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This introductory chapter provides a general overview of the content of this monograph contains and its key areas of focus, namely a multi-faceted approach to country-of-origin (COO) and its dimensions, and country-of-origin effect (COE), including both consumer and strategic perspectives, as well as both developed countries and emerging/developing markets. Thus, it presents a general overview of the streams of research on the national origin of the companies/products/brands, as well as on the concept of COO and its dimensions, COI, COE, and related terms and concepts, such as “liability-of-origin”, the “made-in” label, geographical indications (GIs), etc. Moreover, various perspectives that can be adopted when considering these occurrences are discussed too. Finally, it states the novelty of the monograph, i.e. its interdisciplinary approach to the field, covering various aspects of COO, its implications for international business, further theoretical developments regarding COO, and empirical evidence delivered by scholars representing different fields of science.

This project aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) in the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), through an overview of systematic reviews comparing its effects with sham (placebo) or active treatments. The study will be conducted in the format of a rapid review, designed to synthesize clinical evidence in an efficient yet methodologically rigorous manner, based on systematic reviews published in the last five years. Major Depressive Disorder is one of the leading causes of global disability, significantly impacting quality of life, productivity, and public health. Although established treatments such as psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy are available, approximately 30% of patients fail to achieve full remission, which highlights the need for complementary therapeutic approaches. tDCS emerges as a non-invasive, low-cost neuromodulation technique with promising therapeutic potential, especially for patients who are resistant to conventional treatments. Following methodologies aligned with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, the rapid review will involve: the formulation of a structured research question (PICOT format), the development of systematic search strategies across multiple databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus, BVS, SCOPUS, Epistemonikos), independent screening by two reviewers, standardized data extraction, and assessment of methodological quality using the AMSTAR 2 tool. Expected outcomes include: A comprehensive synthesis of current evidence regarding the efficacy of tDCS in relieving depressive symptoms; Identification of the most effective technical protocols, considering parameters such as stimulation intensity, polarity, duration, and target area; A comparison of tDCS with other therapeutic interventions in terms of clinical efficacy, tolerability, and safety; The provision of scientific and technical support for clinical practice and for the development of mental health policies based on the best available evidence. Therefore, this project seeks to fill significant gaps in the scientific literature, especially considering the absence of recent evidence syntheses published in the last five years. It promotes the evidence-informed and responsible use of tDCS as a complementary therapeutic option for adults diagnosed with MDD. Ultimately, the results are expected to support clinical decision-making and contribute to expanding access to effective and safe mental health treatments.

Space philosopher and author Frank White discusses the impact of looking down at the Earth from above, and how it can create a shift in the way astronauts view and think about our planet and life itself. HWHAP Episode 107.

The geometrical structuring of a material to increase both physical and mechanical qualities is known as Severe plastic deformation (SPD). To obtain superior mechanical qualities, the co-channel angular plastic deformation (ECAP) approach, which is an alternative to conventional plastic deformation, is applied and developed. When compared to previous procedures, a substantially smaller grain size is obtained as a result of applying large unit deformation to the part in one go and rearrangement of dislocations. The method that has the most potential to find itself as a field of application today is ECAP, which of the extreme plastic processes is the most well-known, giving the combination of ductility and high strength, which is a rare attribute in materials. The effect of ECAP, a type of extreme deformation of plastic, on the mechanical characteristics of 5083 aluminium alloy was examined in this work.

Kevin leads a guided meditation.

Space philosopher and author Frank White discusses the impact of looking down at the Earth from above, and how it can create a shift in the way astronauts view and think about our planet and life itself. HWHAP Episode 107.

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Auburn University Profiles was a weekly radio program produced by Auburn University's Office of University Relations. Each daily program covered a topic of university, local, or national interest. Programs were about 4 1/2 minutes long and featured students, faculty, administrators, visiting scholars and celebrities.

Malaysia has evolved from a production-based to knowledge-based economy in order to stay relevant and compete in the global marketplace. Thus, the purpose of this article is to discuss current trends in Malaysian higher education and how these affect education policies and practices. Four main trends are discussed in this study: Globalization, Teaching and Learning, Governance, and the Knowledge-Based Society. These are followed by four elements that affect education policy and practices: Employability, Quality Assurance, Academia, and English Language Competency. The transformation that has taken place will surely contribute to the success of Malaysia's Vision 2020 policy of becoming a fully developed nation in the near future.

The treatment of individuals with mental disorders primarily occurs in the privacy of the consulting room and only to a limited extent in de natuur. Het verblijvennatural settings. However, spending time in a natural environment has been shown to promote recovery (Kaplan, 1995). The use of natural environments in addressing clinical disorders has, to date, been under-researched onderzocht (Frumkin et al., 2017), despite the potential health benefits that incorporating a natural environment into treatment may offer. This current study aims to catalogue the nature therapies employed with the clinical population of adults with PTSD and the outcomes achieved. Practically, the goal is to compile an overview of effective nature therapies that can be utilised for adults with PTSD. With this overview, psychologists can provide evidence-based advice to clients diagnosed with PTSD regarding the available options in the realm of nature therapies. The research question arising from this is: Which nature therapies have been employed with adults with PTSD and what effects have they produced? De behandeling van mensen met psychische stoornissen vindt veelal plaats in de beslotenheid van de spreekkamer en slechts op kleine schaal in de natuur. Het verblijven in een natuurlijke omgeving werkt echter herstel bevorderend (Kaplan, 1995). Het inzetten van een natuurlijke omgeving bij klinische stoornissen is tot nu toe weinig onderzocht (Frumkin et al., 2017) terwijl gebruikmaken van een natuurlijke omgeving in de behandeling van stoornissen een gezondheidsvoordeel kan opleveren. Deze huidige studie richt zich op het inventariseren welke natuurtherapieën zijn ingezet bij de klinische doelgroep van volwassenen met PTSS en met welk resultaat. Praktisch gezien wordt getracht een overzicht samen te stellen van effectieve natuurtherapieën die bij volwassenen met PTSS kunnen worden ingezet. Met behulp van dit overzicht kunnen psychologen cliënten met de diagnose PTSS gefundeerd adviseren over de mogelijkheden die er zijn op het gebied van op natuurtherapieën. De vraagstelling die hieruit voortvloeit is: Welke natuurtherapieën zijn ingezet bij volwassenen met PTSS en met welk effect?

Over the years, methodologists have been recommending that researchers use magnitude of effect estimates in result interpretation to highlight the distinction between statistical and practical significance (cf. R. Kirk, 1996). A magnitude of effect statistic (i.e., effect size) tells to what degree the dependent variable can be controlled, predicted, or explained by the independent variable (P. Snyder and S. Lawson, 1993). There are a number of ways one can compute an effect size statistic as part of data analysis. There is no concept of "one size fits all" (B. Thompson, 1999), so it is up to the smart researcher to choose the index best suited for a particular research endeavor. It has now become necessary that such a statistic always be included to enable other researchers to carry out meta-analyses and to inform judgment regarding the practical significance of results. This paper provides a tutorial summary of some of the effect size choices so that researchers will be able to follow the recommendations of the American Psychological Association (APA) publication manual, those of the APA Task Force on Statistical Inference, and the publication requirements of some journals. (Contains 3 tables and 11 references.) (Author/SLD)

This article is from Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences , volume 27 . Abstract Postnatal muscle hypertrophy of beef cattle is the result of enhanced myofibrillar protein synthesis and reduced protein turnover. Skeletal muscle hypertrophy has been studied in cattle fed β-adrenergic agonists (β-AA), which are receptor-mediated enhancers of protein synthesis and inhibitors of protein degradation. Feeding β-AA to beef cattle increases longissimus muscle cross-sectional area 6% to 40% compared to non-treated cattle. The β-AA have been reported to improve live animal performance, including average daily gain, feed efficiency, hot carcass weight, and dressing percentage. Treatment with β-AA increased mRNA concentration of the β2 or β1-adrenergic receptor and myosin heavy chain IIX in bovine skeletal muscle tissue. This review will examine the effects of skeletal muscle and adipose development with β-AA, and will interpret how the use of β-AA affects performance, body composition, and growth in beef cattle.

jsc2023m000112_Down_to_Earth_The_Ballad_of_the_Overview_Effect

jsc2023m000112_Down_to_Earth_The_Ballad_of_the_Overview_Effect

This sermon was recorded on Jan 18 th , 2015 at Unity Church of Flint in Michigan. In it I share a fascinating phenomenon that I recently discovered, that each of the 538 people who have viewed the earth from space has been indelibly altered by the experience. Each and every one has reported the feeling of a profound sense of interconnectedness, that each and every atom in the Universe was connected in some way; that all the humans, animals and systems were a part of the same thing, a synergistic whole, that “there are no borders or boundaries on our planet except those that we create in our minds or through human behaviors… That all those things that separate use from each other; geographic boundaries, politics, religious ideologies and creedal differences are all created by man, not by the universe, not by God.Harvard trained science writer Frank White call this the “Overview Effect,” and formed an institute to study this. Working with Astronauts and Neuroscientists, and astronauts they have determined that this shift in consciousness actually seems to “rewire” the same areas of the brain that are lit up when Buddhist Monks meditate, and religious people pray. I point out that 21 st century scientist such as Neil deGrasse Tyson, and 12 th century mystics such as Hildegard of Bingen both used the same terms to describe this same thing. I then explore the idea that many, including Astronaut Ron Garan and others believe that this “Orbital Perspective” will be put in the hands of more and more people as low cost spaceflight and high definition video will become the norm, and with that shift may come the true Cosmic Consciousness that spiritual practitioners have yearned for… and we can save the world.

Introduction:  Cochlear Implantation (CI) surgery has long been used as an effective treatment for children with bilateral profound sensorineural hearing loss who failed to benefit from the use of hearing aids. Among other factors, the age at which implantation is done is thought to have an effect on the speech progression outcome of patients postoperatively. Objectives:  The Jordanian CI Program) has limited resources, and Jordan has an underdeveloped early screening and intervention program for deafness. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of age at time of implantation on receptive and expressive language outcomes in Jordan, to guide funding and focus efforts on patient groups who would benefit most, thus reducing unnecessary longterm morbidity and disability, and improving cost efficiency Methods : Data was gathered from all major sectors in Jordan on patients who underwent CI from 2006 to 2018 (a total of 1815 patients). We compared the language outcome 2 to 4 years after implantation for patients aged below 3 years, 3 to under 6, 6 to under 9 years, and 9 and older at the time of implantation Results and Conclusion:  We found a statistically significant difference in language outcomes between patients aged below 6 years vs those 6 and older, with better receptive and expressive language outcomes in the younger age groups.

Biochar produced from biomass pyrolysis is becoming a powerful tool for carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction. Biochar C recalcitrance or biochar stability is the decisive property determining its carbon sequestration potential. The effect of pyrolysis process parameters on biochar stability is becoming a frontier of biochar study. This review discussed comprehensively how and why biomass compositions and physicochemical properties and biomass processing conditions such as pyrolysis temperature and reaction residence time affect the stability of biochar. The review found that relative high temperature (400–700 °C), long reaction residence time, slow heating rate, high pressure, the presence of some minerals and biomass feedstock of high-lignin content with large particle size are preferable to biochar stability. However, challenges exist to mediate the trade-offs between biochar stability and other potential wins. Strategies were then proposed to promote the utilization of biochar as a climate change mitigation tool.

Biochar produced from biomass pyrolysis is becoming a powerful tool for carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction. Biochar C recalcitrance or biochar stability is the decisive property determining its carbon sequestration potential. The effect of pyrolysis process parameters on biochar stability is becoming a frontier of biochar study. This review discussed comprehensively how and why biomass compositions and physicochemical properties and biomass processing conditions such as pyrolysis temperature and reaction residence time affect the stability of biochar. The review found that relative high temperature (400–700 °C), long reaction residence time, slow heating rate, high pressure, the presence of some minerals and biomass feedstock of high-lignin content with large particle size are preferable to biochar stability. However, challenges exist to mediate the trade-offs between biochar stability and other potential wins. Strategies were then proposed to promote the utilization of biochar as a climate change mitigation tool.

Biochar produced from biomass pyrolysis is becoming a powerful tool for carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction. Biochar C recalcitrance or biochar stability is the decisive property determining its carbon sequestration potential. The effect of pyrolysis process parameters on biochar stability is becoming a frontier of biochar study. This review discussed comprehensively how and why biomass compositions and physicochemical properties and biomass processing conditions such as pyrolysis temperature and reaction residence time affect the stability of biochar. The review found that relative high temperature (400–700 °C), long reaction residence time, slow heating rate, high pressure, the presence of some minerals and biomass feedstock of high-lignin content with large particle size are preferable to biochar stability. However, challenges exist to mediate the trade-offs between biochar stability and other potential wins. Strategies were then proposed to promote the utilization of biochar as a climate change mitigation tool.

The use of value-added models in education research has expanded rapidly. These models allow researchers to explore how a wide variety of policies and measured school inputs affect the academic performance of students. An important question is whether such effects are sufficiently large to achieve various policy goals. Judging whether a change in student achievement is important requires some meaningful point of reference. In certain cases a grade-equivalence scale or some other intuitive and policy relevant metric of educational achievement can be used. However, this is not the case with item response theory (IRT) scale-score measures common to the tests usually employed in value-added analyses. In such cases, researchers typically describe the impacts of various interventions in terms of "effect sizes", although conveying the intuition of such a measure to policymakers often is a challenge. This paper provides an overview of measuring effect sizes and explains the effect of measurement error. (Contains 2 tables and 6 notes.)

The use of value-added models in education research has expanded rapidly. These models allow researchers to explore how a wide variety of policies and measured school inputs affect the academic performance of students. An important question is whether such effects are sufficiently large to achieve various policy goals. Judging whether a change in student achievement is important requires some meaningful point of reference. In certain cases a grade-equivalence scale or some other intuitive and policy relevant metric of educational achievement can be used. However, this is not the case with item response theory (IRT) scale-score measures common to the tests usually employed in value-added analyses. In such cases, researchers typically describe the impacts of various interventions in terms of "effect sizes", although conveying the intuition of such a measure to policymakers often is a challenge. This paper provides an overview of measuring effect sizes and explains the effect of measurement error. (Contains 2 tables and 6 notes.)

The use of value-added models in education research has expanded rapidly. These models allow researchers to explore how a wide variety of policies and measured school inputs affect the academic performance of students. An important question is whether such effects are sufficiently large to achieve various policy goals. Judging whether a change in student achievement is important requires some meaningful point of reference. In certain cases a grade-equivalence scale or some other intuitive and policy relevant metric of educational achievement can be used. However, this is not the case with item response theory (IRT) scale-score measures common to the tests usually employed in value-added analyses. In such cases, researchers typically describe the impacts of various interventions in terms of "effect sizes", although conveying the intuition of such a measure to policymakers often is a challenge. This paper provides an overview of measuring effect sizes and explains the effect of measurement error. (Contains 2 tables and 6 notes.)