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The goal is to study the effect of siblings on language development as a function of age difference, number of older siblings and sex. For more information, see the PDF document "Preregistration ELFE.pdf".

The goal is to study the effect of siblings on language development as a function of age difference, number of older siblings and sex. For more information, see the PDF document "Preregistration ELFE.pdf".

The current project seeks to analyze existing data in the WordBank database (Frank et al., 2016) focusing on internal state language in toddlers ages 16-30 months using the MCDI- Words and Sentences Form. In this two-part study pre-registration, authors propose (a) evaluating factor structure of internal state language using 43 items from MCDI-W&S in this developmental period, and (b) evaluating developmental trajectories of ISL factor(s) from 16-30 months and relevant predictors of intercept and slope (e.g., child sex, maternal education).

The Oslo Early Education Study (OEES) is a researcher–sector partnership that will develop, implement, and assess the effects of an intervention aimed at preparing multiethnic preschool centers to utilize their potential to support children’s language learning. For project overview, main objectives, intervention timeline, study samples, and data levels, see "Oslo Early Education Study_OSF.pdf" (this is the original version, first uploaded 01.06.22, but deleted by mistake and uploaded again 04.27.23 - no changes done to this document). The present study will use teacher reports to examine whether the OEES intervention improves child language skills, communication, social play behavior and socioemotional adjustment after one and two years. Note that we have already preregistered four other studies from the OEES-project. Study1 and Study3 focus on the effects on individually assessed child language outcomes after one (T2) and two (T3) years of intervention, respectively. Study2 focuses on effects on classroom quality assessed after two years of intervention, and Study4 focuses on teacher talk features assessed after one and two years of intervention. The present pre-registration (Study5) focuses on intervention effects on teacher reports on child language skills, communication, social play behavior and socioemotional adjustment assessed after one and two years of implementation.

A considerable body of research suggests season-of-birth effects on children’s school achievements: children born in the fall outperform those born in early summer (Martin et al., 2004). These effects can be attributed to either a maturational gap upon school admission-the maturity hypothesis-or to prenatal aggressions on the central nervous system during pregnancy that are more susceptible to happen during winter (e.g., viruses, vitamin D deficiency)-the psychopathology hypothesis. Recently, Muñoz, Kartushina and Mayor (2022) reported that season-of-birth effects modulate vocabulary sizes of 12-month-olds – a result suggesting that seasonal variations on language development are present before school enrolment and hence provide support for psychopathology hypothesis. In the present project, we will evaluate further evidence supporting the psychopathology hypothesis and see whether prenatal aggressions (via vitamin D deficiency and viral exposure in the expecting mother) further modulates the association between season-of-birth and (lower) language skills. We will analyze data from the Little in Norway cohort (Moe et al. 2019; Araujo et al. 2020), a dataset collected from 2011 and which includes vitamin D levels in expecting mothers and measures of language skills in their young children, as indexed by the Bayley language test. Furthermore, geographical location of participating families will allow to further probe whether latitude of residence acts as a risk factor for lower vocabulary scores among young children – since it coincides with reduced sun exposure during winter, in turn translating into reduced vitamin D levels during pregnancy.

This study provides a longitudinal comparison of the syntactic complexity of stories retold by children with EAL and their monolingual peers, using narrative data from the SCALES project.

This study provides a longitudinal comparison of the syntactic complexity of stories retold by children with EAL and their monolingual peers, using narrative data from the SCALES project.

This study provides a longitudinal comparison of the syntactic complexity of stories retold by children with EAL and their monolingual peers, using narrative data from the SCALES project.

This review conducted to map existing literature evidence regarding the use of digital learning media on the development of second languages or bilingualism in children aged 6-12 years to give additional new information and formulate future primary research, especially in the fields of learning design and psycholinguistic.

Includes bibliographical references

Includes bibliographical references

This article is from Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience , volume 7 . Abstract Research suggests that a sub-set of children with autism experience notable difficulties and delays in motor skills development, and that a large percentage of children with autism experience deficits in motor resonance. These motor-related deficiencies, which evidence suggests are present from a very early age, are likely to negatively affect social-communicative and language development in this population. Here, we review evidence for delayed, impaired, and atypical motor development in infants and children with autism. We then carefully review and examine the current language and communication-based intervention research that is relevant to motor and motor resonance (i.e., neural “mirroring” mechanisms activated when we observe the actions of others) deficits in children with autism. Finally, we describe research needs and future directions and developments for early interventions aimed at addressing the speech/language and social-communication development difficulties in autism from a motor-related perspective.

This article is from Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology , volume 25 . Abstract Introduction:: In recent years, music has been employed in many intervention and rehabilitation program to enhance cognitive abilities in patients. Numerous researches show that music therapy can help improving language skills in patients including hearing impaired. In this study, a new method of music training is introduced based on principles of neuroscience and capabilities of Persian language to optimize language development in deaf children after implantation. Materials and Methods:: The candidate children are classified in three groups according to their hearing age and language development. The music training program is established and centered on four principles, as follows: hearing and listening to music (with special attention to boost hearing), singing, rhythmic movements with music and playing musical instruments. Results:: Recently much research has demonstrated that even after cochlear implant operation, a child cannot acquire language to the same level of detail as a normal child. As a result of this study music could compensate this developmental delay .It is known that the greater the area of the brain that is activated, the more synaptic learning and plasticity changes occur in that specific area. According to the principles of neural plasticity, music could improve language skills by activating the same areas for language processing in the brain. Conclusion: : In conclusion, the effects of music on the human brain seem to be very promising and therapeutic in various types of disorders and conditions, including cochlear implantation.

This article is from Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology , volume 25 . Abstract Introduction:: In recent years, music has been employed in many intervention and rehabilitation program to enhance cognitive abilities in patients. Numerous researches show that music therapy can help improving language skills in patients including hearing impaired. In this study, a new method of music training is introduced based on principles of neuroscience and capabilities of Persian language to optimize language development in deaf children after implantation. Materials and Methods:: The candidate children are classified in three groups according to their hearing age and language development. The music training program is established and centered on four principles, as follows: hearing and listening to music (with special attention to boost hearing), singing, rhythmic movements with music and playing musical instruments. Results:: Recently much research has demonstrated that even after cochlear implant operation, a child cannot acquire language to the same level of detail as a normal child. As a result of this study music could compensate this developmental delay .It is known that the greater the area of the brain that is activated, the more synaptic learning and plasticity changes occur in that specific area. According to the principles of neural plasticity, music could improve language skills by activating the same areas for language processing in the brain. Conclusion: : In conclusion, the effects of music on the human brain seem to be very promising and therapeutic in various types of disorders and conditions, including cochlear implantation.

This article is from Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology , volume 25 . Abstract Introduction:: In recent years, music has been employed in many intervention and rehabilitation program to enhance cognitive abilities in patients. Numerous researches show that music therapy can help improving language skills in patients including hearing impaired. In this study, a new method of music training is introduced based on principles of neuroscience and capabilities of Persian language to optimize language development in deaf children after implantation. Materials and Methods:: The candidate children are classified in three groups according to their hearing age and language development. The music training program is established and centered on four principles, as follows: hearing and listening to music (with special attention to boost hearing), singing, rhythmic movements with music and playing musical instruments. Results:: Recently much research has demonstrated that even after cochlear implant operation, a child cannot acquire language to the same level of detail as a normal child. As a result of this study music could compensate this developmental delay .It is known that the greater the area of the brain that is activated, the more synaptic learning and plasticity changes occur in that specific area. According to the principles of neural plasticity, music could improve language skills by activating the same areas for language processing in the brain. Conclusion: : In conclusion, the effects of music on the human brain seem to be very promising and therapeutic in various types of disorders and conditions, including cochlear implantation.

This article is from Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology , volume 25 . Abstract Introduction:: In recent years, music has been employed in many intervention and rehabilitation program to enhance cognitive abilities in patients. Numerous researches show that music therapy can help improving language skills in patients including hearing impaired. In this study, a new method of music training is introduced based on principles of neuroscience and capabilities of Persian language to optimize language development in deaf children after implantation. Materials and Methods:: The candidate children are classified in three groups according to their hearing age and language development. The music training program is established and centered on four principles, as follows: hearing and listening to music (with special attention to boost hearing), singing, rhythmic movements with music and playing musical instruments. Results:: Recently much research has demonstrated that even after cochlear implant operation, a child cannot acquire language to the same level of detail as a normal child. As a result of this study music could compensate this developmental delay .It is known that the greater the area of the brain that is activated, the more synaptic learning and plasticity changes occur in that specific area. According to the principles of neural plasticity, music could improve language skills by activating the same areas for language processing in the brain. Conclusion: : In conclusion, the effects of music on the human brain seem to be very promising and therapeutic in various types of disorders and conditions, including cochlear implantation.

This article is from Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology , volume 25 . Abstract Introduction:: In recent years, music has been employed in many intervention and rehabilitation program to enhance cognitive abilities in patients. Numerous researches show that music therapy can help improving language skills in patients including hearing impaired. In this study, a new method of music training is introduced based on principles of neuroscience and capabilities of Persian language to optimize language development in deaf children after implantation. Materials and Methods:: The candidate children are classified in three groups according to their hearing age and language development. The music training program is established and centered on four principles, as follows: hearing and listening to music (with special attention to boost hearing), singing, rhythmic movements with music and playing musical instruments. Results:: Recently much research has demonstrated that even after cochlear implant operation, a child cannot acquire language to the same level of detail as a normal child. As a result of this study music could compensate this developmental delay .It is known that the greater the area of the brain that is activated, the more synaptic learning and plasticity changes occur in that specific area. According to the principles of neural plasticity, music could improve language skills by activating the same areas for language processing in the brain. Conclusion: : In conclusion, the effects of music on the human brain seem to be very promising and therapeutic in various types of disorders and conditions, including cochlear implantation.

This article is from Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology , volume 25 . Abstract Introduction:: In recent years, music has been employed in many intervention and rehabilitation program to enhance cognitive abilities in patients. Numerous researches show that music therapy can help improving language skills in patients including hearing impaired. In this study, a new method of music training is introduced based on principles of neuroscience and capabilities of Persian language to optimize language development in deaf children after implantation. Materials and Methods:: The candidate children are classified in three groups according to their hearing age and language development. The music training program is established and centered on four principles, as follows: hearing and listening to music (with special attention to boost hearing), singing, rhythmic movements with music and playing musical instruments. Results:: Recently much research has demonstrated that even after cochlear implant operation, a child cannot acquire language to the same level of detail as a normal child. As a result of this study music could compensate this developmental delay .It is known that the greater the area of the brain that is activated, the more synaptic learning and plasticity changes occur in that specific area. According to the principles of neural plasticity, music could improve language skills by activating the same areas for language processing in the brain. Conclusion: : In conclusion, the effects of music on the human brain seem to be very promising and therapeutic in various types of disorders and conditions, including cochlear implantation.

This article is from Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology , volume 25 . Abstract Introduction:: In recent years, music has been employed in many intervention and rehabilitation program to enhance cognitive abilities in patients. Numerous researches show that music therapy can help improving language skills in patients including hearing impaired. In this study, a new method of music training is introduced based on principles of neuroscience and capabilities of Persian language to optimize language development in deaf children after implantation. Materials and Methods:: The candidate children are classified in three groups according to their hearing age and language development. The music training program is established and centered on four principles, as follows: hearing and listening to music (with special attention to boost hearing), singing, rhythmic movements with music and playing musical instruments. Results:: Recently much research has demonstrated that even after cochlear implant operation, a child cannot acquire language to the same level of detail as a normal child. As a result of this study music could compensate this developmental delay .It is known that the greater the area of the brain that is activated, the more synaptic learning and plasticity changes occur in that specific area. According to the principles of neural plasticity, music could improve language skills by activating the same areas for language processing in the brain. Conclusion: : In conclusion, the effects of music on the human brain seem to be very promising and therapeutic in various types of disorders and conditions, including cochlear implantation.

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Approved For Release 2003/06/1 62AO00100010005-7 WIP i 25X1A 25X1A t ructions 25X1A Approved For Release 2003/06/1: PNMWJJAA < 00100010005-7 Approved For Release 2003/064 er Of up"Mw tests At* and high frofic"My mftq to Vow standards u4 govere-I senc4 and 25X1A RbP78-04302A000100010005-7 aptitude Its. n a aptitude tests the erxtmn- a a1 4 or the 25X1A Approved For Release 2003I061 ,. CiP78-04302A000100010005-7 Approved For Rele,as 2003/06/10 : CIA-RRP78-04302A0001 @'0010005-7 -now 25X1A 7 - - farOQ0449 e ems_ E me t M04 on 040h of um ;now uau NO amAgh of Ow S,,..:. # the stance Vw may need Ln m Approved For Release 2003/06/10 : CIA-RDP78-04302A000100010005-7

Approved For MIease 2003/06/10: CIA-RDP78-0430200100010008-4 N F I D CONFIDENTIAL Chief, Language and ber 1956 25X1 of. Plans and Policy Staff COC (a REV 01TE~.3 _ E Language Development Program c ma c w _IICal TY:'@ 2.. ORIG CLt4 S M_ R.Y CLVSS C. JUST ZZ N.'--XT REV ,G.OI Q AU-NI HR 10.2 second meeting on 21 December 1956. the Committee el cuhhouf lg Language Devopmentonclded tat te grp oanuages for d purposes, as contained in your informal proposal, would refit min inequalities to the individual in view of the relative the languages in some cases and to the Agency in since the criterion of need by the Agency would be difficult to apply. betical check- tuages contained on Forms DS -1134 and DS-1134a, dill"d III August 1956. tae forms, subjects: "Self-Appraisal of l angua a Phro iciency" and "Self-Appraisal of Interpreting and Proficiency",, are currently in use by the Department of Staft. Committee would like your recommendations on each of the 87 wages listed as to which, of how many Groups A, B, C, D, ., eatft language should be placed in considering; first, the relative difUculty of the language and, second, your general estimate 's need for numbers of people with proficiency in the law- age, The Committee feels that the interaction of these two s mid easily place a relatively simple language in a language group ining a higher awardable proficiency than would normally be Ahia~ se if only the factor of relative difficulty were considered. p Hungarian, which now falls in Group A, could conceiv- . placed in Group or Group C temporarily considering the AN* of Agency need and the small number of people available who have useable proficiency in it. viewpoint; will you kindly provide your rating es along side each language on the checklist Approved For Release 20~3i0~6/ ~O : CI`Aa @W-T4U 601000100a8-4 Approved For RL1ea e ("Wi0EI -f'17A 14"302Ab00100010008-4 on so that I C" use it 1957, 25X1A CONFIDENTIAL Approved For Release 2003/06/10 : CIA-RDP78-04302A000100010008-4

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'I. Report of the Committee of Parliament on official language.,II. Annual Assessment Report (2005-06) regarding programme for accelerating the spread and development of Hindi. (16-May-2007)' from the RS Debates Digital Library

One strategy for machine-aided indexing (MAI) is to provide a concept-level analysis of the textual elements of documents or document abstracts. In such systems, natural-language phrases are analyzed in order to identify and classify concepts related to a particular subject domain. The overall performance of these MAI systems is largely dependent on the quality and comprehensiveness of their knowledge bases. These knowledge bases function to (1) define the relations between a controlled indexing vocabulary and natural language expressions; (2) provide a simple mechanism for disambiguation and the determination of relevancy; and (3) allow the extension of concept-hierarchical structure to all elements of the knowledge file. After a brief description of the NASA Machine-Aided Indexing system, concerns related to the development and maintenance of MAI knowledge bases are discussed. Particular emphasis is given to statistically-based text analysis tools designed to aid the knowledge base developer. One such tool, the Knowledge Base Building (KBB) program, presents the domain expert with a well-filtered list of synonyms and conceptually-related phrases for each thesaurus concept. Another tool, the Knowledge Base Maintenance (KBM) program, functions to identify areas of the knowledge base affected by changes in the conceptual domain (for example, the addition of a new thesaurus term). An alternate use of the KBM as an aid in thesaurus construction is also discussed.

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220 Seiten :

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Source: Digital Library of India Scanning Centre: Allama Iqbal Library, University of Kashmir Source Library: Allam Iqbal Library Kashmir University Date Accessioned: 9/22/2015 20:21 The Digital Library of India was a project under the auspices of the Government of India.

Source: Digital Library of India Scanning Centre: Allama Iqbal Library, University of Kashmir Source Library: Allam Iqbal Library Kashmir University Date Accessioned: 9/22/2015 20:21 The Digital Library of India was a project under the auspices of the Government of India.

Astronomy is entering in a new era of Extreme Intensive Data Computation and we have identified three major issues the new generation of projects have to face: Resource optimization, Heterogeneous Software Ecosystem and Data Transfer. We propose in this article a middleware solution offering a very modular and maintainable system for data analysis. As computations must be designed and described by specialists in astronomy, we aim at defining a friendly specific programming language to enable coding of astrophysical problems abstracted from any computer science specific issues. This way we expect substantial benefits in computing capabilities in data analysis. As a first development using our solution, we propose a cross-matching service for the Taiwan Extragalactic Astronomical Data Center.

Astronomy is entering in a new era of Extreme Intensive Data Computation and we have identified three major issues the new generation of projects have to face: Resource optimization, Heterogeneous Software Ecosystem and Data Transfer. We propose in this article a middleware solution offering a very modular and maintainable system for data analysis. As computations must be designed and described by specialists in astronomy, we aim at defining a friendly specific programming language to enable coding of astrophysical problems abstracted from any computer science specific issues. This way we expect substantial benefits in computing capabilities in data analysis. As a first development using our solution, we propose a cross-matching service for the Taiwan Extragalactic Astronomical Data Center.

Document number CIA-RDP83B00823R000600260064-4 declassified and released through the CIA's CREST database. Previously available only on four computers located outside of Washington D.C., the Agency was successfully pressured into putting the files online as a result of a MuckRock lawsuit and the efforts of Emma Best. The metadata was collected by Data.World, and the files are now being archived and made text searchable by the Internet Archive.

Bell System Technical Journal, 57: 6. July-August 1978 pp 2155-2175. UNIX Time-Sharing System: Language Development Tools. (Johnson, S.C.; Lesk, M.E.)

Bell System Technical Journal, 57: 6. July-August 1978 pp 2155-2175. UNIX Time-Sharing System: Language Development Tools. (Johnson, S.C.; Lesk, M.E.)

Binder's title: Laws of language

This article is from BMC Health Services Research , volume 14 . Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a brief quantitative five-language measure of involvement and satisfaction in clinical decision-making (CDIS) – with versions for patients (CDIS-P) and staff (CDIS-S) – for use in mental health services. Methods: An English CDIS was developed by reviewing existing measures, focus groups, semistructured interviews and piloting. Translations into Danish, German, Hungarian and Italian followed the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) Task Force principles of good practice for translation and cultural adaptation. Psychometricevaluation involved testing the measure in secondary mental health services in Aalborg, Debrecen, London, Naples, Ulm and Zurich. Results: After appraising 14 measures, the Control Preference Scale and Satisfaction With Decision-making English-language scales were modified and evaluated in interviews (n = 9), focus groups (n = 22) and piloting (n = 16). Translations were validated through focus groups (n = 38) and piloting (n = 61). A total of 443 service users and 403 paired staff completed CDIS. The Satisfaction sub-scale had internal consistency of 0.89 (0.86-0.89 after item-level deletion) for staff and 0.90 (0.87-0.90) for service users, both continuous and categorical (utility) versions were associated with symptomatology and both staff-rated and service userrated therapeutic alliance (showing convergent validity), and not with social disability (showing divergent validity), and satisfaction predicted staff-rated (OR 2.43, 95%CI 1.54- 3.83 continuous, OR 5.77, 95%CI 1.90-17.53 utility) and service user-rated (OR 2.21, 95%CI 1.51-3.23 continuous, OR 3.13, 95%CI 1.10-8.94 utility) decision implementation two months later. The Involvement sub-scale had appropriate distribution and no floor or ceiling effects, was associated with stage of recovery, functioning and quality of life (staff only) (showing convergent validity), and not with symptomatology or social disability (showing divergent validity), and staff-rated passive involvement by the service user predicted implementation (OR 3.55, 95%CI 1.53-8.24). Relationships remained after adjusting for clustering by staff. Conclusions: CDIS demonstrates adequate internal consistency, no evidence of item redundancy, appropriate distribution, and face, content, convergent, divergent and predictive validity. It can be recommended for research and clinical use. CDIS-P and CDIS-S in all 3 five languages can be downloaded at http://www.cedar-net.eu/instruments. Trial registration: ISRCTN75841675.