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The purpose of this study was to describe the cognitive level of professor discourse and student cognition during selected college of agriculture class sessions. Twenty-one undergraduate class sessions were videotaped in 12 professors' courses. Results were interpreted to show that professors' discourse was mostly (62%) at the knowledge and comprehension levels of cognition, the lower levels of cognitive thought (Bloom, Engelhart, Furst, Hill, & Krathwohl, 1956). During the 21 class sessions, 1,448 student thoughts were recorded. Forty percent (n = 564) of those thoughts were found to be engaged. Engaged thoughts were then analyzed using Bloom's Taxonomy (1956). Sixty-two percent of the total 564 engaged thoughts occurred at the knowledge and comprehension levels of cognition. The cognitive levels of professor discourse and student cognition (engaged thoughts categorized and weighted using Bloom's Taxonomy) were mostly at the two lowest levels of Bloom's Taxonomy, knowledge and comprehension. Recommendations included professor and student awareness of the cognitive levels at which they teach and think, and further study of relationships between professor and student variables. (Contains 5 tables and 1 figure.)

In this study of ethnic attitudes in the Netherlands, the cognitive nature of prejudice and its manifestation in discourse are examined. In the Netherlands, in formal and public situations, overt discrimination is exceptional or indirect; however, in more informal situations negative ethnic attitudes are evident. Historical and socio-cultural reasons are discussed. A random sample of 50 Dutch persons were asked what they liked and disliked about living in Amsterdam and what they thought about foreigners. The interviews were casual encounters in public places. The ethnic opinions expressed are systematised and described in terms of ethnic group schemata. A systematic discourse analysis is made of the thematic structures, the local coherence and semantic functions, the stylistic and rhetorical structures, the argumentations and narrative structures, and the controversial strategies of the interviews. It is shown that these various structures can be interpreted as indications about the underlying structures and strategies of opinions and their expression in social situations. (RM)

In this study of ethnic attitudes in the Netherlands, the cognitive nature of prejudice and its manifestation in discourse are examined. In the Netherlands, in formal and public situations, overt discrimination is exceptional or indirect; however, in more informal situations negative ethnic attitudes are evident. Historical and socio-cultural reasons are discussed. A random sample of 50 Dutch persons were asked what they liked and disliked about living in Amsterdam and what they thought about foreigners. The interviews were casual encounters in public places. The ethnic opinions expressed are systematised and described in terms of ethnic group schemata. A systematic discourse analysis is made of the thematic structures, the local coherence and semantic functions, the stylistic and rhetorical structures, the argumentations and narrative structures, and the controversial strategies of the interviews. It is shown that these various structures can be interpreted as indications about the underlying structures and strategies of opinions and their expression in social situations. (RM)

In this study of ethnic attitudes in the Netherlands, the cognitive nature of prejudice and its manifestation in discourse are examined. In the Netherlands, in formal and public situations, overt discrimination is exceptional or indirect; however, in more informal situations negative ethnic attitudes are evident. Historical and socio-cultural reasons are discussed. A random sample of 50 Dutch persons were asked what they liked and disliked about living in Amsterdam and what they thought about foreigners. The interviews were casual encounters in public places. The ethnic opinions expressed are systematised and described in terms of ethnic group schemata. A systematic discourse analysis is made of the thematic structures, the local coherence and semantic functions, the stylistic and rhetorical structures, the argumentations and narrative structures, and the controversial strategies of the interviews. It is shown that these various structures can be interpreted as indications about the underlying structures and strategies of opinions and their expression in social situations. (RM)

Noting that the new literary and rhetorical theories are concerned with revealing the constructive nature of productive and interpretive processes, this paper examines the cognitive processes in reading and writing which make them constructive and intentional acts, and how reader and writer "negotiate" meaning in light of context, reader goals, and knowledge of the author's intention. The first part of the paper presents the idea of negotiated meaning and diagrams the relationship between reader and writer and outside forces in such a discourse construction, going on to note some of the implications of seeing reading and writing as acts of cognition. The first subsection discusses cognition and discourse knowledge, while the second subsection examines forces that govern a reader's response. The third subsection discusses goals of the reader, including deriving a suitable paraphrase from a written work, coming away with a meaningful reading, and looking for a meaning which fits with the author's intention. A final subsection on readers' goals and texts concludes the first part of the paper. The second part of the paper analyzes the protocols of two readers as they verbalize while reading an article and "negotiate" the meaning of what they read. Twenty-two references are included. (JC)

In this study, a corpus of the 1990, 2010, and 2023 Asian Games was constructed, Critical Discourse Analysis was adopted, and Sentiment Analysis and Topic Modeling were used to analyze the English media's emotional tendencies towards the Asian Games in China and explore their main focuses. The study found that most media hold positive attitudes towards these Games with the proportion rising. Over the past three decades, China’s image in the media has gradually become diversified and multi-dimensioned, which has been enriched in terms of political concepts, cultural development, and economy. By analyzing the political aspects of the negative images and text mining, this study also found that the narrative mode and practice path of media sports coverage are based on political ideology and national interests, resulting in emotionally oriented reports intertwined with multiple issues, and the language content and its form has shifted from explicit to implicit.

In this study, a corpus of the 1990, 2010, and 2023 Asian Games was constructed, Critical Discourse Analysis was adopted, and Sentiment Analysis and Topic Modeling were used to analyze the English media's emotional tendencies towards the Asian Games in China and explore their main focuses. The study found that most media hold positive attitudes towards these Games with the proportion rising. Over the past three decades, China’s image in the media has gradually become diversified and multi-dimensioned, which has been enriched in terms of political concepts, cultural development, and economy. By analyzing the political aspects of the negative images and text mining, this study also found that the narrative mode and practice path of media sports coverage are based on political ideology and national interests, resulting in emotionally oriented reports intertwined with multiple issues, and the language content and its form has shifted from explicit to implicit.

In this study, a corpus of the 1990, 2010, and 2023 Asian Games was constructed, Critical Discourse Analysis was adopted, and Sentiment Analysis and Topic Modeling were used to analyze the English media's emotional tendencies towards the Asian Games in China and explore their main focuses. The study found that most media hold positive attitudes towards these Games with the proportion rising. Over the past three decades, China’s image in the media has gradually become diversified and multi-dimensioned, which has been enriched in terms of political concepts, cultural development, and economy. By analyzing the political aspects of the negative images and text mining, this study also found that the narrative mode and practice path of media sports coverage are based on political ideology and national interests, resulting in emotionally oriented reports intertwined with multiple issues, and the language content and its form has shifted from explicit to implicit.

In this study, a corpus of the 1990, 2010, and 2023 Asian Games was constructed, Critical Discourse Analysis was adopted, and Sentiment Analysis and Topic Modeling were used to analyze the English media's emotional tendencies towards the Asian Games in China and explore their main focuses. The study found that most media hold positive attitudes towards these Games with the proportion rising. Over the past three decades, China’s image in the media has gradually become diversified and multi-dimensioned, which has been enriched in terms of political concepts, cultural development, and economy. By analyzing the political aspects of the negative images and text mining, this study also found that the narrative mode and practice path of media sports coverage are based on political ideology and national interests, resulting in emotionally oriented reports intertwined with multiple issues, and the language content and its form has shifted from explicit to implicit.

In this study, a corpus of the 1990, 2010, and 2023 Asian Games was constructed, Critical Discourse Analysis was adopted, and Sentiment Analysis and Topic Modeling were used to analyze the English media's emotional tendencies towards the Asian Games in China and explore their main focuses. The study found that most media hold positive attitudes towards these Games with the proportion rising. Over the past three decades, China’s image in the media has gradually become diversified and multi-dimensioned, which has been enriched in terms of political concepts, cultural development, and economy. By analyzing the political aspects of the negative images and text mining, this study also found that the narrative mode and practice path of media sports coverage are based on political ideology and national interests, resulting in emotionally oriented reports intertwined with multiple issues, and the language content and its form has shifted from explicit to implicit.

In this study, a corpus of the 1990, 2010, and 2023 Asian Games was constructed, Critical Discourse Analysis was adopted, and Sentiment Analysis and Topic Modeling were used to analyze the English media's emotional tendencies towards the Asian Games in China and explore their main focuses. The study found that most media hold positive attitudes towards these Games with the proportion rising. Over the past three decades, China’s image in the media has gradually become diversified and multi-dimensioned, which has been enriched in terms of political concepts, cultural development, and economy. By analyzing the political aspects of the negative images and text mining, this study also found that the narrative mode and practice path of media sports coverage are based on political ideology and national interests, resulting in emotionally oriented reports intertwined with multiple issues, and the language content and its form has shifted from explicit to implicit.

In this study, a corpus of the 1990, 2010, and 2023 Asian Games was constructed, Critical Discourse Analysis was adopted, and Sentiment Analysis and Topic Modeling were used to analyze the English media's emotional tendencies towards the Asian Games in China and explore their main focuses. The study found that most media hold positive attitudes towards these Games with the proportion rising. Over the past three decades, China’s image in the media has gradually become diversified and multi-dimensioned, which has been enriched in terms of political concepts, cultural development, and economy. By analyzing the political aspects of the negative images and text mining, this study also found that the narrative mode and practice path of media sports coverage are based on political ideology and national interests, resulting in emotionally oriented reports intertwined with multiple issues, and the language content and its form has shifted from explicit to implicit.

Amelia B. Edwards wrote this historical, egyptological, and cultural study in in 1877, and it became an immediate best-seller, reprinted in 1888 at home in England and abroad. She travelled throughout Egypt at a time when most women didn't leave home. One of the pioneering Egyptologists of the age, she established the Edwards Chair of Egyptology, occupied first by the great Sir William Matthew Flinders Petrie.<br /><br /> This book is in a sense a seminal work, known to have influenced the modern writings of Elizabeth Peters in her Amelia Peabody Emerson murder-mystery series. (Summary by Sibella Denton)

Amelia B. Edwards wrote this historical travelogue in in 1873. The book describes her travels through a relatively un-visited area in the South Tyrol district of Italy. The Dolomites are a part of that most famous of mountain chains, the Alps. In this book, the Writer and her friend and companion, L., travel from Southern Italy, having over-wintered there, to visit the Dolomite district. Her chatty style, dry sense of humor, accuracy of facts, and sympathy for humanity set her works apart. The slice of Victorian British life presented is quite captivating. <p> She would later travel throughout Europe and Egypt at a time when most women didn't leave home. Later she was to become one of the pioneering Egyptologists of the age. This is her first travelogue.

3Football Days: Memories of the Game and of the Men behind the Ball

By William Hanford Edwards

A book reminiscent of the days when football was gaining popularity in America. (summary by Ian Hatley)

Jonathan Edwards was a colonial American Congregational preacher, theologian, and missionary to Native Americans. Edwards "is widely acknowledged to be America's most important and original philosophical theologian." His work is very broad in scope, but he is often associated with his defense of Calvinist theology, the metaphysics of theological determinism, and the Puritan heritage. His famous sermon "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God," emphasized the just wrath of God against sin and contrasted it with the provision of God for salvation; the intensity of his preaching sometimes resulted in members of the audience fainting, swooning, and other more obtrusive reactions. The swooning and other behaviors in his audience caught him up in a controversy over "bodily effects" of the Holy Spirit's presence. (Summary by Wikipedia)<br /><br />This collection contains nineteen of his sermons, including "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God."

5Book of Old English Ballads

By George Wharton Edwards

In this selection... the aim has been to bring within moderate compass a collection of these songs of the people which should fairly represent the range, the descriptive felicity, the dramatic power, and the genuine poetic feeling of a body of verse which is still, it is to be feared, unfamiliar to a large number of those to whom it would bring refreshment and delight. (Summary from introduction)

6Old Coast Road From Boston to Plymouth

By Agnes Edwards

A delightful trip from Boston through a dozen South Shore towns to Plymouth, stopping in each to explore a bit of the local history and 'modern' highlights. Written in 1920, it's a great journey through the past. (Summary by Steve Mattern)

7Treasury of Heroes and Heroines

By Clayton Edwards

It would be pleasant indeed to gather the characters of this book together and listen to the conversation of wholly different but interested couples—for this is a book of contrasts and has been written as such. Lives of the most dramatic and adventurous quality have been gathered from all corners of the earth, and from every age in history, in such a way that they may cover the widest possible variety of human experience. <br><br> The publishers believe that such a book would not be complete without some characters that are no less real because they have lived only in the minds of men. No explanation is needed for semi-historical characters like King Arthur, Robin Hood and William Tell, while Don Quixote, the Prince of Madness, and Rip Van Winkle, the Prince of Laziness, have been included, not because they were essentially heroic in themselves (although Don Quixote might well have claimed the laurel) but because they became heroes in the opinion of others through the very qualities that brought about their downfall. As involuntary heroes, they furnish a pleasant contrast to the more serious, actual and transcendental figures of saints, martyrs, warriors, discoverers and statesmen with which these pages are filled; they enrich the "Treasury," widen its range of colors and perform the necessary function of court jesters in the Hall of Fame. (Summary From the Preface)

“Clearly he was one of those rare beings who can radiate energy standing still and convey the impression of impetuous force without motion, a trick of the eyes, a refusal to sag…. King saw her first as she started across Cherry Street from the far corner, a slender figure moving with grace and assurance through the dangerous procession of motor cars, still handled in the South as new toys,…” What is the secret that may keep these two, meant for each other, apart? (Book quote and David Wales)

Jonathan Edwards (1703-1758) was a pre-revolutionary American pastor and academic in Massachusetts, and is also widely considered to be both the last of the great Puritans, and a founder of modern evangelicalism. In 1732, his church and many churches in the surrounding region experienced “The Great Awakening”, a massive religious revival. The Great Awakening saw many people having heightened “affections”, or emotions, in response to their increased spirituality – this included excessive weeping, joyous outbursts, and many other manifestations that concerned more conservative people around them. Edwards wrote Religious Affections in order to show that affections could be a legitimate part of Christian spirituality, but only when conjoined with sound theology and godly practice. The book now stands as a classic in the field of Christian spirituality. (Summary by Matthew James Gray)

Disproportionately remembered as a hellfire-and-brimstone Puritan preacher on the basis of the excessively-anthologized "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God," Jonathan Edwards was a noted philosopher in the field of Aesthetics, or the metaphysics of Beauty. An examination even of his sermons reveals constant references to this philosophical preoccupation, his favorite word in many passages seeming to be "Sweetness," by which term he intended to convey a rich sense of Beauty. In "A Dissertation Concerning the Nature of True Virtue," he explores the inseparable connection between Beauty and Truth, basing his deepest conviction of the Truth of Christianity on its inherent Beauty, Harmony, and Sweetness. - Summary by Expatriate

11Short History of Wales

By Owen M. Edwards

A Short History of Wales is a book published in 1906 by Owen Edwards. It aimed to provide an introduction to Welsh history, to those who may not have previously dealt with the subject. -Summary by Anonymous

As religion is the great business, for which we are created, and on which our happiness depends; and as religion consists in an intercourse between ourselves and our Maker; and so has its foundation in God's nature and ours, and in the relation that God and we stand in to each other; therefore a true knowledge of both must be needful in order to true religion. But the knowledge of ourselves consists chiefly in right apprehensions concerning those two chief faculties of our nature, the Understanding and Will. Both are very important: yet the science of the latter must be confessed to be of greatest moment; inasmuch as all virtue and religion have their seat more immediately in the will, consisting more especially in right acts and habits of this faculty. And the grand question about the Freedom of the Will, is the main point that belongs to the science of the Will. Therefore I say, the importance of this subject greatly demands the attention of Christians, and especially of Divines. - Summary from the preface

To My Buddies<br> Of the U. S. Army—some three million in number; <br> Of the 90th Division more specifically, and <br> Particularly to the 315th Engineers, to which <br> Regiment I was “attached for rations,” <br> Being a Liability of Company “E,” <br><br> This little Volume is Dedicated. - Summary by Author

14Great Ghost Stories

By Edward Bulwer-Lytton, Amelia Ann Blanford Edwards, Joseph Lewis French, Théophile Gautier, Thomas Hardy, E. T. A. Hoffmann, M. R. James, Frederick Marryat, Fitz-James O'Brien, Margaret O. Oliphant, Sir Arthur Thomas Quiller-Couch and William Sharp

A great collection of 12 classic stories about ghosts and the supernatural. Included are stories by Thomas Hardy, Fitz-James O'Brien, and Margaret Oliphant. Recommended for fans of classic ghost stories of yesteryear. - Summary by Phyllis Vincelli

A biography about David Brainerd, one of the first missionaries to the Native Americans, using excerpts from his diary and journals. This work is an abridged version of the work by Jonathan Edwards, of the same name. - Summary by KHand

Not only does this powerful little piece of writing contain within its pages the timely exhortation to Christians to pray at just such a time as this for our Lord's kingdom to come (as relevant today as it was in 1747), but we're also given a good dose of eschatology and a taste of history to boot--almost forgotten knowledge, if you will. A refreshing, eye-opening, inspirational piece of work. (FYI: "extraordinary prayer" can be defined as "prayer with special purpose," and a "concert of prayer" is an agreement of two or more in a prayer plan.) - Summary by Debra Bridgford