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The role of various synthetic fuels, for ground transportation in the United States, was examined for the near term (by 1985) and the longer term applications (1985-2000 and beyond 2000). Feasible options include synthetic oil, methanol, electric propulsion, and hydrogen. It is concluded that (1) the competition during the next 50 years will be for the fuels of all types, rather than among the fuels; (2) extensive domestic oil and gas exploration should be initiated concurrent with the development of several alternate fuels and related ancillaries; and (3) hydrogen, as an automotive fuel, seems to be equivalent to gasoline for optimum fuel to air mixtures. As a pollution free, high energy density fuel, hydrogen deserves consideration as the logical replacement for the hydrocarbons. Several research and development requirements, essential for the implementation of hydrogen economy for ground transportation, were identified. Extensive engineering development and testing activities should be initiated to establish hydrogen as the future automotive fuel, followed by demonstration projects and concerted efforts at public education.

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Alcohol inol. re- distilled nrd technical alcohol Fuels incl. diesel fuel end raw , soline Solvents incl. acitada (sic),butanol. nethanol, pherylathana, acetone 1'yt solids (Hartfette) incl. v-axes anti s;rnthetic ,tty acids industriri lu,ric-ting oils, incl: au;otncbi_'e oil 1ne t . "--A ii}-am -2y'Zinder z.11 lJ vO:' l~~`~. T. tdC eLt a.,) Coal tar products incl., ritch, lignite and r 7 w4 !1`64i.'.~ie acid ?d4 +,-4. F Approved For Rele .planned Froduction o`' Sy i hobo -RDP82-00457R008700090013-0 L IN LLI flNCE AGENCY ,C'1.8 and Uf,'zica1:3 iii Ulil? i iVa -ye rr s:lq~' (itaounis are given in _100O metric tone) 1 49 58 67 f1 p146 1,267 1,tit? 1.15 118 1 125 130 140 49 65 86 112 112 120 1 R ~ ',R97) (5234) (35.1) (41 (14) (4) nog morn 31C (4) 4 S8`f'P Approved For Release 200 -::CIA-RDP82-00457R008700090013-0 7$ (37,8} (4 4079

http://uf.catalog.fcla.edu/uf.jsp?st=UF025956814&ix=pm&I=0&V=D&pm=1

Approved For R I ~a 2 3 q1 82-004 4Q9 :c ! F ATiON REPORT Cr) NO.. CONFIDENTIAL SUBJECT Plannod Production and Distribution of Synthetic Liquid Fuels in March 1951 for Ger ran--Ovmc Enterprises and SAG PLf.C ACQUIRED Owings, Berlin 25X1A 25X1X The folio: intg tables show the liquid synthetic fuel allo-tmm- nts ir, tc;ns for by ;larch 1951 t DD1 industzlies b ;>AG and C~cay.1a -ct od end errm1.sos Document No - ___________ 110 Change in Class. ^ Declassified Class. Changes To: TS 3 if) Ruth.: HR 71.1 175 Date: __QiIa$ - - By: p? -_ CONFIDENTIAL LI k:P c' 1J,>i.. Approved For Release 2001/03/05: CIA-RDP82-00457R007400160001-6 -Apprved Fo ReI ase 201 /03/05: CIA-R P82- 04 7R 07 001 0001-6 95X1Ar cold- t? rx e1 :s^, osti sw! r r-4 V-1 Cl c ( tit "l, C.r # C ZZIN se 2004/03/05: kIA-RDF82-00k57 1007 08160001-6 25X1A ROb1400 i. S C. C.~ 1!1 4k? i = 1 Approved ;For Release 2001032 PP2-0045 2sx1 aaroNQ or tele se 2b01/03/0$f:'yC1A ROPE q Approv d_,ppr;-,yR' leash 2061L0$/Q5 01-6 -RDP82-00457R007400160001-6 ~,41 "ID n; it, /05 : C -RDP82-00457R007400160001-6 Approved For Release 2001/03/05: CIA-RDP82-00457R007400160001-6 4PDENTIAL le, L2L:~j CENT r ^L J I TT LI,'JTG -:NCL .'; `? 2

This item represents an oral argument audio file as scraped from a U.S. Government website by Free Law Project.

8:15 | #Elxn44 Winners' CircleRyan is joined by newcomer NDP Blake Desjarlais, who flipped the riding of Edmonton-Griesbach, six-time election victor Conservative Mike Lake from Wetaskiwin-Edmonton, and Edmonton-Centre's Liberal MP-elect Randy Boissonnault.46:30 | The #RealTalkRoundTable compares electric vehicles against synthetic fuels (aka e-fuels) with Top Gear magazine's Paul Horrell, University of Windsor's Dr. Nick Eaves, and Electric Vehicle Association in Alberta's Andrew Bell.1:42:52 | #EatYourWords | Ryan invites conservative pundit Rona Ambrose to rethink her defence of Alberta premier Jason Kenney's pandemic response, during Monday's election night coverage.Presented by Prairie Catering2:01:09 | Real Talkers blow off some steam with #TrashTalk.Presented by Local Waste

Approved For Release 2007/11/19: CIA-RDP83M00914R001200030027-1 16 February 1982 NOTE FOR: Executive Director FROM: Deputy Director, Office of External Affairs SUBJECT: Request for Background Briefing for Synthetic Fuels Corporation John, 1. Sorry to come back to this yet again, but the nature of this request has changed rather drastically since first call. It now should be considered on its merits and not as a special favor to . 2. Since Synthetic Fuels is one of those quasi-Government agencies with enormous responsibility for investment of U.S. funds, it seems to me we should be helpful if we can. The Corporation is gearing up to make decisions at a 2 March Board meeting. I am told by Office of Global Issues that such request is not unusual, that they have information on foreign activities in this-area which might be useful to the Corporation, and that they can provide temporary security clearances up to Secret to recipients of such briefings. This apparently can be done without undue processing. 3. 1 recommend we provide the briefing. If you agree, I will relay the request to the DDI, who will make the final determination (o basis of available information, available analysts, etc). .APPROVE (go ahead) DISAGREE (hold off) : If you agree we should go ahead, I see no reason to make a point of excluding He should be treated like all the rest. STAT STAT STAT STAT Tt4 c F r?' LoP~R. -L A/LM C 5 7W r ct.) .Dt 73QiLf6-D ~cc~,2~~~rt.~. t r- 7 u_~ t`f*Veiv r Il'E1v PnPeA- 'i7? FdiZ 7?V-5i. - .10D TN-i `( ,w-P "01r. 7f7Lf~7 ~s l c( ICY -- /F STAT QTAT r~~~J" ~.. ..r_ ..n ~..-i&i J ~._7- ,t An./ _ cam. c~_ T~ Approved For Release 2007/11/19: CIA-RDP83M00914R001200030027-1 Approved For Release 2007/11/19: CIA-RDP83M00914R001200030027-1 United States IUSIA(*ANU t-EES PAID Synthetic Fuels Corporation U.S. SYNTHETICCORPORATION Washington, D.C. 20586 SFC-352 OFFICIAL BUSINESS PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE, $300 The Honorable William J. Casey Director Central Intelligence Agency Washington, D.C. 20505 Approved For Release 2007/11/19: CIA-RDP83M00914R001200030027-1

Correlations of hydrogen content with aromatics content, heat of combustion, and smoke point are derived for some synthetic fuels prepared from oil and coal syncrudes. Comparing the results of the aromatics content with correlations derived for petroleum fuels shows that the shale-derived fuels fit the petroleum-based correlations, but the coal-derived fuels do not. The correlations derived for heat of combustion and smoke point are comparable to some found for petroleum-based correlations. Calculated values of hydrogen content and of heat of combustion are obtained for the synthetic fuels by use of ASTM estimation methods. Comparisons of the measured and calculated values show biases in the equations that exceed the critical statistics values. Comparison of the measured hydrogen content by the standard ASTM combustion method with that by a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method shows a decided bias. The comparison of the calculated and measured NMR hydrogen contents shows a difference similar to that found with petroleum fuels.

Correlations of hydrogen content with aromatics content, heat of combustion, and smoke point are derived for some synthetic fuels prepared from oil and coal syncrudes. Comparing the results of the aromatics content with correlations derived for petroleum fuels shows that the shale-derived fuels fit the petroleum-based correlations, but the coal-derived fuels do not. The correlations derived for heat of combustion and smoke point are comparable to some found for petroleum-based correlations. Calculated values of hydrogen content and of heat of combustion are obtained for the synthetic fuels by use of ASTM estimation methods. Comparisons of the measured and calculated values show biases in the equations that exceed the critical statistics values. Comparison of the measured hydrogen content by the standard ASTM combustion method with that by a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method shows a decided bias. The comparison of the calculated and measured NMR hydrogen contents shows a difference similar to that found with petroleum fuels.

The Workshop emphasized the technical aspects of synthetic jet fuels. The purpose was to examine what is known about synfuels, highlight current research programs, and suggest areas of basic research which are important to the future use of synthetic hydrocarbon fuels in jet aircraft.

Today's big EV stories:•?All-electric Mercedes G-Wagen to appear in Munich•?US: Kia Introduces 2022 Niro EV, Raises Price•?Lithium-ion battery pioneer Akira Yoshino on future of electric vehicles•?2022 Ford Focus spy photos reveal large Tesla-style touchscreen•?Lotus confirms four new electric cars including two SUVs by 2026•?Jay Leno Reviews 2022 Mercedes EQS •?Vauxhall's electric Combo-e goes on sale•?EVs that sold the fastest and slowest in August•?Design competition launches to reimagine EV charging stations•?Ford planning Mach-E updates to extend range in 2022, 2023, and 2024

Today's big EV stories:•?All-electric Mercedes G-Wagen to appear in Munich•?US: Kia Introduces 2022 Niro EV, Raises Price•?Lithium-ion battery pioneer Akira Yoshino on future of electric vehicles•?2022 Ford Focus spy photos reveal large Tesla-style touchscreen•?Lotus confirms four new electric cars including two SUVs by 2026•?Jay Leno Reviews 2022 Mercedes EQS •?Vauxhall's electric Combo-e goes on sale•?EVs that sold the fastest and slowest in August•?Design competition launches to reimagine EV charging stations•?Ford planning Mach-E updates to extend range in 2022, 2023, and 2024

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Matt Simmonite joins me for a deep dive into Synthetic and eFuels. Matt currently races at a club level using P1 Fuels carbon neutral synthetic fuels and has a great understanding of the topic. We coves some of the positives and negatives along with some common beliefs and misconceptions. Will we all be driving our cars with E Fuels in the future?http://www.p1fuels.com/Enjoy,SamShow Notes:00:00 - Intro03:04 - What's the difference between all the fuels?10:13 - Synthetic fuels for mainstream use17:36 - Volume of production22:47 - ULES and urban air quality29:50 - Pushing EV tech forward38:22 - Synthetic fuel cost49:30 - Synthetic fuel use-cases1:04:15 - 5 Questions  Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The purpose of the investigation was to evaluate the applicability, to some synthetic fuels, of some gas chromatographic methods now under development for use with petroleum based fuels. Thirty-two jet and diesel fuel samples which were prepared from oil shale and coal syncrudes were examined. The boiling range distribution of each was determined by gas chromatography, and from that data distillation properties were calculated. The calculated results gave sufficient agreement with the measured values that the equations could be useable in their present form. Bulk fuel properties were calculated for the sixteen JP-5 and Diesel No. 2 type fuels. The results show that the equations would not give useable results. Capillary column gas chromatography was used to determine the n-alkane content of the eight JP-5 type samples and the results related to the observed freezing points. The results show that the concentrations of the long straight chain molecules in the fuels exert influence on the freezing point but are not the complete controlling factor.

The effects of selected high density and conventional jet fuels on the growth kinetics of a soil microorganism were determined. A culture of Enterobacter clocacae isolated from soil was exposed to various concentrations of each fuel in a mineral salts medium and bacterial growth was monitored turbidimetrically and by viable count techniques. Effects were indicated by observing changes in maximum bacterial growth, growth rate, lag time, and death rate. The majority of the fuels studied manifested their effects by decreasing the number of viable organisms during the stationary growth period. Stable emulsion formation resulted in erroneous turbidimetric determinations. The applicability of bacterial systems as indicators of toxicity of water insoluble jet propellants was discussed.

The effects of selected high density and conventional jet fuels on the growth kinetics of a soil microorganism were determined. A culture of Enterobacter clocacae isolated from soil was exposed to various concentrations of each fuel in a mineral salts medium and bacterial growth was monitored turbidimetrically and by viable count techniques. Effects were indicated by observing changes in maximum bacterial growth, growth rate, lag time, and death rate. The majority of the fuels studied manifested their effects by decreasing the number of viable organisms during the stationary growth period. Stable emulsion formation resulted in erroneous turbidimetric determinations. The applicability of bacterial systems as indicators of toxicity of water insoluble jet propellants was discussed.

ILLEGIB Approved For Release 2005/06/08 : CIA-RDP78TO5439A000300150007-9 Approved For Release 2005/06/08 : CIA-RDP78TO5439A000300150007-9 Approve F r* p 3 Papas d, 44 Vo MCI,' 0 50007-9 N P I C/R-75/64 Fe6ruory .1964 ~PHOTOGRAPHEC INTERPRETATION 13RIEF SYNTHETIC 'FUELS PLANT KRASNOYE, .t , ANGARSK, USSR CIA NATIONAL PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION CENTER l Declass Review by,, NIMA/ D ~S. TOP SECRET iV~ 25X1 TOP SECRET Title- Synthetic Fuels Plant Krasnoye, Angarsk, USSR .25X1 D Goo Coords: 52-33N 103-56E NPIC Target No: 0200-1-A R.t

From advanced techniques that allow us to create plants that store a significant amount of energy, to microorganisms that convert carbohydrates into advanced biofuels for our existing transportation infrastructure, these are some of the most mind-bending innovations on the planet.

AD-A299 090

AD-A299 090

AD-A299 090

Approved For Release 2004/Mp : Cf 4Rep B04560A002100010017-7 Copy ...0117 N P I C/R-75/64 2 Pages February 1964 SYNTHETIC FUELS PLANT KRASNOYE, ANGARSK, USSR TOP SECRET ~~ eraoua i / dew rod.,. aid declasslfic Approved rfte/ IW"QB-W04560A002100010017-7 Afc~~a 25X1 Approve r R a 0 /05/12: CIA-RDP78BO456OA002 00010017-7 25X1 D 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 D 25X1 25X1 25X1 Synthetic Fuels Plant Krasnoye, 52-33N 103-56L Angarsk, USSR N P I C Target No: 0200-1-A NATIONAL PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION CENTER Title Geo Coords: References: USATC Series 200, Sheet 0200-2211L, 2d ed, May 62 (S) NPIC Project N-61/64 (PC-52-64) Synthetic Fuels Plant Krasnoye (Combine and smoke precluded the identification of some quality hotography provided the first good stereo coverage of this area and made possible the identification of most of the units of Combine 16, although haze Among the facilities identified at Comt)lnc 25X1 D 16 on the photography is a water- gas installation (item 32, Figure 2). 1'he method employed here appears to be the Fischer- Tropsch process in which coal is synthesized into heavy oil by means of open retorts and contact ovens. An adjacent refinery distills the oil into petroleum products. One of the by-product facilities of the water- gas installation is an ammonia synthesis plant (Figure 1 and item 28, Figure 2). Some of the gases from the blow run arc carried by overhead pipes from the retorts to the ammonia plant where they are synthesized. It is believed that nitric acid is one of the end products of this process. 25X1 TOP SECRET A five-stack thermal electric power plant (`1'1=:1'S-1), with an estimated capacity of 290 megawatts, and its switching yard are located at the north end of Combine 16 (item 9, Figure 2). No other switching yards, substations, or rectifier buildings have been observed at the Date: l~cbruary 1964 ET 1A 5a- I f." ivl FIGURE 1. AMMONIA SYNTHESIS PLANT, IC t-ULL2) PHOTO INTERPRETATION BRIEF Publication No: NI'IC/R.-75/64 25X1A 25X1 25X1 B 25X1 B 25X1 25X1 25X1 D 25X1 Approved For Release 2004/05/12 : CIA-RDP78BO456OA002100010017-7 Approved For Release 2004/05/12 : CIA-RDP78BO456OA002100010017-7 Item Description i1 De~4c m pno, Item Description i !Item Description 1 Rail spur; (5) 2 Railroad station 9 Thermal electric power plant 17 Gas holders 25 Coolin towe 3 C l 1() Oil synthesis facility (3 bldg,) 18 Road and streetcar tracks g r 26 S oa conveyers with hoppers (2) 4 Coal fora e a 11 Gas holders 19 Gas .stabilization unit ertice bldgs (2) 27 Mai g rea 5 Open stora e area 12 Sulfur removal unit,, 20 Pass pipe furnace ntenance bldg 28 Ammonia l g 6 Contact-ove bld 1 d 13 Cooling towers (3) 21 Tank farm p ant 29 Oil n g., ( > rogee) 7 Contact-oven bldgs (water as) 14 Guard wall 22 1 In firm arv reservoirs 30 Gas holders (3) g 8 Cooling towers (4) 5 Cooling towers (2) 23 Main enirance 31 Nitric acid re i 16 Overhead pipeline to oil refinery 24 Laboratories p parat on 32 Water-gas retorts 0 25X1 FIGURE 2. SYNTHETIC FUELS PLANT KRASNOYE, ANGARSK, USSR 25X1 D 25X1 Approved For Release 2004/05/12 : CIA-RDP78BO456OA002100010017-7 Approved For Release 2004/05/1 ~-EK RD P78B04560A002100010017-7 TOP SECRET Approved For Release 2004/05/12 : CIA-RDP78B04560A002100010017-7

Document number CIA-RDP82-00457R008700090012-1 declassified and released through the CIA's CREST database. Previously available only on four computers located outside of Washington D.C., the Agency was successfully pressured into putting the files online as a result of a MuckRock lawsuit and the efforts of Emma Best. The metadata was collected by Data.World, and the files are now being archived and made text searchable by the Internet Archive.

Partial Contents: World and Long-Term Energy View; U.S. Aviation in the Fuel Market; U.S. Petroleum Forecasting; Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR); Petroleum Refining and Aviation Fuels; Natural Gas; Synthetic Fuels for Aviation; Cryogenic Fuels and Other; Aviation Propulsion; Alternative Ground Fuels and Energy Sources; Fuel Conservation in Aviation and Disruption of U.S. Crude Oil Imports.

The outgassing characteristics of two synthetic fuels proposed for Navy use were investigated to determine whether potentially toxic gases could be released into ships' atmospheres. The synthetic fuels studied were: (1) shale diesel fuel W-375 prepared to conform to MIL-F-16884G and (2) shale jet fuel W-383 prepared to conform to MIL-T-5624K. These outgassing characteristics of the synthetic fuels were compared to the outgassing characteristics of a conventional petroleum fuel conforming to MIL-16884G obtained from USS PONCE (LPD 15). Single samples of each fuel were sequentially exposed to temperatures of 50, 150, and 250 C for 3 hours at each temperature, and the types and amounts of the outgassed products were determined. Carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, aldehydes, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur dioxide were outgassed. Of these, only the amount of carbon monoxide produced by diesel fuel W-375 and the amount of aldehydes produced by the conventional diesel fuel were relatively significant since each exceeded the Threshold Limit Value for these constituents by a factor of about 13. Some decomposition was evidenced when fuel W-375 was heated up to 245 C. It is recommended that similar studies be performed with more types of synthetic fuels as these develop and become available in order to establish a better comparison of outgassing between these fuels and the conventional fuels. (Author)

When some elastomer (rubber) compounds, and specifically those used for seals in fuel-wetted components of vehicles and equipment, are suddenly switch-loaded from a fuel of given composition to one of a somewhat different composition, swell/shrink issues relating to seal performance may arise, possibly leading to fuel leakage. The key objective of this study was to evaluate what happens to the elastomers with sudden switches from a conventional (petroleum-derived) fuel to a synthetic (non-aromatic) paraffinic fuel produced from natural gas using gas-to-liquids (GTL) and Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis processes with or without surrogate aromatics. Results from this evaluation indicate that, for the nitrile elastomers evaluated, relatively large swings in swell occur with switches between fuels of varying levels of aromatic content and the synthetic aviation turbine fuel containing no aromatics. These observations support the conclusion that impact on the nitrile elastomer when switch-loading synthetic (non-aromatic) and petroleum-derived fuel, is highly dependent on aromatic hydrocarbon type and concentration.

Please keep all comments and debates civil, no vulgarities, ECT... US Coal Oil /synthetic fuel alternative production is compromised by the fascist liberal (Al Gore's) global warming agenda. The production of synthetic fuel uses a lot of energy and produces a lot of carbon dioxide. At the prices that oil is now it could be done economically IF the global warming advocates weren't trying to force carbon credits. As a result since the US is held to higher standards, it probably can't economically be done in the US. So more jobs will be lost overseas to countries that have lower emission standards. The net result will be lost US jobs, increased fuel prices, and increased worldwide pollution, thanks to fascist liberals with their global warming hysteria.

Please keep all comments and debates civil, no vulgarities, ECT... US Coal Oil /synthetic fuel alternative production is compromised by the fascist liberal (Al Gore's) global warming agenda. The production of synthetic fuel uses a lot of energy and produces a lot of carbon dioxide. At the prices that oil is now it could be done economically IF the global warming advocates weren't trying to force carbon credits. As a result since the US is held to higher standards, it probably can't economically be done in the US. So more jobs will be lost overseas to countries that have lower emission standards. The net result will be lost US jobs, increased fuel prices, and increased worldwide pollution, thanks to fascist liberals with their global warming hysteria.

Please keep all comments and debates civil, no vulgarities, ECT... US Coal Oil /synthetic fuel alternative production is compromised by the fascist liberal (Al Gore's) global warming agenda. The production of synthetic fuel uses a lot of energy and produces a lot of carbon dioxide. At the prices that oil is now it could be done economically IF the global warming advocates weren't trying to force carbon credits. As a result since the US is held to higher standards, it probably can't economically be done in the US. So more jobs will be lost overseas to countries that have lower emission standards. The net result will be lost US jobs, increased fuel prices, and increased worldwide pollution, thanks to fascist liberals with their global warming hysteria.

This STAF reviews the broad problem of the impact on the U.S. Army of the use of synthetic fuels (defined as a non-petroleum derived fuel) over the time period of 1975 to 2000. The STAF is divided into three basic parts. The first part involves a forecast of which synthetic fuels will have a major impact in the time period under study. In the second part of the STAF, those alternate fuels identified as the most feasible synthetic fuels in the future were subjected to detailed analyses. The third part of the STAF consists of the identification of a number of areas which appear to offer promise for fruitful R and D in the synthetic fuel area.

Department of Energy management and technical direction of fossil fuel demonstration projects differ substantially from that contemplated by Synthetic Fuels Corporation officials. Under requirements of the Energy Security Act of 1980, the Synthetic Fuels Corporation cannot have any direct role in the construction or operation of a demonstration project. Although the Corporation can participate in management decisions, primary management responsibility must be given to the private sponsor of the project. While DOE would use over 100 staff members for monitoring and direction, the Corporation may only have one full-time employee devoted to the project relying more heavily on the sponsor's management and control system. (Author)

The long term performance and durability evaluation of a compression ignition (CI) engine for a diesel power generator using ultra low sulfur diesel (ULSD) and Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene, or SPK, (S-8) fuels have been investigated under military specifications. The brake specific fuel consumptions (BSFC) were 0.308 + or - 0.013 and 0.267 + or - 0.019 kg/kW-hr for ULSD and S-8, respectively. The corresponding brake thermal efficiencies (BTE) were 0.287 + or - 0.002 and 0.326 + or - 0.006. Degradation of engine performance or engine part wear was not observed during these test periods. Analysis of lubricating oil suggests negligible engine part wear. The frequency and power output of the generator, however, were not as stable with S-8 as they were with ULSD. These power and frequency instabilities can be attributed to higher volatility and lower density and viscosity of S-8, all of which affect the fuel injection characteristics.

An experimental pilot-plant program is described which has demonstrated that specification JP-4 wide-cut type and Jet A narrow-cut type aviation turbine fuels may be produced from domestic shale oils. Three shale oils and two coal-derived liquids were evaluated in the program, which is the second phase in a three phase overall program. The original whole crude samples were assayed and fractionated to yield kerosene-boiling-range feedstocks for catalytic hydrotreatment experiments. Three levels of hydrotreatment severity were investigated, using nickel-molybdenum and cobalt-molybdenum catalysts. Hydrotreated products were fractionated and reblended to yield finished fuels. The experimnetally obtained process and analytical information will be used in the third phase of the program to provide a basis for an engineering and and economic evaluation of the effect of the use of synthetic crude oil in a refinery processing both petroleum and synthetic crude. (Author)

The outgassing characteristics of two synthetic fuels proposed for Navy use were investigated to determine whether potentially toxic gases could be released into ships' atmospheres. The synthetic fuels studied were: (1) shale diesel fuel W-375 prepared to conform to MIL-F-16884G and (2) shale jet fuel W-383 prepared to conform to MIL-T-5624K. These outgassing characteristics of the synthetic fuels were compared to the outgassing characteristics of a conventional petroleum fuel conforming to MIL-16884G obtained from USS PONCE (LPD 15). Single samples of each fuel were sequentially exposed to temperatures of 50, 150, and 250 C for 3 hours at each temperature, and the types and amounts of the outgassed products were determined. Carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, aldehydes, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur dioxide were outgassed. Of these, only the amount of carbon monoxide produced by diesel fuel W-375 and the amount of aldehydes produced by the conventional diesel fuel were relatively significant since each exceeded the Threshold Limit Value for these constituents by a factor of about 13. Some decomposition was evidenced when fuel W-375 was heated up to 245 C. It is recommended that similar studies be performed with more types of synthetic fuels as these develop and become available in order to establish a better comparison of outgassing between these fuels and the conventional fuels. (Author)

c1982

Document number CIA-RDP82-00457R007000040002-2 declassified and released through the CIA's CREST database. Previously available only on four computers located outside of Washington D.C., the Agency was successfully pressured into putting the files online as a result of a MuckRock lawsuit and the efforts of Emma Best. The metadata was collected by Data.World, and the files are now being archived and made text searchable by the Internet Archive.

Document number CIA-RDP82-00457R007000040002-2 declassified and released through the CIA's CREST database. Previously available only on four computers located outside of Washington D.C., the Agency was successfully pressured into putting the files online as a result of a MuckRock lawsuit and the efforts of Emma Best. The metadata was collected by Data.World, and the files are now being archived and made text searchable by the Internet Archive.

Document number CIA-RDP82-00457R007000040002-2 declassified and released through the CIA's CREST database. Previously available only on four computers located outside of Washington D.C., the Agency was successfully pressured into putting the files online as a result of a MuckRock lawsuit and the efforts of Emma Best. The metadata was collected by Data.World, and the files are now being archived and made text searchable by the Internet Archive.

Document number CIA-RDP82-00457R007000040002-2 declassified and released through the CIA's CREST database. Previously available only on four computers located outside of Washington D.C., the Agency was successfully pressured into putting the files online as a result of a MuckRock lawsuit and the efforts of Emma Best. The metadata was collected by Data.World, and the files are now being archived and made text searchable by the Internet Archive.

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This report briefly summarizes the results of a project designed to anticipate materials deterioration problems resulting from the use of synthetic fuels (fuels not derived from petroleum) in engine combustors. The project consisted of surveying organizations engaged in testing and evaluating synthetic fuels in engine combustion tests. Also the compositions and properties of various synthetic fuels were compiled and analyzed while relating these data to possible materials problems when these fuels are burned in engine combustors. This report identifies some rather minor materials problems encountered in the few short-term combustor tests run and reported upon to date. There appears to be no major materials problems associated with the use of snythetic fuels that cannot be remedied by special processing and treatments on the synthetic fuels.

This report briefly summarizes the results of a project designed to anticipate materials deterioration problems resulting from the use of synthetic fuels (fuels not derived from petroleum) in engine combustors. The project consisted of surveying organizations engaged in testing and evaluating synthetic fuels in engine combustion tests. Also the compositions and properties of various synthetic fuels were compiled and analyzed while relating these data to possible materials problems when these fuels are burned in engine combustors. This report identifies some rather minor materials problems encountered in the few short-term combustor tests run and reported upon to date. There appears to be no major materials problems associated with the use of snythetic fuels that cannot be remedied by special processing and treatments on the synthetic fuels.

Approved For Rel 2O(W1T6II 111HPUTIAL I FO. TI REPORT COUNTRY SUBJECT Gei ..,f.ry (Russian Zone) Production and Distribution of Synthetic Li :i uid Fuels, w anuery and February 1951 25X1A 25X1A Document No. No Change In Mass. GIASS. Changed To: TS $ C 4. Table D gives the planned production and distribution cif synthetic liquid fuels for the SAGS for February 1951,, Table C gives the planned produeticn and distribution of synthetic liquid fuels for the Volkseigene Bet iebe for February l1951., ., ,q~ ue .a for the valkseigen : bt triebe for January 1951, Table B gives the planned production and distribution of synthetic liquid fuels for the SAGs for January s951 CO NO,. 25X1A DATE DISTR.. is APR 51 NO. OF PAGES 1 NO.OF ENCLS. 1 (6 pages) (LISTED BELOW) SUPPLEMENT TO REPORT NO. 25X1X 25X1X Table A gives the planned production and distribution of synthetic -i id f 1 STATE ; NAVY NSRB 1_y DISTRIBUTION ARMY 1?J_ AIR E81 CLASSIFICATION S? Approved For Release 2001/03/05: CIA-RD 7' IAL tad4ttttj 50013.2 TS35~

Approver' For Release 2002 8 08 : CIA-RDP82-00457R0070000400 CENT ?AL I'';7ELUG131ENCE AGENCY REPORT ?.jO CO'' J NNTRY 25X PJECT PLACE ACW RED 25,tA OF MFO. 25X1 CLASSIFICATION CONFIDENTIAL Approved For Release 2002/08/08 : CIA-RDP82-00457R007000040002-2 ' MATRON REPORT C,er!'ar y (P'lao ,ian Zone) CONFIDENTIAL Planned Froduction of Synthetic Liquid Fuels for the F-_' -st ~uarter of 1951 CD NO. OATE GIST . 1 ..^. AR 51 NO. OF PAGES NO. OF ENCI_S. (LISTED BELOW SUPPLEMENT TO REPORT NO, The fob -; irag :. st g1ve We total pied prod-action of x f ? ;? F q; fuels in `:he DDR. for the first quarter of 1..9 51 for c'i z=: S~ .. c n dor eat1c econor;:y^ B5h1en Gasoline in tong 15 , 030 Pizaei O. is t~n s 5400 is Edder:' t2, 500 :x.10 Golzwa 2,750 7x, 5C'=C3 Kapsex, 24240 ?t, 3"C Louna i14 100 Leuna i?D11P Le 6,000 L.tzkent:~.?rf 4085 4,380 to ei t9" 2,310 8chr w say idq 64000 3..r, X50 Y ebau. 800 .3k>7 O Zeits 25,370 73/3sdo rf W0 Rerren;.e:;_ t;,e 800 72,085 54, 19O This document is hereby regraded to CONFIDE; ; :f-;AL in accordance with the letter Of 16 Ocioer 1978 from the Director of Central Intelligence to the Archivist of the United States. Next Review Date: 2008 25X1A 25X1