Explore: Multiphoton Ionization

radiation detectors such as the Geiger-Müller counter or the ionization chamber. The ionization process is widely used in a variety of equipment in fundamental

Resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) is a technique applied to the spectroscopy of atoms and small molecules. In practice, a tunable laser

threshold ionization (ATI) is an extension of multi-photon ionization where even more photons are absorbed than actually would be necessary to ionize the atom

is ionized. The difference between them is a matter of definition under different conditions. They can henceforth be called multiphoton ionization (MPI)

states are even more important in laser ionization experiments. Laser spectroscopic experiments often involve ionization through a photon energy resonance at

molecules in a resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) process. It is a selective and sensitive ionization method for aromatic and polyaromatic

Electron ionization is widely used in mass spectrometry, particularly for organic molecules. The gas phase reaction producing electron ionization is M +

atoms or molecules. Double ionization is usually less probable than single-electron ionization. Two types of double ionization are distinguished: sequential

Above-threshold ionization (ATI) is an extension of multi-photon ionization where even more photons are absorbed than actually would be necessary to ionize the atom

mechanism underlying DNA ionization depends on the number of photons that provoke the ejection of one electron (one-photon or multiphoton, induced by intense