Downloads & Free Reading Options - Results

This thesis provides an overview of the management control and financial management systems currently utilized within the Naval Reserve Claimancy for management of the Operation and Maintenance, Naval Reserve (0&M,NR) Appropriation. An analysis of these systems and identification of control and performance weaknesses resulting from their utilization provides the basis for development of a standardized financial management system. The standardized financial management system developed by the authors is detailed in the enclosed handbook for use by operating budget holders and OPTAR holders in the Naval Reserve Claimancy.

This thesis provides an overview of the management control and financial management systems currently utilized within the Naval Reserve Claimancy for management of the Operation and Maintenance, Naval Reserve (0&M,NR) Appropriation. An analysis of these systems and identification of control and performance weaknesses resulting from their utilization provides the basis for development of a standardized financial management system. The standardized financial management system developed by the authors is detailed in the enclosed handbook for use by operating budget holders and OPTAR holders in the Naval Reserve Claimancy.

In order to promote public education and public safety, equal justice for all, a better informed citizenry, the rule of law, world trade and world peace, this legal document is hereby made available on a noncommercial basis, as it is the right of all humans to know and speak the laws that govern them. (For more information: 12 Tables of Code ) Name of Standards Organization: Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) Division Name: Management and Systems Section Name: Statistical Methods for Quality and Reliability (MSD 3) Designator of Legally Binding Document: IS 7200-3 Title of Legally Binding Document: Presentation of statistical data, Part 3: Management Information Systems - Quality Control Number of Amendments: Equivalence: Superceding: Superceded by: LEGALLY BINDING DOCUMENT Step Out From the Old to the New --Jawaharlal Nehru Invent a new India using knowledge. --Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda ATTENTION! This standard, Indian Standard IS 7200:Part3:1982, has been declared to be WITHDRAWN is thus no longer active. Superceding standard: .

xii, 212 p. : 28 cm

xii, 212 p. : 28 cm

We evaluated the actions that Defense Contract Management Agency contracting officers took on audits of cost accounting standards and internal control systems at major defense contractors involved in Iraq reconstruction activities. Our review covered audits of cost accounting standards and internal control systems included in the semiannual reporting periods ending September 30, 2006, through September 30, 2007. DCMA Houston contracting officers did not adequately justify their actions in response to two DCAA audit reports of potential cost accounting standard noncompliances, and the actions cost the Government $1.6 million. A DCMA Pheonix contracting officer also did not adequately justify his decision to maintain his adequate opinion of a major DoD contractor s accounting system in light of significant accounting system internal control weaknesses reported by DCAA. In addition, a DCMA Philadelphia contracting officer failed to adequately coordinate with DCAA when she evaluated the contractor s response to DCAA-reported estimating system deficiencies. DCMA Philadelphia and Houston did not timely process DCAA-reported noncompliances in accordance with FAR 30.605, and did not accurately report contract audit follow-up data. DCMA Philadelphia and Houston contracting officers did not timely resolve or disposition several of the audits, and management has not implemented adequate controls for ensuring an effective contract audit followup function. Finally, DCMA Houston is not evaluating one of its contracting officers on the contract audit follow-up process as DoD Directive 7640.2 required and DoD Instruction 7640.02 requires.

We evaluated the actions that Defense Contract Management Agency contracting officers took on audits of cost accounting standards and internal control systems at major defense contractors involved in Iraq reconstruction activities. Our review covered audits of cost accounting standards and internal control systems included in the semiannual reporting periods ending September 30, 2006, through September 30, 2007. DCMA Houston contracting officers did not adequately justify their actions in response to two DCAA audit reports of potential cost accounting standard noncompliances, and the actions cost the Government $1.6 million. A DCMA Pheonix contracting officer also did not adequately justify his decision to maintain his adequate opinion of a major DoD contractor s accounting system in light of significant accounting system internal control weaknesses reported by DCAA. In addition, a DCMA Philadelphia contracting officer failed to adequately coordinate with DCAA when she evaluated the contractor s response to DCAA-reported estimating system deficiencies. DCMA Philadelphia and Houston did not timely process DCAA-reported noncompliances in accordance with FAR 30.605, and did not accurately report contract audit follow-up data. DCMA Philadelphia and Houston contracting officers did not timely resolve or disposition several of the audits, and management has not implemented adequate controls for ensuring an effective contract audit followup function. Finally, DCMA Houston is not evaluating one of its contracting officers on the contract audit follow-up process as DoD Directive 7640.2 required and DoD Instruction 7640.02 requires.

We evaluated the actions that Defense Contract Management Agency contracting officers took on audits of cost accounting standards and internal control systems at major defense contractors involved in Iraq reconstruction activities. Our review covered audits of cost accounting standards and internal control systems included in the semiannual reporting periods ending September 30, 2006, through September 30, 2007. DCMA Houston contracting officers did not adequately justify their actions in response to two DCAA audit reports of potential cost accounting standard noncompliances, and the actions cost the Government $1.6 million. A DCMA Pheonix contracting officer also did not adequately justify his decision to maintain his adequate opinion of a major DoD contractor s accounting system in light of significant accounting system internal control weaknesses reported by DCAA. In addition, a DCMA Philadelphia contracting officer failed to adequately coordinate with DCAA when she evaluated the contractor s response to DCAA-reported estimating system deficiencies. DCMA Philadelphia and Houston did not timely process DCAA-reported noncompliances in accordance with FAR 30.605, and did not accurately report contract audit follow-up data. DCMA Philadelphia and Houston contracting officers did not timely resolve or disposition several of the audits, and management has not implemented adequate controls for ensuring an effective contract audit followup function. Finally, DCMA Houston is not evaluating one of its contracting officers on the contract audit follow-up process as DoD Directive 7640.2 required and DoD Instruction 7640.02 requires.

We evaluated the actions that Defense Contract Management Agency contracting officers took on audits of cost accounting standards and internal control systems at major defense contractors involved in Iraq reconstruction activities. Our review covered audits of cost accounting standards and internal control systems included in the semiannual reporting periods ending September 30, 2006, through September 30, 2007. DCMA Houston contracting officers did not adequately justify their actions in response to two DCAA audit reports of potential cost accounting standard noncompliances, and the actions cost the Government $1.6 million. A DCMA Pheonix contracting officer also did not adequately justify his decision to maintain his adequate opinion of a major DoD contractor s accounting system in light of significant accounting system internal control weaknesses reported by DCAA. In addition, a DCMA Philadelphia contracting officer failed to adequately coordinate with DCAA when she evaluated the contractor s response to DCAA-reported estimating system deficiencies. DCMA Philadelphia and Houston did not timely process DCAA-reported noncompliances in accordance with FAR 30.605, and did not accurately report contract audit follow-up data. DCMA Philadelphia and Houston contracting officers did not timely resolve or disposition several of the audits, and management has not implemented adequate controls for ensuring an effective contract audit followup function. Finally, DCMA Houston is not evaluating one of its contracting officers on the contract audit follow-up process as DoD Directive 7640.2 required and DoD Instruction 7640.02 requires.

Includes bibliographical notes

Much of the work to date to apply Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) to database management systems has focused on single database systems or an integrated distributed database system. For situations where the need exists to consolidate multiple independent databases, and where the direct integration of the databases is neither practical nor desirable, the application of RBAC requires that policy be enforced via a method that is distinct from the databases. The method must provide for the verification of the RBAC policy, while allowing for the independence of the various databases on which the policy is enforced. This paper proposes a model for an application that provides for a web-based interface for users to be granted access to data held in various independent databases. The application enforces a strict RBAC policy on a well-defined set of accesses, while alleviating the need for users to have a separate account on each of the databases.

Thesis (M.S. in Mechanical Engineering) Texas A&M University, August 1995

Thesis (M.S. in Mechanical Engineering) Texas A&M University, August 1995

Includes bibliographical references (p. 26-28)

Includes bibliographical references (p. 26-28)

Includes bibliographical references (p. 26-28)

Includes bibliographical references (p. 26-28)

Includes bibliographical references (p. 26-28)

Bibliography: l. 85-86

Bibliography: l. 85-86

Dip Majumder 1 *, Manabendra Ray 2 and Dilip Kumar Khan 1 1 Department of Environmental Science, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741235, Nadia, West Bengal, India; 2 Department of Agronomy, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani741235, Nadia, West Bengal, India *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract The soil quality in a paddy field is the most crucial element for the supply and the production of rice in India. However, the pressure on the paddy field creates a challenge for preventing soil degradation. Soil microflora are most vulnerable to soil pollution, and a decrease or increase of the soil bacteria may reflect the health of soil. In this study, we try to understand the effect of crop management and weed control systems on the native soil bacterial colony. Our study consists of three types of crop management systems, such as zero-tillage, the system of rice intensification (SRI), brown manuring, and three types of weed removal processes, i.e. chemical, integrated and mechanical. In the chemical and integrated treatment, two herbicides were used for weed removal, but in mechanical weeding, a conoweeder was used. The colony forming unit (CFU) of different soil bacteria (nitrogen fixing and phosphate solubilizing) were measured during different stages of the crop growth. It was observed that the mechanical weeding has the least impact for both soil bacteria, but the chemical treatment showed a decrease of PSB count in all three systems. Whereas, the integrated treatment produced a better result in crop management and soil microbial population. Keywords: Azotobacter, crop management, herbicide, soil bacteria, weed control. Reference Alvear, M., Rosas, A., Rouanet, J. L. and Borie, F. (2005). Effects of three soil tillage systems on some biological activities in an Ultisol from southern Chile. Soil and Tillage Research. 82(2): 195–202. Ashworth, A. J., De-Bruyn, J. M., Allen, F. L., Radosevich, M. and Owens, P. R. (2017). Microbial community structure is affected by cropping sequences and poultry litter under long-term no-tillage. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 114: 210–219. Banerjee, S., Walder, F., Büchi, L., Meyer, M., Held, A. Y., Gattinger, A., Keller, T., Charles, R. and van der Heijden, M. G. A. (2019). Agricultural intensification reduces microbial network complexity and the abundance of keystone taxa in roots. ISME Journal. 13(7): 1722–1736. Brenner, F. J. and Corson, S. D. W. (1974). The effect of insecticides and herbicides on Azotobacter in an old field community. In Proceedings of the Pennsylvania Academy of Science, Pennsylvania Academy of Science. Pp. 65-67. Ceja-Navarro, J. A., Rivera-Orduña, F. N., PatiñoZúñiga, L., Vila-Sanjurjo, A., Crossa, J., Govaerts, B. and Dendooven, L. (2010). Phylogenetic and multivariate analyses to determine the effects of different tillage and residue management practices on soil bacterial communities. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 76(11): 3685–3691. Dong, W., Liu, E., Yan, C., Tian, J., Zhang, H. and Zhang, Y. (2017). Impact of no tillage vs. conventional tillage on the soil bacterial community structure in a winter wheat cropping succession in northern China. European Journal of Soil Biology. 80: 35– 42. Hungria, M., Franchini, J. C., Brandão-Junior, O., Kaschuk, G. and Souza, R. A. (2009). Soil microbial activity and crop sustainability in a long-term experiment with three soiltillage and two crop-rotation systems. Applied Soil Ecology. 42(3): 288–296. Iliger, M. D., Sutar, R., Chogatapur, S. V. and Parameshwarareddy, R. (2017). Effect of Brown Manuring on Soil Properties, Weed Density, Grain Yield and Economics of Different Crops. Advances in Research. 12(6): 1-11. Kalia, A. and Gosal, S. K. (2011). Effect of pesticide application on soil microorganisms. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science. 57(6): 569-596. Lehman, R. M., Cambardella, C. A., Stott, D. E., Acosta-Martinez, V., Manter, D. K., Buyer, J. S., Maul, J. E., Smith, J. L., Collins, H. P., Halvorson, J. J. and Kremer, R. J. (2015). Understanding and enhancing soil biological health: the solution for reversing soil degradation. Sustainability. 7(1): 988- 1027. Maitra, S. and Zaman, A. (2017). Brown manuring, An effective technique for yield sustainability and weed management of cereal crops: A review. International Journal of Bioresource Science. 4(1): 1-5. Marin-Morales, M. A., de Campos VenturaCamargo, B. and Hoshina, M. M. (2013). Toxicity of herbicides: impact on aquatic and soil biota and human health. Herbicides–Current Research and Case Studies in Use. Chapter- 16. Intech Open Science. Pp. 399-443. Pandey, S. (2009). Effect of weed control methods on rice cultivars under the system of rice intensification (SRI). M. Sc. (Agri) Thesis submitted to the Tribhuvan University Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. Prashar, P. and Shah, S. (2016). Impact of fertilizers and pesticides on soil microflora in agriculture. In: Sustainable agriculture reviews, Springer, Cham. Pp. 331-361. Raj, S. K. and Syriac, E. K. (2017). Herbicidal effect on the bio-indicators of soil healthA review. Journal of Applied and Natural Science. 9(4): 2438-2448. Randriamiharisoa, R., Barison, J. and Uphoff, N. (2006). Soil biological contributions to the System of Rice Intensification. Biological Approaches to Sustainable Soil Systems. 113: 409-424. Roy, D. C., Ray, M., Tudu, N. K., & Kundu, C. K. (2015). Impact of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Phosphorus Application on Forage Yield and Quality of Berseem in West Bengal. International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Biotechnology. 8(2): 315. https://doi.org/10.5958/2230- 732x.2015.00039.x Shi, Y., Lalande, R., Ziadi, N., Sheng, M. and Hu, Z. (2012). An assessment of the soil microbial status after 17 years of tillage and mineral P fertilization management. Applied Soil Ecology. 62: 14–23. Sooksa-Nguan, T., Gypmantasiri, P., Boonkerd, N., Thies, J. E. and Teaumroong, N. (2010). Changes in bacterial community composition in the system of rice intensification (SRI) in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Microbes and Environments. 25(3): 224–227. Sooksa-nguan, T., Thies, J. E., Gypmantasiri, P., Boonkerd, N. and Teaumroong, N. (2009). Effect of rice cultivation systems on nitrogen cycling and nitrifying bacterial community structure. Applied Soil Ecology. 43(1): 139-149. Tarafder, H. K., Mani, P. K. and Ray, M. (2017). Combined Effect of Minimum Tillage , Mulching and Combined Effect of Minimum Tillage, Mulching and Vermicom Post Applic a Tion on Jute. The Bioscan. 12 (1): 493–497. Thakur, A. K. (2010). Critiquing SRI criticism: beyond scepticism with empiricism. Current Science. 98(10): 1294- 1299. Thakur, A. K., Mohanty, R. K., Patil, D. U. and Kumar, A. (2014). Impact of water management on yield and water productivity with system of rice intensification (SRI) and conventional transplanting system in rice. Paddy and Water Environment. 12(4): 413-424. Thakur, A. K. (2010). Critiquing SRI criticism: Beyond scepticism with empiricism. Current Science. 98(10): 1294–1299. Thakur, A. K., Mohanty, R. K., Patil, D. U. and Kumar, A. (2014). Impact of water management on yield and water productivity with system of rice intensification (SRI) and conventional transplanting system in rice. Paddy and Water Environment. 12(4): 413–424. Tilman, D., Cassman, K. G., Matson, P. A., Naylor, R. and Polasky, S. (2002). Agricultural sustainability and intensive production practices. Nature. 418 (6898): 671–677. Zabaloy, M. C., Zanini, G. P., Bianchinotti, V., Gomez, M. A. and Garland, J. L. (2011). Herbicides in the soil environment: linkage between bioavailability and microbial ecology. Herbicides, theory and applications. In Tech, London, U. K. Pp. 161-192.

Dip Majumder 1 *, Manabendra Ray 2 and Dilip Kumar Khan 1 1 Department of Environmental Science, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741235, Nadia, West Bengal, India; 2 Department of Agronomy, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani741235, Nadia, West Bengal, India *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract The soil quality in a paddy field is the most crucial element for the supply and the production of rice in India. However, the pressure on the paddy field creates a challenge for preventing soil degradation. Soil microflora are most vulnerable to soil pollution, and a decrease or increase of the soil bacteria may reflect the health of soil. In this study, we try to understand the effect of crop management and weed control systems on the native soil bacterial colony. Our study consists of three types of crop management systems, such as zero-tillage, the system of rice intensification (SRI), brown manuring, and three types of weed removal processes, i.e. chemical, integrated and mechanical. In the chemical and integrated treatment, two herbicides were used for weed removal, but in mechanical weeding, a conoweeder was used. The colony forming unit (CFU) of different soil bacteria (nitrogen fixing and phosphate solubilizing) were measured during different stages of the crop growth. It was observed that the mechanical weeding has the least impact for both soil bacteria, but the chemical treatment showed a decrease of PSB count in all three systems. Whereas, the integrated treatment produced a better result in crop management and soil microbial population. Keywords: Azotobacter, crop management, herbicide, soil bacteria, weed control. Reference Alvear, M., Rosas, A., Rouanet, J. L. and Borie, F. (2005). Effects of three soil tillage systems on some biological activities in an Ultisol from southern Chile. Soil and Tillage Research. 82(2): 195–202. Ashworth, A. J., De-Bruyn, J. M., Allen, F. L., Radosevich, M. and Owens, P. R. (2017). Microbial community structure is affected by cropping sequences and poultry litter under long-term no-tillage. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 114: 210–219. Banerjee, S., Walder, F., Büchi, L., Meyer, M., Held, A. Y., Gattinger, A., Keller, T., Charles, R. and van der Heijden, M. G. A. (2019). Agricultural intensification reduces microbial network complexity and the abundance of keystone taxa in roots. ISME Journal. 13(7): 1722–1736. Brenner, F. J. and Corson, S. D. W. (1974). The effect of insecticides and herbicides on Azotobacter in an old field community. In Proceedings of the Pennsylvania Academy of Science, Pennsylvania Academy of Science. Pp. 65-67. Ceja-Navarro, J. A., Rivera-Orduña, F. N., PatiñoZúñiga, L., Vila-Sanjurjo, A., Crossa, J., Govaerts, B. and Dendooven, L. (2010). Phylogenetic and multivariate analyses to determine the effects of different tillage and residue management practices on soil bacterial communities. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 76(11): 3685–3691. Dong, W., Liu, E., Yan, C., Tian, J., Zhang, H. and Zhang, Y. (2017). Impact of no tillage vs. conventional tillage on the soil bacterial community structure in a winter wheat cropping succession in northern China. European Journal of Soil Biology. 80: 35– 42. Hungria, M., Franchini, J. C., Brandão-Junior, O., Kaschuk, G. and Souza, R. A. (2009). Soil microbial activity and crop sustainability in a long-term experiment with three soiltillage and two crop-rotation systems. Applied Soil Ecology. 42(3): 288–296. Iliger, M. D., Sutar, R., Chogatapur, S. V. and Parameshwarareddy, R. (2017). Effect of Brown Manuring on Soil Properties, Weed Density, Grain Yield and Economics of Different Crops. Advances in Research. 12(6): 1-11. Kalia, A. and Gosal, S. K. (2011). Effect of pesticide application on soil microorganisms. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science. 57(6): 569-596. Lehman, R. M., Cambardella, C. A., Stott, D. E., Acosta-Martinez, V., Manter, D. K., Buyer, J. S., Maul, J. E., Smith, J. L., Collins, H. P., Halvorson, J. J. and Kremer, R. J. (2015). Understanding and enhancing soil biological health: the solution for reversing soil degradation. Sustainability. 7(1): 988- 1027. Maitra, S. and Zaman, A. (2017). Brown manuring, An effective technique for yield sustainability and weed management of cereal crops: A review. International Journal of Bioresource Science. 4(1): 1-5. Marin-Morales, M. A., de Campos VenturaCamargo, B. and Hoshina, M. M. (2013). Toxicity of herbicides: impact on aquatic and soil biota and human health. Herbicides–Current Research and Case Studies in Use. Chapter- 16. Intech Open Science. Pp. 399-443. Pandey, S. (2009). Effect of weed control methods on rice cultivars under the system of rice intensification (SRI). M. Sc. (Agri) Thesis submitted to the Tribhuvan University Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. Prashar, P. and Shah, S. (2016). Impact of fertilizers and pesticides on soil microflora in agriculture. In: Sustainable agriculture reviews, Springer, Cham. Pp. 331-361. Raj, S. K. and Syriac, E. K. (2017). Herbicidal effect on the bio-indicators of soil healthA review. Journal of Applied and Natural Science. 9(4): 2438-2448. Randriamiharisoa, R., Barison, J. and Uphoff, N. (2006). Soil biological contributions to the System of Rice Intensification. Biological Approaches to Sustainable Soil Systems. 113: 409-424. Roy, D. C., Ray, M., Tudu, N. K., & Kundu, C. K. (2015). Impact of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Phosphorus Application on Forage Yield and Quality of Berseem in West Bengal. International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Biotechnology. 8(2): 315. https://doi.org/10.5958/2230- 732x.2015.00039.x Shi, Y., Lalande, R., Ziadi, N., Sheng, M. and Hu, Z. (2012). An assessment of the soil microbial status after 17 years of tillage and mineral P fertilization management. Applied Soil Ecology. 62: 14–23. Sooksa-Nguan, T., Gypmantasiri, P., Boonkerd, N., Thies, J. E. and Teaumroong, N. (2010). Changes in bacterial community composition in the system of rice intensification (SRI) in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Microbes and Environments. 25(3): 224–227. Sooksa-nguan, T., Thies, J. E., Gypmantasiri, P., Boonkerd, N. and Teaumroong, N. (2009). Effect of rice cultivation systems on nitrogen cycling and nitrifying bacterial community structure. Applied Soil Ecology. 43(1): 139-149. Tarafder, H. K., Mani, P. K. and Ray, M. (2017). Combined Effect of Minimum Tillage , Mulching and Combined Effect of Minimum Tillage, Mulching and Vermicom Post Applic a Tion on Jute. The Bioscan. 12 (1): 493–497. Thakur, A. K. (2010). Critiquing SRI criticism: beyond scepticism with empiricism. Current Science. 98(10): 1294- 1299. Thakur, A. K., Mohanty, R. K., Patil, D. U. and Kumar, A. (2014). Impact of water management on yield and water productivity with system of rice intensification (SRI) and conventional transplanting system in rice. Paddy and Water Environment. 12(4): 413-424. Thakur, A. K. (2010). Critiquing SRI criticism: Beyond scepticism with empiricism. Current Science. 98(10): 1294–1299. Thakur, A. K., Mohanty, R. K., Patil, D. U. and Kumar, A. (2014). Impact of water management on yield and water productivity with system of rice intensification (SRI) and conventional transplanting system in rice. Paddy and Water Environment. 12(4): 413–424. Tilman, D., Cassman, K. G., Matson, P. A., Naylor, R. and Polasky, S. (2002). Agricultural sustainability and intensive production practices. Nature. 418 (6898): 671–677. Zabaloy, M. C., Zanini, G. P., Bianchinotti, V., Gomez, M. A. and Garland, J. L. (2011). Herbicides in the soil environment: linkage between bioavailability and microbial ecology. Herbicides, theory and applications. In Tech, London, U. K. Pp. 161-192.

Available from National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Va

Downloaded from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Youtube channel on 2025-02-01 04:01:16 https://youtube.com/watch?v=P7tUAf7UPf8 -------- The LIMS manages the information workflow through the laboratory. It interfaces or interacts with many of the other systems within and outside the laboratory. These systems can include those that interface with laboratory instruments. This video will explain the difference between the LIMS and other laboratory systems. This video can also be viewed at https://reach.cdc.gov/job-aids-resources

119 p. 24 cm

This report describes an investigation of energy use at various LoanSTAR sites. The effects of installing Energy Management Control Systems (EMCS) on electricity consumption was studied at four Loan STAR sites: Stroman High School, Victoria High school, Sims Elementary School, and Zachry Engineering Center. In the course of this study, LoanSTAR monitoring data was used to analyze the changes in energy consumption based only on EMCS retrofits. The results will show that the installation of EMCS was successful in reducing energy consumption and/or changing the hourly energy consumption pattern.

This report describes an investigation of energy use at various LoanSTAR sites. The effects of installing Energy Management Control Systems (EMCS) on electricity consumption was studied at four Loan STAR sites: Stroman High School, Victoria High school, Sims Elementary School, and Zachry Engineering Center. In the course of this study, LoanSTAR monitoring data was used to analyze the changes in energy consumption based only on EMCS retrofits. The results will show that the installation of EMCS was successful in reducing energy consumption and/or changing the hourly energy consumption pattern.

In this thesis we propose the following general control-theoretic approach to the formulation of resource management policies for operating systems. (1) In order to develop a resource management policy, model the corresponding program behavior as a stochastic process. (2) Using identification techniques and empirical data, identify a suitable model structure for the process and estimate typical values of model parameters. (3) Based on the model, formulate a prediction strategy for the stochastic process, and hence a resource management policy. The policy so obtained is dynamic in the sense that it varies the allocation of the system resource to a user job depending upon the recent past behavior of the job. It, thus, provides the run time optimization not possible with the queueing theory approach. Also, notice that the individuality of the job is fully exploited. The key step in the approach is the formulation of the stochastic process model in such a way that the allocation problem reduces to a prediction problem. We exemplify this approach by formulating control-theoretic policies for CPU scheduling and page replacement. Policies for allocation of other shared resources (e.g., disks) can be, similarly, formulated. (Author)

Includes index

Includes index

Includes index

Introduction . The significance of machine learning under the conditions of digital transformation of industry, and methods of implementing deep learning to provide the performance of trust management systems are considered. The necessity of using convolutional artificial neural networks for deep machine learning is determined. Various technologies and architectures for the implementation of artificial neural networks are briefly considered; a comparative analysis of their performance is carried out. The work objective is to study the need to develop new approaches to the architecture of computing machines for solving problems of deep machine learning in the trust management system implementation. Materials and Methods . In the context of digital transformation, the use of artificial intelligence reaches a new level. The technical implementation of artificial neural systems with deep machine learning is based on the use of one of three basic technologies: high performance computing (HPC) with parallel data processing, neuromorphic computing (NC), and quantum computing (QC). Results . Implementation models for deep machine learning, basic technologies and architecture of computing machines, as well as requirements for trust assurance in control systems using deep machine learning are analyzed. The problem of shortage of computation power for solving such problems is identified. None of the currently existing technologies can solve the full range of learning and impedance problems. The current level of technology does not provide information security and reliability of neural networks. The practical implementation of trust management systems with deep machine learning based on existing technologies for a significant part of the tasks does not provide a sufficient level of performance. Discussion and Conclusions . The study made it possible to identify the challenge of the computation power shortage for solving problems of deep machine learning. Through the analysis of the requirements for trust management systems, the external challenges of their implementation on the basis of existing technologies, and the need to develop new approaches to the computer architecture are determined.

This item represents a case in PACER, the U.S. Government's website for federal case data. If you wish to see the entire case, please consult PACER directly.

The Marine Corps Tactical Command and Control System (MTACCS) is expected to significantly enhance the decision making capability of tactical commanders. The Landing Force Integrated Communications System (LFICS) provides the data communications for this capability. This thesis examines the impact of that enhanced capability with particular emphasis given to the management and control of the message and circuit switched systems envisioned to carry the bulk of MTACCS data traffic. Recommendations for improved communications management and control focus in those areas, which, in the opinion of the author, require major doctrinal modifications. Changes in communications system employment and organizational structure are evaluated with the objective of providing the commander a flexible, reliable, and responsive communications systems with which to exercise command and control.

The Marine Corps Tactical Command and Control System (MTACCS) is expected to significantly enhance the decision making capability of tactical commanders. The Landing Force Integrated Communications System (LFICS) provides the data communications for this capability. This thesis examines the impact of that enhanced capability with particular emphasis given to the management and control of the message and circuit switched systems envisioned to carry the bulk of MTACCS data traffic. Recommendations for improved communications management and control focus in those areas, which, in the opinion of the author, require major doctrinal modifications. Changes in communications system employment and organizational structure are evaluated with the objective of providing the commander a flexible, reliable, and responsive communications systems with which to exercise command and control.

Air Force doctrine inadequately addresses Industrial Control Systems (ICS) security and as a result, the service is improperly organized and trained to secure missions across the domains of air, space, and cyberspace. In response, the Air Force must consider significant changes at the strategic, operational, and tactical levels to provide mission assurance to commanders. An important question that the Chief of Staffs Task Force Cyber Secure (TFCS) asks is: How do we organize, train, and equip Air Force forces to support the five core missions, in and through cyber? By their nature, air, space, and cyber dominance are tied to physical platforms from which the Air Force projects power. Increasingly, the line between physical and cyber has blurred as ICS become a key factor in enabling mission assurance through the basing system. Functional stovepipes, specifically those of civil engineer and cyber surety, have resulted in ICS vulnerabilities, threating mission assurance at every one of the services installations. While changes can be made to the way units analyze systems or task organize under a wing, none of that will be effective until Air Force doctrine, both civil engineer and cyber surety adequately recognizes the differences between cyberspace and the traditional physical domains of air and space. The TFCS infrastructure work group should prioritize revising both sets of doctrine to enable the force to view cyberspace for what it is, a digital battlefield that comes under fire every day, whether at home station or forward deployed. Without this revision, the limited mindset of Airmen in the field employing ICS enabled installations and the mission commanders they serve will never change.

Air Force doctrine inadequately addresses Industrial Control Systems (ICS) security and as a result, the service is improperly organized and trained to secure missions across the domains of air, space, and cyberspace. In response, the Air Force must consider significant changes at the strategic, operational, and tactical levels to provide mission assurance to commanders. An important question that the Chief of Staffs Task Force Cyber Secure (TFCS) asks is: How do we organize, train, and equip Air Force forces to support the five core missions, in and through cyber? By their nature, air, space, and cyber dominance are tied to physical platforms from which the Air Force projects power. Increasingly, the line between physical and cyber has blurred as ICS become a key factor in enabling mission assurance through the basing system. Functional stovepipes, specifically those of civil engineer and cyber surety, have resulted in ICS vulnerabilities, threating mission assurance at every one of the services installations. While changes can be made to the way units analyze systems or task organize under a wing, none of that will be effective until Air Force doctrine, both civil engineer and cyber surety adequately recognizes the differences between cyberspace and the traditional physical domains of air and space. The TFCS infrastructure work group should prioritize revising both sets of doctrine to enable the force to view cyberspace for what it is, a digital battlefield that comes under fire every day, whether at home station or forward deployed. Without this revision, the limited mindset of Airmen in the field employing ICS enabled installations and the mission commanders they serve will never change.

The objective of the study is to determine if the Navy is following sound implementation procedures when a new system is introduced into the organization. Case studies are employed to determine what problems occur in a specific implementation process and whether the problems which did appear could have been avoided by an improved implementation process. This objective is accomplished through a comparison of theoretical models of change and implementation procedures found in accounting and related literature to the actual implementation procedures employed by the Navy in the case studies. The conclusion of the thesis, although the sample size was limited, is that the Navy does have a sound process for implementing change in its management control systems and that the implementation process is used. (Author)

Includes index

The Department of the Navy's approach to total quality management has been evolving for over a decade. Although, tremendous strides have been made at the highest levels within DON, resistance remains at the lower levels. Management control systems within the Government and particularly the military are very much traditional in nature. Adoption of total quality management necessitates a change of the current management control system. The authors compare a theoretical model of a traditional management control system with common elements of a total quality management control system. They also conduct a case study of an actual management control system in a corporation that successfully adopted the philosophy of total quality management. Modeling both types of management control systems and comparing both models to an actual total quality management control system provides a framework for stimulating discussion and learning at all levels in Department of the Navy, the Department of Defense, and other Government Agencies.

This paper explores future tactical battle management and command and control (BMC2) as a complex system of systems. The future tactical BMC2 of warfare assets quickly becomes a challenging endeavor as the number of collaborating warfare assets and the physical distance between them increases. Likewise, as the tactical threat environment grows more complex, the ability to command and control the warfare assets to effectively respond and operate becomes an increasingly complex mission. Therefore, complex BMC2 tasks are needed to address the complex mission, and a complex BMC2 system of systems is required to perform these tasks. Part 1 of the paper examines future BMC2 systems to determine whether and how they might embody complexity. Part 2 delves into a deeper examination of the complexity characteristics of BMC2 through comparisons with some principles of complexity. Finally, Part 3 discusses some complex systems engineering methods that have potential for application in the development of future tactical BMC2 endeavors. The presentation includes 73 briefing charts.

This paper explores future tactical battle management and command and control (BMC2) as a complex system of systems. The future tactical BMC2 of warfare assets quickly becomes a challenging endeavor as the number of collaborating warfare assets and the physical distance between them increases. Likewise, as the tactical threat environment grows more complex, the ability to command and control the warfare assets to effectively respond and operate becomes an increasingly complex mission. Therefore, complex BMC2 tasks are needed to address the complex mission, and a complex BMC2 system of systems is required to perform these tasks. Part 1 of the paper examines future BMC2 systems to determine whether and how they might embody complexity. Part 2 delves into a deeper examination of the complexity characteristics of BMC2 through comparisons with some principles of complexity. Finally, Part 3 discusses some complex systems engineering methods that have potential for application in the development of future tactical BMC2 endeavors. The presentation includes 73 briefing charts.

This report resulted from the Audit of the Defense Business Operations Fund-Defense Information Services Organization Financial Statements for FY 1994 (Report No. 95-209, May 31, 1995). In September 1994, the Director, Defense Information Systems Agency, realigned the Defense Information Services Organization and renamed it the Defense Information Systems Agency, Western Hemisphere (DISA WESTHEM). The DISA WESTHEM consists of a headquarters office and 16 Defense megacenters. Its mission is to provide information processing support to the DoD Components. The DISA WESTHEM FY 1994 customer revenues totaled $508 million. The overall audit objective was to evaluate the adequacy of the DISA WESTHEM FY 1994 management control program. We also evaluated the effectiveness of the Defense Finance and Accounting Service (DFAS) annual reviews of accounting systems used to process and prepare DISA WESTHEM FY 1994 financial statements.

The Marine Corps Tactical Command and Control System (MTACCS) is expected to significantly enhance the decision making capability of tactical commanders. The Landing Force Integrated Communications System (LFICS) provides the data communications for this capability. This thesis examines the impact of that enhanced capability with particular emphasis given to the management and control of the message and circuit switched systems envisioned to carry the bulk of MTACCS data traffic. Recommendations for improved communications management and control focus in those areas, which, in the opinion of the author, require major doctrinal modifications. Changes in communications system employment and organizational structure are evaluated with the objective of providing the commander a flexible, reliable, and responsive communications systems with which to exercise command and control.

Intelligent Control and Health Management technology for aircraft propulsion systems is much more developed in the laboratory than in practice. With a renewed emphasis on reducing engine life cycle costs, improving fuel efficiency, increasing durability and life, etc., driven by various government programs, there is a strong push to move these technologies out of the laboratory and onto the engine. This paper describes the existing state of engine control and on-board health management, and surveys some specific technologies under development that will enable an aircraft propulsion system to operate in an intelligent way--defined as self-diagnostic, self-prognostic, self-optimizing, and mission adaptable. These technologies offer the potential for creating extremely safe, highly reliable systems. The technologies will help to enable a level of performance that far exceeds that of today s propulsion systems in terms of reduction of harmful emissions, maximization of fuel efficiency, and minimization of noise, while improving system affordability and safety. Technologies that are discussed include various aspects of propulsion control, diagnostics, prognostics, and their integration. The paper focuses on the improvements that can be achieved through innovative software and algorithms. It concentrates on those areas that do not require significant advances in sensors and actuators to make them achievable, while acknowledging the additional benefit that can be realized when those technologies become available. The paper also discusses issues associated with the introduction of some of the technologies.

Vapor compression systems (VCS) offer significant benefits as the backbone for next generation aircraft thermal management systems (TMS). For a comparable lift, VCS offer higher system efficiencies, improved load temperature control, and lower transport losses than conventional air cycle systems. However, broad proliferation of VCS for many aircraft applications has been limited primarily due to maintenance and reliability concerns. In an attempt to address these and other VCS system control issues, the Air Force Research Laboratory has established a Vapor Cycle System Research Facility (VCSRF) to explore the practical application of dynamic VCS control methods for next-generation, military aircraft TMS. The total refrigerant mass contained within the closed refrigeration system (refrigerant charge) is a critical parameter to VCS operational readiness. Too much or too little refrigerant can be detrimental to system performance. Extreme values of refrigerant charge can lead to a loss of evaporator temperature control, loss of high side pressure control, or other potentially catastrophic occurrences. The objective of this work is to examine real-time methods for determination of acceptable refrigerant charge in a prototypical VCS system, as a function of operational points, using only sensors already utilized in the control system (in situ control sensors). It is envisioned that studies such as these can be used to guide development of a simple in situ prognostic tool for system state-of-health indication (i.e., ?Red Light, Yellow Light, Green Light?), with respect to level of charge, and to enable on-demand maintenance. Additionally, a method for continuous management of refrigerant charge as a means for optimizing system efficiency over a range of dynamic operating points is presented.