Explore: Infibulation

Infibulation is the ritual removal of the vulva and its suturing, a practice found mainly in northeastern Africa, particularly in Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia

and closure of the vulva (type 3). In this last procedure, known as infibulation, a small hole is left for the passage of urine and menstrual fluid, the

quality of the masculine voice. In ancient Rome, this form of non-surgical infibulation might thus be used by singers as a regimen for preserving the voice.

the kynodesme and infibulation " Tethering the akroposthion with the kynodesme is frequently confused with preputial infibulation, which had different

leaving a small opening for the passage of urine and menstrual blood (infibulation) Type IV: other miscellaneous acts, might or might not include cauterization

Fibulas were frequent subject of ridicule among satirists in Rome. Infibulation could be also a surgical procedure in which two holes were pierced in

left from his circumcision). Foreskin piercings have been used for male infibulation. Reference to foreskin piercing has been found in ancient writings dating

or without removal of the clitoral glans and outer labia. Type III (infibulation): removal of the inner and outer labia and the fusion of the wound, leaving

with no health benefits. The most severe form is Type III FGM, which is infibulation and involves removing all or part of the labia and the vagina being closed

and/or locked to a Prince Albert piercing for the purpose of male genital infibulation and long term physical control (and the corresponding potent psychological