of DRS is higher than that of Q & A sites; (2) DRS takes longer to provide answers as compared to Q & A sites; and (3) The correct answer ratio of face-to-face reference services in public libraries that provide (do not provide) DRS is higher than (the same as) that of Q & A sites. Considering that a majority of the Japanese public libraries do not provide DRS, the result indicates that Q & A sites and face-to-face reference services are comparable in terms of their ability to answer questions. However, the public libraries that earnestly provide DRS can outperform Q & A sites. (Contains 7 tables and 6 footnotes.)

This white paper analyzes the current landscape of use and usability studies conducted for digital libraries, focusing on three core areas identified at the 2014 Digital Library Federation forum: usability studies, return on investment, and content reuse.

Librarian of Congress Carla Hayden discussed the role of libraries in the digital age. This program took place at the American Library Association Annual Conference in Washington, D.C. Sponsor: American Library Association

Internet Archive founder Brewster Kahle discussed digital libraries, legal disputes over electronic book lending and copyright laws. About Books also reported on the latest publishing industry news. Sponsor: C-SPAN | Book TV

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From more than half a century ago indexing scientific articles has been studied intensively to provide a more efficient data retrieval and to conserve researchers invaluable time. In the last two decades with the emergence of the World Wide Web and the rapid growth in the number of scientific documents online many academic databases and search engines were launched with almost similar structure in order to reduce the difficulty in finding, relating and sorting of the existing scientific documents published online. The dramatic increase of the scientific documents in the last few years makes it necessary that the retrieved information by the search engines be analyzed and more organized and interpretable representation be displayed to the users. Information visualization is a great way for exploration of large and complex data sets, therefore it can be a natural candidate for the purpose of generating more comprehensible search results for the citation and academic databases. In this survey the usage pattern of the participants and their demands and ideas for the existence of other beneficial methods for literature review has been questioned and the results are quantitatively analyzed.

From more than half a century ago indexing scientific articles has been studied intensively to provide a more efficient data retrieval and to conserve researchers invaluable time. In the last two decades with the emergence of the World Wide Web and the rapid growth in the number of scientific documents online many academic databases and search engines were launched with almost similar structure in order to reduce the difficulty in finding, relating and sorting of the existing scientific documents published online. The dramatic increase of the scientific documents in the last few years makes it necessary that the retrieved information by the search engines be analyzed and more organized and interpretable representation be displayed to the users. Information visualization is a great way for exploration of large and complex data sets, therefore it can be a natural candidate for the purpose of generating more comprehensible search results for the citation and academic databases. In this survey the usage pattern of the participants and their demands and ideas for the existence of other beneficial methods for literature review has been questioned and the results are quantitatively analyzed.

From more than half a century ago indexing scientific articles has been studied intensively to provide a more efficient data retrieval and to conserve researchers invaluable time. In the last two decades with the emergence of the World Wide Web and the rapid growth in the number of scientific documents online many academic databases and search engines were launched with almost similar structure in order to reduce the difficulty in finding, relating and sorting of the existing scientific documents published online. The dramatic increase of the scientific documents in the last few years makes it necessary that the retrieved information by the search engines be analyzed and more organized and interpretable representation be displayed to the users. Information visualization is a great way for exploration of large and complex data sets, therefore it can be a natural candidate for the purpose of generating more comprehensible search results for the citation and academic databases. In this survey the usage pattern of the participants and their demands and ideas for the existence of other beneficial methods for literature review has been questioned and the results are quantitatively analyzed.

160 p. ;

This paper discusses digital libraries on the Internet. The resource repository hierarchy, consisting of two major paradigms, search engines (SEs) and digital libraries, is presented. SEs are classified into three categories: basic-SE, directory, and meta-SE. The following six major characteristics of a library are summarized: collection of data objects; collection of metadata structures; collection of services; domain focus; quality control; and preservation. Three classifications of libraries are described: the paper/analog library, the automated/hybrid library, and the digital library. Digital libraries are further subdivided into three categories, i.e., stand-alone digital library, federated digital library, and harvested digital library (HDL), and these categories are compared. The harvesting model for HDLs is discussed, and the Katsir HDL, currently being developed at Bar-Ilan University (Israel) is described. Differences between SEs and digital libraries are considered. (Contains 17 references.) (MES)

Libraries have long served as custodians of knowledge, offering access to literature and preserving cultural heritage. The rapid advancement of digital technology has transformed library services, making information more accessible and expanding the role of libraries beyond physical spaces. This paper examines the evolution of libraries from historical institutions to modern digital knowledge hubs. It examines the impact of technology on library services, including digital preservation, user experience, and ethical considerations. The paper also discusses the future of libraries in a rapidly digitalizing world, highlighting their role in promoting accessibility, community engagement, and sustainable development. By analyzing global perspectives and emerging trends, this study provides insights into the challenges and opportunities that libraries face in the digital era. 

Internet Archive founder Brewster Kahle discussed digital libraries, legal disputes over electronic book lending and copyright laws. About Books also reported on the latest publishing industry news. Sponsor: C-SPAN | Book TV

Internet Archive founder Brewster Kahle discussed digital libraries, legal disputes over electronic book lending and copyright laws. About Books also reported on the latest publishing industry news. Sponsor: C-SPAN | Book TV

Local Libraries Go Digital

Creating an open environment for reading and research, all shades of grey of copyright, bringing together libraries, archives and museums and new ways of accessing digital collections. This and much more in this week’s episode of TWIL: your weekly dose of library innovation!

Digital media and technology have become culturally and economically powerful parts of contemporary middle-class American childhoods. Immersed in various forms of digital media as well as mobile and Web-based technologies, young people today appear to develop knowledge and skills through participation in media. This MacArthur Report examines the ways in which afterschool programs, libraries, and museums use digital media to support extracurricular learning. It investigates how these three varieties of youth-serving organizations have incorporated technological infrastructure and digital practices into their programs; what types of participation and learning digital practices support; and how research in digital media and learning can contribute to better integration of technology within and across these organizations. The authors review a range of programs (including the long-running Computer Clubhouse movement, established in 1993 in partnership with MIT’s Media Lab), and then use the idea of “media ecologies” to investigate the role that digital media play (or could play) in these “intermediary spaces for learning.” They call for less anecdotal, more empirical and methodologically sound studies to help us understand the affordances of digital media for learning within and across these programs; for research focused on the relationship between digital media and the effectiveness of youth-serving organizations; and for further study of schools within childhood media ecologies. This is an open access title from MIT Press:  https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/digital-media-and-technology-afterschool-programs-libraries-and-museums

Our objective was to study the feasibility of extending the Dienst protocol to enable a multi-discipline, multi-format digital library. We implemented two new technologies: cluster functionality and publishing buckets. We have designed a possible implementation of clusters and buckets, and have prototyped some aspects of the resultant digital library. Currently, digital libraries are segregated by the disciplines they serve (computer science, aeronautics, etc.), and by the format of their holdings (reports, software, datasets, etc.). NCSTRL+ is a multi-discipline, multi-format digital library (DL) prototype created to explore the feasibility of the design and implementation issues involved with created a unified, canonical scientific and technical information (STI) DL. NCSTRL+ is based on the Networked Computer Science Technical Report Library (NCSTRL), a World Wide Web (WWW) accessible DL that provides access to over 80 university departments and laboratories. We have extended the Dienst protocol (version 4.1.8), the protocol underlying NCSTRL, to provide the ability to cluster independent collections into a logically centralized DL based upon subject category classification, type of organization, and genre of material. The concept of buckets provides a mechanism for publishing and managing logically linked entities with multiple data formats.

Perma.cc archive of https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=spobooks;idno=bbv9812.0001.001;rgn=div1;view=text;cc=spobooks;node=bbv9812.0001.001:11 created on 2019-10-25 14:15:08+00:00.

Today, people get their information online—often filtered through for-profit platforms. If a book isn’t online, it’s as if it doesn’t exist. Yet much of modern knowledge still lives only on the printed page, stored in libraries. Libraries haven’t met this digital demand, stymied by costs, e-book restrictions, policy risks, and missing infrastructure. We now have the technology and legal frameworks to transform our library system by 2020. The Internet Archive, working with library partners, proposes bringing 4 million books online, through purchase or digitization, starting with the books most widely held and used in libraries and classrooms. Our plan includes at-scale circulation of these e-books, enabling libraries owning the physical works to circulate digital copies. By 2020, we can spark a new “Carnegie moment” in which thousands of libraries unlock their analog collections for a new generation of learners, enabling free, long-term, public access to knowledge.

Introduction: In this paper we propose a multi-agent Selective Dissemination of Information service to improve the research community's access to digital library resources. The service also provides a new recommendation approach to satisfy researchers' specific information requirements. Method: The service model is developed by jointly applying Semantic Web technologies (used to define rich descriptions of resources and a concept scheme that helps in indexing and retrieving tasks), fuzzy linguistic modelling techniques (both ordinal and 2-tuple-based approaches, that allow us to flexibly represent and handle information that is subject to a certain degree of uncertainty), as well as content-based and collaborative filtering techniques. Analysis: An experiment has been carried out to test the performance of the proposed model using a prototype and several experts have been asked to assess the recommendations provided by the system. Results: The outcomes of the experiment reveal that the proposed model is feasible and efficient in terms of precision and recall. Conclusions: Semantic Web technologies and fuzzy linguistic modelling provide the means to develop value-added services for digital libraries, which improve users' access to resources of interest to them. Furthermore, the recommendation approach here proposed allows researchers to satisfy specific information needs not covered by traditional recommender systems. (Contains 7 figures and 3 tables.)

Library executives discussed how the pandemic changed library usage and the future of digital library resources. This virtual event was part of the 2023 U.S. Book Show. Sponsor: New York University,Penguin Random House

Library executives discussed how the pandemic changed library usage and the future of digital library resources. This virtual event was part of the 2023 U.S. Book Show. Sponsor: New York University,Penguin Random House

CLIR pub 144. Commissioned for and sponsored by the National Recording Preservation Board, Library of Congress. "This report addresses the question of what libraries and archives are legally empowered to do to preserve and make accessible for research their holdings of unpublished pre-1972 sound recordings. The report's author, June M. Besek, is executive director of the Kernochan Center for Law, Media and the Arts at Columbia Law School. Unpublished sound recordings are those created for private use, or even for broadcast, but that have not been distributed to the public in copies with the right holder's consent. Examples include tapes of live musical performances or of interviews conducted as part of field research or news gathering. Such recordings may find their way into library and archive collections through donations or purchase. Some may be the only record of a particular performance or event, and therefore may have considerable cultural and historical significance. The rights for use of unpublished recordings are distinct from those for use of commercial sound recordings, which are made with the authorization of rights holders and are intended for reproduction and sale to the public. Using examples of specific types of sound recordings, the Besek study (1) describes the different bodies of law that protect pre-1972 sound recordings, (2) explains the difficulty in defining the precise contours of the law, and (3) provides guidance for libraries evaluating their activities with respect to unpublished pre-1972 sound recordings."

Brewster Kahle delivers the Don Davis Lecture at the Harry Ransom Center, February 12, 2024 https://www.hrc.utexas.edu    A passionate advocate for public Internet access and a successful entrepreneur, Brewster Kahle has spent his career intent on a singular focus: providing Universal Access to All Knowledge. He is the founder and Digital Librarian of the Internet Archive, one of the largest libraries in the world. Soon after graduating from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he studied artificial intelligence, Kahle helped found the company Thinking Machines, a parallel supercomputer maker. In 1989, Kahle created the Internet's first publishing system called Wide Area Information Server (WAIS), later selling the company to AOL. In 1996, Kahle co-founded Alexa Internet, which helped catalog the Web, selling it to Amazon.com in 1999. The Internet Archive, which he founded in 1996, now preserves 99+ unique petabytes of data - the books, Web pages, music, television, and software of our cultural heritage, working with more than 1,100 library and university partners to create a digital library, accessible to all. Archived from  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZlsBUgvMFac

Brewster Kahle delivers the Don Davis Lecture at the Harry Ransom Center, February 12, 2024 https://www.hrc.utexas.edu    A passionate advocate for public Internet access and a successful entrepreneur, Brewster Kahle has spent his career intent on a singular focus: providing Universal Access to All Knowledge. He is the founder and Digital Librarian of the Internet Archive, one of the largest libraries in the world. Soon after graduating from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he studied artificial intelligence, Kahle helped found the company Thinking Machines, a parallel supercomputer maker. In 1989, Kahle created the Internet's first publishing system called Wide Area Information Server (WAIS), later selling the company to AOL. In 1996, Kahle co-founded Alexa Internet, which helped catalog the Web, selling it to Amazon.com in 1999. The Internet Archive, which he founded in 1996, now preserves 99+ unique petabytes of data - the books, Web pages, music, television, and software of our cultural heritage, working with more than 1,100 library and university partners to create a digital library, accessible to all. Archived from  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZlsBUgvMFac

Brewster Kahle delivers the Don Davis Lecture at the Harry Ransom Center, February 12, 2024 https://www.hrc.utexas.edu    A passionate advocate for public Internet access and a successful entrepreneur, Brewster Kahle has spent his career intent on a singular focus: providing Universal Access to All Knowledge. He is the founder and Digital Librarian of the Internet Archive, one of the largest libraries in the world. Soon after graduating from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he studied artificial intelligence, Kahle helped found the company Thinking Machines, a parallel supercomputer maker. In 1989, Kahle created the Internet's first publishing system called Wide Area Information Server (WAIS), later selling the company to AOL. In 1996, Kahle co-founded Alexa Internet, which helped catalog the Web, selling it to Amazon.com in 1999. The Internet Archive, which he founded in 1996, now preserves 99+ unique petabytes of data - the books, Web pages, music, television, and software of our cultural heritage, working with more than 1,100 library and university partners to create a digital library, accessible to all. Archived from  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZlsBUgvMFac

We describe ExpertSeer, a generic framework for expert recommendation based on the contents of a digital library. Given a query term q, ExpertSeer recommends experts of q by retrieving authors who published relevant papers determined by related keyphrases and the quality of papers. The system is based on a simple yet effective keyphrase extractor and the Bayes' rule for expert recommendation. ExpertSeer is domain independent and can be applied to different disciplines and applications since the system is automated and not tailored to a specific discipline. Digital library providers can employ the system to enrich their services and organizations can discover experts of interest within an organization. To demonstrate the power of ExpertSeer, we apply the framework to build two expert recommender systems. The first, CSSeer, utilizes the CiteSeerX digital library to recommend experts primarily in computer science. The second, ChemSeer, uses publicly available documents from the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) to recommend experts in chemistry. Using one thousand computer science terms as benchmark queries, we compared the top-n experts (n=3, 5, 10) returned by CSSeer to two other expert recommenders -- Microsoft Academic Search and ArnetMiner -- and a simulator that imitates the ranking function of Google Scholar. Although CSSeer, Microsoft Academic Search, and ArnetMiner mostly return prestigious researchers who published several papers related to the query term, it was found that different expert recommenders return moderately different recommendations. To further study their performance, we obtained a widely used benchmark dataset as the ground truth for comparison. The results show that our system outperforms Microsoft Academic Search and ArnetMiner in terms of Precision-at-k (P@k) for k=3, 5, 10. We also conducted several case studies to validate the usefulness of our system.

Digital inclusion continues to be a recurring theme and pose serious challenge in achieving the United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goal. Factors such as growing population, age, gender, education, economy etc., continue to play a major role in inhibiting people’s digital access. As a result of the instant exchange of information, people now have access to knowledge, information, data, and other useful things to them than the world has ever recorded in history. People then see the need to be digital inclusive and to be part of the fascinating historical development of ICTs. To enhance people digital inclusiveness, the role of public libraries cannot be overemphasized. This study explores the role of public libraries in making ICTs more accessible to the populations of South Africa, and how these libraries increase ICTs relevance to people’s lives, needs, aspirations, and ultimately, in bridging the digital divide. This study adopts the digital divide approach in discussing the state and role of public libraries in South Africa in bridging the digital gap among its citizens. The authors integrate data from studies on digital inclusion and from Public Library Access studies to gives clearer picture on the issue of digital inclusion and the role of public libraries in South Africa. This study found that digital inclusion goes beyond internet literacy and computer access, but it signifies technical proficiency and people’s ability to access appropriate digital services and contents as and when needed. This study also found that the public libraries play an indispensable role in providing and sustaining digital inclusion for people across South Africa, however not without some challenges. 

More​ ​Than​ ​Digital​ ​Dirt: Preserving​ ​Malware​ ​in​ ​Archives,​ ​Museums,​ ​and​ ​Libraries by Jonathan​ ​Farbowitz, A​ ​thesis​ ​submitted​ ​in​ ​partial​ ​fulfillment of​ ​the​ ​requirements​ ​for​ ​the​ ​degree​ ​of Master​ ​of​ ​Arts Moving​ ​Image​ ​Archiving​ ​and​ ​Preservation​ ​Program, Department​ ​of​ ​Cinema​ ​Studies, New​ ​York​ ​University, May​ ​2016. "I want to talk about the problem of ensuring that this new medium will have a history, one that future scholars can write about critically." - Henry Lowood, "Shall We Play a Game" ​ ​This​ ​project​ ​discusses​ ​a​ ​multitude​ ​of​ ​concerns​ ​and​ ​challenges​ ​in​ ​the​ ​collection, preservation,​ ​and​ ​exhibition​ ​of​ ​malware​ ​and​ ​malware-infected​ ​digital​ ​artefacts​ ​for​ ​historical​ ​and cultural​ ​study.​ ​Malware​ ​is​ ​much​ ​more​ ​than​ ​a​ ​curiosity​ ​or​ ​an​ ​annoyance​ ​to​ ​be​ ​dispensed​ ​with​ ​and this​ ​thesis​ ​will​ ​reveal​ ​many​ ​of​ ​the​ ​narratives​ ​that​ ​malware​ ​presents​ ​in​ ​the​ ​history​ ​of​ ​computing and​ ​the​ ​internet. Despite​ ​(or​ ​perhaps​ ​because​ ​of)​ ​its​ ​ubiquity​ ​online​ ​and​ ​on​ ​individual​ ​computers,​ ​malware has​ ​been​ ​largely​ ​ignored​ ​as​ ​a​ ​potential​ ​collection​ ​item​ ​within​ ​libraries,​ ​archives,​ ​and​ ​museums. Critically,​ ​this​ ​thesis​ ​seeks​ ​to​ ​develop​ ​a​ ​more​ ​nuanced​ ​discussion​ ​about​ ​how​ ​cultural​ ​heritage institutions​ ​should​ ​regard​ ​malware.​ ​These​ ​ institutions​ ​must​ ​understand​ ​how​ ​malware​ ​infections affect​ ​their​ ​workflows​ ​for​ ​processing​ ​born-digital​ ​artefacts​ ​like​ ​hard​ ​drives​ ​and​ ​floppy​ ​disks.​ ​In addition,​ ​some​ ​cultural​ ​heritage​ ​institutions​ ​ought​ ​to​ ​view​ ​malware​ ​as​ ​a​ ​potential​ ​collection​ ​item. While​ ​Henry​ ​Lowood’s​ ​statement​ ​above​ ​refers​ ​to​ ​the​ ​preservation​ ​of​ ​video​ ​games,​ ​along​ ​similar lines,​ ​I​ ​want​ ​to​ ​ensure​ ​that​ ​the​ ​medium​ ​of​ ​malware​ ​“will​ ​have​ ​a​ ​history.”

Library executives discussed how the pandemic changed library usage and the future of digital library resources. This virtual event was part of the 2023 U.S. Book Show. Sponsor: New York University,Penguin Random House

Since it was coined by Tim O'Reilly in formulating the first Web 2.0 Conference in 2004, the term "Web 2.0" has definitely caught on as a designation of a second generation of Web design and experience that emphasizes a high degree of interaction with, and among, users. Rather than simply consulting and reading Web pages, the Web 2.0 generation is contributing material and participating in new online communities. As the nature of community is affected by these new technologies, archives, libraries, and museums will need to strategize how they address and harness these new patterns for their own future. The 2008 WebWise Conference, co-hosted by the Institute of Museum and Library Services and The Wolfsonian-Florida International University, addressed these issues with its theme, "WebWise 2.0: The Power of Community." Over the course of two and a half days (March 5-7, 2008), several hundred members of the archives, library, and museum community met in Miami Beach, and online via a conference blog, to consider the implications of these new ways of organizing knowledge and social interaction for their own institutions. This summary report provides another view of the conference: an abbreviated overview of participants' observations and discussions about the new kind of social contract that is being woven between cultural institutions and their communities, catalyzed by the new creativity and communications tools easily available on the Internet. Full text of keynote addresses by the following are provided: Jonathan Fanton; Jose-Marie Griffiths; and Jeffrey Schnapp. Conference speaker biographies, project demonstration information, and a Web 2.0 terminology glossary are also included. (Contains 14 figures and 45 footnotes.)

In the fall and winter of 2020, New America embarked on a snapshot study to gather data on how--or if--people were discovering, accessing, and using their public libraries during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a focus on materials that libraries made available online. Our findings, which include data from a national survey of 2,620 people, highlight the need for more inclusivity, more focus on providing internet access, and more awareness-raising initiatives with local organizations and schools. The stories in this report--of libraries developing mobile Wi-Fi options, creating digital navigator programs to support digital literacy, launching more online programs, and making use of outdoor spaces--show the possibilities of transformation and partnership. The report concludes with eight recommendations for investment in library transformations, expansion of policies such as E-Rate and the Emergency Broadband Benefit to provide better internet access at home, and more collaboration with local schools and organizations. With these changes, libraries can leverage the lessons of the pandemic to help launch more equitable ecosystems of learning across communities, providing access to knowledge, resources, and training, online and off.

Papers in this Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries (Roanoke, Virginia, June 24-28, 2001) discuss: automatic genre analysis; text categorization; automated name authority control; automatic event generation; linked active content; designing e-books for legal research; metadata harvesting; mapping the interoperability landscape for networked information retrieval; distributed resource discovery; enforcing interoperability with the open archives initiative (OAI) repository explorer; an OAI service provider for cross-archive searching; managing change on the Web; reputation of Web sites; personalized spiders; global digital library development; Web-based scholarship; multi-view intelligent editor for digital video libraries; digital libraries environments for scientific thinking; open virtual learning environment; automatic identification and organization of index terms; digital library collaborations; public use of digital community information systems; collaborative design with use case scenarios; automatic keyphrasing; legal deposit of digital publications; technology and values; digital strategy for the Library of Congress; multiple digital libraries; technical support workers; digital library recommendation services; digital libraries and data scholarship; metasearching; President's Information Technology Advisory Committee's February 2001 digital library report; searchable collections of enterprise speech data; transcript-free search of audio archives; audio watermarking techniques; music-notation searching and digital libraries; automatic classification of musical instrument sounds; adding content-based searching to a traditional music library catalog server; locating question difficulty through explorations in question space; browsing by phrases; improving video indexing in a digital library; access to a digital video library; digital library design; bucket architecture for the open video project; personalized search and summarization over multimedia healthcare information; automation and human mediation in libraries; preservation of digital information; trading networks of digital archives; cost-driven design for archival repositories; notification service for digital libraries; automated rating of reviewers; digital libraries supporting digital government; digital libraries for young children; preserving, restoring and analyzing damaged manuscripts; digital music libraries; content management for digital museum exhibitions; hierarchical document clustering of digital library retrieval results; interactive visualization of video metadata; categorizing hidden-Web resources; digital facsimile editions and online editing; and image semantics for picture libraries. (AEF)

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This paper discusses the indexing, collection, and maintenance processes, as well as the retrieval interface, to public digital libraries. The paper begins by briefly surveying both Internet technical report collections and World Wide Web search engines. It goes on to describe a prototype digital library, the New Zealand Digital Library for Computer Science Research. The indexing and retrieval mechanism is described, including the full-text index. The types of search provided, the indexes that are needed to support them, and the query interface through which they are made accessible are summarized. The process of building the collection, and the crucial issue of what information is stored centrally and what can remain distributed, are then discussed. The final section summarizes how the information is gathered, considers the factors that limit the size of the library, and reviews future directions for networked digital libraries. Two tables contain information on technical report indexes on the Internet and the current size of the New Zealand Digital Library for Computer Science Research. Four figures illustrate the interface and query page to the digital library, conversion from PostScript (most text missing), the prologue used to extract text from PostScript documents, and the architecture of the digital library. Contains 12 references. (DLS)