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Autism Spectrum Disorder(s) is a set of neurodevelopmental conditions characterized by difficulties in social communication and interactions, as well as restricted and repetitive behaviours. Previous research shows that autistic children struggle with tasks that assess Theory of Mind (ToM). Performance on ToM tasks tend to be associated with executive function skills and knowledge of semantics and syntax. These tasks activate the medial prefrontal cortex and bilateral temporoparietal junction. When autistic individuals do ToM tasks, they show reduced activation in the ToM networks. To investigate the role of language on ToM, we can study figurative language such as verbal irony. This type of language conveys the opposite of its literal meaning. Verbal irony holds a strong social and communicative function and is often used to generate humour and convey negative emotions. Irony comprehension can be challenging because it requires a person to make meta-representations of a speaker’s attitude. When reading ironic sentences, the ToM network is shown to be activated. Previously, a meta-analysis was published in 2018 on figurative language and autism but is now over 7 years old from the date that the researchers completed their literature search. The current proposed scoping review will provide a systematic update on the previous findings, focus on verbal irony, and report neuroimaging results. The main objective of the proposed scoping review is to investigate the available behavioural and neuroimaging research on verbal irony comprehension in autistic individuals and to determine what the available research evidence says about how verbal irony comprehension can be influenced by language ability, symptom severity, and chronological age.

Autism Spectrum Disorder(s) is a set of neurodevelopmental conditions characterized by difficulties in social communication and interactions, as well as restricted and repetitive behaviours. Previous research shows that autistic children struggle with tasks that assess Theory of Mind (ToM). Performance on ToM tasks tend to be associated with executive function skills and knowledge of semantics and syntax. These tasks activate the medial prefrontal cortex and bilateral temporoparietal junction. When autistic individuals do ToM tasks, they show reduced activation in the ToM networks. To investigate the role of language on ToM, we can study figurative language such as verbal irony. This type of language conveys the opposite of its literal meaning. Verbal irony holds a strong social and communicative function and is often used to generate humour and convey negative emotions. Irony comprehension can be challenging because it requires a person to make meta-representations of a speaker’s attitude. When reading ironic sentences, the ToM network is shown to be activated. Previously, a meta-analysis was published in 2018 on figurative language and autism but is now over 7 years old from the date that the researchers completed their literature search. The current proposed scoping review will provide a systematic update on the previous findings, focus on verbal irony, and report neuroimaging results. The main objective of the proposed scoping review is to investigate the available behavioural and neuroimaging research on verbal irony comprehension in autistic individuals and to determine what the available research evidence says about how verbal irony comprehension can be influenced by language ability, symptom severity, and chronological age.

Autism Spectrum Disorder(s) is a set of neurodevelopmental conditions characterized by difficulties in social communication and interactions, as well as restricted and repetitive behaviours. Previous research shows that autistic children struggle with tasks that assess Theory of Mind (ToM). Performance on ToM tasks tend to be associated with executive function skills and knowledge of semantics and syntax. These tasks activate the medial prefrontal cortex and bilateral temporoparietal junction. When autistic individuals do ToM tasks, they show reduced activation in the ToM networks. To investigate the role of language on ToM, we can study figurative language such as verbal irony. This type of language conveys the opposite of its literal meaning. Verbal irony holds a strong social and communicative function and is often used to generate humour and convey negative emotions. Irony comprehension can be challenging because it requires a person to make meta-representations of a speaker’s attitude. When reading ironic sentences, the ToM network is shown to be activated. Previously, a meta-analysis was published in 2018 on figurative language and autism but is now over 7 years old from the date that the researchers completed their literature search. The current proposed scoping review will provide a systematic update on the previous findings, focus on verbal irony, and report neuroimaging results. The main objective of the proposed scoping review is to investigate the available behavioural and neuroimaging research on verbal irony comprehension in autistic individuals and to determine what the available research evidence says about how verbal irony comprehension can be influenced by language ability, symptom severity, and chronological age.

A large proportion of people with eating disorders (EDs) are autistic, with comorbidity rates estimated up to 37% (Brede et al., 2020; Westwood & Tchanturia, 2017). In recent years, interest in the link between these conditions has grown rapidly, such that in 2020 the ‘Pathway for Eating disorders and Autism developed from Clinical Experience’ (PEACE) was developed, with the aim of training clinicians working within ED services to better understand and support their autistic clients (Tchanturia et al., 2020). Nonetheless, recovery rates for autistic adults with an ED remain poorer than the general population (Nielsen et al., 2015; Tchanturia et al., 2019), therefore urgent attention is needed to better understand how to meet the needs of these individuals. However, very little is known about why autistic people are so overrepresented within ED services. According to Brede et al. (2020), they may be more vulnerable than the general population to the development and maintenance of EDs for a number of reasons, including social difficulties; whereby it is hypothesized that ED behaviours may develop in autistic individuals as a response to social stress. This theory is underpinned by evidence that autistic people respond differently to social stress (Corbett et al., 2012), while social stress has also been found to increase ED-related behaviours – namely, decreasing the desire to eat - in people with EDs (Monteleone et al., 2020; Monteleone et al., 2018). However, the link between social stress and ED-related behaviour in autistic people has not been tested empirically. This study therefore aims to test whether exposing autistic individuals to a socially stressful situation leads to an increase in ED-related behaviours (e.g. reduced desire to eat, reduced hunger, increased desire to restrict intake, increased desire to purge, increased desire to exercise excessively) compared with a non-autistic control group. This study aims to test whether there exists a direct link between social stress and disordered eating in autistic adults, to provide evidence for Brede et al.’s (2020) theory.

Autism and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) share similarities in behavioural expressions with both conditions characterised in part by the presence of repetitive behaviours. The objective of this study is to assess how behavioural features, and associated outcomes, differ for people on the autism spectrum, versus those with OCD. In turn, this study aims to inform clearer parameters for differential diagnosis of autism versus OCD via a quantitative comparison of the symptom overlap – and symptom distinction – associated with repetitive behaviours in the form of restrictive and repetitive behaviours amongst individuals on the autism spectrum, and in the form of obsessive-compulsive behaviours amongst individuals with OCD. This study proposes two research questions: (1) How are expressions of repetitive behaviours the same or different in individuals with autism versus OCD; and (2) Are different factors (e.g., OCD symptomology, autistic traits, sensory features, psychological distress, quality of life) associated with the intensity and/or type of repetitive behaviour observed in autism versus OCD. This study will use a quantitative survey design, via an online questionnaire battery. The questionnaire battery will include a multi-dimensional measure for assessing RRBIs (RBQ-2A) (Barrett et al., 2015), and standardised measures assessing (1) autism symptomology (AQ) (Baron-Cohen et al., 2001), (2) obsessive-compulsive behaviours (Y-BOCS-II) (Storch et al., 2010); (3) psychological distress (PHQ-9) (Spitzer et al., 1999), and (4) quality of life (QoL; WHOQOL-BREF and ASQoL) (WHOQOL Group, 1998; McConachie et al., 2017). This study will use an online questionnaire battery administered via REDCap. The survey will be pilot tested with 2-3 individuals on the autism spectrum or with OCD prior to data collection to refine and confirm the appropriateness of the wording. Individuals who participate in pilot-testing will be offered a $25 gift voucher as reimbursement for their time. Participants will access the questionnaire battery online and participate independently on their smartphone, tablet, laptop, or desktop computer. Participants will begin by completing a series of eligibility (i.e., age and diagnostic) questions before being permitted to continue to the main questionnaire where they will complete a brief demographic section followed by the five self-report questionnaires. It is estimated that the survey will take approximately 30 minutes to complete.

< a href="www.AutismRecoveryBook.com">www.AutismRecoveryBook.com Dr. Kurt Woeller, author of Autism - The Road To Recovery, explains why it is so important for parent of children on the autism-spectrum to educate themselves about biomedical intervention for their kids. Regressive autism happens when a child is developing normally according to growth/social/intellectual markers, then suddenly began to regress at about age 1-2, losing language skills, social contact and other signs. Dr. Woellerâs new book âAutism--The Road To Recovery,â highlights case studies and describes therapies and treatments that have helped regressive autism patients in his clinical practice. < a href="www.AutismRecoveryBook.com">www.AutismRecoveryBook.com

Anorexia nervosa (AN) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may appear to be unrelated disorders, but there is increasing evidence for a common underlying vulnerability given the high rate of co-occurrence of both disorders. The neuropsychological features associated with ASD in patients with AN may contribute to developing and maintaining AN and may impede behavioral change, thereby prolonging the duration of AN and affecting prognosis and treatment efficacy. This study focuses on gaining a better understanding of the relationship between AN and ASD and is part of the ongoing longitudinal BRAVE study at the Erasmus MC Sophia Children's Hospital. The aim of the present study is 1) to investigate whether female adolescents with first-onset AN show more features of ASD than healthy controls (TD girls) and 2) to explore the predictive value of ASD characteristics on recovery of AN after one year of treatment.

Researchers in the U.K. are studying the relationship between autism and substance abuse. Greg Richardson is a bereaved father living in Halifax, who wishes that connection was better understood. His son Adam had autism and died at age 14 of an overdose.

Researchers in the U.K. are studying the relationship between autism and substance abuse. Greg Richardson is a bereaved father living in Halifax, who wishes that connection was better understood. His son Adam had autism and died at age 14 of an overdose.

Researchers in the U.K. are studying the relationship between autism and substance abuse. Greg Richardson is a bereaved father living in Halifax, who wishes that connection was better understood. His son Adam had autism and died at age 14 of an overdose.

Researchers in the U.K. are studying the relationship between autism and substance abuse. Greg Richardson is a bereaved father living in Halifax, who wishes that connection was better understood. His son Adam had autism and died at age 14 of an overdose.

Traditionally, autism was described as a childhood disorder with the earliest signs visible from a young age. More recently, more covert expressions of autism are being recognized, which suggests that in some cases early signs of autism may only become apparent in later childhood, adolescence, or even adulthood. This variation in diagnostic timing raises important questions about the factors influencing age at diagnosis and how these factors relate to the diversity of presentations within the autism spectrum. A recent preprint positioned age at autism diagnosis as a key axis of autism heterogeneity (Zhang et al., 2024). This large study, employing four different autism cohorts, concludes that at least two distinct (but overlapping) developmental trajectories exist. Genetic factors contributed to this variation; one genetic factor was associated with early diagnosis and characterized by social and communication difficulties in early childhood, and one was associated with later diagnosis and characterized by the experience of socio-emotional difficulties in adolescence and genetic overlap with co-occurring mental health conditions. This work included a GWAS on age at autism diagnosis. Other recent research, although scarce supports that age at autism diagnosis is associated with differences in neurological characteristics (Bazelmans et al., 2025) and clinical profiles (Chen et al., 2023; Hrdlicka et al., 2024). Specifically, more pronounced social and communication differences and higher parental educational level have been shown to facilitate earlier diagnosis in children (Chen et al., 2023; Hrdlicka et al., 2024). Also, autistic women on average receive a later diagnosis than men (Begeer et al., 2013). It is unclear how such findings translate to adulthood diagnosis. Moreover, the genetic components to age at autism diagnosis are largely unexplored. This project aims to further elucidate the complex nature of the age at autism diagnosis. We do this by exploring two main research questions (RQ); 1) What are the predictors of the timing of autism diagnosis? (co-occurring conditions, sex, psychosocial problems (SDQ), autism severity (AQ, including total scales and subscales social skill, attention switching, attention to detail, communication and imagination, IQ and polygenic scores). To answer this question, we will employ data from the Netherlands Autism Register (NAR). 2) What are the interrelations between genetic predisposition to later age at diagnosis and autism severity (AQ scores), sex, SDQ scores, CAST scores, and co-occurring conditions. To answer this question, we will employ data from the NAR and TEDS.

This article contains the transcript of a session one mother ran in her child's class. The aim of the session was to give class members a better understanding of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in general and of her son in particular. The effectiveness of her approach is evident in the follow-up stories children wrote and in the experiences this mother recounts. Included as an appendix is a questionnaire developed by three Maori parents of children with ASD. These questions were used to assist them in selecting schools to meet their children's special and cultural needs.

This review of the literature provides summaries of the genetic, neurophysiological, and biochemical approaches to understanding autism, with special reference to neuroanatomic, cognitive, and neuropsychological studies of this disorder. Available instruments for the assessment of autism and various treatment alternatives including drug therapy, behavior modification, ethological approaches, and facilitated communication are briefly described. It is concluded that, although there is a lack of congruent data in the research on autism, evidence does suggest that autism is a neurologic syndrome. (Contains 87 references.) (DB)

"Understanding Autism, Each Other, and Ourselves" Sunday, April 21, 10:50 am, 2024 For many people, when they learn they're on the Autism spectrum, they gain a rich and empowering understanding of themselves. Let's learn about these identities so we can support each other's unique spiritual journeys and be a more accessible and compassionate congregation! Sam King, Guest Preacher; Rev. Millie Phillips, Affiliated Community Minister; Tad Hopp, Worship Participant; Eric Hamilton, Guitarist; Mark Sumner, Pianist; Ben Rudiak-Gould, Songleader Eric Shackelford, Camera; Francisco Castellanos, Camera; Jonathan Silk, Communications Director; Thomas Brown, Jose Matias Pineda, Francisco Castellanos, Sextons; Amy Kelly, Flowers; Linda Messner, Head Usher

Tia Yang Ly is blessed with two amazing children who teach her every day to make every moment count. After a 7 year battle with infertility, motherhood is all the more rewarding for a hard won fight against all the odds. Her day job is changing the world for children with Autism as a Behavior Analyst. She is passionate about helping families and their loved ones living with Autism solve their unique puzzle and discovering those \"a-ha!\" moments. She is inspired by and indebted to all the moms who paved the way before her and enjoys the continual journey to discover motherhood.In this episode, Tia shares her journey as a mother and expertise as a Behavior Analyst. We dive into what autism is and the support that is available for parents through IEPs and 504s. As always, I see you, hear you, and value you!Love,Linda

Title: Early Identification and Understanding of Autism Spectrum Disorder Published on: 2022-01-25 Original video URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Afk7XKXQWrY

Developing literacy skills can liberate students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) to engage with the world, connect with others, and communicate their experiences and their insights. It also allows individuals with ASD, regardless of the severity of their disability, to be included in literacy learning opportunities with their peers. With the increase in the number of students identified on the autism spectrum, it has become essential to understand the nature of schooling experiences that provide these students access, the fullest access possible, to learning activities and experiences that develop their literacy. Using workshop observations of teacher candidates along with analyses of documents and reflections produced by the teacher candidates over the course of three semesters, this qualitative study examined how teacher candidate perspectives and sense of preparedness was impacted when they were provided instruction and opportunities to explore ASD and literacy using a more inclusive framework for literacy with a focus on developing local understanding. The analysis concluded that post instruction teacher candidates had a broader, more inclusive understanding of the potential of students with ASD in developing literacy skills.

This scoping review aims to synthesize existing literature on the prevalence, clinical, and demographic characteristics of tic disorders in ASD populations, and autistic features in individuals with tics, providing a comprehensive overview of how these conditions intersect. By consolidating findings from diverse studies, this review will enhance understanding of the interaction between Tourette syndrome and autism, ultimately guiding clinical decision-making and informing future research directions.

This scoping review aims to synthesize existing literature on the prevalence, clinical, and demographic characteristics of tic disorders in ASD populations, and autistic features in individuals with tics, providing a comprehensive overview of how these conditions intersect. By consolidating findings from diverse studies, this review will enhance understanding of the interaction between Tourette syndrome and autism, ultimately guiding clinical decision-making and informing future research directions.

This scoping review aims to gather and synthesize all the known evidence pertaining to the overlap between Autism and Eating Disorders. This will allow for the identification of the evidence gaps within the field.

One in a series of podcasts from Shrink Rap Radio, All the psychology you need to know and just enough to make you dangerous"

3/10/2025 10:05:55 PM with 6 Peak Viewers. Mirror:https://pomf2.lain.la/f/yyoprp0a.mp3

Oakland University Human Development Professor Chaturi Edrisinha joins Jake Schaf for an educational conversation on autism awareness, and the diversity that can be seen on the spectrum. Stay up to date with our videos by subscribing to our channel: https://www.youtube.com/user/CivicCenterTV15?sub_confirmation=1. Visit our website for more information on The Splash: https://civiccentertv.com/ Follow us ⬇ ⬇ • https://www.youtube.com/user/CivicCenterTV15 • https://www.facebook.com/civiccentertv15/ • https://twitter.com/CivicCenterTV • https://www.instagram.com/civiccentertv/

Oakland University Human Development Professor Chaturi Edrisinha joins Jake Schaf for an educational conversation on autism awareness, and the diversity that can be seen on the spectrum. Stay up to date with our videos by subscribing to our channel: https://www.youtube.com/user/CivicCenterTV15?sub_confirmation=1. Visit our website for more information on The Splash: https://civiccentertv.com/ Follow us ⬇ ⬇ • https://www.youtube.com/user/CivicCenterTV15 • https://www.facebook.com/civiccentertv15/ • https://twitter.com/CivicCenterTV • https://www.instagram.com/civiccentertv/

In episode 2 of Autism Understood we look at how difficulties understanding social and emotional aspects of the world impact people with autism and some ways we might be able to help. 

In episode 2 of Autism Understood we look at how difficulties understanding social and emotional aspects of the world impact people with autism and some ways we might be able to help. 

In episode 2 of Autism Understood we look at how difficulties understanding social and emotional aspects of the world impact people with autism and some ways we might be able to help. 

In episode 2 of Autism Understood we look at how difficulties understanding social and emotional aspects of the world impact people with autism and some ways we might be able to help. 

The main aim of this scoping review is to comprehensively analyse and consolidate the current body of literature on the psychological and social consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic specifically on children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In particular, the review seeks to investigate the impact of the epidemic on the cognitive, social, and emotional abilities of these children. The review aims to examine and analyse relevant studies to identify consistent patterns, areas of research that are lacking, and differences in the psychological and social reactions of children with ASD to the specific challenges presented by the COVID-19 pandemic.

This Talk explores the signs and symptoms of autism and the benefits of neurodiversity; strategies for the autistic child's success; how the family and siblings can best support an autistic child; and local resources, promising innovations, apps, programs such as Early Support Program for Autism, and assistive technologies for kids with autism. Originally published in January of 2018. Visit http://g.co/TalksAtGoogle/UnderstandingAutism to watch the video.

"Understanding Autism, Each Other, and Ourselves" Sunday, April 21, 10:50 am, 2024 For many people, when they learn they're on the Autism spectrum, they gain a rich and empowering understanding of themselves. Let's learn about these identities so we can support each other's unique spiritual journeys and be a more accessible and compassionate congregation! Sam King, Guest Preacher; Rev. Millie Phillips, Affiliated Community Minister; Tad Hopp, Worship Participant; Eric Hamilton, Guitarist; Mark Sumner, Pianist; Ben Rudiak-Gould, Songleader Eric Shackelford, Camera; Francisco Castellanos, Camera; Jonathan Silk, Communications Director; Thomas Brown, Jose Matias Pineda, Francisco Castellanos, Sextons; Amy Kelly, Flowers; Linda Messner, Head Usher

Makena Brandon, born in Nanyuki, Laikipia County, Kenya, is a passionate youth dedicated to charity, education, and community transformation. Growing up with a strong heart for service, Brandon always dreamed of creating an institution that could touch lives and fill critical gaps in society. After careful observation, he realized that autism remained one of the most misunderstood and neglected areas within the community. This discovery ignited his journey of research, advocacy, and writing. Out of that passion came “The Future: Towards Understanding and Transforming Autism” — a book that combines facts, new perspectives, and hopeful solutions aimed at parents, youths, and communities. Brandon’s vision goes beyond the pages of this book. He is also the founder of Heart for Children , an initiative guided by the theme HELP • BUILD • INSPIRE , with the objective of creating awareness, building stronger communities, and inspiring change. Through his writing and community work, Makena Brandon represents a generation determined to bridge gaps, raise awareness, and shape a more inclusive future for children with autism.

Makena Brandon, born in Nanyuki, Laikipia County, Kenya, is a passionate youth dedicated to charity, education, and community transformation. Growing up with a strong heart for service, Brandon always dreamed of creating an institution that could touch lives and fill critical gaps in society. After careful observation, he realized that autism remained one of the most misunderstood and neglected areas within the community. This discovery ignited his journey of research, advocacy, and writing. Out of that passion came “The Future: Towards Understanding and Transforming Autism” — a book that combines facts, new perspectives, and hopeful solutions aimed at parents, youths, and communities. Brandon’s vision goes beyond the pages of this book. He is also the founder of Heart for Children , an initiative guided by the theme HELP • BUILD • INSPIRE , with the objective of creating awareness, building stronger communities, and inspiring change. Through his writing and community work, Makena Brandon represents a generation determined to bridge gaps, raise awareness, and shape a more inclusive future for children with autism.

Understanding Autism

There’s still much we don’t know about autism. UMD researchers are using MRI scans to examine brain circuits during social interactions, mapping differences in the brain to help better tailor diagnoses and interventions to individual cases of autism in children. #UMDdiscovers

There’s still much we don’t know about autism. UMD researchers are using MRI scans to examine brain circuits during social interactions, mapping differences in the brain to help better tailor diagnoses and interventions to individual cases of autism in children. #UMDdiscovers

Children’s cognitive development is a complex process in which both genetics and environment play a pivotal role. While genetics influence cognitive potential, environmental factors such as parenting attitudes and behaviours towards their children help shape how these skills will unfold. Understanding which parenting attitudes and behaviours foster optimum development may be particularly important for children at elevated likelihood of autism or ADHD, as these children are at a genetically increased risk for Executive Functioning (EF) difficulties. EF encompasses various functions essential for goal-directed behaviour, and it is integral to cognitive and social development, as well as mental health. EF difficulties can lead to increased stress, substance abuse, early drop-out from school, job retention issues, struggles with mental health and a higher suicide rate (Diamond 2012). Although a mounting number of studies looked into the issues of EF difficulties in children at elevated likelihood of autism or ADHD and parenting practices that may hinder these skills, most of them have been conducted in high-income countries (e.g., the UK or the USA). Furthermore, all this evidence comes from HMICs. Much less is known about early EF development in low and middle-income countries (LMIC) (although see Ainamani el al., 2021; Howard et al., 2020 for exceptions) and even less on EF development amongst neurodivergent children from LMICs. There is, also, limited research on parenting attitudes and behaviours on EF amongst children at elevated likelihood of autism or ADHD in LMIC. This is a significant limitation, as 90% of children come from LMIC (Kieling et al., 2011). Even less is understood about impacts on EF development in the context of additional adversities such as war, which may impact children’s development via parental mental health. This drastic lack of research may result in us missing important insights into risk and protective factors that affect young, disadvantaged children. This gap in knowledge hinders the development of targeted, evidence-based support (Hoekstra et al., 2018). To address this gap, this project aims to understand environmental risk and protective factors for early executive function (EF) development amongst toddlers with a connection to autism and/or ADHD raised in the UK and Ukraine, with an emphasis on parenting as a potentially modifiable mechanism.

A recent systematic review and meta-analysis by Blanchard et al. (2021) found that Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD Baron-Cohen, 2017) was associated with a substantial increase in probability of suicidality in both children and adults. However, research has yet to adequately explain how challenges unique to autistic people lead to increased suicide risk (Cassidy & Rodgers, 2017; Segers & Rawana, 2014). Turning to theories of suicide risk which were developed in psychopathology research fields other than the ASD field (e.g. Joiner, 2005) may prove useful in this regard. Indeed, readily available, and robust theoretical frameworks may further our understanding of those general mechanisms underlying risk for suicidal ideation and/or escalation to suicide attempt regardless of a particular type of psychopathology. Joiner's (2005) Interpersonal Theory of Suicide is a widely cited theory of suicide risk which has contributed to substantial advances in the scientific and clinical understanding of suicide and related behaviours (Chu et al., 2017). The theory posits that an individual will not die by suicide unless they have both the desire to die by suicide and the acquired ability to enact lethal self-injury (Joiner et al., 2005). More specifically, the psychological states of ‘Thwarted Belonging’ and ‘Perceived Burdensomeness’ together lead to the desire for suicide. While the acquired ability to enact lethal self-injury (‘suicidal capability’) occurs as a result of a biological change in the body’s fear and pain systems which allows - as opposed to inhibits - a suicide attempt” (Joiner et al., 2005). Previous reviews on the topic of suicidality and self-harm within the autistic population have been largely restricted to prevalence and risk factors (Hannon & Taylor, 2013; Hedley & Uljarević, 2018; Richa et al., 2014; Segers & Rawana, 2014). As such, there remains an incomplete understanding of the breadth and efficacy of the Interpersonal Theory to address those mechanisms underlying the increased risk for suicide in autistic people and whether this is different from non-autistic people. See attached file for scoping review details.

Participation in leisure activities plays a crucial role in children’s development, offering opportunities to acquire social and physical skills, build friendships, and improve both physical and mental health (Hilton et al., 2008). Yet, existing research highlights that children with autism spectrum disorders and ADHD often participate less in sports than children without autism and/or ADHD (Brewster & Coleyshaw, 2011; Eversole et al., 2016; Kim et al., 2011; Mercurio et al., 2021). There is also a significant gap in understanding leisure activity participation among children with dyslexia beyond their reading less and lower levels of reading motivation (Donolato et al., 2024; Lee & Zentall, 2012; Van Bergen et al., 2018). Additionally, prior studies frequently overlook potential differences between boys and girls, leaving a critical aspect of leisure participation in children with neurodevelopmental conditions unexplored. This study aims to address these gaps by investigating whether participation in leisure activities differs between children with autistic traits, ADHD traits, dyslexic traits, and children without these traits. Additionally, this study aims to investigate whether there are differences between boys and girls that have many of the same neurodevelopmental traits. By analyzing patterns of participation across various types of leisure activities in a large national sample, this research seeks to provide a more comprehensive understanding of how neurodevelopmental conditions and sex influence children’s engagement in leisure activities.

Produced by Peninsula Television 2007 CureAutismNow.org AutismSpeaks.org Autism.org MorganAutismCenter.org CommunityOfKindess.com

Produced by Peninsula Television 2007 CureAutismNow.org AutismSpeaks.org Autism.org MorganAutismCenter.org CommunityOfKindess.com

Autism is a developmental disorder that affects a child’s communication, behaviour and social interaction. It is a neurological condition that may begin very early in life, often becoming noticeable before the age of three. The brain development of children with autism happens differently which causes them to respond differently towards environmental situations unlike other kids. Autism is also known as AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER ASD . Maitri Mamata Panda "Understanding Autism - Causes, Identification and Intervention" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-3 , June 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd97152.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/97152/understanding-autism--causes-identification-and-intervention/maitri-mamata-panda

73 p. : 28 cm

A large proportion of people with eating disorders (EDs) are autistic, with comorbidity rates estimated up to 37% (Brede et al., 2020; Westwood & Tchanturia, 2017). In recent years, interest in the link between these conditions has grown rapidly, such that in 2020 the ‘Pathway for Eating disorders and Autism developed from Clinical Experience’ (PEACE) was developed, with the aim of training clinicians working within ED services to better understand and support their autistic clients (Tchanturia et al., 2020). Nonetheless, recovery rates for autistic adults with an ED remain poorer than the general population (Nielsen et al., 2015; Tchanturia et al., 2019), therefore urgent attention is needed to better understand how to meet the needs of these individuals. However, very little is known about why autistic people are so overrepresented within ED services. According to Brede et al. (2020), they may be more vulnerable than the general population to the development and maintenance of EDs for a number of reasons, including social difficulties; whereby it is hypothesized that ED behaviours may develop in autistic individuals as a response to social stress. This theory is underpinned by evidence that autistic people respond differently to social stress (Corbett et al., 2012), while social stress has also been found to increase ED-related behaviours – namely, decreasing the desire to eat - in people with EDs (Monteleone et al., 2020; Monteleone et al., 2018). However, the link between social stress and ED-related behaviour in autistic people has not been tested empirically. This study therefore aims to test whether exposing autistic individuals to a socially stressful situation leads to an increase in ED-related behaviours (e.g. reduced desire to eat, reduced hunger, increased desire to restrict intake, increased desire to purge, increased desire to exercise excessively) compared with a non-autistic control group. This study aims to test whether there exists a direct link between social stress and disordered eating in autistic adults, to provide evidence for Brede et al.’s (2020) theory.

AAP booklet on ASD titled "Understanding Autism Spectrum Disorder, ASD "

This article is from Frontiers in Human Neuroscience , volume 8 . Abstract Neuroimaging technologies and research has shown that autism is largely a disorder of neuronal connectivity. While advanced work is being done with fMRI, MRI-DTI, SPECT and other forms of structural and functional connectivity analyses, the use of EEG for these purposes is of additional great utility. Cantor et al. (1986) were the first to examine the utility of pairwise coherence measures for depicting connectivity impairments in autism. Since that time research has shown a combination of mixed over and under-connectivity that is at the heart of the primary symptoms of this multifaceted disorder. Nevertheless, there is reason to believe that these simplistic pairwise measurements under represent the true and quite complicated picture of connectivity anomalies in these persons. We have presented three different forms of multivariate connectivity analysis with increasing levels of sophistication (including one based on principle components analysis, sLORETA source coherence, and Granger causality) to present a hypothesis that more advanced statistical approaches to EEG coherence analysis may provide more detailed and accurate information than pairwise measurements. A single case study is examined with findings from MR-DTI, pairwise and coherence and these three forms of multivariate coherence analysis. In this case pairwise coherences did not resemble structural connectivity, whereas multivariate measures did. The possible advantages and disadvantages of different techniques are discussed. Future work in this area will be important to determine the validity and utility of these techniques.

This article is from Frontiers in Human Neuroscience , volume 8 . Abstract Neuroimaging technologies and research has shown that autism is largely a disorder of neuronal connectivity. While advanced work is being done with fMRI, MRI-DTI, SPECT and other forms of structural and functional connectivity analyses, the use of EEG for these purposes is of additional great utility. Cantor et al. (1986) were the first to examine the utility of pairwise coherence measures for depicting connectivity impairments in autism. Since that time research has shown a combination of mixed over and under-connectivity that is at the heart of the primary symptoms of this multifaceted disorder. Nevertheless, there is reason to believe that these simplistic pairwise measurements under represent the true and quite complicated picture of connectivity anomalies in these persons. We have presented three different forms of multivariate connectivity analysis with increasing levels of sophistication (including one based on principle components analysis, sLORETA source coherence, and Granger causality) to present a hypothesis that more advanced statistical approaches to EEG coherence analysis may provide more detailed and accurate information than pairwise measurements. A single case study is examined with findings from MR-DTI, pairwise and coherence and these three forms of multivariate coherence analysis. In this case pairwise coherences did not resemble structural connectivity, whereas multivariate measures did. The possible advantages and disadvantages of different techniques are discussed. Future work in this area will be important to determine the validity and utility of these techniques.

This article is from Frontiers in Human Neuroscience , volume 8 . Abstract Neuroimaging technologies and research has shown that autism is largely a disorder of neuronal connectivity. While advanced work is being done with fMRI, MRI-DTI, SPECT and other forms of structural and functional connectivity analyses, the use of EEG for these purposes is of additional great utility. Cantor et al. (1986) were the first to examine the utility of pairwise coherence measures for depicting connectivity impairments in autism. Since that time research has shown a combination of mixed over and under-connectivity that is at the heart of the primary symptoms of this multifaceted disorder. Nevertheless, there is reason to believe that these simplistic pairwise measurements under represent the true and quite complicated picture of connectivity anomalies in these persons. We have presented three different forms of multivariate connectivity analysis with increasing levels of sophistication (including one based on principle components analysis, sLORETA source coherence, and Granger causality) to present a hypothesis that more advanced statistical approaches to EEG coherence analysis may provide more detailed and accurate information than pairwise measurements. A single case study is examined with findings from MR-DTI, pairwise and coherence and these three forms of multivariate coherence analysis. In this case pairwise coherences did not resemble structural connectivity, whereas multivariate measures did. The possible advantages and disadvantages of different techniques are discussed. Future work in this area will be important to determine the validity and utility of these techniques.

This article is from Frontiers in Human Neuroscience , volume 8 . Abstract Neuroimaging technologies and research has shown that autism is largely a disorder of neuronal connectivity. While advanced work is being done with fMRI, MRI-DTI, SPECT and other forms of structural and functional connectivity analyses, the use of EEG for these purposes is of additional great utility. Cantor et al. (1986) were the first to examine the utility of pairwise coherence measures for depicting connectivity impairments in autism. Since that time research has shown a combination of mixed over and under-connectivity that is at the heart of the primary symptoms of this multifaceted disorder. Nevertheless, there is reason to believe that these simplistic pairwise measurements under represent the true and quite complicated picture of connectivity anomalies in these persons. We have presented three different forms of multivariate connectivity analysis with increasing levels of sophistication (including one based on principle components analysis, sLORETA source coherence, and Granger causality) to present a hypothesis that more advanced statistical approaches to EEG coherence analysis may provide more detailed and accurate information than pairwise measurements. A single case study is examined with findings from MR-DTI, pairwise and coherence and these three forms of multivariate coherence analysis. In this case pairwise coherences did not resemble structural connectivity, whereas multivariate measures did. The possible advantages and disadvantages of different techniques are discussed. Future work in this area will be important to determine the validity and utility of these techniques.