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To facilitate effective small unit command, control, and communication (C3) performance, the U.S. Army Armor Center is currently assessing the benefits of including an automated C3 display, the Intervehicular Information System (IVIS), in the upgraded Block II M1 Abrams tank. IVIS is a computer-based distributed information management system proposed to improve lower echelon C3 performance. In support of this effort, the U.S. Army Research Institute Field Unit-Fort Knox and its Simulation Based Assessment of Automated Command, Control, and Communication Capabilities for Armor Crews and Platoons: The Intervehicular Information System. The IVIS evaluation compared the performance of tank crews and platoons using a prototype IVIS with the performance of crews and platoons using conventional C3 and navigation tools. The research was conducted early in the IVIS materiel acquisition process and evaluated the IVIS concept as represented in reconfigured Simulation Network- Developmental (SIMNET-D) M1 simulators. The evaluation included (a) an assessment of the tank crew and platoon performance effects of IVIS; (b) an examination of the unique training requirements of IVIS; and (c) an evaluation of soldier use of, and reactions to, the IVIS soldier machine interface (SMI).

Pilot study for the next state of the project, which will be to examine asymmetric biases in directed forgetting of positive and negative information misinformation about Trump and Obama. Prior to conducting directed forgetting experiments, we need to measure the degree to which our proposed misinformation is perceived as positive or negative. To do so, we will ask political partisans to indicate the degree to which they perceive positive statements ostensibly about either Trump or Obama as positive, and we will ask them to indicate the degree to which they perceive negative statements ostensibly about either Trump or Obama as negative. This information will inform our pairing and randomization of stimuli in future studies.

Pilot study for the next state of the project, which will be to examine asymmetric biases in directed forgetting of positive and negative information misinformation about Trump and Obama. Prior to conducting directed forgetting experiments, we need to measure the degree to which our proposed misinformation is perceived as positive or negative. To do so, we will ask political partisans to indicate the degree to which they perceive positive statements ostensibly about either Trump or Obama as positive, and we will ask them to indicate the degree to which they perceive negative statements ostensibly about either Trump or Obama as negative. This information will inform our pairing and randomization of stimuli in future studies.

Pilot study for the next state of the project, which will be to examine asymmetric biases in directed forgetting of positive and negative information misinformation about Trump and Obama. Prior to conducting directed forgetting experiments, we need to measure the degree to which our proposed misinformation is perceived as positive or negative. To do so, we will ask political partisans to indicate the degree to which they perceive positive statements ostensibly about either Trump or Obama as positive, and we will ask them to indicate the degree to which they perceive negative statements ostensibly about either Trump or Obama as negative. This information will inform our pairing and randomization of stimuli in future studies.

The process of analyzing and designing contemporary information systems is a complex one. Models of proposed system designs can be extremely helpful in determining their behavior prior to the expenditure of manpower, dollars and time on unsatisfactorily performing systems. The goal of this research was to investigate simulation methodologies and language capabilities which could ease model synthesis and analysis efforts in support of system analysis and design. This research focused specifically on data base subsystems and on satisfaction of user performance requirements. An integral part of the research was the modeling of a complex information system architecture to test the appropriateness of the information processing system simulator design facility (IPSS) as a design tool. This document describes the investigative and modeling efforts and reports on the following conclusions: IPSS is a useful tool for modeling in a topdown, modular manner complex information system architectures, and the proposed new capabilities would significantly reduce modeling efforts. (Author)

The process of analyzing and designing contemporary information systems is a complex one. Models of proposed system designs can be extremely helpful in determining their behavior prior to the expenditure of manpower, dollars and time on unsatisfactorily performing systems. The goal of this research was to investigate simulation methodologies and language capabilities which could ease model synthesis and analysis efforts in support of system analysis and design. This research focused specifically on data base subsystems and on satisfaction of user performance requirements. An integral part of the research was the modeling of a complex information system architecture to test the appropriateness of the information processing system simulator design facility (IPSS) as a design tool. This document describes the investigative and modeling efforts and reports on the following conclusions: IPSS is a useful tool for modeling in a topdown, modular manner complex information system architectures, and the proposed new capabilities would significantly reduce modeling efforts. (Author)

This research assessed the impact of Building Information Modeling (BIM) implementation on construction projects according to six primary key performance indicators (KPIs) commonly used in the construction industry as accepted metrics for assessing project performance. These include: quality control (rework), on-time completion, cost, safety (lost man-hours), dollars/unit (square feet) performed, and units (square feet) per man hour. In the first research phase, data was collected through a survey instrument intended to assess practitioners' perceptions about the impact of BIM on the six KPIs. Three iterations of the survey were conducted and it was determined that the highest ranking KPIs in order of most favorable responses were quality control, on time completion, and units per man hour. The second tier of favorable responses included overall cost and cost per unit. In this second phase of research, projects were evaluated through interviews and case studies on-site at two U.S. Army Corps of Engineer (USACE) Districts in Seattle, WA and Louisville, KY to determine their KPIs through embedded research. In the third phase of research, quantitative results were gathered from the USACE construction productivity database interface: the Resident Management System (RMS). Subsequently the pilot projects were compared to a control dataset consisting of similar facilities across the USACE using traditional approaches through benchmarks aligned with metrics similar to the KPIs used in the surveys. Both BIM-based projects demonstrated statistically significant (favorable and unfavorable) performance differences when compared to the control dataset. Finally, an evaluation tool was developed and validated for implementing a construction productivity measurement system to supplement existing procedures suitable for evaluating construction productivity differences on BIM-based projects.

Given the long follow-up periods that are often required for treatment or intervention studies, the potential to use surrogate markers to decrease the required follow-up time is a very attractive goal. However, previous studies have shown that using inadequate markers or making inappropriate assumptions about the relationship between the primary outcome and surrogate marker can lead to inaccurate conclusions regarding the treatment effect. Currently available methods for identifying and validating surrogate markers tend to rely on restrictive model assumptions and/or focus on uncensored outcomes. The ability to use such methods in practice when the primary outcome of interest is a time-to-event outcome is difficult due to censoring and missing surrogate information among those who experience the primary outcome before surrogate marker measurement. In this paper, we propose a novel definition of the proportion of treatment effect explained by surrogate information collected up to a specified time in the setting of a time-to-event primary outcome. Our proposed approach accommodates a setting where individuals may experience the primary outcome before the surrogate marker is measured. We propose a robust nonparametric procedure to estimate the defined quantity using censored data and use a perturbation-resampling procedure for variance estimation. Simulation studies demonstrate that the proposed procedures perform well in finite samples. We illustrate the proposed procedures by investigating two potential surrogate markers for diabetes using data from the Diabetes Prevention Program.

Includes bibliographical references (p. 41-43)

Guaranteeing the security of information transmitted through the Internet, against passive or active attacks, is a major concern. The discovery of new pseudo-random number generators with a strong level of security is a field of research in full expansion, due to the fact that numerous cryptosystems and data hiding schemes are directly dependent on the quality of these generators. At the conference Internet`09, we described a generator based on chaotic iterations which behaves chaotically as defined by Devaney. In this paper which is an extension of the work presented at the conference Internet`10, the proposal is to improve the speed, the security, and the evaluation of this generator, to make its use more relevant in the Internet security context. In order to do so, a comparative study between various generators is carried out and statistical results are improved. Finally, an application in the information hiding framework is presented with details, to give an illustrative example of the use of such a generator in the Internet security field.

As conversational AI becomes more prevalent in educational, professional and personal settings, understanding how people evaluate information from these agents has significant implications for various areas of research. The objective of this study is to investigate whether our level of trust is affected by (1) the source of information (human vs. AI) and (2) how the information is presented (explicitly vs. implicitly).

Measures of information in censored models are developed by adapting measures of dependence between the lifetime variable and the observed variable. Some common notions of bivariate dependence and coefficients of divergence are used to derive these classes of measures. It is shown that most of the measures of bivariate dependence have the fundamental property that as censoring decreases stochastically, the information increases. An exception occurs when dependence is defined in terms of association. Conditions under which the coefficients of divergence enjoy the fundamental property are established. (Author)

In this study, researchers evaluate a homework exercise assigned before a standalone information literacy session. Students in a Master of Education program completed a worksheet using the ERIC database thesaurus. The researchers conducted pre- and posttests within a single library session to assess student learning, using a control group for comparison. The treatment group did not demonstrate better thesaurus skills than students who had regular library instruction alone, but results pointed the way to targeted improvements of pre-session learning materials. This approach could inform other information literacy homework applications such as flipping the classroom.

In this study, researchers evaluate a homework exercise assigned before a standalone information literacy session. Students in a Master of Education program completed a worksheet using the ERIC database thesaurus. The researchers conducted pre- and posttests within a single library session to assess student learning, using a control group for comparison. The treatment group did not demonstrate better thesaurus skills than students who had regular library instruction alone, but results pointed the way to targeted improvements of pre-session learning materials. This approach could inform other information literacy homework applications such as flipping the classroom.

This pre-registration contains details about a study concerning populist language and processing fluency. We include our rationale, hypotheses, procedure, and plan for analysis.

This lecture series presents the current state-of-the-art of evaluating information centres and services both from a theoretical and practical perspective. Case studies are used to demonstrate successful evaluation projects from different countries and to focus on specific evaluation methods and measures. In addition to providing a thorough basis for determining the most appropriate evaluation methods and measures for a given situation and potential problems that can arise in using them, the presentations include discussions of what to do once the evaluation is done. It proposes various strategies for altering the centres and services so that effectiveness is improved; in so doing, it covers political, organizational and practical aspects of evaluation projects so that evaluation is seen from its broader contextual location. Partial contents: Evaluating the effectiveness of information use; Measures, methods and models employed in evaluating the effectiveness of information centres and services with European example; Evaluating the performance of information centre staff and of information centre operations and services; Evaluating for information centre planning. NATO-furnished.

This study evaluates the relative performance of (1) binary similarity coefficients, (2) dissimilarity measures, and (3) diversity indices, calculated for three sampling methods, in detecting changes in fish communities associated with two dike fields on the Mississippi River. Dike field fish communities were sampled ans ecaluated for five hydrologic seasons, based on water temperature and flow velocities, and were found to be least similar during high-water low-temperature conditions. During the evaluation, the information derived from electroshocking was the most representative when compared with hoop net and seine information. Of the three families of community information measures, binary similarity coefficients proved to be the most sensitive indicators of change in dike field fish communities. It was further found that measures based on species presence/absence represent a valid alternative methor for characterizing change in community structure. This is especialy true when species abundance data are highly variable, which is the case in many fisheries assessments.

This study evaluates the relative performance of (1) binary similarity coefficients, (2) dissimilarity measures, and (3) diversity indices, calculated for three sampling methods, in detecting changes in fish communities associated with two dike fields on the Mississippi River. Dike field fish communities were sampled ans ecaluated for five hydrologic seasons, based on water temperature and flow velocities, and were found to be least similar during high-water low-temperature conditions. During the evaluation, the information derived from electroshocking was the most representative when compared with hoop net and seine information. Of the three families of community information measures, binary similarity coefficients proved to be the most sensitive indicators of change in dike field fish communities. It was further found that measures based on species presence/absence represent a valid alternative methor for characterizing change in community structure. This is especialy true when species abundance data are highly variable, which is the case in many fisheries assessments.

Data from the DLR Earth Sensing Imaging Spectrometer (DESIS), mounted on the International Space Station (ISS), were used to develop and test algorithms for remotely retrieving ecosystem productivity. Twenty DESIS images were used from three widely separated forested study sites representing deciduous and conifer forests. Gross primary production (GPP) values from eddy covariance flux towers at the sites were matched with DESIS spectral reflectances collected on the same days. Multiple algorithms were successful relating spectral reflectance with GPP, including: spectral vegetation indices (SVI) sensitive to chlorophyll content, SVI used in a photosynthetic light-use efficiency model framework, spectral shape characteristics through spectral derivatives and absorption feature analysis, and statistical models leading to multiband hyperspectral indices from partial least squares regression. Successful algorithms were able to achieve R2 better than 0.7 using a diverse set of observations combining data from different sites from multiple years and at multiple times during the year. The demonstrated robustness of the algorithms provides some confidence in using DESIS imagery to map spatial patterns of GPP.

Data from the DLR Earth Sensing Imaging Spectrometer (DESIS), mounted on the International Space Station (ISS), were used to develop and test algorithms for remotely retrieving ecosystem productivity. Twenty DESIS images were used from three widely separated forested study sites representing deciduous and conifer forests. Gross primary production (GPP) values from eddy covariance flux towers at the sites were matched with DESIS spectral reflectances collected on the same days. Multiple algorithms were successful relating spectral reflectance with GPP, including: spectral vegetation indices (SVI) sensitive to chlorophyll content, SVI used in a photosynthetic light-use efficiency model framework, spectral shape characteristics through spectral derivatives and absorption feature analysis, and statistical models leading to multiband hyperspectral indices from partial least squares regression. Successful algorithms were able to achieve R2 better than 0.7 using a diverse set of observations combining data from different sites from multiple years and at multiple times during the year. The demonstrated robustness of the algorithms provides some confidence in using DESIS imagery to map spatial patterns of GPP.

Data from the DLR Earth Sensing Imaging Spectrometer (DESIS), mounted on the International Space Station (ISS), were used to develop and test algorithms for remotely retrieving ecosystem productivity. Twenty DESIS images were used from three widely separated forested study sites representing deciduous and conifer forests. Gross primary production (GPP) values from eddy covariance flux towers at the sites were matched with DESIS spectral reflectances collected on the same days. Multiple algorithms were successful relating spectral reflectance with GPP, including: spectral vegetation indices (SVI) sensitive to chlorophyll content, SVI used in a photosynthetic light-use efficiency model framework, spectral shape characteristics through spectral derivatives and absorption feature analysis, and statistical models leading to multiband hyperspectral indices from partial least squares regression. Successful algorithms were able to achieve R2 better than 0.7 using a diverse set of observations combining data from different sites from multiple years and at multiple times during the year. The demonstrated robustness of the algorithms provides some confidence in using DESIS imagery to map spatial patterns of GPP.

Evaluating a Nation (AFIF 18) is a short Cold War film from 1951 on how the U.S. evaluates the strength and security of a nation (in terms of susceptibility to Soviet influence), based on that country’s geography, climate, natural resources, and population. The film opens with footage of fighting during World War II, Adolf Hitler, and a shot of the United Nations builidng in New York City. Members of the U.N. General Assembly gather in one of the building’s halls. Italian citizens vote in an election (01:31). This is followed by footage of what appears to be Italian soldiers or police attacking civilians in the streets. People walk by Greece’s Athenian Acropolis. Nazi paratroopers drop into Greece. Chinese streets are crowded with people and goods. Spain’s Francisco Franco waves to supporters. The film discusses the different aspects the U.S. considers when evaluating a nation and then uses Czechoslovakia as a case study for the process. Czech men cut grain and load it onto a truck (05:44). The film shows viewers some shots of the country’s urban areas (streets and buildings). Coal miners toil in a mine (06:27). A religious procession moves through a street (06:43). Nazi forces march into Czechoslovakia (07:15). The film then shows the portrait of Professor Karl Haushofer (10:52), a German general, geographer, and politician. A crowd of Nazi sympathizers gather to hear Hitler speak (11:06). The film shows viewers quick shots of other Nazi leaders speaking, including Hess, Goering, Frank, Goebbels, Dietrich, Todt, Reinhardt, and Darre. U.S. military equipment—such as artillery guns—is shipped to countries in eastern Europe (13:25). U.S. General Omar Bradley and several other generals stand around a globe. An aerial view shows the North Pole (15:35), one of the new battlegrounds between the post-war superpowers. U.S. troops parachute out of a plane. Men ski down snowy hills. The film shows Moscow’s Red Square and a military parade featuring tanks (16:23) and soldiers; Stalin presides over the parade. We encourage viewers to add comments and, especially, to provide additional information about our videos by adding a comment!  See something interesting?  Tell people what it is and what they can see by writing something for example: "01:00:12:00 -- President Roosevelt is seen meeting with Winston Churchill at the Quebec Conference." This film is part of the Periscope Film LLC archive, one of the largest historic military, transportation, and aviation stock footage collections in the USA. Entirely film backed, this material is available for licensing in 24p HD, 2k and 4k. For more information visit http://www.PeriscopeFilm.com

Evaluating a Nation (AFIF 18) is a short Cold War film from 1951 on how the U.S. evaluates the strength and security of a nation (in terms of susceptibility to Soviet influence), based on that country’s geography, climate, natural resources, and population. The film opens with footage of fighting during World War II, Adolf Hitler, and a shot of the United Nations builidng in New York City. Members of the U.N. General Assembly gather in one of the building’s halls. Italian citizens vote in an election (01:31). This is followed by footage of what appears to be Italian soldiers or police attacking civilians in the streets. People walk by Greece’s Athenian Acropolis. Nazi paratroopers drop into Greece. Chinese streets are crowded with people and goods. Spain’s Francisco Franco waves to supporters. The film discusses the different aspects the U.S. considers when evaluating a nation and then uses Czechoslovakia as a case study for the process. Czech men cut grain and load it onto a truck (05:44). The film shows viewers some shots of the country’s urban areas (streets and buildings). Coal miners toil in a mine (06:27). A religious procession moves through a street (06:43). Nazi forces march into Czechoslovakia (07:15). The film then shows the portrait of Professor Karl Haushofer (10:52), a German general, geographer, and politician. A crowd of Nazi sympathizers gather to hear Hitler speak (11:06). The film shows viewers quick shots of other Nazi leaders speaking, including Hess, Goering, Frank, Goebbels, Dietrich, Todt, Reinhardt, and Darre. U.S. military equipment—such as artillery guns—is shipped to countries in eastern Europe (13:25). U.S. General Omar Bradley and several other generals stand around a globe. An aerial view shows the North Pole (15:35), one of the new battlegrounds between the post-war superpowers. U.S. troops parachute out of a plane. Men ski down snowy hills. The film shows Moscow’s Red Square and a military parade featuring tanks (16:23) and soldiers; Stalin presides over the parade. We encourage viewers to add comments and, especially, to provide additional information about our videos by adding a comment!  See something interesting?  Tell people what it is and what they can see by writing something for example: "01:00:12:00 -- President Roosevelt is seen meeting with Winston Churchill at the Quebec Conference." This film is part of the Periscope Film LLC archive, one of the largest historic military, transportation, and aviation stock footage collections in the USA. Entirely film backed, this material is available for licensing in 24p HD, 2k and 4k. For more information visit http://www.PeriscopeFilm.com

Purpose:  The current research examines the impact of customization and information richness strategies on customer trust and purchase intention on e-commerce websites, as well as the moderating role of business intelligence in these processes. Methodology:  His research is applied in its purpose and correlational in its method. The statistical population consisted of buyers from the Digikala and TechnoLife websites. The minimum sample size based on structural equation modeling sampling methods was 375 individuals, and a sample of 385 buyers from these websites was collected. Data collection was done using a questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability, convergent validity (extracted variance), and discriminant validity (Fornell-Larcker criterion and HTMT ratio). Statistical analyses were conducted using Smart PLS 4 software and the PLS-SEM approach. Findings:  The results indicated that trust positively affects purchase intention, and service customization influences purchase intention through trust. Information richness also affects purchase intention both directly and through trust. Business intelligence had a negative impact on the relationship between service customization and trust but did not have a significant effect on the relationship between information richness and trust. Originality/Value:  This refers to the work you are doing from your perspective, even though you may support your arguments with research conducted by others.

Corruption has been a worldwide issue in the contemporary world today. Many parts the world including Kenya is affected by corruption. Many writers and critics have shown that it's spreading at a very high rate just like HIV/AIDS and environmental degradation. They have noted that corruption is caused by the following factors: poor governance, political patronage, erosion of social norms, poor enforcement of laws, tribalism, nepotism, weak management system among others. These have implicated Kenyan economy negatively. The consequences include: negative international image, increased poverty, social unrest, unemployment, under development, poor medical services. It's because of its high negative magnitude that the researcher south to find out whether Kiswahili set book of "Mstahiki Meya" is disseminating correct strategies of fighting corruption in the young generation preparing them for future life. The objectives of the study were: To determine the themes of corruption in "Mstahiki Meya" Swahili play set book and to evaluate the impact of disseminating information in learners on fighting corruption. The set book "Mstahiki Meya" was sampled by purposive sampling technique. It was then analyzed to identify the themes of corruption through ordinary words. More so a questionnaire was given randomly to sampled 50 secondary students to collect their views on the illustration in the play book impacted their views on way of fighting through school setting via education.

This monograph reviews and synthesizes highlights from relevant writings on evaluation and suggests interpretations and applications for practitioners who plan and conduct various types of educational programs for adults. It suggests that planning and conducting effective educational programs for adults entails contributions by various stakeholders including participants, instructors, coordinators, policymakers, and funders. Concepts, procedures, and examples from evaluation reports are used to represent eight aspects: needs, context, goals, staffing, participation, programs, materials, and outcomes. Many evaluations focus on just one or two of these aspects. Conducting a program evaluation entails many decisions that can be grouped into eight broad action guidelines. The guidelines pertain to purpose, stakeholders, planning, coordination, sources, data collection, analysis, and utilization. Many examples contain enough detail to portray the actual evaluation project and not just illustrate a guideline. Readers can use this overview to clarify basic evaluation concepts and procedures, locate publications likely to provide detailed assistance, and use suggested guidelines to conduct evaluations on selected program aspects of interest. Selecting a program on which to focus should entail selecting an issue of importance, being responsive to stakeholder interest, and considering available expertise and resources for evaluation. (Contains 113 references.) (SK)

Disruptive Media Learning Lab / Coventry University http://dmll.org.uk/ Twitter: @disrupt_learn License: Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)

Approved For Release 2005/08/03 : CIA-R SECRET Director Intelligence Community'S wasnington. D.C 20505 "6 9 AUG 1985 D/ICS-85-7651 MEMORANDUM FOR: Mr. Kenneth E. deGraff enreid Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for National Security Affairs SUBJECT: NSDD on Evaluating the Protection of Sensitive Information at Official United States Facilities Abroad (C) 1. Attached is the Director of Central Intelligence-approved version of the subject NSDD, based upon meetings with conferees from the CIA, NSA and Department of State. Also attached is a spread sheet displaying the DCI draft, the Department of State's proposed rewrite and the National Security (C) Agency's comments on the DCI draft. CIA has concurred in the DCI version. 2. Review of these items leads to the following conclusions (U): a. The State rewrite would make the DCI the operating official for the "tiger teams." It seems more appropriate for NSA to carry out this function, as originally proposed. (S) b. The DCI draft provides the basis for NSA not only to perform the tiger team function, but also to conduct testing and analysis of technical penetrations found in information processing equipment and to perform R&D on technical penetration. (S) c. The DCI draft provides for appropriate coordination of these functions and for the use of established organizational mechanisms and policies under DCI authority. It designates the Technical Surveillance Countermeasures Subcommittee (TSCS), chartered by the DCI to coordinate Community efforts to counter technical penetration, as the coordinating mechanism. NSA's Systems Security Steering Group, which is concerned with computer security, is not the appropriate body to perform this function. The TSCS-formulated Procedural Guides provide policy guidance on counter- intelligence considerations as well as technical aspects of penetration "finds." (S) d. Central coordination of the testing of finds is extremely important, because there are analytical facilities in CIA, FBI, and in DOE laboratories which have been performing such analysis, in addition to the capability NSA proposes to establish. (S) OS REGIS Approved For Release 2005/08/03 SC eDP8713410 00060 020001-7 LIX4 -77Y .7 IL 25X1 Approved For Release 2005/08/03 : CIA-RDP87BO1034R000600020001-7 SECRET SUBJECT: NSDD on Evaluating the Protection of Sensitive Information at Official United States Facilities Abroad (C) e. Paragraph 5e of the DCI draft has been modified to clarify the requirement that NSA provide instructors, as well as information, to the Interagency Training Center. Qualified teachers, as well as information, are needed to overcome the lack of understanding of the offensive state-of-the-art cited by NSA representatives as a shortcoming of the current TSCM program. (S) f. The DCI draft appropriately recognizes thee authorities of the Secretary of State and provides for the Secretary's approval of and participation in activities of the evaluation teams. (S) 3. The analysis above indicates that this draft has accommodated, to the extent' possible without distorting existing DCI policies and responsibilities, the input of State and NSA. (S) Eloise R. Page Acting Director Attachments: A. DCI Draft NSDD B. Spread Sheet 2 SECRET Approved For Release 2005/08/03 : CIA-RDP87BO1034R000600020001-7

This is a foundation for a protocol which provides a systematic and repeatable method for evaluating the effectiveness of an information visualisation. It is aimed at assessing people’s understanding of visualised information that shows uncertainty. The demonstrator case is visualisations of COVID-19 vaccination effectiveness. This protocol was created in a thesis project for the Bachelor of Advanced Computing degree at the University of Sydney.

Internet information resources are proliferating at an astonishing rate, however, very little of that information is of high quality. Educators are in need of instruments to assist in evaluating information quality, which is the goal of a project underway at The University of Georgia. This paper is a progress report on the project to develop such a set of criteria and standards. Indicators of information and web site quality were identified, classified within eleven criterion categories, and rated in terms of importance by a panel of experts on Internet resources. Criterion categories used were: (1) site access and usability; (2) resource identification and documentation; (3) author identification; (4) authority of author; (5) information structure and design; (6) relevance and scope of content; (7) validity of content; (8) accuracy and balance of content; (9) navigation within document; (10) quality of the links; and (11) aesthetic and affective aspects. The highest rated indicators of information quality will provide the framework for a set of instruments and procedures for the evaluation of Internet information resources. Along with the information quality indicators, highly rated indicators of site quality are used to provide design guidelines for the developers of Internet information resources. (Author/SWC)

Internet information resources are proliferating at an astonishing rate, however, very little of that information is of high quality. Educators are in need of instruments to assist in evaluating information quality, which is the goal of a project underway at The University of Georgia. This paper is a progress report on the project to develop such a set of criteria and standards. Indicators of information and web site quality were identified, classified within eleven criterion categories, and rated in terms of importance by a panel of experts on Internet resources. Criterion categories used were: (1) site access and usability; (2) resource identification and documentation; (3) author identification; (4) authority of author; (5) information structure and design; (6) relevance and scope of content; (7) validity of content; (8) accuracy and balance of content; (9) navigation within document; (10) quality of the links; and (11) aesthetic and affective aspects. The highest rated indicators of information quality will provide the framework for a set of instruments and procedures for the evaluation of Internet information resources. Along with the information quality indicators, highly rated indicators of site quality are used to provide design guidelines for the developers of Internet information resources. (Author/SWC)

One of 33 self-paced instructional modules categorized under 13 major headings, which have been prepared for training industry services leaders to provide guidance in the performance of industry service tasks, this module is an introduction for those who need basic information about the concepts and activities of industry services programs. (Industry services are tasks performed by a public agency or institution, directly related to manpower development for new and expanding private industry.) Seven learning activities cover various aspects of industry services and industry services programs. (The titles of the 13 major categories of Industry Services Leadership Development (ISLD) Modules are (1) Orientation to Industry Services, (2) Establishing Contacts and Relationships, (3) Obtaining Agreements, (4) Identifying Training Needs, (5) Acquiring Resources, (6) Training Instructors for Industry Services, (7) Preparing for Training, (8) Preparing Training Materials, (9) Selecting Candidates, (10) Monitoring Training Programs, (11) Closing Training Programs, (12) Placing Program Participants, and (13) Evaluating Industry Services Programs). (HD)

This collection of abstracts is part of a continuing series providing information on recent doctoral dissertations. The 15 titles deal with the following topics: remedial reading teacher attitudes, how parent training in behavior modification and transactional analysis affects remedial reading instruction, the effect of role change on the reading achievement of high school remedial reading students, a comparison of two reading readiness programs, how context affects word recognition and comprehension, the role of Head Start programs in identifying learning disabilities, how select program variables relate to reading achievement, how task analysis and diagnostic remedial assessment affect behavior during reading instruction, the evaluation of a paraprofessional tutorial strategy, the language experience approach compared to a basal approach in remedial reading instruction, how units of drill and practice affect decoding performances, the use of oral language and cultural heritage in beginning reading instruction, evaluating a diagnostic/prescriptive approach to reading, specific factors related to the reading improvement of students in a reading laboratory program, and how reading material organization affects reading achievement in an individualized reading program. (RL)

The nontraditional degree program at the University of Minnesota is located in a traditional setting, but the participants are exempted from many of the standard graduation criteria such as fulfillment of language and distribution requirements. Students' academic success is outlined along with the results of the study (evaluated by using registration data obtained from transcripts) (1) to describe and compare the courses and academic records for students accepted into the program with students who were not accepted into the program, and (2) to expand the data based literature concerning the evaluation of nontraditional degree programs. (Author/BB)

Particular problems in the process of summative evaluation of document based information systems designed for educators are caused by a series of conditions of context factors of the evaluation. Some of these factors are identified and described. An evaluation plan is presented which recommends that the emphasis be shifted from initial definitions of objectives, benefits, and clients to increased emphasis on the identification of alternative information systems and the dissemination of its evaluation data. Examples from previous evaluation studies are presented to illustrate the problems as well as the recommended approach. (WCM)

Information Warfare in its broadest definition has existed since armed conflict began. As the pace of battle accelerates and information collection intensifies it is necessary to have a means of synergistically combining the advanced technological tools, organizational structure and mathematical analysis of information target vulnerabilities. This essay provides a model to accomplish such a goal by establishing a framework to evaluate methods of employment, types of attack and desired results when prioritizing information targets.

We present an evaluation of an information retrieval system designed for the 1997 TREC-6 Interactive Track; that is, Aspect Oriented Retrieval, or finding documents that cover all aspects of relevance to a given topic. Our system includes a basic search system, a task-specific aspect window, and a 3-D visualization of document and aspect relationships. We compare two versions of our system against ZPRISE, a baseline system provided by NIST. A study of 20 searchers shows significant differences between two classes of searchers, and supports several hypotheses about the design of an aspect oriented system. An interesting result is a likely correlation between structural visualization ability and facility with a 3-D visualization.

We present an evaluation of an information retrieval system designed for the 1997 TREC-6 Interactive Track; that is, Aspect Oriented Retrieval, or finding documents that cover all aspects of relevance to a given topic. Our system includes a basic search system, a task-specific aspect window, and a 3-D visualization of document and aspect relationships. We compare two versions of our system against ZPRISE, a baseline system provided by NIST. A study of 20 searchers shows significant differences between two classes of searchers, and supports several hypotheses about the design of an aspect oriented system. An interesting result is a likely correlation between structural visualization ability and facility with a 3-D visualization.

Ozone (O3) is a greenhouse gas and toxic pollutant which plays a major role in air quality. Typically, monitoring of surface air quality and O3 mixing ratios is primarily conducted using in situ measurement networks. This is partially due to high-quality information related to air quality being limited from space-borne platforms due to coarse spatial resolution, limited temporal frequency, and minimal sensitivity to lower tropospheric and surface-level O3. The Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO) satellite is designed to address these limitations of current space-based platforms and to improve our ability to monitor North American air quality. TEMPO will provide hourly data of total column and vertical profiles of O3 with high spatial resolution to be used as a near-real-time air quality product.TEMPO O3 retrievals will apply the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory profile algorithm developed based on work from GOME, GOME-2, and OMI. This algorithm uses a priori O3 profile information from a climatological data-base developed from long-term ozone-sonde measurements (tropopause-based (TB) O3 climatology). It has been shown that satellite O3 retrievals are sensitive to a priori O3 profiles and covariance matrices. During this work we investigate the climatological data to be used in TEMPO algorithms (TB O3) and simulated data from the NASA GMAO Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS-5) Forward Processing (FP) near-real-time (NRT) model products. These two data products will be evaluated with ground-based lidar data from the Tropospheric Ozone Lidar Network (TOLNet) at various locations of the US. This study evaluates the TB climatology, GEOS-5 climatology, and 3-hourly GEOS-5 data compared to lower tropospheric observations to demonstrate the accuracy of a priori information to potentially be used in TEMPO O3 algorithms. Here we present our initial analysis and the theoretical impact on TEMPO retrievals in the lower troposphere.

In this paper we apply different techniques of information distortion on a set of classical books written in English. We study the impact that these distortions have upon the Kolmogorov complexity and the clustering by compression technique (the latter based on Normalized Compression Distance, NCD). We show how to decrease the complexity of the considered books introducing several modifications in them. We measure how the information contained in each book is maintained using a clustering error measure. We find experimentally that the best way to keep the clustering error is by means of modifications in the most frequent words. We explain the details of these information distortions and we compare with other kinds of modifications like random word distortions and unfrequent word distortions. Finally, some phenomenological explanations from the different empirical results that have been carried out are presented.

A literature review to assess the influence and outcomes of Consumer Health Information Technology (CHIT) for young childhood cancer survivors.

A literature review to assess the influence and outcomes of Consumer Health Information Technology (CHIT) for young childhood cancer survivors.

This project is a mixed-methods study that develops and evaluates a Road Safety Management Information System and a Machine learning based predictive model for road traffic accidents in Ethiopia. It aims to develop and implement a reliable and efficient data source and a predictive tool for road safety decision-making in Adama and Jimma cities, Ethiopia.

This project is a mixed-methods study that develops and evaluates a Road Safety Management Information System and a Machine learning based predictive model for road traffic accidents in Ethiopia. It aims to develop and implement a reliable and efficient data source and a predictive tool for road safety decision-making in Adama and Jimma cities, Ethiopia.

Automatic suggestion of alternative terms to refine a user's query is an effective technique to help the user quickly narrow down to his(her) specific information need. However, evaluating the effectiveness of these suggestions has remained quite subjective, with a vast majority of the past work relying on expensive user studies. In this work, we look at this problem from the IR perspective. We propose two objective measures that evaluate the quality of Query Refinement (QR) suggestions, based on the degree to which the documents retrieved by the QR suggestions, when used as queries, capture the overall sub-topical structure underlying the topic of the original query. The first measure, known as Maximum Matching Averaged Mean Average Precision (MM-AMAP) requires labeled documents for the sub-topics underlying the query's topic. The second measure which we call Distinctness and MAP based F1 (DMAP-F1) requires only labeled documents that are relevant to the original query. We also define a series of simple QR suggestion techniques, each of which is intuitively better than the previous ones and evaluate them using our measures on TDT3 and TDT4 corpora. Our experiments show that our evaluation metrics numerically capture our intuitive expectations on performance, thus informally validating our measures. Further, we also show that the second metric DMAP-F1, that does not require sub-topic judgments, is consistent in results as well as statistically highly correlated with the first metric. This allows us to perform extensive evaluations of the quality of QR suggestion techniques on standard TREC collections in the future.

The essence of an information attack is to alter, either by intrusion into and manipulation of a database or by deception, the scenario under which a target mind or organization evaluates and selects future courses of action. The aim is to influence the actions of the target. The method is alteration of the perceived desirability or expected payoff of specific courses of action. This alteration of the information in possession of the target can be described as alteration of the perceived reality under which the target operates. Probable success by an attacker in altering the target's perceived behavior, given a successful manipulation of the target's information, has, in the past, been subjective. A modeling protocol based on the use of game theory is proposed that may, in certain cases, allow optimization of the scenario, or reality, imposed on the target to force the choice of a desired course of action. It should also allow a quantitative estimate of the likelihood of the target's adopting a given course of action. This tool can be used to estimate friendly susceptibility to information attack.

Ozone (O3) is a greenhouse gas and toxic pollutant which plays a major role in air quality. Typically, monitoring of surface air quality and O3 mixing ratios is primarily conducted using in situ measurement networks. This is partially due to high-quality information related to air quality being limited from space-borne platforms due to coarse spatial resolution, limited temporal frequency, and minimal sensitivity to lower tropospheric and surface-level O3. The Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO) satellite is designed to address these limitations of current space-based platforms and to improve our ability to monitor North American air quality. TEMPO will provide hourly data of total column and vertical profiles of O3 with high spatial resolution to be used as a near-real-time air quality product. TEMPO O3 retrievals will apply the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory profile algorithm developed based on work from GOME, GOME-2, and OMI. This algorithm uses a priori O3 profile information from a climatological data-base developed from long-term ozone-sonde measurements (tropopause-based (TB) O3 climatology). It has been shown that satellite O3 retrievals are sensitive to a priori O3 profiles and covariance matrices. During this work we investigate the climatological data to be used in TEMPO algorithms (TB O3) and simulated data from the NASA GMAO Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS-5) Forward Processing (FP) near-real-time (NRT) model products. These two data products will be evaluated with ground-based lidar data from the Tropospheric Ozone Lidar Network (TOLNet) at various locations of the US. This study evaluates the TB climatology, GEOS-5 climatology, and 3-hourly GEOS-5 data compared to lower tropospheric observations to demonstrate the accuracy of a priori information to potentially be used in TEMPO O3 algorithms. Here we present our initial analysis and the theoretical impact on TEMPO retrievals in the lower troposphere.