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Programming Python by Mark Lutz
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1Python And Robots: Teaching Programming In High School
“Python And Robots: Teaching Programming In High School” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Python And Robots: Teaching Programming In High School
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ➤ pyvideo_413___python-and-robots-teaching-programming-in-high-school
Downloads Information:
The book is available for download in "movies" format, the size of the file-s is: 658.39 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 114 times, the file-s went public at Sat Sep 24 2016.
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2Github.com-zhiwehu-Python-programming-exercises_-_2019-05-17_14-33-46
By zhiwehu
100+ Python challenging programming exercises To restore the repository download the bundle wget https://archive.org/download/github.com-zhiwehu-Python-programming-exercises_-_2019-05-17_14-33-46/zhiwehu-Python-programming-exercises_-_2019-05-17_14-33-46.bundle and run: git clone zhiwehu-Python-programming-exercises_-_2019-05-17_14-33-46.bundle Source: https://github.com/zhiwehu/Python-programming-exercises Uploader: zhiwehu Upload date: 2019-05-17
“Github.com-zhiwehu-Python-programming-exercises_-_2019-05-17_14-33-46” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Github.com-zhiwehu-Python-programming-exercises_-_2019-05-17_14-33-46
- Author: zhiwehu
“Github.com-zhiwehu-Python-programming-exercises_-_2019-05-17_14-33-46” Subjects and Themes:
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ➤ github.com-zhiwehu-Python-programming-exercises_-_2019-05-17_14-33-46
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The book is available for download in "software" format, the size of the file-s is: 0.32 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 81 times, the file-s went public at Tue May 28 2019.
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3Intro To Programming With Python And Tkinter Lecture 10 Parta
By chieh
Learn how to create a picture display. This lecture will mainly concentrate on the idea of variables. The different types of variables includes integer, float, string and boolean. We will also take a look at the concept of global and local variables in python.
“Intro To Programming With Python And Tkinter Lecture 10 Parta” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Intro To Programming With Python And Tkinter Lecture 10 Parta
- Author: chieh
“Intro To Programming With Python And Tkinter Lecture 10 Parta” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ global - tkinter - video lectures - python - programming - learn - course - class
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ➤ chiehIntrotoProgrammingwithPythonandTkinterlecture10parta
Downloads Information:
The book is available for download in "movies" format, the size of the file-s is: 46.76 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 809 times, the file-s went public at Sat Apr 30 2005.
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4Learn To Program Using Python : A Tutorial For Hobbyists, Self-starters, And All Who Want To Learn The Art Of Computer Programming
By Gauld, Alan
xii, 270 p. ; 24 cm
“Learn To Program Using Python : A Tutorial For Hobbyists, Self-starters, And All Who Want To Learn The Art Of Computer Programming” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Learn To Program Using Python : A Tutorial For Hobbyists, Self-starters, And All Who Want To Learn The Art Of Computer Programming
- Author: Gauld, Alan
- Language: English
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: learntoprogramus0000gaul
Downloads Information:
The book is available for download in "texts" format, the size of the file-s is: 373.53 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 34 times, the file-s went public at Sat Dec 16 2023.
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5Hello Raspberry Pi! : Python Programming For Kids And Other Beginners
By Heitz, Ryan, author
xii, 270 p. ; 24 cm
“Hello Raspberry Pi! : Python Programming For Kids And Other Beginners” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Hello Raspberry Pi! : Python Programming For Kids And Other Beginners
- Author: Heitz, Ryan, author
- Language: English
“Hello Raspberry Pi! : Python Programming For Kids And Other Beginners” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: Raspberry Pi (Computer) - Computers and children - Computer programming - Python (Computer program language)
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: helloraspberrypi0000heit
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The book is available for download in "texts" format, the size of the file-s is: 481.91 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 69 times, the file-s went public at Sat Oct 09 2021.
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6👉 Python Programming Course – Complete Overview 3
I’m currently learning Python Programming to build a strong foundation in coding. This course is helping me understand how to write clean, efficient code and solve real-world problems using Python. I'm excited to apply these skills in web development, data analysis, and automation.
“👉 Python Programming Course – Complete Overview 3” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ 👉 Python Programming Course – Complete Overview 3
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ➤ python-programming-course-complete-overview-3
Downloads Information:
The book is available for download in "texts" format, the size of the file-s is: 5.14 Mbs, the file-s went public at Fri Jul 04 2025.
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7[ Project Brief] Python Programming Basics
[ Project Brief] Python Programming Basics
“[ Project Brief] Python Programming Basics” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ [ Project Brief] Python Programming Basics
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ➤ project-brief-python-programming-basics
Downloads Information:
The book is available for download in "texts" format, the size of the file-s is: 0.80 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 250 times, the file-s went public at Mon Oct 25 2021.
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8Genetic Programming In Python
[ Project Brief] Python Programming Basics
“Genetic Programming In Python” Metadata:
- Title: Genetic Programming In Python
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ➤ pyvideo_428___genetic-programming-in-python
Downloads Information:
The book is available for download in "movies" format, the size of the file-s is: 573.93 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 312 times, the file-s went public at Sat Sep 24 2016.
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9Python Programming Collection PDF Ebooks All You Need
By dzgold
Python Programming Collection PDF Ebooks All You Need
“Python Programming Collection PDF Ebooks All You Need” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Python Programming Collection PDF Ebooks All You Need
- Author: dzgold
- Language: English
“Python Programming Collection PDF Ebooks All You Need” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: python - computer programming
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ➤ python-programming-collection-pdf-ebooks-all-you-need
Downloads Information:
The book is available for download in "texts" format, the size of the file-s is: 692.48 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 20176 times, the file-s went public at Sun Mar 28 2021.
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10Build Your Own Search Engine Python Programming Series
By Mirzal, Andri Verfasser
Python Programming Collection PDF Ebooks All You Need
“Build Your Own Search Engine Python Programming Series” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Build Your Own Search Engine Python Programming Series
- Author: Mirzal, Andri Verfasser
- Language: English
“Build Your Own Search Engine Python Programming Series” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ (Produktform)Electronic book text - search engine - text processing - Pagerank - web crawler - Software Design - Python Programming Language - (VLB-WN)1635: Informatik, EDV/Anwendungs-Software
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: buildyourownsear0000mirz
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The book is available for download in "texts" format, the size of the file-s is: 180.34 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 35 times, the file-s went public at Fri Oct 21 2022.
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11Black Hat Python Python Programming For Hackers And Pentesters ( PDFDrive.com )
Python
“Black Hat Python Python Programming For Hackers And Pentesters ( PDFDrive.com )” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Black Hat Python Python Programming For Hackers And Pentesters ( PDFDrive.com )
- Language: English
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ➤ black-hat-python-python-programming-for-hackers-and-pentesters-pdfdrive.com_202407
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The book is available for download in "texts" format, the size of the file-s is: 84.38 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 55 times, the file-s went public at Wed Jul 31 2024.
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12Multi-Agent Programming Contest 2012 - The Python-DTU Team
By Jørgen Villadsen, Andreas Schmidt Jensen, Mikko Berggren Ettienne, Steen Vester, Kenneth Balsiger Andersen and Andreas Frøsig
We provide a brief description of the Python-DTU system, including the overall design, the tools and the algorithms that we plan to use in the agent contest.
“Multi-Agent Programming Contest 2012 - The Python-DTU Team” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Multi-Agent Programming Contest 2012 - The Python-DTU Team
- Authors: ➤ Jørgen VilladsenAndreas Schmidt JensenMikko Berggren EttienneSteen VesterKenneth Balsiger AndersenAndreas Frøsig
- Language: English
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: arxiv-1210.0437
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The book is available for download in "texts" format, the size of the file-s is: 1.65 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 115 times, the file-s went public at Sun Sep 22 2013.
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13PROGRAMMING C CSHARP FLUTTER PHP PYTHON RUBY CISCO
File ini diperuntukan bagi yang beli buku-nya dan CD dari buku tersebut hilang atau rusak.
“PROGRAMMING C CSHARP FLUTTER PHP PYTHON RUBY CISCO” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ PROGRAMMING C CSHARP FLUTTER PHP PYTHON RUBY CISCO
- Language: ind
“PROGRAMMING C CSHARP FLUTTER PHP PYTHON RUBY CISCO” Subjects and Themes:
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ➤ programming-c-csharp-flutter-php-python-ruby-cisco
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The book is available for download in "software" format, the size of the file-s is: 6.25 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 25 times, the file-s went public at Fri Dec 24 2021.
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14[ Tuts Node.com] 300+ Exercises Python Programming Mega Pack 2022
python exercises
“[ Tuts Node.com] 300+ Exercises Python Programming Mega Pack 2022” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ [ Tuts Node.com] 300+ Exercises Python Programming Mega Pack 2022
- Language: English
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ➤ tuts-node.com-300-exercises-python-programming-mega-pack-2022
Downloads Information:
The book is available for download in "data" format, the size of the file-s is: 191.68 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 3 times, the file-s went public at Fri Apr 12 2024.
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15Intro To Programming In Python N Tkinter Lecture 4
By Chieh
You'll learn about the tkinter library and what kinda widget we can create with them, we will go over how to create windows, buttons, listbox, scrollbars, etc in this lecture Have you ever wanted to know how your application is programmed on the computer. This lecture will show you how easy it is to program. Aimed at beginner programmers or people that has no programming experience. For you to watch this class, you must have python installed from python.org . Lecture 2 will show you how to install and run python. This lecture assumes that you already have python. The python course series is designed to be short, fun, and concise. They are 10 minutes each with fun examples and easy instruction. If you want to learn programming this is the way to go.
“Intro To Programming In Python N Tkinter Lecture 4” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Intro To Programming In Python N Tkinter Lecture 4
- Author: Chieh
“Intro To Programming In Python N Tkinter Lecture 4” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ buttons - python - Python - Class - class - lecture - Tkinter - tkinter - Buttons - button - programming - program - beginner
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ➤ ChiehIntrotoprogramminginPythonnTkinterlecture4_1
Downloads Information:
The book is available for download in "movies" format, the size of the file-s is: 44.28 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 425 times, the file-s went public at Tue Mar 29 2005.
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16Intro To Programming With Python N Tkinter Lecture15
Learn more about the placement of widgets within the window, using pack, place, grid commands. We also are introduced to the concept of bindings and have a chart which you have reference to the different bindings. We basically finally have this project finished. You can get all the binding from http://ourmedia.org/node/17406
“Intro To Programming With Python N Tkinter Lecture15” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Intro To Programming With Python N Tkinter Lecture15
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ➤ Intro_to_programming_with_Python_n_Tkinter_lecture15
Downloads Information:
The book is available for download in "movies" format, the size of the file-s is: 40.61 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 2389 times, the file-s went public at Thu Jun 16 2005.
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17Automate The Boring Stuff With Python : Practical Programming For Total Beginners
By Sweigart, Albert, author
Learn more about the placement of widgets within the window, using pack, place, grid commands. We also are introduced to the concept of bindings and have a chart which you have reference to the different bindings. We basically finally have this project finished. You can get all the binding from http://ourmedia.org/node/17406
“Automate The Boring Stuff With Python : Practical Programming For Total Beginners” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Automate The Boring Stuff With Python : Practical Programming For Total Beginners
- Author: Sweigart, Albert, author
- Language: English
“Automate The Boring Stuff With Python : Practical Programming For Total Beginners” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ Python (Computer program language) - Computer programming - COMPUTERS -- Programming Languages -- General
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ➤ automatetheboringstuffwithpython_new
Downloads Information:
The book is available for download in "texts" format, the size of the file-s is: 261.95 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 35977 times, the file-s went public at Mon Dec 31 2018.
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18Learn Raspberry Pi Programming With Python
For a collection of books on arduino and raspberry pi: https://archive.org/details/arduino-and-raspberry-pi-book-collection Check the channel for more related content
“Learn Raspberry Pi Programming With Python” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Learn Raspberry Pi Programming With Python
- Language: English
“Learn Raspberry Pi Programming With Python” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: Raspberry Pi - Python
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ➤ learn-raspberry-pi-programming-with-python
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The book is available for download in "texts" format, the size of the file-s is: 124.10 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 674 times, the file-s went public at Sun Jul 02 2023.
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19Python (and Fortran And C) As Used In Large-scale Number Crunching And Scientific Programming
By Catherine Moroney
Catherine Moroney https://2017.northbaypython.org/schedule/presentation/24/ Python is an incredibly powerful and versatile language, but it is not practical for lots of deeply nested loops because it's not compiled, and a lot of the big scientific libraries only have C interfaces. But, if you bring Fortran (via f2py) and C (Cython) into the mix then you can use the best features of all three languages and shrink your development/maintenance time and resulting code size by almost an order of magnitude. My satellite has a lot of legacy code in a Perl/C/Fortran mixture that is incredibly difficult to read and maintain, but our new software is in a Python/C/Fortran mixture (with Python being the bulk of the code) that is a fraction of the size of the old code, much much easier to develop and maintain, yet it has the speed and stability to be used in our production system. I use Python for the upper and middle layers, Fortran for the few places where I need to do lots of looping that cannot be transformed into whole-array operations, and then C to interface with the various 3rd party libraries. I can wrap Fortran and C using f2py and Cython respectively, call them directly from the Python, and pass numpy arrays back and forth seamlessly. I also have layers of scripts: a Python code to run a single orbit's worth of data through a single stage of the processing pipeline, a second Python script to run multiple orbits through a single stage, and then a third script that runs the entire processing chain through many orbits, thereby using Python's numerous scripting capabilities. By using all three languages as described above, I truly get the best of all worlds: dramatically reduced development time, a code base that is a fraction of the size of the old legacy system, yet all the speed and stability I need to process huge amounts of data. About North Bay Python A single-track conference north of the Golden Gate, focused on community, collaboration, and all things Python. North Bay Python is a two-day, single-track Python conference held at the Mystic Theatre in Historic Downtown Petaluma, California, over the weekend of December 2 & 3, 2017. We're a nonprofit conference for professionals, enthusiasts and students alike. We're focused on inclusion, accessibility, diversity, and affordability. Most importantly, we're planning a great lineup of talks from all over the Python ecosystem, with plenty of time to meet new people and develop new ideas. Our venue, the Mystic Theatre in Downtown Petaluma, is a beautiful example of an early 1900s Vaudeville theatre. You can find over 50 different food and drink options a short walk away, and the nearest hotel is only a block away. A Python conference north of the Golden Gate North Bay Python is a single-track conference with a carefully curated set of talks representing the diverse Python community and their different areas of interest. If a topic is less to your interest, or you've met some people you really want to sit down and chat with, we'll have plenty of areas away from the main theatre to catch up and chat. Our goal is to keep prices as low as possible. That means we won't be catering lunch. Instead, you can look forward to extra-long lunch breaks you can use to explore all of the great food options around the venue.
“Python (and Fortran And C) As Used In Large-scale Number Crunching And Scientific Programming” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Python (and Fortran And C) As Used In Large-scale Number Crunching And Scientific Programming
- Author: Catherine Moroney
- Language: English
“Python (and Fortran And C) As Used In Large-scale Number Crunching And Scientific Programming” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: nbpy - nbpy17 - CatherineMoroney
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The book is available for download in "movies" format, the size of the file-s is: 287.54 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 115 times, the file-s went public at Sat Dec 02 2017.
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20Python Programming Language 1
Python
“Python Programming Language 1” Metadata:
- Title: Python Programming Language 1
- Language: English
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: pythonprogramminglanguage1
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21Al Sweigart Automate The Boring Stuff With Python Practical Programming For Total Beginners No Starch Press ( 2019)
Al Sweigart Automate The Boring Stuff With Python Practical Programming For Total Beginners No Starch Press ( 2019)
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- Title: ➤ Al Sweigart Automate The Boring Stuff With Python Practical Programming For Total Beginners No Starch Press ( 2019)
- Language: English
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- Subjects: python - automate the boring stuff
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22Python Programming
By Kamal Thakur
Python Programming
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- Author: Kamal Thakur
- Language: English
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23Python Programming Basics, Multithreading, OOP And Num Py
Python Programming - Basics, Multithreading, OOP and NumPy
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- Title: ➤ Python Programming Basics, Multithreading, OOP And Num Py
“Python Programming Basics, Multithreading, OOP And Num Py” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: Python - Programming - OOP - Object Oriented - NumPy
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24Python Programming. Python Programming For Beginners, Python Programming For Intermediates
By Adam Stewart
Python Programming for Beginners & Intermediates - Adam Stewart
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- Title: ➤ Python Programming. Python Programming For Beginners, Python Programming For Intermediates
- Author: Adam Stewart
- Language: English
“Python Programming. Python Programming For Beginners, Python Programming For Intermediates” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: Python - Programming - python - programming
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25Python. An Introduction To Programming ( Chapter 12 How To Write Good Programs)
By Python
Python. An Introduction To Programming ( Chapter 12 How To Write Good Programs)
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- Author: Python
- Language: English
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26Programming-and-problem-solving-with-python
a text book for learning python.
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- Language: English
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27Python - Oriented Programming - Fastener Joint Design
Python - Oriented Programming - Fastener Joint Design
“Python - Oriented Programming - Fastener Joint Design” Metadata:
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“Python - Oriented Programming - Fastener Joint Design” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: Python Programming - OOP - Engineering - Statics - Apps
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28Simulating The COVID-19 Epidemic Event And Its Prevention Measures Using Python Programming
By Mustofa Abi Hamid, Dimas Aditama, Endi Permata, Nur Kholifah, Muhammad Nurtanto, Nuur Wachid Abdul Majid
A simulation is needed to observe and indicate how much preventive measures influence the pandemic flow, controlling and stopping it. This study succeeded in making a stochastic susceptible infected recovered deceased (SIRD) simulation using Python programming language to determine the effectiveness of prevention methods such as masks policy, social distancing, vaccination, quarantine, and lockdown. Every preventive measure is modeled based on an equivalent actual event and every essential aspect that affects the course of the pandemic. A person is represented as a circle moving freely in two-dimensional space, and disease spreads through person-to-person contact. This simulator then tested using parameters to simulate COVID-19 and found significant results between communities that implement preventive measures and those that do not. We found that within 106 days, 284 people were infected, but when five preventive methods are applied for a total of 33 days, only 31 people were infected. Adequate to simulate epidemic events and their prevention measures, this simulator can also be used as a learning tool with factors in epidemic events such as population density, mobility, infection rate, disease mortality, and every effect of each preventive measure. Users can change and influence the simulation course using interactive and straightforward software tools.
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- Author: ➤ Mustofa Abi Hamid, Dimas Aditama, Endi Permata, Nur Kholifah, Muhammad Nurtanto, Nuur Wachid Abdul Majid
“Simulating The COVID-19 Epidemic Event And Its Prevention Measures Using Python Programming” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: COVID-19 Prevention - Disease Modeling - Epidemic Forecasting - Python - Susceptible infected recovered deceased
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- Internet Archive ID: ➤ simulating-the-covid-19-epidemic-event-and-its-prevention-measures-using-python-programming
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29Twisted And Evented Programming In Python (The Changelog #58)
By Changelog Master Feed
Kenneth and Wynn caught up with Glyph Lefkowitz from Twisted to talk about the project and evented programming in Python.
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- Title: ➤ Twisted And Evented Programming In Python (The Changelog #58)
- Author: Changelog Master Feed
“Twisted And Evented Programming In Python (The Changelog #58)” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ Podcast - changelog - open source - oss - software - development - developer - hackerchangelog - code - programming - hacker - change log - software engineering
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- Internet Archive ID: ➤ 0ufbqkg3gvw03qqqvtir80xoackwwh1ifflz4unw
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30Functional Programming Python PDF Room
Programacion en Python
“Functional Programming Python PDF Room” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Functional Programming Python PDF Room
- Language: English
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- Internet Archive ID: ➤ functional-programming-python-pdf-room
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31Socket Programming With Python
By Ajit Singh
On the Auspicious Occasion of the 150th Year of Celebrating Gandhi Jayanti. A Small Contribution to archive.org . Dated: 02.10.2019 This book aims to cover Socket Programming using Python. AJIT SINGH Patna Women's College, INDIA https://archive.org/details/@ajit-singh
“Socket Programming With Python” Metadata:
- Title: Socket Programming With Python
- Author: Ajit Singh
- Language: English
“Socket Programming With Python” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: Socket Programming - Python
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- Internet Archive ID: gpythonsocket
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32Learning Scientific Programming With Python
By Hill, Christian, 1974- author
On the Auspicious Occasion of the 150th Year of Celebrating Gandhi Jayanti. A Small Contribution to archive.org . Dated: 02.10.2019 This book aims to cover Socket Programming using Python. AJIT SINGH Patna Women's College, INDIA https://archive.org/details/@ajit-singh
“Learning Scientific Programming With Python” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Learning Scientific Programming With Python
- Author: Hill, Christian, 1974- author
- Language: English
“Learning Scientific Programming With Python” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ Science -- Data processing - Science -- Mathematics - Python (Computer program language) - Sciences -- Informatique - Sciences -- Mathématiques - Python (Langage de programmation) - SCIENCE -- Mathematical Physics - Wissenschaftliches Rechnen - Python Programmiersprache
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- Internet Archive ID: learningscientif0000hill
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33Learn Raspberry Pi Programming With Python
By Donat, Wolfram
On the Auspicious Occasion of the 150th Year of Celebrating Gandhi Jayanti. A Small Contribution to archive.org . Dated: 02.10.2019 This book aims to cover Socket Programming using Python. AJIT SINGH Patna Women's College, INDIA https://archive.org/details/@ajit-singh
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- Title: ➤ Learn Raspberry Pi Programming With Python
- Author: Donat, Wolfram
- Language: English
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- Subjects: ➤ Raspberry Pi (Computer) - Python (Computer program language)
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- Internet Archive ID: learnraspberrypi0000dona
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34Github.com-zhiwehu-Python-programming-exercises_-_2020-10-16_12-24-34
By zhiwehu
100+ Python challenging programming exercises Python-programming-exercises 100+ Python challenging programming exercises. Python Comics Hey guys I just created a comic for learning Python if you like you could see it from here: https://aicodeplayer.comFor now I just use Chinese if you like I could use English as well. To restore the repository download the bundle wget https://archive.org/download/github.com-zhiwehu-Python-programming-exercises_-_2020-10-16_12-24-34/zhiwehu-Python-programming-exercises_-_2020-10-16_12-24-34.bundle and run: git clone zhiwehu-Python-programming-exercises_-_2020-10-16_12-24-34.bundle Source: https://github.com/zhiwehu/Python-programming-exercises Uploader: zhiwehu Upload date: 2020-10-16
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- Title: ➤ Github.com-zhiwehu-Python-programming-exercises_-_2020-10-16_12-24-34
- Author: zhiwehu
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35The Chromium Logo The Chromium Projects Home Chromium ChromiumOS Quick Links Report Bugs Discuss Other Sites Chromium Blog Google Chrome Extensions Except As Otherwise Noted, The Content Of This Page Is Licensed Under A Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 License, And Examples Are Licensed Under The BSD License. Privacy Edit This Page For Developers > How-Tos > Debugging Chromium On Windows First See Get The Code For Checkout And Build Instructions. Getting Started You Can Use Visual Studio's Built-in Debugger Or WinDBG To Debug Chromium. You Don't Need To Use The IDE To Build In Order To Use The Debugger: Autoninja Is Used To Build Chromium And Most Developers Invoke It From A Command Prompt, And Then Open The IDE For Debugging As Necessary. To Start Debugging An Already-built Executable With Visual Studio Just Launch Visual Studio (2019 Or Higher) And Select File-> Open-> Project/Solution (Ctrl+Shift+O) And Select The Executable Of Interest. This Will Create A Solution With That Executable As The 'project'. You Can Then Launch The Debugger With F5 Or F11 Or From The Debug Menu. If You Right-click On The Executable In Solution Explorer And Select Properties Then You Can Edit Things Such As The Executable Path, Command-line Arguments, And Working Directory. You Can Add Additional Executables To The Solution By Using File-> Add-> Existing Project And Selecting Another Already-built Executable. You Can Select Which One To Debug By Right-clicking On One Of Them In Solution Explorer And Selecting Set As Startup Project. When Your Solution File Is Customized To Your Taste You Can Save It To A Directory Such As Out\solutions. Saving It There Helps Ensure That Relative Paths To Source Files, Printed From Build Commands, Will Correctly Identify The Source Files. The Tools Menu Can Be Used To Add Commands To Do Things Like Invoke Autoninja To Build Chrome, Compile The Selected Source File, Or Other Things. Visual Studio 2017 Is Not Recommended For Debugging Of Chromium - Use A Newer Version For Best Performance And Stability. Symbol_level=2 Is The Default On Windows And Gives Full Debugging Information With Types, Locals, Globals, Function Names, And Source/line Information. Symbol_level=1 Creates Smaller PDBs With Just Function Names, And Source/line Information - Source-level Debugging Is Still Supported (new From June 2019), But Local Variables And Type Information Are Missing. Symbol_level=0 Gives Extremely Limited Debugging Abilities, Mostly Just Viewing Call Stacks When Chromium Crashes. Browsing Source Code If You Use A Solution File Generated By Gn (gn Gen --ide=vs) Then Intellisense May Help You Navigate The Code. If This Doesn't Work Or If You Use A Solution Created As Above Then You May Want To Install VsChromium To Help Navigate The Code, As Well As Using Https://source.chromium.org. Profiles It's A Good Idea To Use A Different Chrome Profile For Your Debugging. If You Are Debugging Google Chrome Branded Builds, Or Use A Chromium Build As Your Primary Browser, The Profiles Can Collide So You Can't Run Both At Once, And Your Stable Browser Might See Profile Versions From The Future (Google Chrome And Chromium Use Different Profile Directories By Default So Won't Collide). Use The Command-line Option: --user-data-dir=C:\tmp\my_debug_profile (replace The Path As Necessary) Using The IDE, Go To The Debugging Tab Of The Properties Of The Chrome Project, And Set The Command Arguments. Chrome Debug Log Enable Chrome Debug Logging To A File By Passing --enable-logging --v=1 Command-line Flags At Startup. Debug Builds Place The Chrome_debug.log File In The Out\Debug Directory. Release Builds Place The File In The Top Level Of The User Data Chromium App Directory, Which Is OS-version-dependent. For More Information, See Logging And User Data Directory Details. Symbol Server If You Are Debugging Official Google Chrome Release Builds, Use The Symbol Server: Https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com In Visual Studio, This Goes In Tools > Options Under Debugging > Symbols. You Should Set Up A Local Cache In A Empty Directory On Your Computer. In Windbg You Can Add This To Your Symbol Server Search Path With The Command Below, Where C:\symbols Is A Local Cache Directory: .sympath+ SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com Alternately, You Can Set The _NT_SYMBOL_PATH Environment Variable To Include Both The Microsoft And Google Symbol Servers - VS, Windbg, And Other Tools Should Both Respect This Environment Variable: _NT_SYMBOL_PATH=SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com Note That Symbol Servers Will Let The Debuggers Download Both The PE Files (DLLs And EXEs) And The PDB Files. Chrome Often Loads Third Party Libraries And Partial Symbols For Some Of These Are Also Public. For Example: AMD: Https://download.amd.com/dir/bin Nvidia: Https://driver-symbols.nvidia.com/ Intel: Https://software.intel.com/sites/downloads/symbols/ For Example, For Completeness, The Following Symbol Server Environment Variable Will Resolve All Of The Above Sources - But This Is More Than Is Normally Needed: _NT_SYMBOL_PATH=SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://download.amd.com/dir/bin;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://driver-symbols.nvidia.com/;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://software.intel.com/sites/downloads/symbols/ Source Indexing You Should Set Up Source Indexing In Your Debugger (.srcfix In Windbg, Tools-> Options-> Debugging-> General-> Enable Source Server Support In Visual Studio) So That The Correct Source Files Will Automatically Be Downloaded Based On Information In The Downloaded Symbols. Additionally, You Must Have Python In Your Path In Order For The Command That Fetches Source Files To Succeed; Launching The Debugger From The Same Environment As Where You Build Chromium Is An Easy Way To Ensure It's Present. This Is Highly Recommended When Debugging Released Google Chrome Builds Or Looking At Crash Dumps. Having The Correct Version Of The Source Files Automatically Show Up Saves Significant Time So You Should Definitely Set This. Multi-process Issues Chromium Can Be Challenging To Debug Because Of Its Multi-process Architecture. When You Select Run In The Debugger, Only The Main Browser Process Will Be Debugged. The Code That Actually Renders Web Pages (the Renderer) And The Plugins Will Be In Separate Processes That's Not (yet!) Being Debugged. The ProcessExplorer Tool Has A Process Tree View Where You Can See How These Processes Are Related. You Can Also Get The Process IDs Associated With Each Tab From The Chrome Task Manager (right-click On An Empty Area Of The Window Title Bar To Open). Automatically Attach To Child Processes There Are Two Visual Studio Extensions That Enable The Debugger To Automatically Attach To All Chrome Processes, So You Can Debug All Of Chrome At Once. Microsoft's Child Process Debugging Power Tool Is A Standalone Extension For This, And VsChromium Is Another Option That Bundles Many Other Additional Features. In Addition To Installing One Of These Extensions, You Must Run Visual Studio As Administrator, Or It Will Silently Fail To Attach To Some Of Chrome's Child Processes. Single-process Mode One Way To Debug Issues Is To Run Chromium In Single-process Mode. This Will Allow You To See The Entire State Of The Program Without Extra Work (although It Will Still Have Many Threads). To Use Single-process Mode, Add The Command-line Flag --single-process This Approach Isn't Perfect Because Some Problems Won't Manifest Themselves In This Mode And Some Features Don't Work And Worker Threads Are Still Spawned Into New Processes. Manually Attaching To A Child Process You Can Attach To The Running Child Processes With The Debugger. Select Tools > Attach To Process And Click The Chrome.exe Process You Want To Attach To. Before Attaching, Make Sure You Have Selected Only Native Code When Attaching To The Process This Is Done By Clicking Select... In The Attach To Process Window And Only Checking Native. If You Forget This, It May Attempt To Attach In "WebKit" Mode To Debug JavaScript, And You'll Get An Error Message "An Operation Is Not Legal In The Current State." You Can Now Debug The Two Processes As If They Were One. When You Are Debugging Multiple Processes, Open The Debug > Windows > Processes Window To Switch Between Them. Sometimes You Are Debugging Something That Only Happens On Startup, And Want To See The Child Process As Soon As It Starts. Use: --renderer-startup-dialog --no-sandbox You Have To Disable The Sandbox Or The Dialog Box Will Be Prohibited From Showing. When The Dialog Appears, Visit Tools > Attach To Process And Attach To The Process Showing The Renderer Startup Dialog. Now You're Debugging In The Renderer And Can Continue Execution By Pressing OK In The Dialog. Startup Dialogs Also Exist For Other Child Process Types: --gpu-startup-dialog, --ppapi-startup-dialog, --utility-startup-dialog, --plugin-startup-dialog (for NPAPI). For Utilities, You Can Add A Service Type --utility-startup-dialog=data_decoder.mojom.DataDecoderService. You Can Also Try The Vs-chromium Plug-in To Attach To The Right Processes. Semi-automatically Attaching The Debugger To Child Processes The Following Flags Cause Child Processes To Wait For 60 Seconds In A Busy Loop For A Debugger To Attach To The Process. Once Either Condition Is True, It Continues On; No Exception Is Thrown. --wait-for-debugger-children[=filter] The Filter, If Provided, Will Fire Only If It Matches The --type Parameter To The Process. Values Include Renderer, Plugin (for NPAPI), Ppapi, Gpu-process, And Utility. When Using This Option, It May Be Helpful To Limit The Number Of Renderer Processes Spawned, Using: --renderer-process-limit=1 Image File Execution Options Using Image File Execution Options (IFEO) Will Not Work Because CreateProcess() Returns The Handle To The Debugger Process Instead Of The Intended Child Process. There Are Also Issues With The Sandbox. Time Travel Debugging You Can Do Time Travel Debugging Using WinDbg Preview (must Be Installed From The Microsoft Store). This Lets You Execute A Program Forward And Backwards. After Capturing A Trace, You Can Set Breakpoints And Step Through Code As Normal, But Also Provides 'backwards' Commands (g-, T-, P-) So That You Can Go Back And Forth Through The Execution. It Is Especially Useful To Set Data Breakpoints (ba Command) And Reverse Continuing, So You Can See When A Certain Variable Was Last Changed To Its Current Value. Chromium Specifics: The Type Of Injection The Time Travel Tracer Needs To Perform Is Incompatible With The Chromium Sandbox. In Order To Record A Trace, You'll Need To Run With --no-sandbox. Chromium Cannot Run Elevated With Administrator Privileges, So The "Launch Executable (advance)" Option Won't Work, You'll Need To Attach After The Process Has Already Launched Via The Checkbox In The Bottom Right. If You Need To Record Startup-like Things, You'll Have To Use --{browser,gpu,renderer,utility}-startup-dialog, Then Attach (and Hope The Relevant Code Hasn't Executed Before That Point). JsDbg -- Data Structure Visualization You Can Install JsDbg As A Plugin For WinDbg Or Visual Studio. It Interactively Lets You Look At Data Structures (such As The DOM Tree, Accessibility Tree, Layout Object Tree, And Others) In A Web Browser As You Debug. See The JsDbg Site For Some Screen Shots And Usage Examples. This Also Works When Examining Memory Dumps (though Not Minidumps), And Also Works Together With Time Travel Debugging. Visual Studio Hints Debug Visualizers Chrome's Custom Debug Visualizers Should Be Added To The Pdb Files And Automatically Picked Up By Visual Studio. The Definitions Are In //tools/win/DebugVisualizers If You Need To Modify Them (the BUILD.gn File There Has Additional Instructions). Don't Step Into Trivial Functions The Debugger Can Be Configured To Automatically Not Step Into Functions Based On Regular Expression. Edit Default.natstepfilter In The Following Directory: For Visual Studio 2015: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers (for All Users) Or %USERPROFILE%\My Documents\Visual Studio 2015\Visualizers (for The Current User Only) For Visual Studio 2017 Pro: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers (for All Users) Or %USERPROFILE%\My Documents\Visual Studio 2017\Visualizers (for The Current User Only) Add Regular Expressions Of Functions To Not Step Into. Remember To Regex-escape And XML-escape Them, E.g. < For < And \. For A Literal Dot. Example: Operator New NoStepInto Operator Delete NoStepInto Std::.* NoStepInto WTF::.*Ptr ::.* NoStepInto This File Is Read At Start Of A Debugging Session (F5), So You Don't Need To Restart Visual Studio After Changing It. More Info: Microsoft Email Thread V8 And Chromium V8 Supports Many Command-line Flags That Are Useful For Debugging. V8 Command-line Flags Can Be Set Via The Chromium Command-line Flag --js-flags; For Instance: Chrome.exe --js-flags="--trace_exception --heap_stats" Note That Some V8 Command-line Flags Exist Only In The Debug Build Of V8. For A List Of All V8 Flags Try: Chrome.exe --js-flags="--help" Graphics Debugging GPU Acceleration Of Rendering Can Be More Easily Debugged With Tools. See: Graphics Debugging In Visual Studio 2013 Graphical Debugging With NVIDIA NSight Debugging On Another Machine Sometimes It's Useful To Debug Installation And Execution On A Machine Other Than Your Primary Build Box. To Run The Installer On Said Other Machine, First Build The Mini_installer Target On Your Main Build Machine (e.g., Autoninja -C Out\Debug Mini_installer). Next, On The Debug Machine: Make The Build Machine's Build Volume Available On The Debug Machine Either By Mounting It Locally (e.g., Z:\) Or By Crafting A UNC Path To It (e.g., \\builder\src) Open Up A Command Prompt And Change To A Local Disk Run Src\tools\win\copy-installer.bat In The Remote Checkout By Way Of The Mount (e.g., Z:\PATHTOCHECKOUT\src\...) Or UNC Path (e.g., \\builder\src\...). This Will Copy The Installer, DLLs, And PDBs Into Your Debug Machine's C:\out Or C:\build (depending On If You're Rocking The Component=shared_library Build Or Not) Run C:\out\Debug\mini_installer.exe With The Flags Of Your Choice To Install Chrome. This Can Take Some Time, Especially On A Slow Machine. Watch The Task Manager And Wait Until Mini_installer.exe Exits Before Trying To Launch Chrome (by Way Of The Shortcut(s) Created By The Installer) For Extra Pleasure, Add C:\out\Debug To Your _NT_SYMBOL_PATH Environment Variable Consider Reading The Documentation At The Top Of Copy-installer.bat To See How You Can Run It. It Tries To Be Smart And Copy The Right Things, But You May Need To Be Explicit (e.g., "copy-installer.bat Out Debug"). It Is Safe To Re-run The Script To Copy Only Modified Files (after A Rebuild, For Example). You Can Also Use The Zip Action Of The Isolate Scripts (tools\mb\mb.py) To Package All The Files For A Target Into A Single Zip File, For Example: Python Tools\mb\mb.py Zip Out/Release Base_unittests Base_unittests.zip Finding All Memory Allocations It Is Possible To Use Heap Snapshots To Get Call Stacks On All Outstanding Allocations That Use The OS Heap. This Works Particularly Well If Heap Snapshots Are Started As Soon As The Chrome Browser Process Is Created, But Before It Starts Running. Details Can Be Found In This Batch File. However, With PartitionAlloc Everywhere Most Chromium Allocations No Longer Use The Windows Heap So This Will Only Find A Subset Of Allocations, Mostly From OS DLLs. Find Memory Leaks Note: As With Heap Snapshots The Utility Of UMDH Is Greatly Reduced Now Because PartitionAlloc Everywhere Has Mostly Replaced The Windows Heap. The Windows Heap Manager Has A Really Useful Debug Flag, Where It Can Be Asked To Capture And Store A Stack Trace With Every Allocation. The Tool To Scrape These Stack Traces Out Of Processes Is UMDH, Which Comes With WinDbg. UMDH Is Great. It Will Capture A Snapshot Of The Heap State As Many Times As You Like, And It'll Do It Fairly Quickly. You Then Run It Again Against Either A Single Snapshot, Or A Pair Of Snapshots, At Which Time It'll Symbolize The Stack Traces And Aggregate Usage Up To Unique Stack Traces. Turning On The User Stack Trace Database For Chrome.exe With Gflags.exe Makes It Run Unbearably Slowly; However, Turning On The User Stack Trace Database On For The Browser Alone Is Just Fine. While It's Possible To Turn On The User Stack Database With The "!gflag" Debugging Extension, It's Too Late To Do This By The Time The Initial Debugger Breakpoint Hits. The Only Reasonable Way To Do This Is To Launch GFlags.exe, Enable The User Stack Trace Database (per Image Below), Launch Chrome Under The Debugger. Set A Breakpont When Chrome.dll Loads With "sxe Ld Chrome.dll". Step Up, To Allow Chrome.dll To Initialize. Disable The Stack Trace Database In GFlags.exe. Continue Chrome, Optionally Detaching The Debugger. Image GFlags.exe Settings For User Mode Stack Trace Database. If You Then Ever Suffer A Browser Memory Leak, You Can Snarf A Dump Of The Process With Umdh -p: > Chrome-browser-leak-umdh-dump.txt Which Can Then Typically Be "trivially" Analyzed To Find The Culprit. Miscellaneous Note That By Default Application Verifier Only Works With Non-official Builds Of Chromium. To Use Application Verifier On Official Builds You Need To Add --disable-features=RendererCodeIntegrity To Avoid Sandbox Crashes In Renderer Processes. See Crbug.com/1004989 For Details. See Also This Page. Application Verifier Is A Free Tool From Microsoft (available As Part Of The Windows SDK) That Can Be Used To Flush Out Programming Errors. Starting With M68 Application Verifier Can Be Enabled For Chrome.exe Without Needing To Disable The Sandbox. After Adding Chrome.exe To The List Of Applications To Be Stressed You Need To Expand The List Of Basics Checks And Disable The Leak Checks. You May Also Need To Disable Handles And Locks Checks Depending On Your Graphics Driver And Specific Chrome Version, But The Eventual Goal Is To Have Chrome Run With Handles And Locks Checks Enabled. When Bugs Are Found Chrome Will Trigger A Breakpoint So Running All Chrome Processes Under A Debugger Is Recommended. Chrome Will Run Much More Slowly Because Application Verifier Puts Every Heap Allocation On A Separate Page. Note That With PartitionAlloc Everywhere Most Chromium Allocations Don't Actually Go Through The Windows Heap And Are Therefore Unaffected By Application Verifier. You Can Check The Undocumented 'Cuzz' Checkbox In Application Verifier To Get The Windows Thread Scheduler To Add Some Extra Randomness In Order To Help Expose Race Conditions In Your Code. To Put A Breakpoint On CreateFile(), Add This Break Point: {,,kernel32.dll}_CreateFileW@28 {,,kernel32.dll} Specifies The DLL (context Operator). _ Prefix Means Extern "C". @28 Postfix Means _stdcall With The Stack Pop At The End Of The Function. I.e. The Number Of Arguments In BYTES. You Can Use DebugView From SysInternals Or Sawbuck To View LOG() Messages That Normally Go To Stderr On POSIX.
The Chromium Projects Home Chromium ChromiumOS Quick links Report bugs Discuss Other sites Chromium Blog Google Chrome Extensions Except as otherwise noted , the content of this page is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 license , and examples are licensed under the BSD License . Privacy Edit this page For Developers > How-Tos > Debugging Chromium on Windows First see get the code for checkout and build instructions. Getting started You can use Visual Studio's built-in debugger or WinDBG to debug Chromium. You don't need to use the IDE to build in order to use the debugger: autoninja is used to build Chromium and most developers invoke it from a command prompt, and then open the IDE for debugging as necessary. To start debugging an already-built executable with Visual Studio just launch Visual Studio (2019 or higher) and select File-> Open-> Project/Solution (Ctrl+Shift+O) and select the executable of interest. This will create a solution with that executable as the 'project'. You can then launch the debugger with F5 or F11 or from the Debug menu. If you right-click on the executable in Solution Explorer and select properties then you can edit things such as the executable path, command-line arguments, and working directory. You can add additional executables to the solution by using File-> Add-> Existing Project and selecting another already-built executable. You can select which one to debug by right-clicking on one of them in Solution Explorer and selecting Set as Startup Project. When your solution file is customized to your taste you can save it to a directory such as out\solutions. Saving it there helps ensure that relative paths to source files, printed from build commands, will correctly identify the source files. The Tools menu can be used to add commands to do things like invoke autoninja to build Chrome, compile the selected source file, or other things. Visual Studio 2017 is not recommended for debugging of Chromium - use a newer version for best performance and stability. symbol_level=2 is the default on Windows and gives full debugging information with types, locals, globals, function names, and source/line information. symbol_level=1 creates smaller PDBs with just function names, and source/line information - source-level debugging is still supported (new from June 2019), but local variables and type information are missing. symbol_level=0 gives extremely limited debugging abilities, mostly just viewing call stacks when Chromium crashes. Browsing source code If you use a solution file generated by gn ( gn gen --ide=vs ) then Intellisense may help you navigate the code. If this doesn't work or if you use a solution created as above then you may want to install VsChromium to help navigate the code, as well as using https://source.chromium.org . Profiles It's a good idea to use a different Chrome profile for your debugging. If you are debugging Google Chrome branded builds, or use a Chromium build as your primary browser, the profiles can collide so you can't run both at once, and your stable browser might see profile versions from the future (Google Chrome and Chromium use different profile directories by default so won't collide). Use the command-line option: --user-data-dir =C:\tmp\my_debug_profile (replace the path as necessary) Using the IDE, go to the Debugging tab of the properties of the chrome project, and set the Command Arguments. Chrome debug log Enable Chrome debug logging to a file by passing --enable-logging --v=1 command-line flags at startup. Debug builds place the chrome_debug.log file in the out\Debug directory. Release builds place the file in the top level of the user data Chromium app directory, which is OS-version-dependent. For more information, see logging and user data directory details. Symbol server If you are debugging official Google Chrome release builds, use the symbol server: https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com In Visual Studio, this goes in Tools > Options under Debugging > Symbols . You should set up a local cache in a empty directory on your computer. In windbg you can add this to your symbol server search path with the command below, where C:\symbols is a local cache directory: .sympath+ SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com Alternately, You can set the _NT_SYMBOL_PATH environment variable to include both the Microsoft and Google symbol servers - VS, windbg, and other tools should both respect this environment variable: _NT_SYMBOL_PATH =SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols ;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com Note that symbol servers will let the debuggers download both the PE files (DLLs and EXEs) and the PDB files. Chrome often loads third party libraries and partial symbols for some of these are also public. For example: AMD : https://download.amd.com/dir/bin Nvidia : https://driver-symbols.nvidia.com/ Intel : https://software.intel.com/sites/downloads/symbols/ For example, for completeness, the following symbol server environment variable will resolve all of the above sources - but this is more than is normally needed: _NT_SYMBOL_PATH=SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://download.amd.com/dir/bin;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://driver-symbols.nvidia.com/;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://software.intel.com/sites/downloads/symbols/ Source indexing You should set up source indexing in your debugger ( .srcfix in windbg, Tools-> Options-> Debugging-> General-> Enable source server support in Visual Studio) so that the correct source files will automatically be downloaded based on information in the downloaded symbols. Additionally, you must have python in your path in order for the command that fetches source files to succeed; launching the debugger from the same environment as where you build Chromium is an easy way to ensure it's present. This is highly recommended when debugging released Google Chrome builds or looking at crash dumps. Having the correct version of the source files automatically show up saves significant time so you should definitely set this. Multi-process issues Chromium can be challenging to debug because of its multi-process architecture . When you select Run in the debugger, only the main browser process will be debugged. The code that actually renders web pages (the Renderer) and the plugins will be in separate processes that's not (yet!) being debugged. The ProcessExplorer tool has a process tree view where you can see how these processes are related. You can also get the process IDs associated with each tab from the Chrome Task Manager (right-click on an empty area of the window title bar to open). Automatically attach to child processes There are two Visual Studio extensions that enable the debugger to automatically attach to all Chrome processes, so you can debug all of Chrome at once. Microsoft's Child Process Debugging Power Tool is a standalone extension for this, and VsChromium is another option that bundles many other additional features. In addition to installing one of these extensions, you must run Visual Studio as Administrator, or it will silently fail to attach to some of Chrome's child processes. Single-process mode One way to debug issues is to run Chromium in single-process mode. This will allow you to see the entire state of the program without extra work (although it will still have many threads). To use single-process mode, add the command-line flag --single-process This approach isn't perfect because some problems won't manifest themselves in this mode and some features don't work and worker threads are still spawned into new processes. Manually attaching to a child process You can attach to the running child processes with the debugger. Select Tools > Attach to Process and click the chrome.exe process you want to attach to. Before attaching, make sure you have selected only Native code when attaching to the process This is done by clicking Select... in the Attach to Process window and only checking Native. If you forget this, it may attempt to attach in "WebKit" mode to debug JavaScript, and you'll get an error message "An operation is not legal in the current state." You can now debug the two processes as if they were one. When you are debugging multiple processes, open the Debug > Windows > Processes window to switch between them. Sometimes you are debugging something that only happens on startup, and want to see the child process as soon as it starts. Use: --renderer-startup-dialog --no-sandbox You have to disable the sandbox or the dialog box will be prohibited from showing. When the dialog appears, visit Tools > Attach to Process and attach to the process showing the Renderer startup dialog. Now you're debugging in the renderer and can continue execution by pressing OK in the dialog. Startup dialogs also exist for other child process types: --gpu-startup-dialog , --ppapi-startup-dialog , --utility-startup-dialog , --plugin-startup-dialog (for NPAPI). For utilities, you can add a service type --utility-startup-dialog=data_decoder.mojom.DataDecoderService . You can also try the vs-chromium plug-in to attach to the right processes. Semi-automatically attaching the debugger to child processes The following flags cause child processes to wait for 60 seconds in a busy loop for a debugger to attach to the process. Once either condition is true, it continues on; no exception is thrown. --wait-for-debugger-children [=filter] The filter, if provided, will fire only if it matches the --type parameter to the process. Values include renderer , plugin (for NPAPI), ppapi , gpu-process , and utility . When using this option, it may be helpful to limit the number of renderer processes spawned, using: --renderer-process-limit = 1 Image File Execution Options Using Image File Execution Options (IFEO) will not work because CreateProcess() returns the handle to the debugger process instead of the intended child process. There are also issues with the sandbox. Time travel debugging You can do time travel debugging using WinDbg Preview (must be installed from the Microsoft Store). This lets you execute a program forward and backwards. After capturing a trace, you can set breakpoints and step through code as normal, but also provides 'backwards' commands (g-, t-, p-) so that you can go back and forth through the execution. It is especially useful to set data breakpoints ( ba command ) and reverse continuing, so you can see when a certain variable was last changed to its current value. Chromium specifics: The type of injection the time travel tracer needs to perform is incompatible with the Chromium sandbox. In order to record a trace, you'll need to run with --no-sandbox . Chromium cannot run elevated with Administrator privileges, so the "Launch executable (advance)" option won't work, you'll need to attach after the process has already launched via the checkbox in the bottom right. If you need to record startup-like things, you'll have to use --{browser,gpu,renderer,utility}-startup-dialog, then attach (and hope the relevant code hasn't executed before that point). JsDbg -- data structure visualization You can install JsDbg as a plugin for WinDbg or Visual Studio . It interactively lets you look at data structures (such as the DOM tree, Accessibility tree, layout object tree, and others) in a web browser as you debug. See the JsDbg site for some screen shots and usage examples. This also works when examining memory dumps (though not minidumps), and also works together with time travel debugging. Visual Studio hints Debug visualizers Chrome's custom debug visualizers should be added to the pdb files and automatically picked up by Visual Studio. The definitions are in //tools/win/DebugVisualizers if you need to modify them (the BUILD.gn file there has additional instructions). Don't step into trivial functions The debugger can be configured to automatically not step into functions based on regular expression. Edit default.natstepfilter in the following directory: For Visual Studio 2015: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers (for all users) or %USERPROFILE%\My Documents\Visual Studio 2015\Visualizers (for the current user only) For Visual Studio 2017 Pro: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers (for all users) or %USERPROFILE%\My Documents\Visual Studio 2017\Visualizers (for the current user only) Add regular expressions of functions to not step into. Remember to regex-escape and XML-escape them, e.g. < for < and \. for a literal dot. Example: < Function > < Name > operator new </ Name > < Action > NoStepInto </ Action > </ Function > < Function > < Name > operator delete </ Name > < Action > NoStepInto </ Action > </ Function > <!-- Skip everything in std --> < Function > < Name > std::.* </ Name > < Action > NoStepInto </ Action > </ Function > <!-- all methods on WebKit OwnPtr and variants, ... WTF::*Ptr<*>::* --> < Function > < Name > WTF::.*Ptr<.*>::.* </ Name > < Action > NoStepInto </ Action > </ Function > This file is read at start of a debugging session (F5), so you don't need to restart Visual Studio after changing it. More info: Microsoft email thread V8 and Chromium V8 supports many command-line flags that are useful for debugging. V8 command-line flags can be set via the Chromium command-line flag --js-flags; for instance: chrome.exe --js-flags= "--trace_exception --heap_stats" Note that some V8 command-line flags exist only in the debug build of V8. For a list of all V8 flags try: chrome.exe --js-flags= "--help" Graphics debugging GPU Acceleration of rendering can be more easily debugged with tools. See: Graphics Debugging in Visual Studio 2013 Graphical debugging with NVIDIA NSight Debugging on another machine Sometimes it's useful to debug installation and execution on a machine other than your primary build box. To run the installer on said other machine, first build the mini_installer target on your main build machine (e.g., autoninja -C out\Debug mini_installer). Next, on the debug machine: Make the build machine's build volume available on the debug machine either by mounting it locally (e.g., Z:\) or by crafting a UNC path to it (e.g., \\builder\src) Open up a command prompt and change to a local disk Run src\tools\win\ copy-installer.bat in the remote checkout by way of the mount (e.g., Z:\PATHTOCHECKOUT\src\...) or UNC path (e.g., \\builder\src\...). This will copy the installer, DLLs, and PDBs into your debug machine's C:\out or C:\build (depending on if you're rocking the component=shared_library build or not) Run C:\out\Debug\mini_installer.exe with the flags of your choice to install Chrome. This can take some time, especially on a slow machine. Watch the Task Manager and wait until mini_installer.exe exits before trying to launch Chrome (by way of the shortcut(s) created by the installer) For extra pleasure, add C:\out\Debug to your _NT_SYMBOL_PATH environment variable Consider reading the documentation at the top of copy-installer.bat to see how you can run it. It tries to be smart and copy the right things, but you may need to be explicit (e.g., "copy-installer.bat out Debug"). It is safe to re-run the script to copy only modified files (after a rebuild, for example). You can also use the zip action of the isolate scripts (tools\mb\mb.py) to package all the files for a target into a single zip file, for example: python tools\mb\mb.py zip out/Release base_unittests base_unittests. zip Finding all memory allocations It is possible to use Heap Snapshots to get call stacks on all outstanding allocations that use the OS heap. This works particularly well if heap snapshots are started as soon as the Chrome browser process is created, but before it starts running. Details can be found in this batch file . However, with PartitionAlloc Everywhere most Chromium allocations no longer use the Windows heap so this will only find a subset of allocations, mostly from OS DLLs. Find memory leaks Note: as with Heap Snapshots the utility of UMDH is greatly reduced now because PartitionAlloc Everywhere has mostly replaced the Windows heap. The Windows heap manager has a really useful debug flag, where it can be asked to capture and store a stack trace with every allocation. The tool to scrape these stack traces out of processes is UMDH, which comes with WinDbg . UMDH is great. It will capture a snapshot of the heap state as many times as you like, and it'll do it fairly quickly. You then run it again against either a single snapshot, or a pair of snapshots, at which time it'll symbolize the stack traces and aggregate usage up to unique stack traces. Turning on the user stack trace database for chrome.exe with gflags.exe makes it run unbearably slowly; however, turning on the user stack trace database on for the browser alone is just fine. While it's possible to turn on the user stack database with the "!gflag" debugging extension, it's too late to do this by the time the initial debugger breakpoint hits. The only reasonable way to do this is to Launch GFlags.exe, Enable the user stack trace database (per image below), Launch Chrome under the debugger. Set a breakpont when chrome.dll loads with "sxe ld chrome.dll". Step up, to allow Chrome.dll to initialize. Disable the stack trace database in GFlags.exe. Continue chrome, optionally detaching the debugger. GFlags.exe settings for user mode stack trace database. If you then ever suffer a browser memory leak, you can snarf a dump of the process with umdh - p :<my browser pid> > chrome-browser-leak-umdh-dump.txt which can then typically be "trivially" analyzed to find the culprit. Miscellaneous Note that by default Application Verifier only works with non-official builds of Chromium. To use Application Verifier on official builds you need to add --disable-features=RendererCodeIntegrity to avoid sandbox crashes in renderer processes. See crbug.com/1004989 for details. See also this page . Application Verifier is a free tool from Microsoft (available as part of the Windows SDK) that can be used to flush out programming errors. Starting with M68 Application Verifier can be enabled for chrome.exe without needing to disable the sandbox. After adding chrome.exe to the list of applications to be stressed you need to expand the list of Basics checks and disable the Leak checks. You may also need to disable Handles and Locks checks depending on your graphics driver and specific Chrome version, but the eventual goal is to have Chrome run with Handles and Locks checks enabled. When bugs are found Chrome will trigger a breakpoint so running all Chrome processes under a debugger is recommended. Chrome will run much more slowly because Application Verifier puts every heap allocation on a separate page. Note that with PartitionAlloc Everywhere most Chromium allocations don't actually go through the Windows heap and are therefore unaffected by Application Verifier. You can check the undocumented 'Cuzz' checkbox in Application Verifier to get the Windows thread scheduler to add some extra randomness in order to help expose race conditions in your code. To put a breakpoint on CreateFile(), add this break point: {,,kernel32.dll}_CreateFileW@28 {,,kernel32.dll} specifies the DLL (context operator). _ prefix means extern "C". @28 postfix means _stdcall with the stack pop at the end of the function. i.e. the number of arguments in BYTES. You can use DebugView from SysInternals or sawbuck to view LOG() messages that normally go to stderr on POSIX.
“The Chromium Logo The Chromium Projects Home Chromium ChromiumOS Quick Links Report Bugs Discuss Other Sites Chromium Blog Google Chrome Extensions Except As Otherwise Noted, The Content Of This Page Is Licensed Under A Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 License, And Examples Are Licensed Under The BSD License. Privacy Edit This Page For Developers > How-Tos > Debugging Chromium On Windows First See Get The Code For Checkout And Build Instructions. Getting Started You Can Use Visual Studio's Built-in Debugger Or WinDBG To Debug Chromium. You Don't Need To Use The IDE To Build In Order To Use The Debugger: Autoninja Is Used To Build Chromium And Most Developers Invoke It From A Command Prompt, And Then Open The IDE For Debugging As Necessary. To Start Debugging An Already-built Executable With Visual Studio Just Launch Visual Studio (2019 Or Higher) And Select File-> Open-> Project/Solution (Ctrl+Shift+O) And Select The Executable Of Interest. This Will Create A Solution With That Executable As The 'project'. You Can Then Launch The Debugger With F5 Or F11 Or From The Debug Menu. If You Right-click On The Executable In Solution Explorer And Select Properties Then You Can Edit Things Such As The Executable Path, Command-line Arguments, And Working Directory. You Can Add Additional Executables To The Solution By Using File-> Add-> Existing Project And Selecting Another Already-built Executable. You Can Select Which One To Debug By Right-clicking On One Of Them In Solution Explorer And Selecting Set As Startup Project. When Your Solution File Is Customized To Your Taste You Can Save It To A Directory Such As Out\solutions. Saving It There Helps Ensure That Relative Paths To Source Files, Printed From Build Commands, Will Correctly Identify The Source Files. The Tools Menu Can Be Used To Add Commands To Do Things Like Invoke Autoninja To Build Chrome, Compile The Selected Source File, Or Other Things. Visual Studio 2017 Is Not Recommended For Debugging Of Chromium - Use A Newer Version For Best Performance And Stability. Symbol_level=2 Is The Default On Windows And Gives Full Debugging Information With Types, Locals, Globals, Function Names, And Source/line Information. Symbol_level=1 Creates Smaller PDBs With Just Function Names, And Source/line Information - Source-level Debugging Is Still Supported (new From June 2019), But Local Variables And Type Information Are Missing. Symbol_level=0 Gives Extremely Limited Debugging Abilities, Mostly Just Viewing Call Stacks When Chromium Crashes. Browsing Source Code If You Use A Solution File Generated By Gn (gn Gen --ide=vs) Then Intellisense May Help You Navigate The Code. If This Doesn't Work Or If You Use A Solution Created As Above Then You May Want To Install VsChromium To Help Navigate The Code, As Well As Using Https://source.chromium.org. Profiles It's A Good Idea To Use A Different Chrome Profile For Your Debugging. If You Are Debugging Google Chrome Branded Builds, Or Use A Chromium Build As Your Primary Browser, The Profiles Can Collide So You Can't Run Both At Once, And Your Stable Browser Might See Profile Versions From The Future (Google Chrome And Chromium Use Different Profile Directories By Default So Won't Collide). Use The Command-line Option: --user-data-dir=C:\tmp\my_debug_profile (replace The Path As Necessary) Using The IDE, Go To The Debugging Tab Of The Properties Of The Chrome Project, And Set The Command Arguments. Chrome Debug Log Enable Chrome Debug Logging To A File By Passing --enable-logging --v=1 Command-line Flags At Startup. Debug Builds Place The Chrome_debug.log File In The Out\Debug Directory. Release Builds Place The File In The Top Level Of The User Data Chromium App Directory, Which Is OS-version-dependent. For More Information, See Logging And User Data Directory Details. Symbol Server If You Are Debugging Official Google Chrome Release Builds, Use The Symbol Server: Https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com In Visual Studio, This Goes In Tools > Options Under Debugging > Symbols. You Should Set Up A Local Cache In A Empty Directory On Your Computer. In Windbg You Can Add This To Your Symbol Server Search Path With The Command Below, Where C:\symbols Is A Local Cache Directory: .sympath+ SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com Alternately, You Can Set The _NT_SYMBOL_PATH Environment Variable To Include Both The Microsoft And Google Symbol Servers - VS, Windbg, And Other Tools Should Both Respect This Environment Variable: _NT_SYMBOL_PATH=SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com Note That Symbol Servers Will Let The Debuggers Download Both The PE Files (DLLs And EXEs) And The PDB Files. Chrome Often Loads Third Party Libraries And Partial Symbols For Some Of These Are Also Public. For Example: AMD: Https://download.amd.com/dir/bin Nvidia: Https://driver-symbols.nvidia.com/ Intel: Https://software.intel.com/sites/downloads/symbols/ For Example, For Completeness, The Following Symbol Server Environment Variable Will Resolve All Of The Above Sources - But This Is More Than Is Normally Needed: _NT_SYMBOL_PATH=SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://download.amd.com/dir/bin;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://driver-symbols.nvidia.com/;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://software.intel.com/sites/downloads/symbols/ Source Indexing You Should Set Up Source Indexing In Your Debugger (.srcfix In Windbg, Tools-> Options-> Debugging-> General-> Enable Source Server Support In Visual Studio) So That The Correct Source Files Will Automatically Be Downloaded Based On Information In The Downloaded Symbols. Additionally, You Must Have Python In Your Path In Order For The Command That Fetches Source Files To Succeed; Launching The Debugger From The Same Environment As Where You Build Chromium Is An Easy Way To Ensure It's Present. This Is Highly Recommended When Debugging Released Google Chrome Builds Or Looking At Crash Dumps. Having The Correct Version Of The Source Files Automatically Show Up Saves Significant Time So You Should Definitely Set This. Multi-process Issues Chromium Can Be Challenging To Debug Because Of Its Multi-process Architecture. When You Select Run In The Debugger, Only The Main Browser Process Will Be Debugged. The Code That Actually Renders Web Pages (the Renderer) And The Plugins Will Be In Separate Processes That's Not (yet!) Being Debugged. The ProcessExplorer Tool Has A Process Tree View Where You Can See How These Processes Are Related. You Can Also Get The Process IDs Associated With Each Tab From The Chrome Task Manager (right-click On An Empty Area Of The Window Title Bar To Open). Automatically Attach To Child Processes There Are Two Visual Studio Extensions That Enable The Debugger To Automatically Attach To All Chrome Processes, So You Can Debug All Of Chrome At Once. Microsoft's Child Process Debugging Power Tool Is A Standalone Extension For This, And VsChromium Is Another Option That Bundles Many Other Additional Features. In Addition To Installing One Of These Extensions, You Must Run Visual Studio As Administrator, Or It Will Silently Fail To Attach To Some Of Chrome's Child Processes. Single-process Mode One Way To Debug Issues Is To Run Chromium In Single-process Mode. This Will Allow You To See The Entire State Of The Program Without Extra Work (although It Will Still Have Many Threads). To Use Single-process Mode, Add The Command-line Flag --single-process This Approach Isn't Perfect Because Some Problems Won't Manifest Themselves In This Mode And Some Features Don't Work And Worker Threads Are Still Spawned Into New Processes. Manually Attaching To A Child Process You Can Attach To The Running Child Processes With The Debugger. Select Tools > Attach To Process And Click The Chrome.exe Process You Want To Attach To. Before Attaching, Make Sure You Have Selected Only Native Code When Attaching To The Process This Is Done By Clicking Select... In The Attach To Process Window And Only Checking Native. If You Forget This, It May Attempt To Attach In "WebKit" Mode To Debug JavaScript, And You'll Get An Error Message "An Operation Is Not Legal In The Current State." You Can Now Debug The Two Processes As If They Were One. When You Are Debugging Multiple Processes, Open The Debug > Windows > Processes Window To Switch Between Them. Sometimes You Are Debugging Something That Only Happens On Startup, And Want To See The Child Process As Soon As It Starts. Use: --renderer-startup-dialog --no-sandbox You Have To Disable The Sandbox Or The Dialog Box Will Be Prohibited From Showing. When The Dialog Appears, Visit Tools > Attach To Process And Attach To The Process Showing The Renderer Startup Dialog. Now You're Debugging In The Renderer And Can Continue Execution By Pressing OK In The Dialog. Startup Dialogs Also Exist For Other Child Process Types: --gpu-startup-dialog, --ppapi-startup-dialog, --utility-startup-dialog, --plugin-startup-dialog (for NPAPI). For Utilities, You Can Add A Service Type --utility-startup-dialog=data_decoder.mojom.DataDecoderService. You Can Also Try The Vs-chromium Plug-in To Attach To The Right Processes. Semi-automatically Attaching The Debugger To Child Processes The Following Flags Cause Child Processes To Wait For 60 Seconds In A Busy Loop For A Debugger To Attach To The Process. Once Either Condition Is True, It Continues On; No Exception Is Thrown. --wait-for-debugger-children[=filter] The Filter, If Provided, Will Fire Only If It Matches The --type Parameter To The Process. Values Include Renderer, Plugin (for NPAPI), Ppapi, Gpu-process, And Utility. When Using This Option, It May Be Helpful To Limit The Number Of Renderer Processes Spawned, Using: --renderer-process-limit=1 Image File Execution Options Using Image File Execution Options (IFEO) Will Not Work Because CreateProcess() Returns The Handle To The Debugger Process Instead Of The Intended Child Process. There Are Also Issues With The Sandbox. Time Travel Debugging You Can Do Time Travel Debugging Using WinDbg Preview (must Be Installed From The Microsoft Store). This Lets You Execute A Program Forward And Backwards. After Capturing A Trace, You Can Set Breakpoints And Step Through Code As Normal, But Also Provides 'backwards' Commands (g-, T-, P-) So That You Can Go Back And Forth Through The Execution. It Is Especially Useful To Set Data Breakpoints (ba Command) And Reverse Continuing, So You Can See When A Certain Variable Was Last Changed To Its Current Value. Chromium Specifics: The Type Of Injection The Time Travel Tracer Needs To Perform Is Incompatible With The Chromium Sandbox. In Order To Record A Trace, You'll Need To Run With --no-sandbox. Chromium Cannot Run Elevated With Administrator Privileges, So The "Launch Executable (advance)" Option Won't Work, You'll Need To Attach After The Process Has Already Launched Via The Checkbox In The Bottom Right. If You Need To Record Startup-like Things, You'll Have To Use --{browser,gpu,renderer,utility}-startup-dialog, Then Attach (and Hope The Relevant Code Hasn't Executed Before That Point). JsDbg -- Data Structure Visualization You Can Install JsDbg As A Plugin For WinDbg Or Visual Studio. It Interactively Lets You Look At Data Structures (such As The DOM Tree, Accessibility Tree, Layout Object Tree, And Others) In A Web Browser As You Debug. See The JsDbg Site For Some Screen Shots And Usage Examples. This Also Works When Examining Memory Dumps (though Not Minidumps), And Also Works Together With Time Travel Debugging. Visual Studio Hints Debug Visualizers Chrome's Custom Debug Visualizers Should Be Added To The Pdb Files And Automatically Picked Up By Visual Studio. The Definitions Are In //tools/win/DebugVisualizers If You Need To Modify Them (the BUILD.gn File There Has Additional Instructions). Don't Step Into Trivial Functions The Debugger Can Be Configured To Automatically Not Step Into Functions Based On Regular Expression. Edit Default.natstepfilter In The Following Directory: For Visual Studio 2015: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers (for All Users) Or %USERPROFILE%\My Documents\Visual Studio 2015\Visualizers (for The Current User Only) For Visual Studio 2017 Pro: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers (for All Users) Or %USERPROFILE%\My Documents\Visual Studio 2017\Visualizers (for The Current User Only) Add Regular Expressions Of Functions To Not Step Into. Remember To Regex-escape And XML-escape Them, E.g. < For < And \. For A Literal Dot. Example: Operator New NoStepInto Operator Delete NoStepInto Std::.* NoStepInto WTF::.*Ptr ::.* NoStepInto This File Is Read At Start Of A Debugging Session (F5), So You Don't Need To Restart Visual Studio After Changing It. More Info: Microsoft Email Thread V8 And Chromium V8 Supports Many Command-line Flags That Are Useful For Debugging. V8 Command-line Flags Can Be Set Via The Chromium Command-line Flag --js-flags; For Instance: Chrome.exe --js-flags="--trace_exception --heap_stats" Note That Some V8 Command-line Flags Exist Only In The Debug Build Of V8. For A List Of All V8 Flags Try: Chrome.exe --js-flags="--help" Graphics Debugging GPU Acceleration Of Rendering Can Be More Easily Debugged With Tools. See: Graphics Debugging In Visual Studio 2013 Graphical Debugging With NVIDIA NSight Debugging On Another Machine Sometimes It's Useful To Debug Installation And Execution On A Machine Other Than Your Primary Build Box. To Run The Installer On Said Other Machine, First Build The Mini_installer Target On Your Main Build Machine (e.g., Autoninja -C Out\Debug Mini_installer). Next, On The Debug Machine: Make The Build Machine's Build Volume Available On The Debug Machine Either By Mounting It Locally (e.g., Z:\) Or By Crafting A UNC Path To It (e.g., \\builder\src) Open Up A Command Prompt And Change To A Local Disk Run Src\tools\win\copy-installer.bat In The Remote Checkout By Way Of The Mount (e.g., Z:\PATHTOCHECKOUT\src\...) Or UNC Path (e.g., \\builder\src\...). This Will Copy The Installer, DLLs, And PDBs Into Your Debug Machine's C:\out Or C:\build (depending On If You're Rocking The Component=shared_library Build Or Not) Run C:\out\Debug\mini_installer.exe With The Flags Of Your Choice To Install Chrome. This Can Take Some Time, Especially On A Slow Machine. Watch The Task Manager And Wait Until Mini_installer.exe Exits Before Trying To Launch Chrome (by Way Of The Shortcut(s) Created By The Installer) For Extra Pleasure, Add C:\out\Debug To Your _NT_SYMBOL_PATH Environment Variable Consider Reading The Documentation At The Top Of Copy-installer.bat To See How You Can Run It. It Tries To Be Smart And Copy The Right Things, But You May Need To Be Explicit (e.g., "copy-installer.bat Out Debug"). It Is Safe To Re-run The Script To Copy Only Modified Files (after A Rebuild, For Example). You Can Also Use The Zip Action Of The Isolate Scripts (tools\mb\mb.py) To Package All The Files For A Target Into A Single Zip File, For Example: Python Tools\mb\mb.py Zip Out/Release Base_unittests Base_unittests.zip Finding All Memory Allocations It Is Possible To Use Heap Snapshots To Get Call Stacks On All Outstanding Allocations That Use The OS Heap. This Works Particularly Well If Heap Snapshots Are Started As Soon As The Chrome Browser Process Is Created, But Before It Starts Running. Details Can Be Found In This Batch File. However, With PartitionAlloc Everywhere Most Chromium Allocations No Longer Use The Windows Heap So This Will Only Find A Subset Of Allocations, Mostly From OS DLLs. Find Memory Leaks Note: As With Heap Snapshots The Utility Of UMDH Is Greatly Reduced Now Because PartitionAlloc Everywhere Has Mostly Replaced The Windows Heap. The Windows Heap Manager Has A Really Useful Debug Flag, Where It Can Be Asked To Capture And Store A Stack Trace With Every Allocation. The Tool To Scrape These Stack Traces Out Of Processes Is UMDH, Which Comes With WinDbg. UMDH Is Great. It Will Capture A Snapshot Of The Heap State As Many Times As You Like, And It'll Do It Fairly Quickly. You Then Run It Again Against Either A Single Snapshot, Or A Pair Of Snapshots, At Which Time It'll Symbolize The Stack Traces And Aggregate Usage Up To Unique Stack Traces. Turning On The User Stack Trace Database For Chrome.exe With Gflags.exe Makes It Run Unbearably Slowly; However, Turning On The User Stack Trace Database On For The Browser Alone Is Just Fine. While It's Possible To Turn On The User Stack Database With The "!gflag" Debugging Extension, It's Too Late To Do This By The Time The Initial Debugger Breakpoint Hits. The Only Reasonable Way To Do This Is To Launch GFlags.exe, Enable The User Stack Trace Database (per Image Below), Launch Chrome Under The Debugger. Set A Breakpont When Chrome.dll Loads With "sxe Ld Chrome.dll". Step Up, To Allow Chrome.dll To Initialize. Disable The Stack Trace Database In GFlags.exe. Continue Chrome, Optionally Detaching The Debugger. Image GFlags.exe Settings For User Mode Stack Trace Database. If You Then Ever Suffer A Browser Memory Leak, You Can Snarf A Dump Of The Process With Umdh -p: > Chrome-browser-leak-umdh-dump.txt Which Can Then Typically Be "trivially" Analyzed To Find The Culprit. Miscellaneous Note That By Default Application Verifier Only Works With Non-official Builds Of Chromium. To Use Application Verifier On Official Builds You Need To Add --disable-features=RendererCodeIntegrity To Avoid Sandbox Crashes In Renderer Processes. See Crbug.com/1004989 For Details. See Also This Page. Application Verifier Is A Free Tool From Microsoft (available As Part Of The Windows SDK) That Can Be Used To Flush Out Programming Errors. Starting With M68 Application Verifier Can Be Enabled For Chrome.exe Without Needing To Disable The Sandbox. After Adding Chrome.exe To The List Of Applications To Be Stressed You Need To Expand The List Of Basics Checks And Disable The Leak Checks. You May Also Need To Disable Handles And Locks Checks Depending On Your Graphics Driver And Specific Chrome Version, But The Eventual Goal Is To Have Chrome Run With Handles And Locks Checks Enabled. When Bugs Are Found Chrome Will Trigger A Breakpoint So Running All Chrome Processes Under A Debugger Is Recommended. Chrome Will Run Much More Slowly Because Application Verifier Puts Every Heap Allocation On A Separate Page. Note That With PartitionAlloc Everywhere Most Chromium Allocations Don't Actually Go Through The Windows Heap And Are Therefore Unaffected By Application Verifier. You Can Check The Undocumented 'Cuzz' Checkbox In Application Verifier To Get The Windows Thread Scheduler To Add Some Extra Randomness In Order To Help Expose Race Conditions In Your Code. To Put A Breakpoint On CreateFile(), Add This Break Point: {,,kernel32.dll}_CreateFileW@28 {,,kernel32.dll} Specifies The DLL (context Operator). _ Prefix Means Extern "C". @28 Postfix Means _stdcall With The Stack Pop At The End Of The Function. I.e. The Number Of Arguments In BYTES. You Can Use DebugView From SysInternals Or Sawbuck To View LOG() Messages That Normally Go To Stderr On POSIX.” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ The Chromium Logo The Chromium Projects Home Chromium ChromiumOS Quick Links Report Bugs Discuss Other Sites Chromium Blog Google Chrome Extensions Except As Otherwise Noted, The Content Of This Page Is Licensed Under A Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 License, And Examples Are Licensed Under The BSD License. Privacy Edit This Page For Developers > How-Tos > Debugging Chromium On Windows First See Get The Code For Checkout And Build Instructions. Getting Started You Can Use Visual Studio's Built-in Debugger Or WinDBG To Debug Chromium. You Don't Need To Use The IDE To Build In Order To Use The Debugger: Autoninja Is Used To Build Chromium And Most Developers Invoke It From A Command Prompt, And Then Open The IDE For Debugging As Necessary. To Start Debugging An Already-built Executable With Visual Studio Just Launch Visual Studio (2019 Or Higher) And Select File-> Open-> Project/Solution (Ctrl+Shift+O) And Select The Executable Of Interest. This Will Create A Solution With That Executable As The 'project'. You Can Then Launch The Debugger With F5 Or F11 Or From The Debug Menu. If You Right-click On The Executable In Solution Explorer And Select Properties Then You Can Edit Things Such As The Executable Path, Command-line Arguments, And Working Directory. You Can Add Additional Executables To The Solution By Using File-> Add-> Existing Project And Selecting Another Already-built Executable. You Can Select Which One To Debug By Right-clicking On One Of Them In Solution Explorer And Selecting Set As Startup Project. When Your Solution File Is Customized To Your Taste You Can Save It To A Directory Such As Out\solutions. Saving It There Helps Ensure That Relative Paths To Source Files, Printed From Build Commands, Will Correctly Identify The Source Files. The Tools Menu Can Be Used To Add Commands To Do Things Like Invoke Autoninja To Build Chrome, Compile The Selected Source File, Or Other Things. Visual Studio 2017 Is Not Recommended For Debugging Of Chromium - Use A Newer Version For Best Performance And Stability. Symbol_level=2 Is The Default On Windows And Gives Full Debugging Information With Types, Locals, Globals, Function Names, And Source/line Information. Symbol_level=1 Creates Smaller PDBs With Just Function Names, And Source/line Information - Source-level Debugging Is Still Supported (new From June 2019), But Local Variables And Type Information Are Missing. Symbol_level=0 Gives Extremely Limited Debugging Abilities, Mostly Just Viewing Call Stacks When Chromium Crashes. Browsing Source Code If You Use A Solution File Generated By Gn (gn Gen --ide=vs) Then Intellisense May Help You Navigate The Code. If This Doesn't Work Or If You Use A Solution Created As Above Then You May Want To Install VsChromium To Help Navigate The Code, As Well As Using Https://source.chromium.org. Profiles It's A Good Idea To Use A Different Chrome Profile For Your Debugging. If You Are Debugging Google Chrome Branded Builds, Or Use A Chromium Build As Your Primary Browser, The Profiles Can Collide So You Can't Run Both At Once, And Your Stable Browser Might See Profile Versions From The Future (Google Chrome And Chromium Use Different Profile Directories By Default So Won't Collide). Use The Command-line Option: --user-data-dir=C:\tmp\my_debug_profile (replace The Path As Necessary) Using The IDE, Go To The Debugging Tab Of The Properties Of The Chrome Project, And Set The Command Arguments. Chrome Debug Log Enable Chrome Debug Logging To A File By Passing --enable-logging --v=1 Command-line Flags At Startup. Debug Builds Place The Chrome_debug.log File In The Out\Debug Directory. Release Builds Place The File In The Top Level Of The User Data Chromium App Directory, Which Is OS-version-dependent. For More Information, See Logging And User Data Directory Details. Symbol Server If You Are Debugging Official Google Chrome Release Builds, Use The Symbol Server: Https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com In Visual Studio, This Goes In Tools > Options Under Debugging > Symbols. You Should Set Up A Local Cache In A Empty Directory On Your Computer. In Windbg You Can Add This To Your Symbol Server Search Path With The Command Below, Where C:\symbols Is A Local Cache Directory: .sympath+ SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com Alternately, You Can Set The _NT_SYMBOL_PATH Environment Variable To Include Both The Microsoft And Google Symbol Servers - VS, Windbg, And Other Tools Should Both Respect This Environment Variable: _NT_SYMBOL_PATH=SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com Note That Symbol Servers Will Let The Debuggers Download Both The PE Files (DLLs And EXEs) And The PDB Files. Chrome Often Loads Third Party Libraries And Partial Symbols For Some Of These Are Also Public. For Example: AMD: Https://download.amd.com/dir/bin Nvidia: Https://driver-symbols.nvidia.com/ Intel: Https://software.intel.com/sites/downloads/symbols/ For Example, For Completeness, The Following Symbol Server Environment Variable Will Resolve All Of The Above Sources - But This Is More Than Is Normally Needed: _NT_SYMBOL_PATH=SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://download.amd.com/dir/bin;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://driver-symbols.nvidia.com/;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://software.intel.com/sites/downloads/symbols/ Source Indexing You Should Set Up Source Indexing In Your Debugger (.srcfix In Windbg, Tools-> Options-> Debugging-> General-> Enable Source Server Support In Visual Studio) So That The Correct Source Files Will Automatically Be Downloaded Based On Information In The Downloaded Symbols. Additionally, You Must Have Python In Your Path In Order For The Command That Fetches Source Files To Succeed; Launching The Debugger From The Same Environment As Where You Build Chromium Is An Easy Way To Ensure It's Present. This Is Highly Recommended When Debugging Released Google Chrome Builds Or Looking At Crash Dumps. Having The Correct Version Of The Source Files Automatically Show Up Saves Significant Time So You Should Definitely Set This. Multi-process Issues Chromium Can Be Challenging To Debug Because Of Its Multi-process Architecture. When You Select Run In The Debugger, Only The Main Browser Process Will Be Debugged. The Code That Actually Renders Web Pages (the Renderer) And The Plugins Will Be In Separate Processes That's Not (yet!) Being Debugged. The ProcessExplorer Tool Has A Process Tree View Where You Can See How These Processes Are Related. You Can Also Get The Process IDs Associated With Each Tab From The Chrome Task Manager (right-click On An Empty Area Of The Window Title Bar To Open). Automatically Attach To Child Processes There Are Two Visual Studio Extensions That Enable The Debugger To Automatically Attach To All Chrome Processes, So You Can Debug All Of Chrome At Once. Microsoft's Child Process Debugging Power Tool Is A Standalone Extension For This, And VsChromium Is Another Option That Bundles Many Other Additional Features. In Addition To Installing One Of These Extensions, You Must Run Visual Studio As Administrator, Or It Will Silently Fail To Attach To Some Of Chrome's Child Processes. Single-process Mode One Way To Debug Issues Is To Run Chromium In Single-process Mode. This Will Allow You To See The Entire State Of The Program Without Extra Work (although It Will Still Have Many Threads). To Use Single-process Mode, Add The Command-line Flag --single-process This Approach Isn't Perfect Because Some Problems Won't Manifest Themselves In This Mode And Some Features Don't Work And Worker Threads Are Still Spawned Into New Processes. Manually Attaching To A Child Process You Can Attach To The Running Child Processes With The Debugger. Select Tools > Attach To Process And Click The Chrome.exe Process You Want To Attach To. Before Attaching, Make Sure You Have Selected Only Native Code When Attaching To The Process This Is Done By Clicking Select... In The Attach To Process Window And Only Checking Native. If You Forget This, It May Attempt To Attach In "WebKit" Mode To Debug JavaScript, And You'll Get An Error Message "An Operation Is Not Legal In The Current State." You Can Now Debug The Two Processes As If They Were One. When You Are Debugging Multiple Processes, Open The Debug > Windows > Processes Window To Switch Between Them. Sometimes You Are Debugging Something That Only Happens On Startup, And Want To See The Child Process As Soon As It Starts. Use: --renderer-startup-dialog --no-sandbox You Have To Disable The Sandbox Or The Dialog Box Will Be Prohibited From Showing. When The Dialog Appears, Visit Tools > Attach To Process And Attach To The Process Showing The Renderer Startup Dialog. Now You're Debugging In The Renderer And Can Continue Execution By Pressing OK In The Dialog. Startup Dialogs Also Exist For Other Child Process Types: --gpu-startup-dialog, --ppapi-startup-dialog, --utility-startup-dialog, --plugin-startup-dialog (for NPAPI). For Utilities, You Can Add A Service Type --utility-startup-dialog=data_decoder.mojom.DataDecoderService. You Can Also Try The Vs-chromium Plug-in To Attach To The Right Processes. Semi-automatically Attaching The Debugger To Child Processes The Following Flags Cause Child Processes To Wait For 60 Seconds In A Busy Loop For A Debugger To Attach To The Process. Once Either Condition Is True, It Continues On; No Exception Is Thrown. --wait-for-debugger-children[=filter] The Filter, If Provided, Will Fire Only If It Matches The --type Parameter To The Process. Values Include Renderer, Plugin (for NPAPI), Ppapi, Gpu-process, And Utility. When Using This Option, It May Be Helpful To Limit The Number Of Renderer Processes Spawned, Using: --renderer-process-limit=1 Image File Execution Options Using Image File Execution Options (IFEO) Will Not Work Because CreateProcess() Returns The Handle To The Debugger Process Instead Of The Intended Child Process. There Are Also Issues With The Sandbox. Time Travel Debugging You Can Do Time Travel Debugging Using WinDbg Preview (must Be Installed From The Microsoft Store). This Lets You Execute A Program Forward And Backwards. After Capturing A Trace, You Can Set Breakpoints And Step Through Code As Normal, But Also Provides 'backwards' Commands (g-, T-, P-) So That You Can Go Back And Forth Through The Execution. It Is Especially Useful To Set Data Breakpoints (ba Command) And Reverse Continuing, So You Can See When A Certain Variable Was Last Changed To Its Current Value. Chromium Specifics: The Type Of Injection The Time Travel Tracer Needs To Perform Is Incompatible With The Chromium Sandbox. In Order To Record A Trace, You'll Need To Run With --no-sandbox. Chromium Cannot Run Elevated With Administrator Privileges, So The "Launch Executable (advance)" Option Won't Work, You'll Need To Attach After The Process Has Already Launched Via The Checkbox In The Bottom Right. If You Need To Record Startup-like Things, You'll Have To Use --{browser,gpu,renderer,utility}-startup-dialog, Then Attach (and Hope The Relevant Code Hasn't Executed Before That Point). JsDbg -- Data Structure Visualization You Can Install JsDbg As A Plugin For WinDbg Or Visual Studio. It Interactively Lets You Look At Data Structures (such As The DOM Tree, Accessibility Tree, Layout Object Tree, And Others) In A Web Browser As You Debug. See The JsDbg Site For Some Screen Shots And Usage Examples. This Also Works When Examining Memory Dumps (though Not Minidumps), And Also Works Together With Time Travel Debugging. Visual Studio Hints Debug Visualizers Chrome's Custom Debug Visualizers Should Be Added To The Pdb Files And Automatically Picked Up By Visual Studio. The Definitions Are In //tools/win/DebugVisualizers If You Need To Modify Them (the BUILD.gn File There Has Additional Instructions). Don't Step Into Trivial Functions The Debugger Can Be Configured To Automatically Not Step Into Functions Based On Regular Expression. Edit Default.natstepfilter In The Following Directory: For Visual Studio 2015: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers (for All Users) Or %USERPROFILE%\My Documents\Visual Studio 2015\Visualizers (for The Current User Only) For Visual Studio 2017 Pro: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers (for All Users) Or %USERPROFILE%\My Documents\Visual Studio 2017\Visualizers (for The Current User Only) Add Regular Expressions Of Functions To Not Step Into. Remember To Regex-escape And XML-escape Them, E.g. < For < And \. For A Literal Dot. Example: Operator New NoStepInto Operator Delete NoStepInto Std::.* NoStepInto WTF::.*Ptr ::.* NoStepInto This File Is Read At Start Of A Debugging Session (F5), So You Don't Need To Restart Visual Studio After Changing It. More Info: Microsoft Email Thread V8 And Chromium V8 Supports Many Command-line Flags That Are Useful For Debugging. V8 Command-line Flags Can Be Set Via The Chromium Command-line Flag --js-flags; For Instance: Chrome.exe --js-flags="--trace_exception --heap_stats" Note That Some V8 Command-line Flags Exist Only In The Debug Build Of V8. For A List Of All V8 Flags Try: Chrome.exe --js-flags="--help" Graphics Debugging GPU Acceleration Of Rendering Can Be More Easily Debugged With Tools. See: Graphics Debugging In Visual Studio 2013 Graphical Debugging With NVIDIA NSight Debugging On Another Machine Sometimes It's Useful To Debug Installation And Execution On A Machine Other Than Your Primary Build Box. To Run The Installer On Said Other Machine, First Build The Mini_installer Target On Your Main Build Machine (e.g., Autoninja -C Out\Debug Mini_installer). Next, On The Debug Machine: Make The Build Machine's Build Volume Available On The Debug Machine Either By Mounting It Locally (e.g., Z:\) Or By Crafting A UNC Path To It (e.g., \\builder\src) Open Up A Command Prompt And Change To A Local Disk Run Src\tools\win\copy-installer.bat In The Remote Checkout By Way Of The Mount (e.g., Z:\PATHTOCHECKOUT\src\...) Or UNC Path (e.g., \\builder\src\...). This Will Copy The Installer, DLLs, And PDBs Into Your Debug Machine's C:\out Or C:\build (depending On If You're Rocking The Component=shared_library Build Or Not) Run C:\out\Debug\mini_installer.exe With The Flags Of Your Choice To Install Chrome. This Can Take Some Time, Especially On A Slow Machine. Watch The Task Manager And Wait Until Mini_installer.exe Exits Before Trying To Launch Chrome (by Way Of The Shortcut(s) Created By The Installer) For Extra Pleasure, Add C:\out\Debug To Your _NT_SYMBOL_PATH Environment Variable Consider Reading The Documentation At The Top Of Copy-installer.bat To See How You Can Run It. It Tries To Be Smart And Copy The Right Things, But You May Need To Be Explicit (e.g., "copy-installer.bat Out Debug"). It Is Safe To Re-run The Script To Copy Only Modified Files (after A Rebuild, For Example). You Can Also Use The Zip Action Of The Isolate Scripts (tools\mb\mb.py) To Package All The Files For A Target Into A Single Zip File, For Example: Python Tools\mb\mb.py Zip Out/Release Base_unittests Base_unittests.zip Finding All Memory Allocations It Is Possible To Use Heap Snapshots To Get Call Stacks On All Outstanding Allocations That Use The OS Heap. This Works Particularly Well If Heap Snapshots Are Started As Soon As The Chrome Browser Process Is Created, But Before It Starts Running. Details Can Be Found In This Batch File. However, With PartitionAlloc Everywhere Most Chromium Allocations No Longer Use The Windows Heap So This Will Only Find A Subset Of Allocations, Mostly From OS DLLs. Find Memory Leaks Note: As With Heap Snapshots The Utility Of UMDH Is Greatly Reduced Now Because PartitionAlloc Everywhere Has Mostly Replaced The Windows Heap. The Windows Heap Manager Has A Really Useful Debug Flag, Where It Can Be Asked To Capture And Store A Stack Trace With Every Allocation. The Tool To Scrape These Stack Traces Out Of Processes Is UMDH, Which Comes With WinDbg. UMDH Is Great. It Will Capture A Snapshot Of The Heap State As Many Times As You Like, And It'll Do It Fairly Quickly. You Then Run It Again Against Either A Single Snapshot, Or A Pair Of Snapshots, At Which Time It'll Symbolize The Stack Traces And Aggregate Usage Up To Unique Stack Traces. Turning On The User Stack Trace Database For Chrome.exe With Gflags.exe Makes It Run Unbearably Slowly; However, Turning On The User Stack Trace Database On For The Browser Alone Is Just Fine. While It's Possible To Turn On The User Stack Database With The "!gflag" Debugging Extension, It's Too Late To Do This By The Time The Initial Debugger Breakpoint Hits. The Only Reasonable Way To Do This Is To Launch GFlags.exe, Enable The User Stack Trace Database (per Image Below), Launch Chrome Under The Debugger. Set A Breakpont When Chrome.dll Loads With "sxe Ld Chrome.dll". Step Up, To Allow Chrome.dll To Initialize. Disable The Stack Trace Database In GFlags.exe. Continue Chrome, Optionally Detaching The Debugger. Image GFlags.exe Settings For User Mode Stack Trace Database. If You Then Ever Suffer A Browser Memory Leak, You Can Snarf A Dump Of The Process With Umdh -p: > Chrome-browser-leak-umdh-dump.txt Which Can Then Typically Be "trivially" Analyzed To Find The Culprit. Miscellaneous Note That By Default Application Verifier Only Works With Non-official Builds Of Chromium. To Use Application Verifier On Official Builds You Need To Add --disable-features=RendererCodeIntegrity To Avoid Sandbox Crashes In Renderer Processes. See Crbug.com/1004989 For Details. See Also This Page. Application Verifier Is A Free Tool From Microsoft (available As Part Of The Windows SDK) That Can Be Used To Flush Out Programming Errors. Starting With M68 Application Verifier Can Be Enabled For Chrome.exe Without Needing To Disable The Sandbox. After Adding Chrome.exe To The List Of Applications To Be Stressed You Need To Expand The List Of Basics Checks And Disable The Leak Checks. You May Also Need To Disable Handles And Locks Checks Depending On Your Graphics Driver And Specific Chrome Version, But The Eventual Goal Is To Have Chrome Run With Handles And Locks Checks Enabled. When Bugs Are Found Chrome Will Trigger A Breakpoint So Running All Chrome Processes Under A Debugger Is Recommended. Chrome Will Run Much More Slowly Because Application Verifier Puts Every Heap Allocation On A Separate Page. Note That With PartitionAlloc Everywhere Most Chromium Allocations Don't Actually Go Through The Windows Heap And Are Therefore Unaffected By Application Verifier. You Can Check The Undocumented 'Cuzz' Checkbox In Application Verifier To Get The Windows Thread Scheduler To Add Some Extra Randomness In Order To Help Expose Race Conditions In Your Code. To Put A Breakpoint On CreateFile(), Add This Break Point: {,,kernel32.dll}_CreateFileW@28 {,,kernel32.dll} Specifies The DLL (context Operator). _ Prefix Means Extern "C". @28 Postfix Means _stdcall With The Stack Pop At The End Of The Function. I.e. The Number Of Arguments In BYTES. You Can Use DebugView From SysInternals Or Sawbuck To View LOG() Messages That Normally Go To Stderr On POSIX.
“The Chromium Logo The Chromium Projects Home Chromium ChromiumOS Quick Links Report Bugs Discuss Other Sites Chromium Blog Google Chrome Extensions Except As Otherwise Noted, The Content Of This Page Is Licensed Under A Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 License, And Examples Are Licensed Under The BSD License. Privacy Edit This Page For Developers > How-Tos > Debugging Chromium On Windows First See Get The Code For Checkout And Build Instructions. Getting Started You Can Use Visual Studio's Built-in Debugger Or WinDBG To Debug Chromium. You Don't Need To Use The IDE To Build In Order To Use The Debugger: Autoninja Is Used To Build Chromium And Most Developers Invoke It From A Command Prompt, And Then Open The IDE For Debugging As Necessary. To Start Debugging An Already-built Executable With Visual Studio Just Launch Visual Studio (2019 Or Higher) And Select File-> Open-> Project/Solution (Ctrl+Shift+O) And Select The Executable Of Interest. This Will Create A Solution With That Executable As The 'project'. You Can Then Launch The Debugger With F5 Or F11 Or From The Debug Menu. If You Right-click On The Executable In Solution Explorer And Select Properties Then You Can Edit Things Such As The Executable Path, Command-line Arguments, And Working Directory. You Can Add Additional Executables To The Solution By Using File-> Add-> Existing Project And Selecting Another Already-built Executable. You Can Select Which One To Debug By Right-clicking On One Of Them In Solution Explorer And Selecting Set As Startup Project. When Your Solution File Is Customized To Your Taste You Can Save It To A Directory Such As Out\solutions. Saving It There Helps Ensure That Relative Paths To Source Files, Printed From Build Commands, Will Correctly Identify The Source Files. The Tools Menu Can Be Used To Add Commands To Do Things Like Invoke Autoninja To Build Chrome, Compile The Selected Source File, Or Other Things. Visual Studio 2017 Is Not Recommended For Debugging Of Chromium - Use A Newer Version For Best Performance And Stability. Symbol_level=2 Is The Default On Windows And Gives Full Debugging Information With Types, Locals, Globals, Function Names, And Source/line Information. Symbol_level=1 Creates Smaller PDBs With Just Function Names, And Source/line Information - Source-level Debugging Is Still Supported (new From June 2019), But Local Variables And Type Information Are Missing. Symbol_level=0 Gives Extremely Limited Debugging Abilities, Mostly Just Viewing Call Stacks When Chromium Crashes. Browsing Source Code If You Use A Solution File Generated By Gn (gn Gen --ide=vs) Then Intellisense May Help You Navigate The Code. If This Doesn't Work Or If You Use A Solution Created As Above Then You May Want To Install VsChromium To Help Navigate The Code, As Well As Using Https://source.chromium.org. Profiles It's A Good Idea To Use A Different Chrome Profile For Your Debugging. If You Are Debugging Google Chrome Branded Builds, Or Use A Chromium Build As Your Primary Browser, The Profiles Can Collide So You Can't Run Both At Once, And Your Stable Browser Might See Profile Versions From The Future (Google Chrome And Chromium Use Different Profile Directories By Default So Won't Collide). Use The Command-line Option: --user-data-dir=C:\tmp\my_debug_profile (replace The Path As Necessary) Using The IDE, Go To The Debugging Tab Of The Properties Of The Chrome Project, And Set The Command Arguments. Chrome Debug Log Enable Chrome Debug Logging To A File By Passing --enable-logging --v=1 Command-line Flags At Startup. Debug Builds Place The Chrome_debug.log File In The Out\Debug Directory. Release Builds Place The File In The Top Level Of The User Data Chromium App Directory, Which Is OS-version-dependent. For More Information, See Logging And User Data Directory Details. Symbol Server If You Are Debugging Official Google Chrome Release Builds, Use The Symbol Server: Https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com In Visual Studio, This Goes In Tools > Options Under Debugging > Symbols. You Should Set Up A Local Cache In A Empty Directory On Your Computer. In Windbg You Can Add This To Your Symbol Server Search Path With The Command Below, Where C:\symbols Is A Local Cache Directory: .sympath+ SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com Alternately, You Can Set The _NT_SYMBOL_PATH Environment Variable To Include Both The Microsoft And Google Symbol Servers - VS, Windbg, And Other Tools Should Both Respect This Environment Variable: _NT_SYMBOL_PATH=SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com Note That Symbol Servers Will Let The Debuggers Download Both The PE Files (DLLs And EXEs) And The PDB Files. Chrome Often Loads Third Party Libraries And Partial Symbols For Some Of These Are Also Public. For Example: AMD: Https://download.amd.com/dir/bin Nvidia: Https://driver-symbols.nvidia.com/ Intel: Https://software.intel.com/sites/downloads/symbols/ For Example, For Completeness, The Following Symbol Server Environment Variable Will Resolve All Of The Above Sources - But This Is More Than Is Normally Needed: _NT_SYMBOL_PATH=SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://download.amd.com/dir/bin;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://driver-symbols.nvidia.com/;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://software.intel.com/sites/downloads/symbols/ Source Indexing You Should Set Up Source Indexing In Your Debugger (.srcfix In Windbg, Tools-> Options-> Debugging-> General-> Enable Source Server Support In Visual Studio) So That The Correct Source Files Will Automatically Be Downloaded Based On Information In The Downloaded Symbols. Additionally, You Must Have Python In Your Path In Order For The Command That Fetches Source Files To Succeed; Launching The Debugger From The Same Environment As Where You Build Chromium Is An Easy Way To Ensure It's Present. This Is Highly Recommended When Debugging Released Google Chrome Builds Or Looking At Crash Dumps. Having The Correct Version Of The Source Files Automatically Show Up Saves Significant Time So You Should Definitely Set This. Multi-process Issues Chromium Can Be Challenging To Debug Because Of Its Multi-process Architecture. When You Select Run In The Debugger, Only The Main Browser Process Will Be Debugged. The Code That Actually Renders Web Pages (the Renderer) And The Plugins Will Be In Separate Processes That's Not (yet!) Being Debugged. The ProcessExplorer Tool Has A Process Tree View Where You Can See How These Processes Are Related. You Can Also Get The Process IDs Associated With Each Tab From The Chrome Task Manager (right-click On An Empty Area Of The Window Title Bar To Open). Automatically Attach To Child Processes There Are Two Visual Studio Extensions That Enable The Debugger To Automatically Attach To All Chrome Processes, So You Can Debug All Of Chrome At Once. Microsoft's Child Process Debugging Power Tool Is A Standalone Extension For This, And VsChromium Is Another Option That Bundles Many Other Additional Features. In Addition To Installing One Of These Extensions, You Must Run Visual Studio As Administrator, Or It Will Silently Fail To Attach To Some Of Chrome's Child Processes. Single-process Mode One Way To Debug Issues Is To Run Chromium In Single-process Mode. This Will Allow You To See The Entire State Of The Program Without Extra Work (although It Will Still Have Many Threads). To Use Single-process Mode, Add The Command-line Flag --single-process This Approach Isn't Perfect Because Some Problems Won't Manifest Themselves In This Mode And Some Features Don't Work And Worker Threads Are Still Spawned Into New Processes. Manually Attaching To A Child Process You Can Attach To The Running Child Processes With The Debugger. Select Tools > Attach To Process And Click The Chrome.exe Process You Want To Attach To. Before Attaching, Make Sure You Have Selected Only Native Code When Attaching To The Process This Is Done By Clicking Select... In The Attach To Process Window And Only Checking Native. If You Forget This, It May Attempt To Attach In "WebKit" Mode To Debug JavaScript, And You'll Get An Error Message "An Operation Is Not Legal In The Current State." You Can Now Debug The Two Processes As If They Were One. When You Are Debugging Multiple Processes, Open The Debug > Windows > Processes Window To Switch Between Them. Sometimes You Are Debugging Something That Only Happens On Startup, And Want To See The Child Process As Soon As It Starts. Use: --renderer-startup-dialog --no-sandbox You Have To Disable The Sandbox Or The Dialog Box Will Be Prohibited From Showing. When The Dialog Appears, Visit Tools > Attach To Process And Attach To The Process Showing The Renderer Startup Dialog. Now You're Debugging In The Renderer And Can Continue Execution By Pressing OK In The Dialog. Startup Dialogs Also Exist For Other Child Process Types: --gpu-startup-dialog, --ppapi-startup-dialog, --utility-startup-dialog, --plugin-startup-dialog (for NPAPI). For Utilities, You Can Add A Service Type --utility-startup-dialog=data_decoder.mojom.DataDecoderService. You Can Also Try The Vs-chromium Plug-in To Attach To The Right Processes. Semi-automatically Attaching The Debugger To Child Processes The Following Flags Cause Child Processes To Wait For 60 Seconds In A Busy Loop For A Debugger To Attach To The Process. Once Either Condition Is True, It Continues On; No Exception Is Thrown. --wait-for-debugger-children[=filter] The Filter, If Provided, Will Fire Only If It Matches The --type Parameter To The Process. Values Include Renderer, Plugin (for NPAPI), Ppapi, Gpu-process, And Utility. When Using This Option, It May Be Helpful To Limit The Number Of Renderer Processes Spawned, Using: --renderer-process-limit=1 Image File Execution Options Using Image File Execution Options (IFEO) Will Not Work Because CreateProcess() Returns The Handle To The Debugger Process Instead Of The Intended Child Process. There Are Also Issues With The Sandbox. Time Travel Debugging You Can Do Time Travel Debugging Using WinDbg Preview (must Be Installed From The Microsoft Store). This Lets You Execute A Program Forward And Backwards. After Capturing A Trace, You Can Set Breakpoints And Step Through Code As Normal, But Also Provides 'backwards' Commands (g-, T-, P-) So That You Can Go Back And Forth Through The Execution. It Is Especially Useful To Set Data Breakpoints (ba Command) And Reverse Continuing, So You Can See When A Certain Variable Was Last Changed To Its Current Value. Chromium Specifics: The Type Of Injection The Time Travel Tracer Needs To Perform Is Incompatible With The Chromium Sandbox. In Order To Record A Trace, You'll Need To Run With --no-sandbox. Chromium Cannot Run Elevated With Administrator Privileges, So The "Launch Executable (advance)" Option Won't Work, You'll Need To Attach After The Process Has Already Launched Via The Checkbox In The Bottom Right. If You Need To Record Startup-like Things, You'll Have To Use --{browser,gpu,renderer,utility}-startup-dialog, Then Attach (and Hope The Relevant Code Hasn't Executed Before That Point). JsDbg -- Data Structure Visualization You Can Install JsDbg As A Plugin For WinDbg Or Visual Studio. It Interactively Lets You Look At Data Structures (such As The DOM Tree, Accessibility Tree, Layout Object Tree, And Others) In A Web Browser As You Debug. See The JsDbg Site For Some Screen Shots And Usage Examples. This Also Works When Examining Memory Dumps (though Not Minidumps), And Also Works Together With Time Travel Debugging. Visual Studio Hints Debug Visualizers Chrome's Custom Debug Visualizers Should Be Added To The Pdb Files And Automatically Picked Up By Visual Studio. The Definitions Are In //tools/win/DebugVisualizers If You Need To Modify Them (the BUILD.gn File There Has Additional Instructions). Don't Step Into Trivial Functions The Debugger Can Be Configured To Automatically Not Step Into Functions Based On Regular Expression. Edit Default.natstepfilter In The Following Directory: For Visual Studio 2015: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers (for All Users) Or %USERPROFILE%\My Documents\Visual Studio 2015\Visualizers (for The Current User Only) For Visual Studio 2017 Pro: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers (for All Users) Or %USERPROFILE%\My Documents\Visual Studio 2017\Visualizers (for The Current User Only) Add Regular Expressions Of Functions To Not Step Into. Remember To Regex-escape And XML-escape Them, E.g. < For < And \. For A Literal Dot. Example: Operator New NoStepInto Operator Delete NoStepInto Std::.* NoStepInto WTF::.*Ptr ::.* NoStepInto This File Is Read At Start Of A Debugging Session (F5), So You Don't Need To Restart Visual Studio After Changing It. More Info: Microsoft Email Thread V8 And Chromium V8 Supports Many Command-line Flags That Are Useful For Debugging. V8 Command-line Flags Can Be Set Via The Chromium Command-line Flag --js-flags; For Instance: Chrome.exe --js-flags="--trace_exception --heap_stats" Note That Some V8 Command-line Flags Exist Only In The Debug Build Of V8. For A List Of All V8 Flags Try: Chrome.exe --js-flags="--help" Graphics Debugging GPU Acceleration Of Rendering Can Be More Easily Debugged With Tools. See: Graphics Debugging In Visual Studio 2013 Graphical Debugging With NVIDIA NSight Debugging On Another Machine Sometimes It's Useful To Debug Installation And Execution On A Machine Other Than Your Primary Build Box. To Run The Installer On Said Other Machine, First Build The Mini_installer Target On Your Main Build Machine (e.g., Autoninja -C Out\Debug Mini_installer). Next, On The Debug Machine: Make The Build Machine's Build Volume Available On The Debug Machine Either By Mounting It Locally (e.g., Z:\) Or By Crafting A UNC Path To It (e.g., \\builder\src) Open Up A Command Prompt And Change To A Local Disk Run Src\tools\win\copy-installer.bat In The Remote Checkout By Way Of The Mount (e.g., Z:\PATHTOCHECKOUT\src\...) Or UNC Path (e.g., \\builder\src\...). This Will Copy The Installer, DLLs, And PDBs Into Your Debug Machine's C:\out Or C:\build (depending On If You're Rocking The Component=shared_library Build Or Not) Run C:\out\Debug\mini_installer.exe With The Flags Of Your Choice To Install Chrome. This Can Take Some Time, Especially On A Slow Machine. Watch The Task Manager And Wait Until Mini_installer.exe Exits Before Trying To Launch Chrome (by Way Of The Shortcut(s) Created By The Installer) For Extra Pleasure, Add C:\out\Debug To Your _NT_SYMBOL_PATH Environment Variable Consider Reading The Documentation At The Top Of Copy-installer.bat To See How You Can Run It. It Tries To Be Smart And Copy The Right Things, But You May Need To Be Explicit (e.g., "copy-installer.bat Out Debug"). It Is Safe To Re-run The Script To Copy Only Modified Files (after A Rebuild, For Example). You Can Also Use The Zip Action Of The Isolate Scripts (tools\mb\mb.py) To Package All The Files For A Target Into A Single Zip File, For Example: Python Tools\mb\mb.py Zip Out/Release Base_unittests Base_unittests.zip Finding All Memory Allocations It Is Possible To Use Heap Snapshots To Get Call Stacks On All Outstanding Allocations That Use The OS Heap. This Works Particularly Well If Heap Snapshots Are Started As Soon As The Chrome Browser Process Is Created, But Before It Starts Running. Details Can Be Found In This Batch File. However, With PartitionAlloc Everywhere Most Chromium Allocations No Longer Use The Windows Heap So This Will Only Find A Subset Of Allocations, Mostly From OS DLLs. Find Memory Leaks Note: As With Heap Snapshots The Utility Of UMDH Is Greatly Reduced Now Because PartitionAlloc Everywhere Has Mostly Replaced The Windows Heap. The Windows Heap Manager Has A Really Useful Debug Flag, Where It Can Be Asked To Capture And Store A Stack Trace With Every Allocation. The Tool To Scrape These Stack Traces Out Of Processes Is UMDH, Which Comes With WinDbg. UMDH Is Great. It Will Capture A Snapshot Of The Heap State As Many Times As You Like, And It'll Do It Fairly Quickly. You Then Run It Again Against Either A Single Snapshot, Or A Pair Of Snapshots, At Which Time It'll Symbolize The Stack Traces And Aggregate Usage Up To Unique Stack Traces. Turning On The User Stack Trace Database For Chrome.exe With Gflags.exe Makes It Run Unbearably Slowly; However, Turning On The User Stack Trace Database On For The Browser Alone Is Just Fine. While It's Possible To Turn On The User Stack Database With The "!gflag" Debugging Extension, It's Too Late To Do This By The Time The Initial Debugger Breakpoint Hits. The Only Reasonable Way To Do This Is To Launch GFlags.exe, Enable The User Stack Trace Database (per Image Below), Launch Chrome Under The Debugger. Set A Breakpont When Chrome.dll Loads With "sxe Ld Chrome.dll". Step Up, To Allow Chrome.dll To Initialize. Disable The Stack Trace Database In GFlags.exe. Continue Chrome, Optionally Detaching The Debugger. Image GFlags.exe Settings For User Mode Stack Trace Database. If You Then Ever Suffer A Browser Memory Leak, You Can Snarf A Dump Of The Process With Umdh -p: > Chrome-browser-leak-umdh-dump.txt Which Can Then Typically Be "trivially" Analyzed To Find The Culprit. Miscellaneous Note That By Default Application Verifier Only Works With Non-official Builds Of Chromium. To Use Application Verifier On Official Builds You Need To Add --disable-features=RendererCodeIntegrity To Avoid Sandbox Crashes In Renderer Processes. See Crbug.com/1004989 For Details. See Also This Page. Application Verifier Is A Free Tool From Microsoft (available As Part Of The Windows SDK) That Can Be Used To Flush Out Programming Errors. Starting With M68 Application Verifier Can Be Enabled For Chrome.exe Without Needing To Disable The Sandbox. After Adding Chrome.exe To The List Of Applications To Be Stressed You Need To Expand The List Of Basics Checks And Disable The Leak Checks. You May Also Need To Disable Handles And Locks Checks Depending On Your Graphics Driver And Specific Chrome Version, But The Eventual Goal Is To Have Chrome Run With Handles And Locks Checks Enabled. When Bugs Are Found Chrome Will Trigger A Breakpoint So Running All Chrome Processes Under A Debugger Is Recommended. Chrome Will Run Much More Slowly Because Application Verifier Puts Every Heap Allocation On A Separate Page. Note That With PartitionAlloc Everywhere Most Chromium Allocations Don't Actually Go Through The Windows Heap And Are Therefore Unaffected By Application Verifier. You Can Check The Undocumented 'Cuzz' Checkbox In Application Verifier To Get The Windows Thread Scheduler To Add Some Extra Randomness In Order To Help Expose Race Conditions In Your Code. To Put A Breakpoint On CreateFile(), Add This Break Point: {,,kernel32.dll}_CreateFileW@28 {,,kernel32.dll} Specifies The DLL (context Operator). _ Prefix Means Extern "C". @28 Postfix Means _stdcall With The Stack Pop At The End Of The Function. I.e. The Number Of Arguments In BYTES. You Can Use DebugView From SysInternals Or Sawbuck To View LOG() Messages That Normally Go To Stderr On POSIX.” Subjects and Themes:
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Find The Chromium Logo The Chromium Projects Home Chromium ChromiumOS Quick Links Report Bugs Discuss Other Sites Chromium Blog Google Chrome Extensions Except As Otherwise Noted, The Content Of This Page Is Licensed Under A Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 License, And Examples Are Licensed Under The BSD License. Privacy Edit This Page For Developers > How-Tos > Debugging Chromium On Windows First See Get The Code For Checkout And Build Instructions. Getting Started You Can Use Visual Studio's Built-in Debugger Or WinDBG To Debug Chromium. You Don't Need To Use The IDE To Build In Order To Use The Debugger: Autoninja Is Used To Build Chromium And Most Developers Invoke It From A Command Prompt, And Then Open The IDE For Debugging As Necessary. To Start Debugging An Already-built Executable With Visual Studio Just Launch Visual Studio (2019 Or Higher) And Select File-> Open-> Project/Solution (Ctrl+Shift+O) And Select The Executable Of Interest. This Will Create A Solution With That Executable As The 'project'. You Can Then Launch The Debugger With F5 Or F11 Or From The Debug Menu. If You Right-click On The Executable In Solution Explorer And Select Properties Then You Can Edit Things Such As The Executable Path, Command-line Arguments, And Working Directory. You Can Add Additional Executables To The Solution By Using File-> Add-> Existing Project And Selecting Another Already-built Executable. You Can Select Which One To Debug By Right-clicking On One Of Them In Solution Explorer And Selecting Set As Startup Project. When Your Solution File Is Customized To Your Taste You Can Save It To A Directory Such As Out\solutions. Saving It There Helps Ensure That Relative Paths To Source Files, Printed From Build Commands, Will Correctly Identify The Source Files. The Tools Menu Can Be Used To Add Commands To Do Things Like Invoke Autoninja To Build Chrome, Compile The Selected Source File, Or Other Things. Visual Studio 2017 Is Not Recommended For Debugging Of Chromium - Use A Newer Version For Best Performance And Stability. Symbol_level=2 Is The Default On Windows And Gives Full Debugging Information With Types, Locals, Globals, Function Names, And Source/line Information. Symbol_level=1 Creates Smaller PDBs With Just Function Names, And Source/line Information - Source-level Debugging Is Still Supported (new From June 2019), But Local Variables And Type Information Are Missing. Symbol_level=0 Gives Extremely Limited Debugging Abilities, Mostly Just Viewing Call Stacks When Chromium Crashes. Browsing Source Code If You Use A Solution File Generated By Gn (gn Gen --ide=vs) Then Intellisense May Help You Navigate The Code. If This Doesn't Work Or If You Use A Solution Created As Above Then You May Want To Install VsChromium To Help Navigate The Code, As Well As Using Https://source.chromium.org. Profiles It's A Good Idea To Use A Different Chrome Profile For Your Debugging. If You Are Debugging Google Chrome Branded Builds, Or Use A Chromium Build As Your Primary Browser, The Profiles Can Collide So You Can't Run Both At Once, And Your Stable Browser Might See Profile Versions From The Future (Google Chrome And Chromium Use Different Profile Directories By Default So Won't Collide). Use The Command-line Option: --user-data-dir=C:\tmp\my_debug_profile (replace The Path As Necessary) Using The IDE, Go To The Debugging Tab Of The Properties Of The Chrome Project, And Set The Command Arguments. Chrome Debug Log Enable Chrome Debug Logging To A File By Passing --enable-logging --v=1 Command-line Flags At Startup. Debug Builds Place The Chrome_debug.log File In The Out\Debug Directory. Release Builds Place The File In The Top Level Of The User Data Chromium App Directory, Which Is OS-version-dependent. For More Information, See Logging And User Data Directory Details. Symbol Server If You Are Debugging Official Google Chrome Release Builds, Use The Symbol Server: Https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com In Visual Studio, This Goes In Tools > Options Under Debugging > Symbols. You Should Set Up A Local Cache In A Empty Directory On Your Computer. In Windbg You Can Add This To Your Symbol Server Search Path With The Command Below, Where C:\symbols Is A Local Cache Directory: .sympath+ SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com Alternately, You Can Set The _NT_SYMBOL_PATH Environment Variable To Include Both The Microsoft And Google Symbol Servers - VS, Windbg, And Other Tools Should Both Respect This Environment Variable: _NT_SYMBOL_PATH=SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com Note That Symbol Servers Will Let The Debuggers Download Both The PE Files (DLLs And EXEs) And The PDB Files. Chrome Often Loads Third Party Libraries And Partial Symbols For Some Of These Are Also Public. For Example: AMD: Https://download.amd.com/dir/bin Nvidia: Https://driver-symbols.nvidia.com/ Intel: Https://software.intel.com/sites/downloads/symbols/ For Example, For Completeness, The Following Symbol Server Environment Variable Will Resolve All Of The Above Sources - But This Is More Than Is Normally Needed: _NT_SYMBOL_PATH=SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://download.amd.com/dir/bin;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://driver-symbols.nvidia.com/;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://software.intel.com/sites/downloads/symbols/ Source Indexing You Should Set Up Source Indexing In Your Debugger (.srcfix In Windbg, Tools-> Options-> Debugging-> General-> Enable Source Server Support In Visual Studio) So That The Correct Source Files Will Automatically Be Downloaded Based On Information In The Downloaded Symbols. Additionally, You Must Have Python In Your Path In Order For The Command That Fetches Source Files To Succeed; Launching The Debugger From The Same Environment As Where You Build Chromium Is An Easy Way To Ensure It's Present. This Is Highly Recommended When Debugging Released Google Chrome Builds Or Looking At Crash Dumps. Having The Correct Version Of The Source Files Automatically Show Up Saves Significant Time So You Should Definitely Set This. Multi-process Issues Chromium Can Be Challenging To Debug Because Of Its Multi-process Architecture. When You Select Run In The Debugger, Only The Main Browser Process Will Be Debugged. The Code That Actually Renders Web Pages (the Renderer) And The Plugins Will Be In Separate Processes That's Not (yet!) Being Debugged. The ProcessExplorer Tool Has A Process Tree View Where You Can See How These Processes Are Related. You Can Also Get The Process IDs Associated With Each Tab From The Chrome Task Manager (right-click On An Empty Area Of The Window Title Bar To Open). Automatically Attach To Child Processes There Are Two Visual Studio Extensions That Enable The Debugger To Automatically Attach To All Chrome Processes, So You Can Debug All Of Chrome At Once. Microsoft's Child Process Debugging Power Tool Is A Standalone Extension For This, And VsChromium Is Another Option That Bundles Many Other Additional Features. In Addition To Installing One Of These Extensions, You Must Run Visual Studio As Administrator, Or It Will Silently Fail To Attach To Some Of Chrome's Child Processes. Single-process Mode One Way To Debug Issues Is To Run Chromium In Single-process Mode. This Will Allow You To See The Entire State Of The Program Without Extra Work (although It Will Still Have Many Threads). To Use Single-process Mode, Add The Command-line Flag --single-process This Approach Isn't Perfect Because Some Problems Won't Manifest Themselves In This Mode And Some Features Don't Work And Worker Threads Are Still Spawned Into New Processes. Manually Attaching To A Child Process You Can Attach To The Running Child Processes With The Debugger. Select Tools > Attach To Process And Click The Chrome.exe Process You Want To Attach To. Before Attaching, Make Sure You Have Selected Only Native Code When Attaching To The Process This Is Done By Clicking Select... In The Attach To Process Window And Only Checking Native. If You Forget This, It May Attempt To Attach In "WebKit" Mode To Debug JavaScript, And You'll Get An Error Message "An Operation Is Not Legal In The Current State." You Can Now Debug The Two Processes As If They Were One. When You Are Debugging Multiple Processes, Open The Debug > Windows > Processes Window To Switch Between Them. Sometimes You Are Debugging Something That Only Happens On Startup, And Want To See The Child Process As Soon As It Starts. Use: --renderer-startup-dialog --no-sandbox You Have To Disable The Sandbox Or The Dialog Box Will Be Prohibited From Showing. When The Dialog Appears, Visit Tools > Attach To Process And Attach To The Process Showing The Renderer Startup Dialog. Now You're Debugging In The Renderer And Can Continue Execution By Pressing OK In The Dialog. Startup Dialogs Also Exist For Other Child Process Types: --gpu-startup-dialog, --ppapi-startup-dialog, --utility-startup-dialog, --plugin-startup-dialog (for NPAPI). For Utilities, You Can Add A Service Type --utility-startup-dialog=data_decoder.mojom.DataDecoderService. You Can Also Try The Vs-chromium Plug-in To Attach To The Right Processes. Semi-automatically Attaching The Debugger To Child Processes The Following Flags Cause Child Processes To Wait For 60 Seconds In A Busy Loop For A Debugger To Attach To The Process. Once Either Condition Is True, It Continues On; No Exception Is Thrown. --wait-for-debugger-children[=filter] The Filter, If Provided, Will Fire Only If It Matches The --type Parameter To The Process. Values Include Renderer, Plugin (for NPAPI), Ppapi, Gpu-process, And Utility. When Using This Option, It May Be Helpful To Limit The Number Of Renderer Processes Spawned, Using: --renderer-process-limit=1 Image File Execution Options Using Image File Execution Options (IFEO) Will Not Work Because CreateProcess() Returns The Handle To The Debugger Process Instead Of The Intended Child Process. There Are Also Issues With The Sandbox. Time Travel Debugging You Can Do Time Travel Debugging Using WinDbg Preview (must Be Installed From The Microsoft Store). This Lets You Execute A Program Forward And Backwards. After Capturing A Trace, You Can Set Breakpoints And Step Through Code As Normal, But Also Provides 'backwards' Commands (g-, T-, P-) So That You Can Go Back And Forth Through The Execution. It Is Especially Useful To Set Data Breakpoints (ba Command) And Reverse Continuing, So You Can See When A Certain Variable Was Last Changed To Its Current Value. Chromium Specifics: The Type Of Injection The Time Travel Tracer Needs To Perform Is Incompatible With The Chromium Sandbox. In Order To Record A Trace, You'll Need To Run With --no-sandbox. Chromium Cannot Run Elevated With Administrator Privileges, So The "Launch Executable (advance)" Option Won't Work, You'll Need To Attach After The Process Has Already Launched Via The Checkbox In The Bottom Right. If You Need To Record Startup-like Things, You'll Have To Use --{browser,gpu,renderer,utility}-startup-dialog, Then Attach (and Hope The Relevant Code Hasn't Executed Before That Point). JsDbg -- Data Structure Visualization You Can Install JsDbg As A Plugin For WinDbg Or Visual Studio. It Interactively Lets You Look At Data Structures (such As The DOM Tree, Accessibility Tree, Layout Object Tree, And Others) In A Web Browser As You Debug. See The JsDbg Site For Some Screen Shots And Usage Examples. This Also Works When Examining Memory Dumps (though Not Minidumps), And Also Works Together With Time Travel Debugging. Visual Studio Hints Debug Visualizers Chrome's Custom Debug Visualizers Should Be Added To The Pdb Files And Automatically Picked Up By Visual Studio. The Definitions Are In //tools/win/DebugVisualizers If You Need To Modify Them (the BUILD.gn File There Has Additional Instructions). Don't Step Into Trivial Functions The Debugger Can Be Configured To Automatically Not Step Into Functions Based On Regular Expression. Edit Default.natstepfilter In The Following Directory: For Visual Studio 2015: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers (for All Users) Or %USERPROFILE%\My Documents\Visual Studio 2015\Visualizers (for The Current User Only) For Visual Studio 2017 Pro: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers (for All Users) Or %USERPROFILE%\My Documents\Visual Studio 2017\Visualizers (for The Current User Only) Add Regular Expressions Of Functions To Not Step Into. Remember To Regex-escape And XML-escape Them, E.g. < For < And \. For A Literal Dot. Example: Operator New NoStepInto Operator Delete NoStepInto Std::.* NoStepInto WTF::.*Ptr ::.* NoStepInto This File Is Read At Start Of A Debugging Session (F5), So You Don't Need To Restart Visual Studio After Changing It. More Info: Microsoft Email Thread V8 And Chromium V8 Supports Many Command-line Flags That Are Useful For Debugging. V8 Command-line Flags Can Be Set Via The Chromium Command-line Flag --js-flags; For Instance: Chrome.exe --js-flags="--trace_exception --heap_stats" Note That Some V8 Command-line Flags Exist Only In The Debug Build Of V8. For A List Of All V8 Flags Try: Chrome.exe --js-flags="--help" Graphics Debugging GPU Acceleration Of Rendering Can Be More Easily Debugged With Tools. See: Graphics Debugging In Visual Studio 2013 Graphical Debugging With NVIDIA NSight Debugging On Another Machine Sometimes It's Useful To Debug Installation And Execution On A Machine Other Than Your Primary Build Box. To Run The Installer On Said Other Machine, First Build The Mini_installer Target On Your Main Build Machine (e.g., Autoninja -C Out\Debug Mini_installer). Next, On The Debug Machine: Make The Build Machine's Build Volume Available On The Debug Machine Either By Mounting It Locally (e.g., Z:\) Or By Crafting A UNC Path To It (e.g., \\builder\src) Open Up A Command Prompt And Change To A Local Disk Run Src\tools\win\copy-installer.bat In The Remote Checkout By Way Of The Mount (e.g., Z:\PATHTOCHECKOUT\src\...) Or UNC Path (e.g., \\builder\src\...). This Will Copy The Installer, DLLs, And PDBs Into Your Debug Machine's C:\out Or C:\build (depending On If You're Rocking The Component=shared_library Build Or Not) Run C:\out\Debug\mini_installer.exe With The Flags Of Your Choice To Install Chrome. This Can Take Some Time, Especially On A Slow Machine. Watch The Task Manager And Wait Until Mini_installer.exe Exits Before Trying To Launch Chrome (by Way Of The Shortcut(s) Created By The Installer) For Extra Pleasure, Add C:\out\Debug To Your _NT_SYMBOL_PATH Environment Variable Consider Reading The Documentation At The Top Of Copy-installer.bat To See How You Can Run It. It Tries To Be Smart And Copy The Right Things, But You May Need To Be Explicit (e.g., "copy-installer.bat Out Debug"). It Is Safe To Re-run The Script To Copy Only Modified Files (after A Rebuild, For Example). You Can Also Use The Zip Action Of The Isolate Scripts (tools\mb\mb.py) To Package All The Files For A Target Into A Single Zip File, For Example: Python Tools\mb\mb.py Zip Out/Release Base_unittests Base_unittests.zip Finding All Memory Allocations It Is Possible To Use Heap Snapshots To Get Call Stacks On All Outstanding Allocations That Use The OS Heap. This Works Particularly Well If Heap Snapshots Are Started As Soon As The Chrome Browser Process Is Created, But Before It Starts Running. Details Can Be Found In This Batch File. However, With PartitionAlloc Everywhere Most Chromium Allocations No Longer Use The Windows Heap So This Will Only Find A Subset Of Allocations, Mostly From OS DLLs. Find Memory Leaks Note: As With Heap Snapshots The Utility Of UMDH Is Greatly Reduced Now Because PartitionAlloc Everywhere Has Mostly Replaced The Windows Heap. The Windows Heap Manager Has A Really Useful Debug Flag, Where It Can Be Asked To Capture And Store A Stack Trace With Every Allocation. The Tool To Scrape These Stack Traces Out Of Processes Is UMDH, Which Comes With WinDbg. UMDH Is Great. It Will Capture A Snapshot Of The Heap State As Many Times As You Like, And It'll Do It Fairly Quickly. You Then Run It Again Against Either A Single Snapshot, Or A Pair Of Snapshots, At Which Time It'll Symbolize The Stack Traces And Aggregate Usage Up To Unique Stack Traces. Turning On The User Stack Trace Database For Chrome.exe With Gflags.exe Makes It Run Unbearably Slowly; However, Turning On The User Stack Trace Database On For The Browser Alone Is Just Fine. While It's Possible To Turn On The User Stack Database With The "!gflag" Debugging Extension, It's Too Late To Do This By The Time The Initial Debugger Breakpoint Hits. The Only Reasonable Way To Do This Is To Launch GFlags.exe, Enable The User Stack Trace Database (per Image Below), Launch Chrome Under The Debugger. Set A Breakpont When Chrome.dll Loads With "sxe Ld Chrome.dll". Step Up, To Allow Chrome.dll To Initialize. Disable The Stack Trace Database In GFlags.exe. Continue Chrome, Optionally Detaching The Debugger. Image GFlags.exe Settings For User Mode Stack Trace Database. If You Then Ever Suffer A Browser Memory Leak, You Can Snarf A Dump Of The Process With Umdh -p: > Chrome-browser-leak-umdh-dump.txt Which Can Then Typically Be "trivially" Analyzed To Find The Culprit. Miscellaneous Note That By Default Application Verifier Only Works With Non-official Builds Of Chromium. To Use Application Verifier On Official Builds You Need To Add --disable-features=RendererCodeIntegrity To Avoid Sandbox Crashes In Renderer Processes. See Crbug.com/1004989 For Details. See Also This Page. Application Verifier Is A Free Tool From Microsoft (available As Part Of The Windows SDK) That Can Be Used To Flush Out Programming Errors. Starting With M68 Application Verifier Can Be Enabled For Chrome.exe Without Needing To Disable The Sandbox. After Adding Chrome.exe To The List Of Applications To Be Stressed You Need To Expand The List Of Basics Checks And Disable The Leak Checks. You May Also Need To Disable Handles And Locks Checks Depending On Your Graphics Driver And Specific Chrome Version, But The Eventual Goal Is To Have Chrome Run With Handles And Locks Checks Enabled. When Bugs Are Found Chrome Will Trigger A Breakpoint So Running All Chrome Processes Under A Debugger Is Recommended. Chrome Will Run Much More Slowly Because Application Verifier Puts Every Heap Allocation On A Separate Page. Note That With PartitionAlloc Everywhere Most Chromium Allocations Don't Actually Go Through The Windows Heap And Are Therefore Unaffected By Application Verifier. You Can Check The Undocumented 'Cuzz' Checkbox In Application Verifier To Get The Windows Thread Scheduler To Add Some Extra Randomness In Order To Help Expose Race Conditions In Your Code. To Put A Breakpoint On CreateFile(), Add This Break Point: {,,kernel32.dll}_CreateFileW@28 {,,kernel32.dll} Specifies The DLL (context Operator). _ Prefix Means Extern "C". @28 Postfix Means _stdcall With The Stack Pop At The End Of The Function. I.e. The Number Of Arguments In BYTES. You Can Use DebugView From SysInternals Or Sawbuck To View LOG() Messages That Normally Go To Stderr On POSIX. at online marketplaces:
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36Functional Programming In Python With Toolz And Fn.py
By Juan Nunez-Iglesias
Juan Nunez-Iglesias https://linux.conf.au/schedule/30358/view_talk In my brief experience people rarely take this [streaming] route. They use single-threaded in-memory Python until it breaks, and then seek out Big Data Infrastructure like Hadoop/Spark at relatively high productivity overhead. ~ Matt Rocklin That quote succinctly summarises my computational life, right up until recent months. In "traditional" programming, you load a dataset into memory, process it in some way, and output the result. This is simple to understand. But in streaming programs, a function processes some of the data, yields the processed chunk, then downstream functions deal with that chunk, then the original function receives a bit more, and so on... All these things are going on at the same time! How can one keep them straight? This talk will introduce Matt Rocklin's Toolz library which makes functional programming easy in Python and provides a framework to write elegant, concise code to analyse bigger-than-memory data, and fn.py, which has even more FP constructs. I'll present streaming data analysis using FP from the ground up, from a simple "hello-world" example to image illumination correction and streaming extensions to scikit-learn classifiers, and analysing a genome in a few minutes.
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37Demystifying Coroutines And Asynchronous Programming In Python
By FOSDEM
by Mariano Anaya At: FOSDEM 2019 https://video.fosdem.org/2019/UD2.120/python_demystifying_coroutines.webm In this talk we will explore how coroutines work and how they are implemented in Python. We will learn that generators lie at the heart of coroutines, and how this long-standing feature of Python evolved over time to support the new capabilities of asynchronous programming. It’s a time travelling tale that explores the milestones in Python that relate to generators, coroutines, and asynchronous programming. The talk is intended to explore coroutines and asynchronous programming in Python, in full detail. It provides a historical revision of all the milestones in Python that led to the current implementation of coroutines, asynchronous programming, and event loops (asyncio) as we know them today. Starting from generators, it reviews their original idea and rationale, and then it explores how they became the pythonic solution for supporting coroutines, by extending their interface with new methods (PEP-342). Later on, generators (and coroutines) were extended once again in PEP-380, to support even more advanced functionality (like the "yield from" syntax). This was a major milestone that actually allowed programmers to start working with non-blocking I/O asynchronously fashion, and the idioms used for that resemble modern asynchronous programming with Python. Understanding what's behind those idioms helps to explain much of the current asynchronous frameworks. The dynamic nature of Python made the syntax prone to mixing iterators with coroutines, so the community (wisely) agreed on the fact that the language had to evolve, and new syntax needed to be added. New specific types were added for coroutines in Python 3.5, and Python 3.6 incorporated asynchronous generators. Finally in Python 3.7, "async" and "await" were promoted to keywords, and there were several enhancements to the asyncio library, marking the current state of the art of asynchronous programming in Python. The talk concludes by providing food for thought on what asynchronous programming actually means in Python, and what to expect for the future (Python 3.8 and beyond). Room: UD2.120 (Chavanne) Scheduled start: 2019-02-03 11:00:00+01 Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7AoANOGIDuM Uploader: FOSDEM
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38All You Need To Know To Start Using PyCharm For Python Programming | Python Tutorial Ep 2
By Little Wild Grass
This video will teach you everything you need as a beginner to write Python programs using PyCharm on any Linux distro and Windows 11. 00:00 Intro 00:18 How to open PyCharm on Linux 00:37 How to open PyCharm on Windows 11 00:14 How to exit project in PyCharm 01:20 How to open projects in PyCharm 01:35 How to create new projects in PyCharm 03:10 How to maximize the PyCharm window 03:19 How to change the PyCharm theme 03:46 Introduction to PyCharm project tool window 03:54 How to hide items in the folder in PyCharm project tool window 04:00 How to view items in the folder in PyCharm project tool window 04:05 How to create a new folder using the PyCharm project tool window 04:37 How to create a new Python script using the PyCharm project tool window 05:24 How to close Python Scripts in the PyCharm editor panel 05:31 How to open Python Scripts in the PyCharm editor panel using PyCharn project tool window 05:39 PyCharm project conclusion 05:51 How to minimize the “project tool window” 06:00 How to make the “Project tool window” show up 06:14 Introduction to PyCharm editor panel 06:20 How to edit Python script using PyCharm editor panel 07:00 How to use the "cd" command to move around the file path in PyCharm terminal 07:49 How to use the "ls" command to see a list of all the folders and files contained inside your current folder in the PyCharm terminal 08:00 Example of using the "cd" command in the PyCharm terminal 08:34 How to create folders using the PyCharm terminal using the "mkdir" command 09:31 How to create Python files using the PyCharm terminal using the "touch" command 10:31 How to run Python script using the PyCharm terminal 12:07 How to hide and unhide the PyCharn terminal 12:27 PyCharm terminal conclusion 12:31 How you can run a Python script in PyCharm without using the terminal 12:59 How to close the PyCharm app 13:11 What to do if you need help or want to improve using PyCharm. 13:41 Outro
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- Author: Little Wild Grass
- Language: English
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39[EuroPython 2016] Nicolas Lara - Python And Async Programming
Nicolas Lara - Python and Async programming [EuroPython 2016] [18 July 2016 / 2016-07-18] [Bilbao, Euskadi, Spain] (https://ep2016.europython.eu//conference/talks/python-and-async-programming) How does the experienced python programmer fair when faced with python's "new" way of doing async programming for the first time? This talk details the different ways python provides for attacking the problem of asynchronous programming and focuses on the best practices for the future (as of python 3.4 and 3.5) ----- How does the experienced python programmer fair when faced with python's "new" way of doing async programing in for the first time? Do we all know how and when to use Futures, yield from, asyncio, coroutines, the async and await keywords, eventloops, and others? A lot has changed in recent versions of Python when it comes to async programming, concurrency, and parallelism. We still have very different ways of approaching the problem in each version, but they are finally (as of python 3.4/3.5) converging to a standard. This talk explores, from the perspective of an experienced python programmer with little to no experience in async programming, what the "one obvious way" to do async programming in Python is supposed to be. It does so but analysing examples of different categories of async problems we may want to solve and what the correct way to solve them with the latest versions of Python would be (along with the trade offs of different approaches). The examples include generic CPU-bound problems, IO-bound problems, and "both-bound" problems; along with common tasks as building a simple server, scraping, deferring a web response, and traversing graphs. When useful, I compare the solutions with the approach we would take in languages that have been design for- and are known to be good at async programming like Javascript and Go.
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- Language: English
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- Subjects: ➤ Python 3 - Best Practice - Go-Lang - ASYNC / Concurreny - EuroPython2016 - Python
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40Srivastava D. Ultimate Python Programming... 650+ Programs, 900+.. Questions.. 2024
python
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41[EuroPython 2014] Thomas Wiecki - Probabilistic Programming In Python
Thomas Wiecki - Probabilistic Programming in Python [EuroPython 2014] [24 July 2014] Probabilistic Programming allows flexible specification of statistical models to gain insight from data. The high interpretability and ease by which different sources can be combined has huge value for Data Science. PyMC3 features next generation sampling algorithms, an intuitive model specification syntax, and just-in-time compilation for speed, to allow estimation of large-scale probabilistic models. ----- Probabilistic Programming allows flexible specification of statistical models to gain insight from data. Estimation of best fitting parameter values, as well as uncertainty in these estimations, can be automated by sampling algorithms like Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). The high interpretability and flexibility of this approach has lead to a huge paradigm shift in scientific fields ranging from Cognitive Science to Data Science and Quantitative Finance. PyMC3 is a new Python module that features next generation sampling algorithms and an intuitive model specification syntax. The whole code base is written in pure Python and Just-in-time compiled via Theano for speed. In this talk I will provide an intuitive introduction to Bayesian statistics and how probabilistic models can be specified and estimated using PyMC3.
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- Title: ➤ [EuroPython 2014] Thomas Wiecki - Probabilistic Programming In Python
- Language: English
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- Subjects: ➤ statistics - machine learning - bayesian - pymc - probabilistic programming - EuroPython2014 - Python
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42Python Programming For Beginners
A good book to learn Python Programming
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- Language: English
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43Python Programming. Python Programming For Beginners, Python Programming For Intermediates
By Adam Stewart
Getting started in coding can be tough. You may have looked at a few of the most popular coding languages, such as C++ or Java and been a bit scared by what you saw. The pages may have been filled to the brim with letters and symbols that you just didn’t understand, and you became frustrated and just wanted to walk away. Many people are scared of programing and feel like it is just too hard for them. But with the Python programming language, you will find that it can be easier than ever to learn about coding and to even read it like a professional.
“Python Programming. Python Programming For Beginners, Python Programming For Intermediates” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Python Programming. Python Programming For Beginners, Python Programming For Intermediates
- Author: Adam Stewart
- Language: English
Edition Identifiers:
Downloads Information:
The book is available for download in "texts" format, the size of the file-s is: 7.75 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 44 times, the file-s went public at Sun Mar 19 2023.
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44Programming Computer Vision With Python
By Solem, Jan Erik
Getting started in coding can be tough. You may have looked at a few of the most popular coding languages, such as C++ or Java and been a bit scared by what you saw. The pages may have been filled to the brim with letters and symbols that you just didn’t understand, and you became frustrated and just wanted to walk away. Many people are scared of programing and feel like it is just too hard for them. But with the Python programming language, you will find that it can be easier than ever to learn about coding and to even read it like a professional.
“Programming Computer Vision With Python” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Programming Computer Vision With Python
- Author: Solem, Jan Erik
- Language: English
“Programming Computer Vision With Python” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ Computer vision - Python (Computer program language) - Computer algorithms
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: programmingcompu0000sole
Downloads Information:
The book is available for download in "texts" format, the size of the file-s is: 639.75 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 47 times, the file-s went public at Tue Dec 12 2023.
Available formats:
ACS Encrypted PDF - Cloth Cover Detection Log - DjVuTXT - Djvu XML - Dublin Core - Item Tile - JPEG Thumb - LCP Encrypted EPUB - LCP Encrypted PDF - Log - MARC - MARC Binary - Metadata - OCR Page Index - OCR Search Text - PNG - Page Numbers JSON - RePublisher Final Processing Log - RePublisher Initial Processing Log - Scandata - Single Page Original JP2 Tar - Single Page Processed JP2 ZIP - Text PDF - Title Page Detection Log - chOCR - hOCR -
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45Advanced Python Programming
asdw
“Advanced Python Programming” Metadata:
- Title: Advanced Python Programming
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ➤ advancedpythonprogrammingregularexpressionspart3
Downloads Information:
The book is available for download in "movies" format, the size of the file-s is: 997.51 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 246 times, the file-s went public at Sun Oct 13 2019.
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46Python Programming Language
python is a programming language. which is very helpfull to create website.
“Python Programming Language” Metadata:
- Title: Python Programming Language
- Language: English
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ➤ httppksmbd.co.inpython-computer-course-moradabad
Downloads Information:
The book is available for download in "image" format, the size of the file-s is: 1.07 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 61 times, the file-s went public at Thu Oct 29 2020.
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47Python. An Introduction To Programming ( Chapter 7 Graphics)
By Python
Python. An Introduction To Programming ( Chapter 7 Graphics)
“Python. An Introduction To Programming ( Chapter 7 Graphics)” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Python. An Introduction To Programming ( Chapter 7 Graphics)
- Author: Python
- Language: English
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ➤ python.-an-introduction-to-programming-chapter-7-graphics
Downloads Information:
The book is available for download in "texts" format, the size of the file-s is: 17.32 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 38 times, the file-s went public at Mon May 06 2024.
Available formats:
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48Programming The Raspberry Pi : Getting Started With Python
By Monk, Simon
Python. An Introduction To Programming ( Chapter 7 Graphics)
“Programming The Raspberry Pi : Getting Started With Python” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Programming The Raspberry Pi : Getting Started With Python
- Author: Monk, Simon
- Language: English
“Programming The Raspberry Pi : Getting Started With Python” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ Raspberry Pi (Computer) - Computer games - Python (Computer program language) - Application software - Programmierung - Python (Programmiersprache) - Raspberry Pi
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: programmingraspb00monk
Downloads Information:
The book is available for download in "texts" format, the size of the file-s is: 399.48 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 593 times, the file-s went public at Wed Mar 01 2017.
Available formats:
ACS Encrypted EPUB - ACS Encrypted PDF - Abbyy GZ - Animated GIF - Backup - Cloth Cover Detection Log - DjVuTXT - Djvu XML - Dublin Core - EPUB - Item Tile - JSON - LCP Encrypted EPUB - LCP Encrypted PDF - MARC - MARC Binary - MARC Source - Metadata - OCR Page Index - OCR Search Text - Page Numbers JSON - Scandata - Single Page Original JP2 Tar - Single Page Processed JP2 ZIP - Text - Text PDF - chOCR - hOCR -
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49Programming With Python
By Altom, Tim
xxxiv, 372 p. : 24 cm. +
“Programming With Python” Metadata:
- Title: Programming With Python
- Author: Altom, Tim
- Language: English
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: programmingwithp0000alto
Downloads Information:
The book is available for download in "texts" format, the size of the file-s is: 567.71 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 196 times, the file-s went public at Fri Dec 18 2020.
Available formats:
ACS Encrypted PDF - Cloth Cover Detection Log - DjVuTXT - Djvu XML - Dublin Core - EPUB - Item Tile - JPEG Thumb - JSON - LCP Encrypted EPUB - LCP Encrypted PDF - Log - MARC - MARC Binary - Metadata - OCR Page Index - OCR Search Text - PNG - Page Numbers JSON - Scandata - Single Page Original JP2 Tar - Single Page Processed JP2 ZIP - Text PDF - Title Page Detection Log - chOCR - hOCR -
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50Intro To Programming With Python N Tkinter Lecture 7
By Chieh
you'll learn how to get the text from the entry and put it into a list, learn how to add padding between widgets
“Intro To Programming With Python N Tkinter Lecture 7” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Intro To Programming With Python N Tkinter Lecture 7
- Author: Chieh
“Intro To Programming With Python N Tkinter Lecture 7” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ entry box - Python - tkinter - lecture - course - python - learning - class - programming
Edition Identifiers:
- Internet Archive ID: ➤ ChiehIntrotoProgrammingwithPythonnTkinterlecture7
Downloads Information:
The book is available for download in "movies" format, the size of the file-s is: 38.09 Mbs, the file-s for this book were downloaded 3544 times, the file-s went public at Sun Apr 03 2005.
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Source: The Open Library
The Open Library Search Results
Available books for downloads and borrow from The Open Library
1Programming Python
By Mark Lutz

“Programming Python” Metadata:
- Title: Programming Python
- Author: Mark Lutz
- Language: English
- Number of Pages: Median: 1584
- Publisher: ➤ O'Reilly - O'Reilly Media, Incorporated - O'Reilly Media, Inc. - O'Reilly Media - Shroff/O'Reilly
- Publish Date: ➤ 1996 - 2001 - 2006 - 2010 - 2011
- Publish Location: ➤ Beijing - Bonn - Sebastopol, CA - CA 95472
“Programming Python” Subjects and Themes:
- Subjects: ➤ Python (Computer program language) - Qa76.73.p98 l88 2001 - Qa 76.73 p98 l875 2001 - Python - Object oriented - General - Games - Com051360 - Cs.cmp_sc.app_sw - Cs.cmp_sc.prog_lang - Python (programmeertaal)
Edition Identifiers:
- The Open Library ID: ➤ OL32585236M - OL25126509M - OL7581207M - OL24417396M - OL716412M - OL3969544M - OL36776679M - OL36711801M - OL36711697M - OL8667192M
- Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) ID: 65765375 - 35900423 - 740439176
- Library of Congress Control Number (LCCN): 97102075 - 2001276084 - 2006285805
- All ISBNs: ➤ 0596009259 - 1449302858 - 0596529422 - 9781449302856 - 9780596009250 - 1565921976 - 9780596000851 - 0596000855 - 0596158106 - 9350232871 - 9781565921979 - 9780596529420 - 9780596158101 - 0596150806 - 9780596150808 - 9789350232873
Access and General Info:
- First Year Published: 1996
- Is Full Text Available: Yes
- Is The Book Public: No
- Access Status: Borrowable
Online Access
Downloads Are Not Available:
The book is not public therefore the download links will not allow the download of the entire book, however, borrowing the book online is available.
Online Borrowing:
- Borrowing from Open Library: Borrowing link
- Borrowing from Archive.org: Borrowing link
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Source: LibriVox
LibriVox Search Results
Available audio books for downloads from LibriVox
1Susan B. Anthony Rebel, Crusader, Humanitarian
By Alma Lutz

Alma Lutz's outstanding biography of Susan B. Anthony is revered for its descriptive power, attention to detail and historical significance to the women's Suffragette movement. - Summary by PhyllisV
“Susan B. Anthony Rebel, Crusader, Humanitarian” Metadata:
- Title: ➤ Susan B. Anthony Rebel, Crusader, Humanitarian
- Author: Alma Lutz
- Language: English
- Publish Date: 1959
Edition Specifications:
- Format: Audio
- Number of Sections: 26
- Total Time: 14:16:52
Edition Identifiers:
- libriVox ID: 14887
Links and information:
Online Access
Download the Audio Book:
- File Name: susanbanthony_2004_librivox
- File Format: zip
- Total Time: 14:16:52
- Download Link: Download link
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