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NAS 1.60:1441 Digitized from IA1177308-02-0094 .

xi, xiii, 305, 86 pages, 4 unnumbered pages, 23 pages : (8vo)

xi, xiii, 305, 86, [4], 23 p. 20 cm

xi, xiii, 305, 86, [4], 23 p. 20 cm

xi, xiii, 305, 86, [4], 23 p. 20 cm

Treating COVID-19 one year in: what have we learned?; Me, myself and I: Little words might signal a breakup is coming, long before you know it; What's feeding the algae growing on - and helping to melt - Greenland's ice?; Faster, higher, stronger - bats reach Olympian heights and record speeds; Amateur astronomers use the 'mark one eyeball' to find brown dwarf stars; If fish don't experience gravity, can astronauts learn from them to stay in shape?

Book Review: Tomasz Kamusella, Words in Space and Time: A Historical Atlas of Language Politics in Modern Central Europe . Budapest: Central European University Press, 2022, 289 pp. ISBN: 978-963-386-417-3 The paper is a presentation of Tomasz Kamusella’s latest book on language policy in Central Europe. The volume in question provides the reader with substantial information on the mechanisms of the creation and use of Central European languages for political action. Tomasz Kamusella, Words in Space and Time: A Historical Atlas of Language Politics in Modern Central Europe . Budapest: Central European University Press, 2022. Artykuł jest prezentacją najnowszej książki Tomasza Kamuselli na temat polityki językowej w Europie Środkowej. Na kartach atlasu odnajdujemy informacje dotyczące mechanizmów tworzenia i wykorzystywania języków Europy Środkowej do działań politycznych.

The great soul of the world , most pristine natural language , development of human society and space exploration Quest --------  FangRuida    new natural structure of high polymer composite fine to mention natural complex structure Philosophy

We present the TyTra-IR, a new intermediate language intended as a compilation target for high-level language compilers and a front-end for HDL code generators. We develop the requirements of this new language based on the design-space of FPGAs that it should be able to express and the estimation-space in which each configuration from the design-space should be mappable in an automated design flow. We use a simple kernel to illustrate multiple configurations using the semantics of TyTra-IR. The key novelty of this work is the cost model for resource-costs and throughput for different configurations of interest for a particular kernel. Through the realistic example of a Successive Over-Relaxation kernel implemented both in TyTra-IR and HDL, we demonstrate both the expressiveness of the IR and the accuracy of our cost model.

We present the TyTra-IR, a new intermediate language intended as a compilation target for high-level language compilers and a front-end for HDL code generators. We develop the requirements of this new language based on the design-space of FPGAs that it should be able to express and the estimation-space in which each configuration from the design-space should be mappable in an automated design flow. We use a simple kernel to illustrate multiple configurations using the semantics of TyTra-IR. The key novelty of this work is the cost model for resource-costs and throughput for different configurations of interest for a particular kernel. Through the realistic example of a Successive Over-Relaxation kernel implemented both in TyTra-IR and HDL, we demonstrate both the expressiveness of the IR and the accuracy of our cost model.

The BASIC algorithmic language is described, and a guide is presented for the programmer using the language interpreter. The high-level algorithm BASIC is a problem-oriented programming language intended for solution of computational and engineering problems.

The objective is to develop a system that will allow a person not necessarily skilled in the art of programming robots to quickly and naturally create the necessary data and commands to enable a robot to perform a desired task. The system will use a menu driven graphical user interface. This interface will allow the user to input data to select objects to be moved. There will be an imbedded expert system to process the knowledge about objects and the robot to determine how they are to be moved. There will be automatic path planning to avoid obstacles in the work space and to create a near optimum path. The system will contain the software to generate the required robot instructions.

The objective is to develop a system that will allow a person not necessarily skilled in the art of programming robots to quickly and naturally create the necessary data and commands to enable a robot to perform a desired task. The system will use a menu driven graphical user interface. This interface will allow the user to input data to select objects to be moved. There will be an imbedded expert system to process the knowledge about objects and the robot to determine how they are to be moved. There will be automatic path planning to avoid obstacles in the work space and to create a near optimum path. The system will contain the software to generate the required robot instructions.

A programming language is presented for the flight software of the NASA Space Shuttle program. It is intended to satisfy virtually all of the flight software requirements of the space shuttle. To achieve this, it incorporates a wide range of features, including applications-oriented data types and organizations, real time control mechanisms, and constructs for systems programming tasks. It is a higher order language designed to allow programmers, analysts, and engineers to communicate with the computer in a form approximating natural mathematical expression. Parts of the English language are combined with standard notation to provide a tool that readily encourages programming without demanding computer hardware expertise. Block diagrams and flow charts are included. The semantics of the language is discussed.

A programming language is presented for the flight software of the NASA Space Shuttle program. It is intended to satisfy virtually all of the flight software requirements of the space shuttle. To achieve this, it incorporates a wide range of features, including applications-oriented data types and organizations, real time control mechanisms, and constructs for systems programming tasks. It is a higher order language designed to allow programmers, analysts, and engineers to communicate with the computer in a form approximating natural mathematical expression. Parts of the English language are combined with standard notation to provide a tool that readily encourages programming without demanding computer hardware expertise. Block diagrams and flow charts are included. The semantics of the language is discussed.

A programming language is presented for the flight software of the NASA Space Shuttle program. It is intended to satisfy virtually all of the flight software requirements of the space shuttle. To achieve this, it incorporates a wide range of features, including applications-oriented data types and organizations, real time control mechanisms, and constructs for systems programming tasks. It is a higher order language designed to allow programmers, analysts, and engineers to communicate with the computer in a form approximating natural mathematical expression. Parts of the English language are combined with standard notation to provide a tool that readily encourages programming without demanding computer hardware expertise. Block diagrams and flow charts are included. The semantics of the language is discussed.

artykuł w: Studia Białorutenistyczne T. 17 (2023), s. 139-158 ; tytuł równoległy w języku polskim: Rosyjskojęzyczni pisarze w transnarodowej literackiej przestrzeni Białorusi w latach 20. i na początku lat 30. XX wieku: paradoksy i nieuchronność niepowodzenia kolektywnego projektu ; tytuł równoległy w języku białoruskim: Ruskamounyja piśmienniki u transnacyjanalnaj litaraturnaj prastory Biełarusi 1920-ch –paczatku 1930-ch: paradoksy i niepazbieżnasć niapospiechu kalektyunaha prajekta ; streszczenia w języku angielskim, polskim, białoruskim

artykuł w: Studia Białorutenistyczne T. 17 (2023), s. 139-158 ; tytuł równoległy w języku polskim: Rosyjskojęzyczni pisarze w transnarodowej literackiej przestrzeni Białorusi w latach 20. i na początku lat 30. XX wieku: paradoksy i nieuchronność niepowodzenia kolektywnego projektu ; tytuł równoległy w języku białoruskim: Ruskamounyja piśmienniki u transnacyjanalnaj litaraturnaj prastory Biełarusi 1920-ch –paczatku 1930-ch: paradoksy i niepazbieżnasć niapospiechu kalektyunaha prajekta ; streszczenia w języku angielskim, polskim, białoruskim

We introduce a definition of symmetry generating vector fields on manifolds which are equipped with a first-order reductive Cartan geometry. We apply this definition to a number of physically motivated examples and show that our newly introduced notion of symmetry agrees with the usual notions of symmetry of affine, Riemann-Cartan, Riemannian and Weizenb\"ock geometries, which are conventionally used as spacetime models. Further, we discuss the case of Cartan geometries which can be used to model observer space instead of spacetime. We show which vector fields on an observer space can be interpreted as symmetry generators of an underlying spacetime manifold, and may hence be called "spatio-temporal". We finally apply this construction to Finsler spacetimes and show that symmetry generating vector fields on a Finsler spacetime are indeed in a one-to-one correspondence with spatio-temporal vector fields on its observer space.

We introduce a definition of symmetry generating vector fields on manifolds which are equipped with a first-order reductive Cartan geometry. We apply this definition to a number of physically motivated examples and show that our newly introduced notion of symmetry agrees with the usual notions of symmetry of affine, Riemann-Cartan, Riemannian and Weizenb\"ock geometries, which are conventionally used as spacetime models. Further, we discuss the case of Cartan geometries which can be used to model observer space instead of spacetime. We show which vector fields on an observer space can be interpreted as symmetry generators of an underlying spacetime manifold, and may hence be called "spatio-temporal". We finally apply this construction to Finsler spacetimes and show that symmetry generating vector fields on a Finsler spacetime are indeed in a one-to-one correspondence with spatio-temporal vector fields on its observer space.

Model based systems engineering (MBSE) is explored as an alternative to the Department of Defense (DoD)s heavily document-driven processes for architecture development and acquisition management. MBSE can be employed to meet the standards set in the DoD acquisition framework. Data exchange specifications, such as the application protocol 233 (AP233), can be implemented to enable synergistic benefits to data analysis across the enterprise. Architecture development techniques, including the structured analysis and design technique and the systems modeling language (SysML), are introduced to aid in the development and assessment of space system mission area architectures, enabling rigorous mathematical analysis to support key programmatic decisions. A detailed example of the application of SysML, in conjunction with MBSE principles, is provided for the Overhead Persistent Infrared mission area, specifically the Space Based Infrared Surveillance System. A three-phase adoption approach is recommended: first identify, list, and manage the configuration of all critical program models, processes, and tools used throughout the DoD. Second, mandate a data exchange specification, such as the International Organization for Standardization (10303 AP233 standard, across the DoD space acquisition community. Finally, further standardize the implementation of MBSE practices through implementation of SysML. Heuristics for developing system architecture are provided.

One of the basic principles of the Language Development Approach is that students must learn the language necessary to understand, talk, and write about all subject areas in order to succeed in school. This book contains information about teaching primary school science in the Northwest Territories with lessons that emphasize language. The goals of the unit are to (1) develop students language proficiency; (2) provide opportunities for students to use language in many different situations and for many different purposes; (3) develop student listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking skills including the science process skills; and (4) expand student knowledge of the science concepts related to the sun, moon, and shadows. Following a section on resources (picture and a sample activity, and related English materials--magazines, lists of children's books about bears, teacher's resources, films, etc.), lesson plans for grades one, two, and three on four topics (what is light, what makes a shadow, how do shadows change, and sun, moon, and earth) are presented. Activity ideas for science/social studies, mathematics, language arts, music/poems/stories, art, physical education/movement, and special activities are suggested. Each lesson plan contains the following segments--exercises or activities: science concepts, English vocabulary, English sentence patterns, English language concepts, special materials required, concept development/language exposure, language practice, and application. Poems, songs, and stories on this subject conclude the guide. The lessons are appropriate for students whose first language is English as well as for students who are learning English as a second language. (PR/CW)

In this work, we conduct a joint analysis of both Vector Space and Language Models for IR using the mathematical framework of Quantum Theory. We shed light on how both models allocate the space of density matrices. A density matrix is shown to be a general representational tool capable of leveraging capabilities of both VSM and LM representations thus paving the way for a new generation of retrieval models. We analyze the possible implications suggested by our findings.

This viewgraph presentation reviews the importance of social science disciplines in the scientific exploration of Mars. The importance of language, workspace, and time differences are reviewed. It would appear that the social scientist perspective in developing a completely new workspace, keeping track of new vocabulary and the different time zones (i.e., terrestrial and Martian) was useful.

"Synthetic Spirituality, Aliens, E.T., "New Age" & Channeling Perspective" Playlist, https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLz4LCK5LLt_dqi3VYnExFKKJ62_Oe7PV1&si=jIu9IVlpUTSiz60S

UC Berkeley professor and Democratic party adviser George Lakoff tells you about the use and misuse of the word "freedom" in U.S. politics. Lakoff's latest book is "Whose Freedom? The Battle Over America's Most Important Idea." The space shuttle Discovery is carrying unlikely passengers on its current mission: fruit flies. The little guys are part of an experiment local geneticist Deborah Kimbrell is working on. She'll tell you what she hopes to learn from the space-borne Drosophila fruit flies, and what it took to get the experiment launched. Deborah Kimbrell is an associate research geneticist in the Section of Molecular and Cellular Biology at UC Davis. The most distant cluster of galaxies from Earth were recently discovered by astronomers in the U.S., Europe, and Chile. The lead author of the finding tells you how the discovery of cluster XMM-XCS 2215-1734 - almost 10 billion light-years from Earth - could challenge our understanding of how galaxies are formed. Adam Stanford is a research scientist at UC Davis and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Says Stanford, "It's like finding a picture of your grandfather as an adult in the nineteenth century -- how could he have existed so long ago?"

For language learners of this generation, the smart phone represents a key cultural artefact that complements the learning process. Instant messaging applications such as WhatsApp are widely used in personal, professional and, increasingly, academic circles to maintain constant contact among friends, colleagues, or classmates. This study seeks to analyze how a group of 19 International Relations students and their teacher utilized a WhatsApp chat group throughout their semester-long English class. The group was conceived of as being an extension to a Community of Practice. On a basic level, the chat group was to be used as a shared space in which learners could practice their use of new phrases or vocabulary learned within the class in relation to real life issues connected to themes associated with International Relations. The space could also be interpreted as a virtual ZPD (Zone of Proximal Development) in which learners were scaffolded by their teacher as well as their classmates. Finally, the group provided a space in which learners could engage dialogically and more openly in a truly collective, reciprocal, supportive, cumulative, and purposeful manner. This qualitative study analyzed both interactions within the group and student reflections on its effectiveness, which served to indicate that such a group space can lead to effective learner scaffolding, increased learner participation, and the formation of an advantageous community of learners.

For language learners of this generation, the smart phone represents a key cultural artefact that complements the learning process. Instant messaging applications such as WhatsApp are widely used in personal, professional and, increasingly, academic circles to maintain constant contact among friends, colleagues, or classmates. This study seeks to analyze how a group of 19 International Relations students and their teacher utilized a WhatsApp chat group throughout their semester-long English class. The group was conceived of as being an extension to a Community of Practice. On a basic level, the chat group was to be used as a shared space in which learners could practice their use of new phrases or vocabulary learned within the class in relation to real life issues connected to themes associated with International Relations. The space could also be interpreted as a virtual ZPD (Zone of Proximal Development) in which learners were scaffolded by their teacher as well as their classmates. Finally, the group provided a space in which learners could engage dialogically and more openly in a truly collective, reciprocal, supportive, cumulative, and purposeful manner. This qualitative study analyzed both interactions within the group and student reflections on its effectiveness, which served to indicate that such a group space can lead to effective learner scaffolding, increased learner participation, and the formation of an advantageous community of learners.

xxviii, 4 unnumbered pages, 576 pages ; 21 cm

Notwithstanding their potential for novel approaches to language teaching and learning, Virtual Worlds (VWs) present numerous technological and pedagogical challenges that require new paradigms if the language learning experience and outcomes are to be successful. In this presentation, we argue that the notions of presence and affordance, together with the time/space dimensions of interactions in virtual worlds (e.g. Bakhtin's (1981) chronotope, Foucault's (1984) heteropia, and Lemke's (2000) heterochrony), provide new insights into language learners' trajectories as they attempt to carry out tasks that are designed to make use of virtual worlds' characteristics and potentialities. We explore and analyse a critical incident that occurred during the realisation of a language learning task by university learners of Italian in Second Life©. Recordings of the session, teacher observations, learner reflections and interviews have provided large amounts of data highlighting a number of critical incidents that emerged during their execution. Analysing these critical incidents through the lenses of presence, affordance, and time/space inseparability allows us to highlight the non-linearity of temporal and spatial aspects of interactions in virtual worlds, and to reveal the emergence of affordances and learning chronotopes linked to such interactions. In turn, the analysis of these emerging learning chronotopes helps us refine the design and implementation of language learning tasks in virtual worlds. [For full proceedings, see ED565044.]

Aimed at fostering student engagement using remote communication tools to restructure language teaching, the "Newcastle Calls" project was piloted in early 2020, providing Newcastle University's Italian language students at intermediate level with a chance to be involved in the production of authentic material. Thanks to technology, they crossed space barriers, interviewed Italian researchers in the Antarctic and an Italian theatre actor virtually, discussing the researchers' life, climate change, acting, and the effects of Italy's COVID-19 lockdown. One of these interviews was made into a pilot documentary with Italian and English subtitles with the collaboration of Master of Arts (MA) translation and film students. This chapter explores how students benefitted from the experience, evaluates the project's potential to facilitate students' transition to professional life after university, and the facilitators' experience using remote communication tools before and during COVID-19, reflecting on the advantages and challenges of implementing the use of up-to-date technology in language learning. [For the complete volume, "Innovative Language Teaching and Learning at University: Facilitating Transition from and to Higher Education," see ED619814.]

Aimed at fostering student engagement using remote communication tools to restructure language teaching, the "Newcastle Calls" project was piloted in early 2020, providing Newcastle University's Italian language students at intermediate level with a chance to be involved in the production of authentic material. Thanks to technology, they crossed space barriers, interviewed Italian researchers in the Antarctic and an Italian theatre actor virtually, discussing the researchers' life, climate change, acting, and the effects of Italy's COVID-19 lockdown. One of these interviews was made into a pilot documentary with Italian and English subtitles with the collaboration of Master of Arts (MA) translation and film students. This chapter explores how students benefitted from the experience, evaluates the project's potential to facilitate students' transition to professional life after university, and the facilitators' experience using remote communication tools before and during COVID-19, reflecting on the advantages and challenges of implementing the use of up-to-date technology in language learning. [For the complete volume, "Innovative Language Teaching and Learning at University: Facilitating Transition from and to Higher Education," see ED619814.]

Model based systems engineering (MBSE) is explored as an alternative to the Department of Defense (DoD) s heavily document-driven processes for architecture development and acquisition management. MBSE can be employed to meet the standards set in the DoD acquisition framework. Data exchange specifications, such as the application protocol 233 (AP233), can be implemented to enable synergistic benefits to data analysis across the enterprise. Architecture development techniques, including the structured analysis and design technique and the systems modeling language (SysML), are introduced to aid in the development and assessment of space system mission area architectures, enabling rigorous mathematical analysis to support key programmatic decisions. A detailed example of the application of SysML, in conjunction with MBSE principles, is provided for the Overhead Persistent Infrared mission area, specifically the Space Based Infrared Surveillance System. A three-phase adoption approach is recommended: first identify, list, and manage the configuration of all critical program models, processes, and tools used throughout the DoD. Second, mandate a data exchange specification, such as the International Organization for Standardization (10303 AP233 standard, across the DoD space acquisition community. Finally, further standardize the implementation of MBSE practices through implementation of SysML. Heuristics for developing system architecture are provided.

Model based systems engineering (MBSE) is explored as an alternative to the Department of Defense (DoD) s heavily document-driven processes for architecture development and acquisition management. MBSE can be employed to meet the standards set in the DoD acquisition framework. Data exchange specifications, such as the application protocol 233 (AP233), can be implemented to enable synergistic benefits to data analysis across the enterprise. Architecture development techniques, including the structured analysis and design technique and the systems modeling language (SysML), are introduced to aid in the development and assessment of space system mission area architectures, enabling rigorous mathematical analysis to support key programmatic decisions. A detailed example of the application of SysML, in conjunction with MBSE principles, is provided for the Overhead Persistent Infrared mission area, specifically the Space Based Infrared Surveillance System. A three-phase adoption approach is recommended: first identify, list, and manage the configuration of all critical program models, processes, and tools used throughout the DoD. Second, mandate a data exchange specification, such as the International Organization for Standardization (10303 AP233 standard, across the DoD space acquisition community. Finally, further standardize the implementation of MBSE practices through implementation of SysML. Heuristics for developing system architecture are provided.

Book digitized by Google from the library of the University of Michigan and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb.

This paper examines the potential of the term "settler ally" to create productive discomfort alongside productive comfort, thereby creating space for positive social change. The setting in which the term is examined is Canada--Alberta in particular--following the release of the recommendations of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission in 2015. The discussion is informed by Megan Boler's 'pedagogy of discomfort" and the work of scholars who've considered the potential and limitations of this theoretical framework. The paper argues that discomfort alone may be insufficient when the aim is to create positive social change and that comfort, offered through careful and care-filled language, may support the intended outcomes.

Engaging in Critical Language and Cultural Studies Approaches for an Examination of Racism and Migration in the British Public Space Rasha Ali Dheyab, Ph.D. Student, Department of English, Faculty of Letters, Ovidius University of Constanța, Constanța, Romania This article focuses on the relevance of Critical Discourse Analysis and of cultural studies approaches to an examination of racism and migration in the British public space. Critical Discourse Analysis as an active engagement with discourse in the social space is one of these critical approaches. The article is based on Halliday’s systematic functional grammar in terms of transitivity and modality. The main goal of this study is to investigate transitivity and modality about migration as it appears in a number of British tabloids. The focus is on aspects of racism in western countries, where there is a majority of white people and on issues related to patterns of access to the public and issues of inequality, racism and discrimination in the public space. Racism's reproduction and promotion by certain segments of the media is not a simple or straightforward process. It is important to see how the media plays a role in the reproduction of racism. Keywords: Cultural Studies, Critical Language, Media, Migration, Racism   The Sixth International Conference on Languages, Linguistics, Translation and Literature 9-10 October 2021 , Ahwaz For more information, please visit the conference website: WWW.LLLD.IR

This collection of essays by a team of international scholars offers a wide-ranging examination of the key concepts of 'space and time' in the work of the Greek biographer and philosopher Plutarch of Chaeronea (1st-2nd centuries CE). Combining philological and socio-cultural approaches, the essays demonstrate how space and time can shed new light on Plutarch's biographical, philosophical, religious and political thought.

This research investigated people's ability to recognize configurations in space from different points of view under both uni- and multi-tasking conditions. Past research suggested that people might perform this kind of problem solving using either mental rotation or covert verbal descriptions. We hypothesized that use of these two strategies night depend on the verbal discriminability of the spatial scene. We also hypothesized that the strategy chosen might depend on the performance of a concurrent task. Specifically, in attempting to reduce processing interference, we predicted that people would be more likely to use mental rotation when the concurrent task they were involved in was verbal rather than spatial; conversely, they would be more likely to use verbal descriptions when the concurrent task was spatial rather than verbal. These hypotheses were supported in a series of experiments in which we measured people's time to decide whether spatial configurations displayed from different perspectives were the same or different, while they perspectives various types of concurrent tasks.

One of the basic principles of the Language Development Approach is that students must learn the language necessary to understand, talk, and write about all subject areas in order to succeed in school. This book contains information about teaching primary school science in the Northwest Territories with lessons that emphasize language. The goals of the unit are to (1) develop student language proficiency; (2) provide opportunities for students to use language in many different situations and for many different purposes; (3) develop student listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking skills including the science process skills; and (4) expand student knowledge of the science concepts related to air and air pressure. Following a section on resources (background information, resources included with this unit--illustrations, related English materials--magazines, lists of children's books about kites, balloons, airplanes, etc., teacher's resources, films, ets., and related aboriginal language materials), lesson plans for grades one, two, and three on four topics (properties of air/balloons, air exerts pressure, how air presssure helps/hinders, and effects of air on temperature) are presented. Activity ideas for science/social studies, mathematics, language arts, music/poems/stories, art, physical education/movement, and special activities are suggested. Each lesson plan contains the follwing segments--exercises or activities: science concepts, English vocabulary, English sentence patterns, English language concepts, special materials required, concept development/language exposure, language practice, and application. Poems, songs, and stories on this subject conclude the guide. The lessons are appropriate for students whose first language is English as well as for students who are learning English as a second language. (PR/CW)

One of the basic principles of the Language Development Approach is that students must learn the language necessary to understand, talk, and write about all subject areas in order to succeed in school. This book contains information about teaching primary school science in the Northwest Territories with lessons that emphasize language. The goals of the unit are to (1) develop student language proficiency; (2) provide opportunities for students to use language in many different situations and for many different purposes; (3) develop student listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking skills including the science process skills; and (4) expand student knowledge of the science concepts related to air and air pressure. Following a section on resources (background information, resources included with this unit--illustrations, related English materials--magazines, lists of children's books about kites, balloons, airplanes, etc., teacher's resources, films, ets., and related aboriginal language materials), lesson plans for grades one, two, and three on four topics (properties of air/balloons, air exerts pressure, how air presssure helps/hinders, and effects of air on temperature) are presented. Activity ideas for science/social studies, mathematics, language arts, music/poems/stories, art, physical education/movement, and special activities are suggested. Each lesson plan contains the follwing segments--exercises or activities: science concepts, English vocabulary, English sentence patterns, English language concepts, special materials required, concept development/language exposure, language practice, and application. Poems, songs, and stories on this subject conclude the guide. The lessons are appropriate for students whose first language is English as well as for students who are learning English as a second language. (PR/CW)

One of the basic principles of the Language Development Approach is that students must learn the language necessary to understand, talk, and write about all subject areas in order to succeed in school. This book contains information about teaching primary school science in the Northwest Territories with lessons that emphasize language. The goals of the unit are to (1) develop student language proficiency; (2) provide opportunities for students to use language in many different situations and for many different purposes; (3) develop student listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking skills including the science process skills; and (4) expand student knowledge of the science concepts related to air and air pressure. Following a section on resources (background information, resources included with this unit--illustrations, related English materials--magazines, lists of children's books about kites, balloons, airplanes, etc., teacher's resources, films, ets., and related aboriginal language materials), lesson plans for grades one, two, and three on four topics (properties of air/balloons, air exerts pressure, how air presssure helps/hinders, and effects of air on temperature) are presented. Activity ideas for science/social studies, mathematics, language arts, music/poems/stories, art, physical education/movement, and special activities are suggested. Each lesson plan contains the follwing segments--exercises or activities: science concepts, English vocabulary, English sentence patterns, English language concepts, special materials required, concept development/language exposure, language practice, and application. Poems, songs, and stories on this subject conclude the guide. The lessons are appropriate for students whose first language is English as well as for students who are learning English as a second language. (PR/CW)

One of the basic principles of the Language Development Approach is that students must learn the language necessary to understand, talk, and write about all subject areas in order to succeed in school. This book contains information about teaching primary school science in the Northwest Territories with lessons that emphasize language. The goals of the unit are to (1) develop student language proficiency; (2) provide opportunities for students to use language in many different situations and for many different purposes; (3) develop student listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking skills including the science process skills; and (4) expand student knowledge of the science concepts related to air and air pressure. Following a section on resources (background information, resources included with this unit--illustrations, related English materials--magazines, lists of children's books about kites, balloons, airplanes, etc., teacher's resources, films, ets., and related aboriginal language materials), lesson plans for grades one, two, and three on four topics (properties of air/balloons, air exerts pressure, how air presssure helps/hinders, and effects of air on temperature) are presented. Activity ideas for science/social studies, mathematics, language arts, music/poems/stories, art, physical education/movement, and special activities are suggested. Each lesson plan contains the follwing segments--exercises or activities: science concepts, English vocabulary, English sentence patterns, English language concepts, special materials required, concept development/language exposure, language practice, and application. Poems, songs, and stories on this subject conclude the guide. The lessons are appropriate for students whose first language is English as well as for students who are learning English as a second language. (PR/CW)

One of the basic principles of the Language Development Approach is that students must learn the language necessary to understand, talk, and write about all subject areas in order to succeed in school. This book contains information about teaching primary school science in the Northwest Territories with lessons that emphasize language. The goals of the unit are to (1) develop student language proficiency; (2) provide opportunities for students to use language in many different situations and for many different purposes; (3) develop student listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking skills including the science process skills; and (4) expand student knowledge of the science concepts related to air and air pressure. Following a section on resources (background information, resources included with this unit--illustrations, related English materials--magazines, lists of children's books about kites, balloons, airplanes, etc., teacher's resources, films, ets., and related aboriginal language materials), lesson plans for grades one, two, and three on four topics (properties of air/balloons, air exerts pressure, how air presssure helps/hinders, and effects of air on temperature) are presented. Activity ideas for science/social studies, mathematics, language arts, music/poems/stories, art, physical education/movement, and special activities are suggested. Each lesson plan contains the follwing segments--exercises or activities: science concepts, English vocabulary, English sentence patterns, English language concepts, special materials required, concept development/language exposure, language practice, and application. Poems, songs, and stories on this subject conclude the guide. The lessons are appropriate for students whose first language is English as well as for students who are learning English as a second language. (PR/CW)

One of the basic principles of the Language Development Approach is that students must learn the language necessary to understand, talk, and write about all subject areas in order to succeed in school. This book contains information about teaching primary school science in the Northwest Territories with lessons that emphasize language. The goals of the unit are to (1) develop student language proficiency; (2) provide opportunities for students to use language in many different situations and for many different purposes; (3) develop student listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking skills including the science process skills; and (4) expand student knowledge of the science concepts related to air and air pressure. Following a section on resources (background information, resources included with this unit--illustrations, related English materials--magazines, lists of children's books about kites, balloons, airplanes, etc., teacher's resources, films, ets., and related aboriginal language materials), lesson plans for grades one, two, and three on four topics (properties of air/balloons, air exerts pressure, how air presssure helps/hinders, and effects of air on temperature) are presented. Activity ideas for science/social studies, mathematics, language arts, music/poems/stories, art, physical education/movement, and special activities are suggested. Each lesson plan contains the follwing segments--exercises or activities: science concepts, English vocabulary, English sentence patterns, English language concepts, special materials required, concept development/language exposure, language practice, and application. Poems, songs, and stories on this subject conclude the guide. The lessons are appropriate for students whose first language is English as well as for students who are learning English as a second language. (PR/CW)

One of the basic principles of the Language Development Approach is that students must learn the language necessary to understand, talk, and write about all subject areas in order to succeed in school. This book contains information about teaching primary school science in the Northwest Territories with lessons that emphasize language. The goals of the unit are to (1) develop student language proficiency; (2) provide opportunities for students to use language in many different situations and for many different purposes; (3) develop student listening, speaking, reading, writing, and thinking skills including the science process skills; and (4) expand student knowledge of the science concepts related to air and air pressure. Following a section on resources (background information, resources included with this unit--illustrations, related English materials--magazines, lists of children's books about kites, balloons, airplanes, etc., teacher's resources, films, ets., and related aboriginal language materials), lesson plans for grades one, two, and three on four topics (properties of air/balloons, air exerts pressure, how air presssure helps/hinders, and effects of air on temperature) are presented. Activity ideas for science/social studies, mathematics, language arts, music/poems/stories, art, physical education/movement, and special activities are suggested. Each lesson plan contains the follwing segments--exercises or activities: science concepts, English vocabulary, English sentence patterns, English language concepts, special materials required, concept development/language exposure, language practice, and application. Poems, songs, and stories on this subject conclude the guide. The lessons are appropriate for students whose first language is English as well as for students who are learning English as a second language. (PR/CW)

Assistant Professor Naoya Ozaki on Space Mission Design, Engineering, DESTINY+ and the Comet Interceptor, Working at Three Space Exploration Agencies, Language Acquisition, Being a New Parent, Asteroids, Flyby Missions and more! Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Homepage: https://www.isas.jaxa.jp/en/ Research Paper ( Asteroid Flyby Cycler Trajectory Design Using Deep Neural Networks ): https://arc.aiaa.org/doi/abs/10.2514/1.G006487?journalCode=jgcd (Paper Summary: https://www.isas.jaxa.jp/home/research-portal/en/gateway/2022/0721/ ) Tantantansa Music Video (Radwimps Parody): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nG9XASEAVRE Python Jupyter Notebook: https://jupyter.org/ JAXA Academy: https://edu.jaxa.jp/contents/english/academy/index.html

With forty-two extensively annotated maps, this atlas offers novel insights into the history and mechanics of how Central Europe’s languages have been made, unmade, and deployed for political action. The innovative combination of linguistics, history, and cartography makes a wealth of hard-to-reach knowledge readily available to both specialist and general readers. It combines information on languages, dialects, alphabets, religions, mass violence, or migrations over an extended period of time. The story first focuses on Central Europe’s dialect continua, the emergence of states, and the spread of writing technology from the tenth century onward. Most maps concentrate on the last two centuries. The main storyline opens with the emergence of the Western European concept of the nation, in accord with which the ethnolinguistic nation-states of Italy and Germany were founded. In the Central European view, a “proper” nation is none other than the speech community of a single language. The Atlas aspires to help users make the intellectual leap of perceiving languages as products of human history and part of culture. Like states, nations, universities, towns, associations, art, beauty, religions, injustice, or atheism—languages are artefacts invented and shaped by individuals and their groups.

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This paper is in the public domain in USA. Metadata comes from the CrossRef API, see full record in the source URL below.