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This TOP prescribes a method for evaluation of missile system materials and identifies chemical analysis tests, facilities, and equipment for use, as appropriate. It provides procedures for propellant, gas, and metal tests. Applicable to missile system material properties determinable by chemical tests.

Book Source: Digital Library of India Item 2015.214820 dc.contributor.author: Smithells,colin J. dc.date.accessioned: 2015-07-09T18:55:21Z dc.date.available: 2015-07-09T18:55:21Z dc.date.digitalpublicationdate: 2005-06-17 dc.date.citation: 1937 dc.identifier.barcode: 2990140056111 dc.identifier.origpath: /data_copy/upload/0056/116 dc.identifier.copyno: 1 dc.identifier.uri: http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/214820 dc.description.scannerno: 3 dc.description.scanningcentre: Osmania University dc.description.main: 1 dc.description.tagged: 0 dc.description.totalpages: 247 dc.format.mimetype: application/pdf dc.language.iso: English dc.publisher.digitalrepublisher: Digital Library Of India dc.publisher: Chapman And Hall Limited. dc.rights: Not Available dc.source.library: Osmania University dc.subject.classification: Natural Sciences dc.subject.classification: Chemistry. Crystallography. Mineralogy dc.subject.classification: Practical Laboratory Chemistry. Preparative And Experimental Chemistry dc.title: Gases And Metals

"On the Cause of the Retention and Release of Gases Occluded by the Oxides of Metals" is an article from Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Volume 33 . View more articles from Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences . View this article on JSTOR . View this article's JSTOR metadata . You may also retrieve all of this items metadata in JSON at the following URL: https://archive.org/metadata/jstor-20020819

In this paper, we examine in a unified fashion dissipative transport in strongly correlated systems. We thereby demonstrate the connection between "bad metals" (such as the high temperature superconductors) and "perfect fluids" (such as the ultracold Fermi gases, near unitarity). One motivation of this work is to communicate to the high energy physics community some of the central unsolved problems in high $T_c$ superconductors. Because of interest in the nearly perfect fluidity of the cold gases and because of new tools such as the AdS/CFT correspondence, this better communication may lead to important progress in a variety of different fields. A second motivation is to draw attention to the great power of transport measurements which more directly reflect the excitation spectrum than, say, thermodynamics and thus strongly constrain microscopic theories of correlated fermionic superfluids. Our calculations show that bad metal and perfect fluid behavior is associated with the presence of a normal state excitation gap which suppresses the effective number of carriers leading to anomalously low conductivity and viscosity above the transition temperature $T_c$. Below $T_c$ we demonstrate that the condensate collective modes ("phonons") do not couple to transverse probes such as the shear viscosity. As a result, our calculated shear viscosity at low $T$ becomes arbitrarily small as observed in experiments. In both homogeneous and trap calculations we do not find the upturn in $\eta$ or $\eta/s$ (where $s$ is the entropy density) found in most theories. In the process of these studies we demonstrate compatibility with the transverse sum rule and find reasonable agreement with both viscosity and cuprate conductivity experiments.

The erosive effect of nitrogen-oxygen mixtures on 4340 steel nozzles has been studied using gas pressure transients produced by a ballistic compressor. Attention has been directed at threshold phenomena on both uncoated and coated specimens. Samples have been studied using scanning electron microscopy, Auger spectroscopy, mass loss and light microscopic methods. In all cases mass loss was associated with a melting of the nozzle material and material removal by ablation. An attempt has been made to produce some resistive thin film gauges to study the time-temperature history of a simulated eroding surface. Preliminary experimental data is presented.

"The Spectra of Gases and Metals at High Temperatures" is an article from Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Volume 38 . View more articles from Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences . View this article on JSTOR . View this article's JSTOR metadata . You may also retrieve all of this items metadata in JSON at the following URL: https://archive.org/metadata/jstor-20021828

Results are presented for a range of one-dimensional shock wave problems in gaseous and metallic materials. These problems were solved numerically using Flux-Corrected Transport (FCT). FCT is a numerical technique which achieves high resolution without non-physical oscillations, especially in regions of steep gradients such as shock fronts. These types of problem involve solving the Eulerian inviscid fluid flow equations, namely the continuity equation, conservation of momentum and conservation of energy, with an appropriate equation of state. For gaseous materials the ideal gas equation of state was used and for metallic materials the 'stiffened-gas' or the Mie- Gruneisen equation of state. Shock wave problems in gases included the one- dimensional shock tube problem, a shock wave hitting a density discontinuity and shocks of equal magnitude colliding. Using the 'stiffened-gas' equation of state and the Mie-Gruneisen equation of state similar types of problems were solved for metallic materials, for example, a shock propagating through a piece of metal. A discussion of the performance of FCT to accurately model these problems is given. Currently work is being done on adding elastic-plastic (or viscous) terms and heat conduction terms to the fluid flow equations, to improve the description of flow in a solid material. Keywords: Shock mechanics, Blast effects, Shock fronts, Australia.

Results are presented for a range of one-dimensional shock wave problems in gaseous and metallic materials. These problems were solved numerically using Flux-Corrected Transport (FCT). FCT is a numerical technique which achieves high resolution without non-physical oscillations, especially in regions of steep gradients such as shock fronts. These types of problem involve solving the Eulerian inviscid fluid flow equations, namely the continuity equation, conservation of momentum and conservation of energy, with an appropriate equation of state. For gaseous materials the ideal gas equation of state was used and for metallic materials the 'stiffened-gas' or the Mie- Gruneisen equation of state. Shock wave problems in gases included the one- dimensional shock tube problem, a shock wave hitting a density discontinuity and shocks of equal magnitude colliding. Using the 'stiffened-gas' equation of state and the Mie-Gruneisen equation of state similar types of problems were solved for metallic materials, for example, a shock propagating through a piece of metal. A discussion of the performance of FCT to accurately model these problems is given. Currently work is being done on adding elastic-plastic (or viscous) terms and heat conduction terms to the fluid flow equations, to improve the description of flow in a solid material. Keywords: Shock mechanics, Blast effects, Shock fronts, Australia.

Results are presented for a range of one-dimensional shock wave problems in gaseous and metallic materials. These problems were solved numerically using Flux-Corrected Transport (FCT). FCT is a numerical technique which achieves high resolution without non-physical oscillations, especially in regions of steep gradients such as shock fronts. These types of problem involve solving the Eulerian inviscid fluid flow equations, namely the continuity equation, conservation of momentum and conservation of energy, with an appropriate equation of state. For gaseous materials the ideal gas equation of state was used and for metallic materials the 'stiffened-gas' or the Mie- Gruneisen equation of state. Shock wave problems in gases included the one- dimensional shock tube problem, a shock wave hitting a density discontinuity and shocks of equal magnitude colliding. Using the 'stiffened-gas' equation of state and the Mie-Gruneisen equation of state similar types of problems were solved for metallic materials, for example, a shock propagating through a piece of metal. A discussion of the performance of FCT to accurately model these problems is given. Currently work is being done on adding elastic-plastic (or viscous) terms and heat conduction terms to the fluid flow equations, to improve the description of flow in a solid material. Keywords: Shock mechanics, Blast effects, Shock fronts, Australia.

This study presents an experimental investigation of the thermal and chemical erosion characteristics of steel alloys under the short exposure of high pressure and high temperature propellant gases (vented-combustor apparatus) and pure gases (ballistic compressor apparatus). In the vented-combustor tests, the erosion experienced by the alloys is shown to increase with decreasing thermal conductivity and specific heat. The established linear dependence of mass eroded on number of firings suggests that any physical alterations undergone by the eroded surface do not influence future erosion tests. Most significantly, erosion results of the steel alloys (of widely differing compositions) in the ballistic compressor show no distinct difference.

This study continues the experimental investigation of the thermal and chemical erosion characteristics of steel alloys which were begun under Contract DAAG46-72-C-0078. The high pressure (approx. 3 kbars) and high temperature (approx. 3000 K) environment to which the steel specimens are subjected is produced by a ballistic compressor and by a solid propellant combustor. Equilibrium thermochemical calculations of the possible reactions indicate that the most probable reaction products are oxides, nitrides, carbides, and carbonyls, in that order. The cause of surface cracks was found to be thermal and not relatable to the degree and severity of erosion. Erosion tests of the pure metals used as alloying elements revealed that molybdenum has the highest erosion resistance, followed by nickel. There is no evidence that alloying elements alter the chemical interaction between oxygen and iron. SEM studies revealed that when an accumulation of oxide scale occurs with successive firings, oxidation and thermal protection is provided. It is hypothesized that as long as steel remains below its solidus temperature, the primary erosion mechanism is the reaction of combustion gases with the steel surface to form scales and the subsequent carrying-away of the scales by the high speed flow.

This study continues the experimental investigation of the thermal and chemical erosion characteristics of steel alloys which were begun under Contract DAAG46-72-C-0078. The high pressure (approx. 3 kbars) and high temperature (approx. 3000 K) environment to which the steel specimens are subjected is produced by a ballistic compressor and by a solid propellant combustor. Equilibrium thermochemical calculations of the possible reactions indicate that the most probable reaction products are oxides, nitrides, carbides, and carbonyls, in that order. The cause of surface cracks was found to be thermal and not relatable to the degree and severity of erosion. Erosion tests of the pure metals used as alloying elements revealed that molybdenum has the highest erosion resistance, followed by nickel. There is no evidence that alloying elements alter the chemical interaction between oxygen and iron. SEM studies revealed that when an accumulation of oxide scale occurs with successive firings, oxidation and thermal protection is provided. It is hypothesized that as long as steel remains below its solidus temperature, the primary erosion mechanism is the reaction of combustion gases with the steel surface to form scales and the subsequent carrying-away of the scales by the high speed flow.

On the Analysis by Positive Rays of the Heavier Constituents of the Atmosphere; Of the Gases in a Vessel in which Radium Chloride Had been Stored for 13 Years, and of the Gases Given off by Deflagrated Metals. Thomson, J. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character (1905-1934). 1922-07-01. 101 (711):290–299

Parameters have been determined by a least-squares method for the reduced Simon equation and for a new, empirical melting equation using data for H2, D2, T2, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, N2, O2, H2O, Na, K, and Hg. The new equation, (P-P( ))/(T-T( ))=A exp(-(alpha)/T)

Noble metals and gases are very sensitive to the late accretion to the Earth of asteroids and comets. We present mass balance arguments based on these elements that indicate that 0.7E22-2.7E22 kg of extraterrestrial bodies struck the Earth after core formation and that comets comprised less than 1E-5 by mass of the impacting population. These results imply that the dynamics of asteroids and comets changed drastically with time and that biogenic elements and prebiotic molecules were not delivered to the Earth by comets but rather by carbonaceous asteroids.

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Book Source: Digital Library of India Item 2015.211965 dc.contributor.author: Smithells, Colin. J dc.date.accessioned: 2015-07-09T17:44:57Z dc.date.available: 2015-07-09T17:44:57Z dc.date.digitalpublicationdate: 2005-01-04 dc.date.citation: 1937 dc.identifier.barcode: 1040010080683 dc.identifier.origpath: /data_copy/upload/0080/688 dc.identifier.copyno: 1 dc.identifier.uri: http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/211965 dc.description.scannerno: 2 dc.description.scanningcentre: IISc, Bangalore dc.description.main: 1 dc.description.tagged: 0 dc.description.totalpages: 236 dc.format.mimetype: application/pdf dc.language.iso: English dc.publisher.digitalrepublisher: Svinfo dc.publisher: Chapman And Hall,ltd,london dc.rights: Out_of_copyright dc.source.library: Jrd Tata Library,indian Institute Of Science,bangalore dc.subject.classification: Technology dc.subject.classification: Chemical Technology. Chemical And Related Industries dc.subject.classification: Chemicals dc.subject.keywords: Gases And Metals dc.title: Gases And Metals

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Bell System Technical Journal, 12: 2. April 1933 pp 178-196. Some Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Gases in Metals. (Scaff, J.H.; Schumacher, E.E.)

Bell System Technical Journal, 12: 2. April 1933 pp 178-196. Some Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Gases in Metals. (Scaff, J.H.; Schumacher, E.E.)

The Influence of Gases on the Emission of Electrons and Ions from Hot Metals. Richardson, O. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character (1905-1934). 1915-09-01. 91 (633):524–535

The Influence of Gases on the Emission of Electrons and Ions from Hot Metals. Richardson, O. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character (1905-1934). 1915-09-01. 91 (633):524–535

The Influence of Gases on the Emission of Electrons and Ions from Hot Metals. Richardson, O. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character (1905-1934). 1915-09-01. 91 (633):524–535