Downloads & Free Reading Options - Results

Includes index

Includes index

The primary focus of the personal computer task area is the development of an electronic message system called Diamond, which will run in a distributed personal computer environment. The message system will: support a user interface that exploits the capabilities of advanced single-user computers, handle messages that contain data other than text, have a distributed architecture, operate in a secure fashion, permit use from a variety of user access points, and have a transportable implementation. Section 2 discusses work on the Diamond multimedia message system and related activities. Work in Jade, the Jericho Pascal operating system, is described in Section 3. Section 4 presents our activities related to the development of the Jade programming environment. Work on the Interlisp system for the Jericho computer is described in Section 5. Section 6 discusses our work of Aleph. Section 7 describes recent Hermes maintenance activity.

Source: Digital Library of India Scanning Centre: IISc, Bangalore Source Library: Carnegie Mellon University Date Accessioned: 7/9/2015 20:36 The Digital Library of India was a project under the auspices of the Government of India.

Source: Digital Library of India Scanning Centre: IISc, Bangalore Source Library: Carnegie Mellon University Date Accessioned: 7/9/2015 20:36 The Digital Library of India was a project under the auspices of the Government of India.

The computer-based information system (CBIS) is adopted by almost all of in health care setting, including the primary health center in East Java Province Indonesia. Some of softwares available were SIMPUS, SIMPUSTRONIK, SIKDA Generik, e-puskesmas. Unfortunately they were most of the primary health center did not successfully implemented. This study applied the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) to assess intention and usage of CBIS in East Java. It was a cross-sectional survey, conducted on February-Maret 2015. A total 30 of user CBIS were identified and questioners were distributed which 100% completed. The user's CBIS intention was significantly influenced by performance expectancy, effort expectancy and social influence. CBIS usage was significantly influenced by user's intention and facilitating conditions. UTAUT results indicated that the facilitating conditions have a major impact to use of CBIS in primary health center. The results of this study can be helpful to the East Java provincial Health Office to adjust their program strategies and tactic for providing user's CBIS facilities in order to implement CBIS successfully.

This report describes progress on work centered on the demonstration of a system of integrated on-line adaptive user models designed to automatically select and pace information in a simulated command, control, and communication (C3) system. The report includes: (1) a human-factors based rationale for improving information flow in C3 systems; (2) a description of modifications made to the Tactical and Negotiations Game (TNG) scenario to create a C3 decision simulation in which automatic selection and pacing of information can be realistically accomplished; (3) the conceptual specification of a real-time, computer-based model for automatically adapting message pacing rate to the information processing and decision making capabilities of an individual operator; (4) an overview of the software configuration being implemented to support the system. The next phase of work will focus on the system implementation of the newly developed configuration of information selection and pacing models.

This paper summarizes major experiences and practices of information development units of state-based career information systems which produce accurate, current, and localized occupational and educational information for career planning. It is intended as a guide for states considering setting up a similar system and for staff members in presently developing state-based systems of career information. Sections of the paper provide explanations and detail related to these areas: (1) characteristics of good information, (2) definition of an implementation strategy to follow and information topics to be covered, (3) staffing the information development unit, (4) use of a data collection strategy that relies on existing data sources, (5) implementation of a systematic information updating design, and (6) use of workplans to organize major tasks. Appendixes include a workplan and job descriptions of information development unit staff. (YLB)

With the numerous problems associated with paper based technical manuals (TMs) and the eventual, inevitable change to some type of electronic presentation, it is important to compare the efficiency and effectiveness of electronically delivered technical information to that of paper based TMs. In the first of a two-part evaluation, 28 Navy NATO SEASPARROW Surface Missile System (NSSMS) technicians used both the paper based TMs and an automated presentation system to support troubleshooting two NSSMS problems. In the second part, 34 individuals from the NSSMS community (primarily technicians and instructors) discussed how such a system would be implemented in the fleet, and the impact of innovative changes on the Navy's personnel subsystem. Keywords: Technical manuals, Technical information, Personal electronic aid for maintenance (PEAM), Automated technical manual, Computer based maintenance information delivery system, Electronically delivered technical information.

With the numerous problems associated with paper based technical manuals (TMs) and the eventual, inevitable change to some type of electronic presentation, it is important to compare the efficiency and effectiveness of electronically delivered technical information to that of paper based TMs. In the first of a two-part evaluation, 28 Navy NATO SEASPARROW Surface Missile System (NSSMS) technicians used both the paper based TMs and an automated presentation system to support troubleshooting two NSSMS problems. In the second part, 34 individuals from the NSSMS community (primarily technicians and instructors) discussed how such a system would be implemented in the fleet, and the impact of innovative changes on the Navy's personnel subsystem. Keywords: Technical manuals, Technical information, Personal electronic aid for maintenance (PEAM), Automated technical manual, Computer based maintenance information delivery system, Electronically delivered technical information.

With the numerous problems associated with paper based technical manuals (TMs) and the eventual, inevitable change to some type of electronic presentation, it is important to compare the efficiency and effectiveness of electronically delivered technical information to that of paper based TMs. In the first of a two-part evaluation, 28 Navy NATO SEASPARROW Surface Missile System (NSSMS) technicians used both the paper based TMs and an automated presentation system to support troubleshooting two NSSMS problems. In the second part, 34 individuals from the NSSMS community (primarily technicians and instructors) discussed how such a system would be implemented in the fleet, and the impact of innovative changes on the Navy's personnel subsystem. Keywords: Technical manuals, Technical information, Personal electronic aid for maintenance (PEAM), Automated technical manual, Computer based maintenance information delivery system, Electronically delivered technical information.

Results are reported of the first experiments for a computer conference management information system at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Between August 1975 and March 1976, two NASA projects with geographically separated participants (NASA scientists) used the PLANET computer conferencing system for portions of their work. The first project was a technology assessment of future transportation systems. The second project involved experiments with the Communication Technology Satellite. As part of this project, pre- and postlaunch operations were discussed in a computer conference. These conferences also provided the context for an analysis of the cost of computer conferencing. In particular, six cost components were identified: (1) terminal equipment, (2) communication with a network port, (3) network connection, (4) computer utilization, (5) data storage and (6) administrative overhead.

Results are reported of the first experiments for a computer conference management information system at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Between August 1975 and March 1976, two NASA projects with geographically separated participants (NASA scientists) used the PLANET computer conferencing system for portions of their work. The first project was a technology assessment of future transportation systems. The second project involved experiments with the Communication Technology Satellite. As part of this project, pre- and postlaunch operations were discussed in a computer conference. These conferences also provided the context for an analysis of the cost of computer conferencing. In particular, six cost components were identified: (1) terminal equipment, (2) communication with a network port, (3) network connection, (4) computer utilization, (5) data storage and (6) administrative overhead.

Includes bibliographies and index

Computer-based career information systems (CCIS) provide local labor market information. Guidance counselors frequently use CCIS in conjunction with clients, but youth and adults also access CCIS independently to obtain career information. The best known CCIS are the state-based career information delivery systems (CIDS). Although developed by a number of different vendors and customized for particular audiences, CIDS share these core features: assessment, occupational search, occupational information, and educational information. A significant characteristic of CCIS is their versatility. For example, in Notus, Idaho, fourth-grade students are introduced to the Idaho Career Information System by a guidance counselor who uses it as a building block for future career education activities. Oregon has adapted its career information system to deliver tech prep information through a specially developed software program. Employees at Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation in upstate New York use a computerized career information system for their personal career management. Some indications of future applications can be seen in current trends. Developers are moving toward multimedia versions of CCIS products using CD-ROM technology. One product on the market offers linkages to the Internet. Issues affiliated with the future of CCIS are the need for information management skills and access and equity. (Contains 10 references.) (YLB)

Conducting a survey of manpower training needs of business and industry in Connecticut and identifying elements of a vocational-career information delivery system were the two major focuses of the study described in this report. Content is presented in three chapters. Chapter 1 reviews and analyzes the manpower training needs survey and results. Some of the major findings/conclusions presented are (1) Connecticut's businesses are unable to tell Connecticut's educational agencies what they need in numerical terms from the various training programs administered by the State. Long range needs of private firms are too poorly perceived to be a basis of planning by educational agencies. (2) Although Connecticut's enterprises are critical about the quality of the vocational graduates reaching them, they are unaggressive and probably unled as to the direction to take in addressing the issue. (3) There is no common occupational language employed across the State. Chapter 2 discusses long range manpower forecasting techniques and other approaches and methods for predicting manpower needs. Chapter 3 brings together a number of considerations into a model which incorporates essential elements of a complete career guidance program. The appendixes contain raw data about occupational demand and supply. (SH)

Conducting a survey of manpower training needs of business and industry in Connecticut and identifying elements of a vocational-career information delivery system were the two major focuses of the study described in this report. Content is presented in three chapters. Chapter 1 reviews and analyzes the manpower training needs survey and results. Some of the major findings/conclusions presented are (1) Connecticut's businesses are unable to tell Connecticut's educational agencies what they need in numerical terms from the various training programs administered by the State. Long range needs of private firms are too poorly perceived to be a basis of planning by educational agencies. (2) Although Connecticut's enterprises are critical about the quality of the vocational graduates reaching them, they are unaggressive and probably unled as to the direction to take in addressing the issue. (3) There is no common occupational language employed across the State. Chapter 2 discusses long range manpower forecasting techniques and other approaches and methods for predicting manpower needs. Chapter 3 brings together a number of considerations into a model which incorporates essential elements of a complete career guidance program. The appendixes contain raw data about occupational demand and supply. (SH)

Conducting a survey of manpower training needs of business and industry in Connecticut and identifying elements of a vocational-career information delivery system were the two major focuses of the study described in this report. Content is presented in three chapters. Chapter 1 reviews and analyzes the manpower training needs survey and results. Some of the major findings/conclusions presented are (1) Connecticut's businesses are unable to tell Connecticut's educational agencies what they need in numerical terms from the various training programs administered by the State. Long range needs of private firms are too poorly perceived to be a basis of planning by educational agencies. (2) Although Connecticut's enterprises are critical about the quality of the vocational graduates reaching them, they are unaggressive and probably unled as to the direction to take in addressing the issue. (3) There is no common occupational language employed across the State. Chapter 2 discusses long range manpower forecasting techniques and other approaches and methods for predicting manpower needs. Chapter 3 brings together a number of considerations into a model which incorporates essential elements of a complete career guidance program. The appendixes contain raw data about occupational demand and supply. (SH)

The user-system interface (USI) to computer-based information systems can require a sizable investment in software design. In current practice there is still no coherent methodology for design of USI software, but efforts to establish design guidelines are continuing. This report revises and enlarges previous compilations of guidelines, and proposes a total of 580 guidelines for design of USI software in six functional areas: data entry, data display, sequence control, user guidance, data transmission, and data protection.

This report presents an evaluation instrument through which school districts and schools can identify and select computer-based school information management systems (SIMS) suited to their needs. These selection criteria were identified through a survey questionnaire and interviews at 18 representative schools in the Edmonton (Alberta) Public School District. As a result of analysis of these data, a three-level evaluation process has been devised, with progressively more detailed selection criteria. Level 1 defines the four basic functions of SIMS: school records, scheduling, student attendance, and grade processing. It also covers basic criteria such as cost, reliability of vendor, hardware capacity, and ease of use. The Level 2 selection criteria are more detailed, and are used to determine whether a system meets the needs of a particular school. Level 3 evaluation, aimed at the few systems that are finalists in the selection process, involves functional and performance testing of all system modules in a real life environment. Evaluation at Level 3 is a two-phase process: first, each system is evaluated against the most detailed criteria, and second, the outcomes of individual product evaluations are summarized and compiled for comparison and final selection. Accordingly, two separate instruments are included: the SIMS Selection Criteria Level 3 working form, and the Comparison Summary and Review Form. Appended are the questionnaire and interview forms used to gather the information from which these criteria were derived, and a detailed scoring comparison form. (TE)

This research was based upon the rationale that occupational information is an educational essential. The subjects were Occupational Work Experience (OWE) students who were randomly assigned to individual guidance from either a computerized occupational information systems, a counselor-based information system, or to a control group. The groups were post-tested on the Assessment of Career Development (ACD) to determine which group learned the most information. The results demonstrate a hierarchical learning effect--computer group learned more than the counseled group, which learned more than the control group. Only the treatment effects were significantly different between the groups since there was no interaction of IQ and treatment. (Author)

80 pages : 28 cm

This experiment assessed the impact of using two levels of retrieval terms on formulating and inputting query statements. One level used specific terms to retrieve one element of information; the other level used global terms to retrieve blocks of information that would otherwise require five to six specific terms. Participants were then given a set of 48 problems. For each problem, the participants had to write and type a query statement that would satisfy the information requirements. The opportunity to use global terms had not effect either on the time needed to write query statements or on the accuracy of typed query statements. Where the use of global terms was applicable, substantial savings in the time required to input query statements was shown. Except that the global-specific group reported that it made more use of the data name chart before using the data dictionary, the two groups indicated that they went about writing query statements in approximately the same way. Both groups gave high ratings to the value of using global terms. Use of global terms is not recommended unless the specific items of information subsumed under the global term are normally retrieved together frequently.

Y-ADL__Computer Based Information Systems in the U.S During the 1980's - Prepared for Agence De L'informatique

This five-part report synthesizes current theory and research on the adult as learner and generates implications for design and delivery of learning systems, particularly those involving computer-mediated technology and related software. "Adult Learning in Context" (Sean Courtney, Jiali Luo) examines the current situation of the adult learner, with special attention on increased computer use by the adult learning population. "Characteristics of Adults as Learners" (Courtney, Luo) focuses on these six major dimensions that constitute learning: knowledge construction and conceptual change; prior knowledge and experience; motivation, self, and community; metacognition; authentic tasks and environments; and collaboration and self direction. "How Technology Impacts the Learning Process" (Courtney, Luo) focuses on computer-mediated communications systems. "Summary and Conclusions" (Courtney, Luo) presents two sets of implications for technology-based learning system design: those based on characteristics of the learning process and those based on user experiences. "Web Access for Adult Learners with Special Needs" (Stanley Vasa, Virginia Muggy) shares knowledge of adult learners with special needs and characteristics associated with disability categories and related Web design considerations. (Appendixes include 175 references; papers on the learner-centered principle and user interface design for older adults; and descriptions of 10 web sites used in synthesis of recommended Web design guidelines.) (YLB)

This five-part report synthesizes current theory and research on the adult as learner and generates implications for design and delivery of learning systems, particularly those involving computer-mediated technology and related software. "Adult Learning in Context" (Sean Courtney, Jiali Luo) examines the current situation of the adult learner, with special attention on increased computer use by the adult learning population. "Characteristics of Adults as Learners" (Courtney, Luo) focuses on these six major dimensions that constitute learning: knowledge construction and conceptual change; prior knowledge and experience; motivation, self, and community; metacognition; authentic tasks and environments; and collaboration and self direction. "How Technology Impacts the Learning Process" (Courtney, Luo) focuses on computer-mediated communications systems. "Summary and Conclusions" (Courtney, Luo) presents two sets of implications for technology-based learning system design: those based on characteristics of the learning process and those based on user experiences. "Web Access for Adult Learners with Special Needs" (Stanley Vasa, Virginia Muggy) shares knowledge of adult learners with special needs and characteristics associated with disability categories and related Web design considerations. (Appendixes include 175 references; papers on the learner-centered principle and user interface design for older adults; and descriptions of 10 web sites used in synthesis of recommended Web design guidelines.) (YLB)

This five-part report synthesizes current theory and research on the adult as learner and generates implications for design and delivery of learning systems, particularly those involving computer-mediated technology and related software. "Adult Learning in Context" (Sean Courtney, Jiali Luo) examines the current situation of the adult learner, with special attention on increased computer use by the adult learning population. "Characteristics of Adults as Learners" (Courtney, Luo) focuses on these six major dimensions that constitute learning: knowledge construction and conceptual change; prior knowledge and experience; motivation, self, and community; metacognition; authentic tasks and environments; and collaboration and self direction. "How Technology Impacts the Learning Process" (Courtney, Luo) focuses on computer-mediated communications systems. "Summary and Conclusions" (Courtney, Luo) presents two sets of implications for technology-based learning system design: those based on characteristics of the learning process and those based on user experiences. "Web Access for Adult Learners with Special Needs" (Stanley Vasa, Virginia Muggy) shares knowledge of adult learners with special needs and characteristics associated with disability categories and related Web design considerations. (Appendixes include 175 references; papers on the learner-centered principle and user interface design for older adults; and descriptions of 10 web sites used in synthesis of recommended Web design guidelines.) (YLB)

This five-part report synthesizes current theory and research on the adult as learner and generates implications for design and delivery of learning systems, particularly those involving computer-mediated technology and related software. "Adult Learning in Context" (Sean Courtney, Jiali Luo) examines the current situation of the adult learner, with special attention on increased computer use by the adult learning population. "Characteristics of Adults as Learners" (Courtney, Luo) focuses on these six major dimensions that constitute learning: knowledge construction and conceptual change; prior knowledge and experience; motivation, self, and community; metacognition; authentic tasks and environments; and collaboration and self direction. "How Technology Impacts the Learning Process" (Courtney, Luo) focuses on computer-mediated communications systems. "Summary and Conclusions" (Courtney, Luo) presents two sets of implications for technology-based learning system design: those based on characteristics of the learning process and those based on user experiences. "Web Access for Adult Learners with Special Needs" (Stanley Vasa, Virginia Muggy) shares knowledge of adult learners with special needs and characteristics associated with disability categories and related Web design considerations. (Appendixes include 175 references; papers on the learner-centered principle and user interface design for older adults; and descriptions of 10 web sites used in synthesis of recommended Web design guidelines.) (YLB)

The conference papers, workshop committee reports and records of panel discussions are presented in this proceedings. The contents are separated into the following sections: (1) General Sessions which includes papers on information systems in the pharmacist's modern role and on system design considerations; (2) Workshops, committee reports and the round-table; (3) Conference summary and (4) Selected papers concerning Federal agency systems and system concepts. The appendices contain: the post-conference questionnaire, conference staff and registrants, and communications. (Author/NH)

The conference papers, workshop committee reports and records of panel discussions are presented in this proceedings. The contents are separated into the following sections: (1) General Sessions which includes papers on information systems in the pharmacist's modern role and on system design considerations; (2) Workshops, committee reports and the round-table; (3) Conference summary and (4) Selected papers concerning Federal agency systems and system concepts. The appendices contain: the post-conference questionnaire, conference staff and registrants, and communications. (Author/NH)

The conference papers, workshop committee reports and records of panel discussions are presented in this proceedings. The contents are separated into the following sections: (1) General Sessions which includes papers on information systems in the pharmacist's modern role and on system design considerations; (2) Workshops, committee reports and the round-table; (3) Conference summary and (4) Selected papers concerning Federal agency systems and system concepts. The appendices contain: the post-conference questionnaire, conference staff and registrants, and communications. (Author/NH)

This paper details experiences in developing an undergraduate Computer Information Systems (CIS) curriculum at a small liberal arts school. The development of the program was based on the study of needs assessment. Findings were based on the analysis of four sources of data: the results of an industry needs survey, data from a needs assessment project of the University System of Georgia, Georgia Department of Labor occupational projection until the year 2005, and U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics occupational projection until 2005. The task of developing the CIS program was broken into six phases: (1) performing needs assessment; (2) defining goals and objectives of the program; (3) identifying CIS curriculum guidelines and other sources of feedback; (4) planning for human and equipment resources needed for the program; (5) studying target students; and (6) developing the curriculum. Details of the curriculum and its characteristics are presented and compared with other similar curricula. (Author/AEF)

This paper details experiences in developing an undergraduate Computer Information Systems (CIS) curriculum at a small liberal arts school. The development of the program was based on the study of needs assessment. Findings were based on the analysis of four sources of data: the results of an industry needs survey, data from a needs assessment project of the University System of Georgia, Georgia Department of Labor occupational projection until the year 2005, and U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics occupational projection until 2005. The task of developing the CIS program was broken into six phases: (1) performing needs assessment; (2) defining goals and objectives of the program; (3) identifying CIS curriculum guidelines and other sources of feedback; (4) planning for human and equipment resources needed for the program; (5) studying target students; and (6) developing the curriculum. Details of the curriculum and its characteristics are presented and compared with other similar curricula. (Author/AEF)

This paper details experiences in developing an undergraduate Computer Information Systems (CIS) curriculum at a small liberal arts school. The development of the program was based on the study of needs assessment. Findings were based on the analysis of four sources of data: the results of an industry needs survey, data from a needs assessment project of the University System of Georgia, Georgia Department of Labor occupational projection until the year 2005, and U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics occupational projection until 2005. The task of developing the CIS program was broken into six phases: (1) performing needs assessment; (2) defining goals and objectives of the program; (3) identifying CIS curriculum guidelines and other sources of feedback; (4) planning for human and equipment resources needed for the program; (5) studying target students; and (6) developing the curriculum. Details of the curriculum and its characteristics are presented and compared with other similar curricula. (Author/AEF)

The need for management information by college and university administrators is becoming more intense. Recognizing that computerized information systems have not been able to satisfy this growing need, an alternative approach to the preparation of management information is described. This approach places the needs of decision makers before those of systems developers and outlines a process for the collection, evaluation, analysis, and interpretation of institutional data that should precede the implementation of computer-based information systems. (Author)

This report begins with a summary of work centered on the demonstration and implementation of a system of integrated on-line adaptive user models designed to automatically select information for multiple users in a simulated command, control, and communication (C3) system. The report then provides a formal description of a portion of the system designed to automatically select and pace information messages. The algorithms which control information presentation are based on a multi-attribute decomposition of message content. The information-selection model employs adaptive training logic to prioritize available messages for an individual operator according to his observed information preferences. Experimental demonstrations of the system were conducted within the context of a politico-military simulation. The results demonstrated the system's capability to adapt to varied individualized information processing strategies, and to automate the presentation of verbal messages as appropriate to different operator styles. When information flow was automatically controlled by the computer, users were able to process information effectively. The techniques are discussed in terms of the advantages and potential of the adaptive approach toward improving information management in computer-based systems.

This report begins with a summary of work centered on the demonstration and implementation of a system of integrated on-line adaptive user models designed to automatically select information for multiple users in a simulated command, control, and communication (C3) system. The report then provides a formal description of a portion of the system designed to automatically select and pace information messages. The algorithms which control information presentation are based on a multi-attribute decomposition of message content. The information-selection model employs adaptive training logic to prioritize available messages for an individual operator according to his observed information preferences. Experimental demonstrations of the system were conducted within the context of a politico-military simulation. The results demonstrated the system's capability to adapt to varied individualized information processing strategies, and to automate the presentation of verbal messages as appropriate to different operator styles. When information flow was automatically controlled by the computer, users were able to process information effectively. The techniques are discussed in terms of the advantages and potential of the adaptive approach toward improving information management in computer-based systems.

This report begins with a summary of work centered on the demonstration and implementation of a system of integrated on-line adaptive user models designed to automatically select information for multiple users in a simulated command, control, and communication (C3) system. The report then provides a formal description of a portion of the system designed to automatically select and pace information messages. The algorithms which control information presentation are based on a multi-attribute decomposition of message content. The information-selection model employs adaptive training logic to prioritize available messages for an individual operator according to his observed information preferences. Experimental demonstrations of the system were conducted within the context of a politico-military simulation. The results demonstrated the system's capability to adapt to varied individualized information processing strategies, and to automate the presentation of verbal messages as appropriate to different operator styles. When information flow was automatically controlled by the computer, users were able to process information effectively. The techniques are discussed in terms of the advantages and potential of the adaptive approach toward improving information management in computer-based systems.

This report begins with a summary of work centered on the demonstration and implementation of a system of integrated on-line adaptive user models designed to automatically select information for multiple users in a simulated command, control, and communication (C3) system. The report then provides a formal description of a portion of the system designed to automatically select and pace information messages. The algorithms which control information presentation are based on a multi-attribute decomposition of message content. The information-selection model employs adaptive training logic to prioritize available messages for an individual operator according to his observed information preferences. Experimental demonstrations of the system were conducted within the context of a politico-military simulation. The results demonstrated the system's capability to adapt to varied individualized information processing strategies, and to automate the presentation of verbal messages as appropriate to different operator styles. When information flow was automatically controlled by the computer, users were able to process information effectively. The techniques are discussed in terms of the advantages and potential of the adaptive approach toward improving information management in computer-based systems.

This report begins with a summary of work centered on the demonstration and implementation of a system of integrated on-line adaptive user models designed to automatically select information for multiple users in a simulated command, control, and communication (C3) system. The report then provides a formal description of a portion of the system designed to automatically select and pace information messages. The algorithms which control information presentation are based on a multi-attribute decomposition of message content. The information-selection model employs adaptive training logic to prioritize available messages for an individual operator according to his observed information preferences. Experimental demonstrations of the system were conducted within the context of a politico-military simulation. The results demonstrated the system's capability to adapt to varied individualized information processing strategies, and to automate the presentation of verbal messages as appropriate to different operator styles. When information flow was automatically controlled by the computer, users were able to process information effectively. The techniques are discussed in terms of the advantages and potential of the adaptive approach toward improving information management in computer-based systems.

This report begins with a summary of work centered on the demonstration and implementation of a system of integrated on-line adaptive user models designed to automatically select information for multiple users in a simulated command, control, and communication (C3) system. The report then provides a formal description of a portion of the system designed to automatically select and pace information messages. The algorithms which control information presentation are based on a multi-attribute decomposition of message content. The information-selection model employs adaptive training logic to prioritize available messages for an individual operator according to his observed information preferences. Experimental demonstrations of the system were conducted within the context of a politico-military simulation. The results demonstrated the system's capability to adapt to varied individualized information processing strategies, and to automate the presentation of verbal messages as appropriate to different operator styles. When information flow was automatically controlled by the computer, users were able to process information effectively. The techniques are discussed in terms of the advantages and potential of the adaptive approach toward improving information management in computer-based systems.

Bibliography: p. 96-101

Bibliography: p. 96-101

A general introduction to computer based national information systems, and the context and basis for future studies are provided in this report. Chapter One, the introduction, summarizes computers and information systems and their relation to society, the structure of information policy issues, and public policy issues. Chapter Two describes the background and purpose of the study, and Chapter Three examines the current states of computer technology and information industries and their projected future developments. These topics are elaborated on in Chapters 13 and 14. Political, economic, and social trends are identified in Chapter Four, and Chapter Five discusses political, economic, and social trends that affect the use of computer-based information systems. An analysis of selected policy issues which may confront Congress over the next decade are discussed in Chapters Six to 12 and include innovation, productivity, employment, privacy, computer systems security, government management of data processing, society's dependence on information systems, constitutional rights, and regulatory and other issues. (RBF)

A general introduction to computer based national information systems, and the context and basis for future studies are provided in this report. Chapter One, the introduction, summarizes computers and information systems and their relation to society, the structure of information policy issues, and public policy issues. Chapter Two describes the background and purpose of the study, and Chapter Three examines the current states of computer technology and information industries and their projected future developments. These topics are elaborated on in Chapters 13 and 14. Political, economic, and social trends are identified in Chapter Four, and Chapter Five discusses political, economic, and social trends that affect the use of computer-based information systems. An analysis of selected policy issues which may confront Congress over the next decade are discussed in Chapters Six to 12 and include innovation, productivity, employment, privacy, computer systems security, government management of data processing, society's dependence on information systems, constitutional rights, and regulatory and other issues. (RBF)

The primary focus of the personal computer task area is the development of an electronic message system called Diamond, which will run in a distributed personal computer environment. The message system will: Support a user interface that exploits the capabilities of advanced single-user computers, handle message that contain data other than text, have a distributed architecture, operate in a secure fashion, permit use from a variety of user access points and have a transportable implementation. (KR)

Planning and Implementing Computer-Based Management Information Systems from American Management Association

For a broad range of computer-based information systems, the user-system interface (USI) can require a sizable investment in software design. In current practice, there is no coherent methodology for USI design, but efforts to establish USI design standards have begun. This report summarizes the present state of the art, including a recent survey of USI design practice (Smith, 1981b), and proposes several aids to USI design. The first step in USI software design is to decide what is needed. A structured checklist of USI functional capabilities is proposed to aid in requirements definition. This checklist updates a previously published version (Smith, 1981a). Once USI requirements have been defined, the next step is to provide design guidance for the software needed to implement those requirements. A compilation of 375 design guidelines is offered here for major USI functional areas of data entry, data display, and sequence control, revising and enlarging previously proposed guidelines (Smith, 1981a). A third step leading to good USI design is careful documentation. USI documentation is needed to permit design review before software implementation and continuing design coordination thereafter. Potential computer aids are briefly described for generation of draft USI functional specifications, the earliest stage of design documentation. (Author)

For a broad range of computer-based information systems, the user-system interface (USI) can require a sizable investment in software design. In current practice, there is no coherent methodology for USI design, but efforts to establish USI design standards have begun. This report summarizes the present state of the art, including a recent survey of USI design practice (Smith, 1981b), and proposes several aids to USI design. The first step in USI software design is to decide what is needed. A structured checklist of USI functional capabilities is proposed to aid in requirements definition. This checklist updates a previously published version (Smith, 1981a). Once USI requirements have been defined, the next step is to provide design guidance for the software needed to implement those requirements. A compilation of 375 design guidelines is offered here for major USI functional areas of data entry, data display, and sequence control, revising and enlarging previously proposed guidelines (Smith, 1981a). A third step leading to good USI design is careful documentation. USI documentation is needed to permit design review before software implementation and continuing design coordination thereafter. Potential computer aids are briefly described for generation of draft USI functional specifications, the earliest stage of design documentation. (Author)

A simulation study of library-based information retrieval systems is described. Basic models for each of several important aspects are presented: (1) user behavior, emphasizing response to quality and delays in services; (2) the scheduling of services and the organization of the machine-readable files; and (3) the distribution of conventional library materials. Many of the variables in the model (e.g., user expectations of service time, delays involved in providing services, etc.) are random. An adaptive element is present in the form of admitting changes in user expectations in response to system changes. The need for frequent model change and the merging of component models into a comprehensive model for the entire system is established as the basis for use of a user-oriented simulation language. Statistical facility beyond that supplied in the language used (GPSS/360) is required to achieve the goals of this and related investigations. (Author)