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Evaluation of several actual or potential applications of polarization-diversity radar and lidar technology are presented. These include: determination of thermodynamic phase, shape, size, and orientation of hydrometeors; determination of rainfall rate from differential reflectivity measurement; increased unambiguous velocity measurement by polarization coding of Doppler radar pulse pairs; measurement of propagation parameters; and selective suppression of meteorological and non-meteorological echoes. Evaluations include descriptions of demonstrated capabilities and identification of limiting factors associated with equipment design or meteorological parameters. Measurement capabilities and operational benefits of a coherent polarization-diversity radar are discussed. Prospects for the use of lidar in distinguishing high-altitude aerosol layers from clouds are described. (Author)

This research is an expansion of the ONR grant Applications of Synthetic Aperture Radar to Meteorology and Oceanography Command Operations, N00014-06-1-0046 (Dr. Todd D. Sikora), N00014-07-1-0934 (Dr. George S. Young) and N0014-07-1-0577 (Dr. Nathaniel S. Winstead). The expansion allows for the completion of publications that have resulted from that research.

Develop climatologies of gridded CG lightning densities and frequencies of occurrence for the Melbourne, FL National Weather Service (NWS MLB) county warning area. These grids are used to create a first-guess field for the lightning threat index map that is available on the NWS MLB NASA KSCIKT website. Forecasters previously created this map from scratch. Having the climatologies as a background field will increase consistency between forecasters and decrease their workload. Delivered all files containing the lightning climatologies, the data, and the code used to create the climatologies to NWS MLB. Completed and distributed a final memorandum describing how the climatologies were created. All the files were installed on the NWS MLB computer system, and then the code was compiled and tested to ensure that it worked properly on their operating system. The climatologies and their descriptions are posted on the NWS MLB website. Forecasting Low-Level Convergent Bands Under Southeast Flow Provide guidance to operational personnel that will help improve their forecasts of cloud bands under large-scale southeast flow. When these bands occur, they can lead to cloud, rain, and thunderstorm occurrences that adversely affect launch, landing, and ground operations at Kennedy Space Center/Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (KSC/CCAFS). Completed the first draft of the final report. The conclusions from this task indicated low-level wind speed and direction, low-level high pressure ridge position, east coast sea breeze front activity and upper-level jet streak position have the greatest influence on convergent band formation and movement during southeasterly flow.

On the Meteorology of the Lake District of Cumberland and Westmoreland; With a Continuation of the Results of Experiments on the Fall of Rain at Various Heights, up to 3166 Feet above the Sea Level. Miller, J Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London (1776-1886). 1851-01-01. 141:149–157

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Tracklist: 1. One Fine Solstice 2. Allen Town Jail 3. Cryin' 4. Back Into the Deep 5. Rising... 6. Red Tide 7. Lunar Phaser 8. Cinemascopique 9. Ostalgia 10. Serenade Des Excentriques 11. Wasting Time

"Current Notes on Meteorology" is an article from Science, Volume 5 . View more articles from Science . View this article on JSTOR . View this article's JSTOR metadata . You may also retrieve all of this items metadata in JSON at the following URL: https://archive.org/metadata/jstor-1624079

"Current Notes on Meteorology" is an article from Science, Volume 5 . View more articles from Science . View this article on JSTOR . View this article's JSTOR metadata . You may also retrieve all of this items metadata in JSON at the following URL: https://archive.org/metadata/jstor-1624079

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 1991: Volume 56 , Issue Contents. Digitized from IA1653108-03 . Previous issue: sim_agricultural-and-forest-meteorology_1991-06_55_3-4 . Next issue: sim_agricultural-and-forest-meteorology_1991-07_56_1-2 .

This report summarizes the Applied Meteorology Unit (AMU) activities for the second quarter of Fiscal Year 2005 (January - March 2005). A detailed project schedule is included in the Appendix.

This report summarizes the Applied Meteorology Unit (AMU) activities for the second quarter of Fiscal Year 2005 (January - March 2005). A detailed project schedule is included in the Appendix.

This report summarizes the Applied Meteorology Unit (AMU) activities for the second quarter of Fiscal Year 2005 (January - March 2005). A detailed project schedule is included in the Appendix.

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 1992: Volume 61 , Issue Contents. Digitized from IA1653108-03 . Previous issue: sim_agricultural-and-forest-meteorology_1992-08-31_60_3-4 . Next issue: sim_agricultural-and-forest-meteorology_1992-09_61_1-2 .

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 1992: Volume 61 , Issue Contents. Digitized from IA1653108-03 . Previous issue: sim_agricultural-and-forest-meteorology_1992-08-31_60_3-4 . Next issue: sim_agricultural-and-forest-meteorology_1992-09_61_1-2 .

The EuroMET (European Meteorological Education and Training) project was created to address the education and training needs of professional meteorologists and students in tertiary education throughout Europe and more widely. Two courses, each modular in format, have been developed for the World Wide Web. The courses have been evaluated at three key points during their development for their usability, scientific content, and perceived pedagogical worth. By performing the evaluation in this way, recommendations for improvement could be made to the developers, the improvements incorporated, and all modifications fully tested before the course was considered ready for use. The final versions of the courses are currently undergoing a summative evaluation as they are used in real teaching and training environments. This paper describes the evaluation methods used during the project and the results obtained thus far. A table presents data on improvement in test scores before and after users complete a module. (Author/DLS)

"Current Notes on Meteorology" is an article from Science, Volume 9 . View more articles from Science . View this article on JSTOR . View this article's JSTOR metadata . You may also retrieve all of this items metadata in JSON at the following URL: https://archive.org/metadata/jstor-1626066

"Meteorology in California" is an article from Science, Volume 8 . View more articles from Science . View this article on JSTOR . View this article's JSTOR metadata . You may also retrieve all of this items metadata in JSON at the following URL: https://archive.org/metadata/jstor-1760975

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 1989: Volume 46 , Issue CONTENTS. Digitized from IA1652501-01 . Previous issue: sim_agricultural-and-forest-meteorology_1989-03_45_3-4_0 . Next issue: sim_agricultural-and-forest-meteorology_1989-04_46_1-2_0 .

HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS ARE STUDIED IN RADAR IMAGERY OF CLOUD COVERS AND ATMOSPHERIC PRECIPITATION.

Contents: Analyses of Terrestrial Features and Initiation of the Construction of a Landmark Map; Development of Modified Fujita Technique for TIROS Picture Location; Investigation of the Characteristics of the Nimbus Automatic Picture Transmission (APT) System and Preliminary Development of Data Location Techniques; Compilation of Operationally Applicable Techniques for the Utilization of Meteorological Satellite Data; Initial Studies towards a Tropical Storm Development Model; Analyses of Stratiform Cloud Patterns near the Canary Islands.

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 1996: Volume 79 , Issue CONTENTS. Digitized from IA1652501-01 . Previous issue: sim_agricultural-and-forest-meteorology_1996-02_78_3-4_0 . Next issue: sim_agricultural-and-forest-meteorology_1996-03_79_1-2_0 .

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 1996: Volume 79 , Issue CONTENTS. Digitized from IA1652501-01 . Previous issue: sim_agricultural-and-forest-meteorology_1996-02_78_3-4_0 . Next issue: sim_agricultural-and-forest-meteorology_1996-03_79_1-2_0 .

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Introduction Thunderstorms of the most important, most abundant of the most severe weather hazard that each year, in addition to large quantities of crops and infrastructure development, causing human casualties are also around the globe. Between 1953 and 1957 the financial losses caused by the hurricanes in America has over 3.6 million dollars (Changnon;2003,1231).Storms of varying intensities have been identified. The average horizontal range of a few tens of kilometers of the storm, the vertical range of about 10/000 m and has a lifetime of 30 minutes (Henderson, 2006).These storms often clouds Rick, Rick rain and are shaped tower along. Thunder usually high or heated air masses in the ground or in the air fronts, especially in the cold front, caused, so the Thunder or the origin of air masses or the front.Thunderstorm climate risk as part of the nature of Iran's North West Province, socio-economic and environmental damages each year to the people, especially farmers and ranchers are (Khoshhaldastjerdi, J. GhavidelRahimi, Yousef;2007,101).(Sari Sarraf et al.; 2007,123) of rainfall in the southern basin of Aras River barrage to approach and came to the conclusion that the main causes of showers barrage in the area are two regional instability (in summer) and in front cold (in winter) is. Meteorologists to study the atmosphere of the period of the formation of storms, the following factors have the appropriate factors or lack of conditions for hurricane formation and climate instability or the possibility of convection as well as show. High levels of cold weather hot weather, low levels and the abundance of moisture, all of unstable atmosphere. Accordingly, since the dynamic atmosphere of instability factors, the most important scientific method to the study of atmospheric instabilities is a storm. The study area Hamedan province with an area of approximately 19545/82 kilometers, the circuit (33 degrees 33 minutes) to (35 degrees and 38 minutes) north latitude and between the meridians (47 degrees and 45 minutes) to (49 degrees and 36 minutes.) is located east longitude. Hamedan province to the north is limited province zanjan and ghazvin,and to the south is limited province lorestan,and to the east is limited province markazi,to the West is limited provinces Kermanshah and Kurdistan.According to the latest administrative divisions, including 8 of the city, 21 cities, 20 districts, 71 rural districts and 1120 villages. The average height of about 1,800 meters of surface water. Alvand peak with an altitude of 3584 meters the highest point of Hamedan province and the lowest point is 1,600 meters with a height of land amrabad.These stations are given in Table View. Name of station longitude latitude altitude Hamadan Airport 48.32 34.52 1741.5 Nojeh Kaboudarahang 48.71 35.20 1679.7 1Author: 09183177169 E-mail: [email protected] Materials and Methods To determine the incidence of storms synoptic data from two stations Nojeh Hamadan airport and the period of 15 years (1992,2006) were used. In this study, the initial data from the Meteorological Research Center of Hamadan in the period 1992 to 2006 was obtained, After controlling the data, initial tests have been done and data on the present and past weather the storm of the code were specified time scale.Were determined by surveys conducted during the period of 15 years, 270 thunderstorms occurred in the region. Continue to identify synoptic patterns cause storms in the region, a cluster analysis was performed on 270 days with thunderstorms and storms occurred in this province were clustered. And hours were significant in terms of duration and intensity of storms and showers barrage studied were synoptic, To analyze the thunderstorm occurred during the period, first by synoptic weather map at 500 hPa surface is determined daily and thermodynamic methods, To draw them, raw data and the level of 500 hPa surface of obtaining environmental predictions Center and then by using the Grads were plotted on a map. Thermodynamics diagrams also known as April 10, 2005 and October 31, 2006, due to the occurrence of severe thunderstorms in these days, for example, the website of the University of Wyoming to study, and have been used. Thermodynamic charts (upper) and mean monthly, seasonal and yearly for both stations was calculated, Atmospheric instability to volatility indices were studied. These indicators reflect the high probability of instability and, in particular, storms in the days mentioned. Result and discussion Analysis of circulation patterns storm and showery precipitation In order to identify patterns cause storms Showers and identify the days of the index, a cluster analysis on 270 days with thunderstorms in the area. And these days were divided into six clusters. Then in each cluster on a day which was more unstable, was elected as a representative day. Synoptic pattern of the day, for example, were studied. Study maps of the surface and 500 hPa long-term patterns show that during storms Showers several successive systems of the North West and from Iraq into Iran, causing storms and rain showers in the area is. At ground level from the South West of Iran and the Arabian Peninsula, low pressure Sudan to Iran. ISO time to draw maps and contour maps of the Earth's surface and the level of 500 hPa,The raw data of the Earth's surface and the level of 500 hPa, the environmental prediction America Center was received, And then by using the Grads were plotted on a map. Assessment of changes in storm studied stations Change the hours of thunderstorms in the airport station is shown in Fig. Most storm at the station between the hours of 15 and 18 respectively and 12 and 21 synoptic hours after they have had the greatest storm. Monthly changes in Days of Thunder in the airport station is such that the most frequent occurrence in April and May and the lowest frequency of its occurrence is in December In between seasons, spring is the most frequently Days of Thunder. And winter, the lowest frequency is allocated.Over half of storms reported in the spring, then fall, most of it is dedicated to, as well as the annual changes in the region studied storm, nearly has a growing trend, in 1993, the lowest of the In the entire region, and 2004 as the most prominent in terms of frequency of occurrence of this phenomenon has been reported.Nojeh station thunderstorms are most frequent occurrence is between 15 and 18 hours. Synoptic hours, followed by 12 and 21 accounted for most of it. During the months of the year, the April moon and may have the highest frequency and December and February have the lowest frequency of thunderstorms.In the between seasons, spring represents the highest frequency. Over half of storms have been reported in the spring, then fall, most of it is allocated, as well as the annual changes in the region studied storm, nearly has a growing trend, in 1993, the lowest of the In the entire region, and 2004 as the most prominent in terms of frequency of occurrence of this phenomenon has been reported. Conclusion Analysis and output maps and weather patterns show that the most important indicators of large-scale storms could be severe pressure gradient at the surface, atmosphere and clouds pile a dry layer of more or less similar pluvial instabilies atmospheric noted. Therefore, large-scale patterns useful in detecting not only the exact occurrence of these phenomena can be qualitatively predict the weather. However, volatility indices such as Ki, Si, Sweat and numerical thresholds for these indicators help predict storms in the area. Maximum storm event Nojeh station 534 times and Airport Station 312 time (over 15 years) experienced the lowest incidence of hurricanes. Most of these storms nature front and Synoptic and because the systems climax to the region, because the airport station number of event storms, 81 percent of the station Nojeh 71 percent of the synoptic and the front of the storm, stations, airports, 19 percent of stations Nojeh 29 percent of the local thermodynamic nature. Most storms at both stations during spring and in the afternoon and early evening of April happened, this phenomenon occurs when the active area of low pressure over southern and south with hot, humid currents, their the higher latitudes can be seen in the spring and take a combination of these conditions in parts of West, North West of active centers and the high-pressure cold latitudes of both the lower moves of different weather, significant influence on the northern regions of atmospheric fronts, West and South West of the country has been producing cumulus clouds and cumulonimbus. Which is usually accompanied by torrential rainfall has been observed on these areas. At the time of the storms at the level of 500 hPa, a deeply unstable trough is formed on the Black Sea.

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"Current Notes on Meteorology" is an article from Science, Volume 20 . View more articles from Science . View this article on JSTOR . View this article's JSTOR metadata . You may also retrieve all of this items metadata in JSON at the following URL: https://archive.org/metadata/jstor-1630481

In an earlier paper Rakonczai et al. (2014), we have emphasized the effective sample size for autocorrelated data. The simulations were based on the block bootstrap methodology. However, the discreteness of the usual block size did not allow for exact calculations. In this paper we propose a generalisation of the block bootstrap methodology, relate it to the existing optimisation procedures and apply it to a temperature data set. Our other focus is on statistical tests, where quite often the actual sample size plays an important role, even in case of relatively large samples. This is especially the case for copulas. These are used for investigating the dependencies among data sets. As in quite a few real applications the time dependence cannot be neglected, we investigated the effect of this phenomenon to the used test statistic. The critical values can be computed by the proposed new block bootstrap simulation, where the block sizes are determined e.g. by fitting a VAR model to the observations. The results are illustrated for models of the used temperature data.

"The International Congresses of Meteorology and Aëronautics at Paris" is an article from Science, Volume 11 . View more articles from Science . View this article on JSTOR . View this article's JSTOR metadata . You may also retrieve all of this items metadata in JSON at the following URL: https://archive.org/metadata/jstor-1627456

"Current Notes on Meteorology and Climatology" is an article from Science, Volume 25 . View more articles from Science . View this article on JSTOR . View this article's JSTOR metadata . You may also retrieve all of this items metadata in JSON at the following URL: https://archive.org/metadata/jstor-1633155

"Current Notes on Meteorology and Climatology" is an article from Science, Volume 25 . View more articles from Science . View this article on JSTOR . View this article's JSTOR metadata . You may also retrieve all of this items metadata in JSON at the following URL: https://archive.org/metadata/jstor-1633155

The book presents an exposition of a course in meteorology (physics of the atmosphere) in conformity with the syllabus approved for hydrometeorological institutes and universities. On the basis of the latest researches, the book systematically presents information on the structure and properties of the atmosphere, and the physical processes and phenomena taking place in it. The book is intended as a textbook for hydrometeorological institutes and universities. It can serve as a manual for correspondence courses and also for practical workers in the field of meteorology. (KURS METEOROLOGII) (Fizika atmosfery) E. S. Selezneva, Editor GIMIZ Gidrometeorologicheskoe I zda te l' stvo Leningrad 1962  Translated from Russian  Israel Program for Scientific Translations Jerusalem 1965 TABLE OF CONTENTS Annotation PREFACE 1.I INTRODUCTION Part One GENERAL PROPERTIES AND STRUCTURE OF THE ATMOSPHERE 2. THE COMPOSITION OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR 3. TURBULENT MIXING IN THE ATMOSPHERE 4. STRUCTURE OF THE ATMOSPHERE 5. DISTRIBUTION OF PRESSURE IN THE ATMOSPHERE 6. FUNDAMENTALS OF ATMOSPHERIC THERMODYNAMICS Part Two RADIANT ENERGY 8. INFLUENCE OF THE ATMOSPHERE ON FLUXES OF RADIANT ENERGY 9. SHORT-WAVE RADIATION IN THE ATMOSPHERE 10. LONG-WAVE RADIATION OF THE EARTH'S SURFACE AND ATMOSPHERE. THE RADIATION BALANCE Part Three THERMAL REGIME OF THE ATMOSPHERE AND EARTH'S SURFACE 11. HEAT TRANSFER IN THE UPPERMOST LAYERS OF SOIL AND WATER. THERMAL REGIME OF SOIL AND WATER 12. HEAT TRANSFER IN THE ATMOSPHERE 13. TEMPERATURE OF THE LOWER ATMOSPHERIC LAYERS 14. TEMPERATURE OF THE FREE ATMOSPHERE 15. THERMAL BALANCE OF THE EARTH'S SURFACE AND ATMOSPHERE Part Four MOISTURE REGIME OF THE ATMOSPHERE 17. EVAPORATION 18. FORMATION OF THE LIQUID AND SOLID PHASE OF WATER IN THE ATMOSPHERE 19. FOGS AND CLOUDS 20. PRECIPITATION Part Five AIR MOTIONS 21. GENERAL REGULARITIES OF ATMOSPHERIC MOTION 22. WIND VARIATION WITH ALTITUDE 23. AIR MOTION IN THE BOUNDARY LAYER OF THE ATMOSPHERE Part Six OPTICAL PHENOMENA IN THE ATMOSPHERE 24. OPTICAL PHENOMENA IN THE ATMOSPHERE DUE TO SCATTERING, ABSORPTION AND REFLECTION OF LIGHT 25. VISIBILITY 26. REFRACTION OF LIGHT IN THE ATMOSPHERE 27. OPTICAL PHENOMENA DUE TO THE PRESENCE OF WATER DROPLETS AND ICE CRYSTALS IN THE ATMOSPHERE Part Seven ELECTRICAL PHENOMENA IN THE ATMOSPHERE (ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY) 28. STATE OF IONIZATION OF THE ATMOSPHERE 29. THE IONOSPHERE 30 THE ELECTRIC FIELD IN THE ATMOSPHERE 31. THUNDERSTORM ELECTRICITY 32. POLAR AURORAS Part Eight ATMOSPHERIC ACOUSTICS 33. SPEED OF SOUND IN THE ATMOSPHERE 34. PROPAGATION OF SOUND IN THE ATMOSPHERE

Book digitized by Google and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb.

Book digitized by Google and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb.

CBCS Production Statistics, Tasmania - Primary Industries, 1959-60 and Meteorology, 1960

This paper is in the public domain in USA. Metadata comes from the CrossRef API, see full record in the source URL below.

This paper is in the public domain in USA. Metadata comes from the CrossRef API, see full record in the source URL below.

Book digitized by Google and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb.

This paper is in the public domain in USA. Metadata comes from the CrossRef API, see full record in the source URL below.

This paper is in the public domain in USA. Metadata comes from the CrossRef API, see full record in the source URL below.

For the period January 1, 1945 to March 31, 1963 a calendar was outlined in which the weather situation every day was defined according to 'specific weather patterns'. This was obtained from the studies of weather situations for this period by investigating not only the surface maps but taken into account also, the air flow at 500 mb level. The days of this period were separated for every specific weather pattern for every month. In this report the weather elements (temperature, cloudiness, precipitation, wind, relative humidity, visibility, ceiling) are for 16 Alaska stations for every specific weather pattern and every month. From these summarizations (by weather patterns, months, years, and for the whole period) a final condensation of the results was performed for every station. The Alaska area was divided into five sections. The results are tabulated in 264 (22 x 12) tables. The Number of cases when a specific weather pattern occurred are shown on each table.

For the period January 1, 1945 to March 31, 1963 a calendar was outlined in which the weather situation every day was defined according to 'specific weather patterns'. This was obtained from the studies of weather situations for this period by investigating not only the surface maps but taken into account also, the air flow at 500 mb level. The days of this period were separated for every specific weather pattern for every month. In this report the weather elements (temperature, cloudiness, precipitation, wind, relative humidity, visibility, ceiling) are for 16 Alaska stations for every specific weather pattern and every month. From these summarizations (by weather patterns, months, years, and for the whole period) a final condensation of the results was performed for every station. The Alaska area was divided into five sections. The results are tabulated in 264 (22 x 12) tables. The Number of cases when a specific weather pattern occurred are shown on each table.

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"Current Notes on Meteorology" is an article from Science, Volume 18 . View more articles from Science . View this article on JSTOR . View this article's JSTOR metadata . You may also retrieve all of this items metadata in JSON at the following URL: https://archive.org/metadata/jstor-1629912

"Current Notes on Meteorology and Climatology" is an article from Science, Volume 26 . View more articles from Science . View this article on JSTOR . View this article's JSTOR metadata . You may also retrieve all of this items metadata in JSON at the following URL: https://archive.org/metadata/jstor-1633624