Explore: Planetary Ionospheres

of the larger natural satellites) generally produce ionospheres. Planets known to have ionospheres include Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune

modes of operation for interplanetary transfers, thrusting against a planetary ionosphere or magnetosphere, escape from low Earth orbit as well as deceleration

conductivity of Jupiter's Shallow interior and the formation of a resonant planetary-ionosphere cavity". Icarus. 88 (1): 73–86. Bibcode:1990Icar...88...73S. doi:10

In astronomy and planetary science, a magnetosphere is a region of space surrounding an astronomical object, such as a planet or other object, in which

Planetary science (or more rarely, planetology) is the scientific study of planets (including Earth), celestial bodies (such as moons, asteroids, comets)

(NASA). Bourdeau joined NASA at its formation in 1958 as Head of the Planetary Ionospheres Branch in the Space Sciences division at the Goddard Space Flight

of Earth. All three planets have an ionosphere, which is an ionized region of the upper atmosphere. The ionospheres for Mars and Venus are closer to the

original text related to this article: Solar-wind interaction with planetary ionospheres Real-time plots of solar wind activity from the Advanced Composition

ISBN 978-1-4020-5441-9., Section 2.2.2, p. 580 S. J. Bauer (2012). Physics of Planetary Ionospheres (illustrated ed.). Springer Science & Business Media. p. 28.

the Solar System. It includes the topics of aeronomy, aurorae, planetary ionospheres and magnetospheres, radiation belts, space weather, solar wind,