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This is a segment of episode 348 of Last Born In The Wilderness, \"The Myth Of Man The Hunter: Human Locomotion & The Diversity Of Foraging Societies w/ Cara Wall-Scheffler.\" Listen to the full episode: https://www.lastborninthewilderness.com/episodes/cara-wall-schefflerRead 'The Myth of Man the Hunter: Women's contribution to the hunt across ethnographic contexts', published at PLOS ONE: https://bit.ly/44E0DVcBiological anthropologist Dr. Cara Wall-Scheffler joins me to discuss the evolution of human locomotion and how it dovetails into the findings and conclusions of the research article she co-authored, 'The Myth of Man the Hunter: Women's contribution to the hunt across ethnographic contexts', published last month in PLOS ONE.The data gathered and examined across numerous foraging societies by the authors of this ethnographic review points to the incredible diversity of labor males and females typically engage in to acquire food and other resources. Simultaneously, the findings and conclusions in this study upend stereotypical and essentialist notions about what the commonly understood sexual divisions of labor are-the \"man as hunter\" and \"woman as gatherer\" myth-with implications for not only anthropology as a field of study, but for contemporary discourse on topics of gender and sex. A major takeaway from this dialogue with Dr. Wall-Scheffler is that the Euro- and male-centric conceptions of the origins of Homo sapiens are breaking down. The diversity of human social arrangements and adaptation to our environments upsets colonialist and patriarchal assumptions of how we came to be, and provides openings in how we can imagine a more diverse and adaptive future for our species.Cara Wall-Scheffler is Professor and Co-Chair of Biology at Seattle Pacific University. Her research focuses on the evolution of human sexual dimorphism, particularly in the context of balancing the pressures of thermoregulation and long-distance locomotion. She has been working on this problem for over 10 years and has published numerous papers along with her students. Her work shows very clearly that different selection pressures have acted on men and women, and that women in particular have a rare (among mammals) ability to work both efficiently (energy per unit mass) and economically (total energy) when carrying loads. Women's abilities are due in part to their relatively small body size, relatively high surface area, relatively broader pelves, and unique methods of thermoregulating.WEBSITE: https://www.lastborninthewilderness.comPATREON: https://www.patreon.com/lastborninthewildernessDONATE: https://www.paypal.me/lastbornpodcastSUBSTACK: https://lastborninthewilderness.substack.comBOOK LIST: https://bookshop.org/shop/lastbornpodcastDROP ME A LINE: Call (208) 918-2837 or http://bit.ly/LBWfiledropEVERYTHING ELSE: https://linktr.ee/patterns.of.behavior

Raccoon forages for worms and raids a nest in Central Park after the rain Source: https://www.flickr.com/photos/24128368@N00/33856297163 Uploader: jeremy Seto

The Australian bush is full of drugs, you just have to know where to look. We went foraging for naturally-occurring substances in Victoria’s Dandenong Ranges. Click here to SUBSCRIBE to VICE Asia: [URL REMOVED]

The study investigates how the structure of external spatial search environments influences creative processes. Specifically, it examines the impact of scattered versus grouped spatial search conditions on the exploration and exploitation phases during creative foraging. Participants will complete a word puzzle task to manipulate spatial search, followed by a creative foraging task to assess how the search environment affects creativity.

Data collection starts January 4th

Thesis Landbouwuniversiteit Wageningen

Perma.cc archive of https://lafeber.com/vet/fascinating-facts-on-foraging-and-enrichment/ created on 2022-05-23 15:36:09.702045+00:00.

Perma.cc archive of https://lafeber.com/vet/fascinating-facts-on-foraging-and-enrichment/ created on 2022-05-23 15:36:09.702045+00:00.

In this episode of the Agroinnovations Podcast we are joined by Doug Lain of the Diet Soap Podcast. Doug shares with us the concept and details of his urban foraging project entitled Pick Your Battle. The project is a radical self-help book designed to build community by foraging for fruit, berries, mushrooms, and medicinal and edible plants. Also discussed is the gift economy and psycho-geography.

Foraging was a series of performances given by Xander, Ban, and Nick. The first set of performances occurred on May 7th, 2017 at 399 Hancock and 38 Ludlow. These can be heard on the published piece via Various Artists. In addition to these performances, we carried out a dialogue with Andrew Moon about transduction in relation to process, reference, modulation, and archive. The second set of performances occurred at 399 Hancock on May 14th, 2017.

California offers a veritable feast for foragers, and with Judith Larner Lowry as your trusted guide you will learn how to safely find and identify an abundance of delicious wild plants. The plant profiles in California Foraging include clear, color photographs, identification tips, guidance on how to ethically harvest, and suggestions for eating and preserving. A handy seasonal planner details which plants are available during every season. Thorough, comprehensive, and safe, this is a must-have for foragers in the Golden State.

California offers a veritable feast for foragers, and with Judith Larner Lowry as your trusted guide you will learn how to safely find and identify an abundance of delicious wild plants. The plant profiles in California Foraging include clear, color photographs, identification tips, guidance on how to ethically harvest, and suggestions for eating and preserving. A handy seasonal planner details which plants are available during every season. Thorough, comprehensive, and safe, this is a must-have for foragers in the Golden State.

California offers a veritable feast for foragers, and with Judith Larner Lowry as your trusted guide you will learn how to safely find and identify an abundance of delicious wild plants. The plant profiles in California Foraging include clear, color photographs, identification tips, guidance on how to ethically harvest, and suggestions for eating and preserving. A handy seasonal planner details which plants are available during every season. Thorough, comprehensive, and safe, this is a must-have for foragers in the Golden State.

California offers a veritable feast for foragers, and with Judith Larner Lowry as your trusted guide you will learn how to safely find and identify an abundance of delicious wild plants. The plant profiles in California Foraging include clear, color photographs, identification tips, guidance on how to ethically harvest, and suggestions for eating and preserving. A handy seasonal planner details which plants are available during every season. Thorough, comprehensive, and safe, this is a must-have for foragers in the Golden State.

California offers a veritable feast for foragers, and with Judith Larner Lowry as your trusted guide you will learn how to safely find and identify an abundance of delicious wild plants. The plant profiles in California Foraging include clear, color photographs, identification tips, guidance on how to ethically harvest, and suggestions for eating and preserving. A handy seasonal planner details which plants are available during every season. Thorough, comprehensive, and safe, this is a must-have for foragers in the Golden State.

Join nutritionist and forager Ashley Doyle for another show all about delicious food and great ways to forage your own fridge during the cold months. Ashley discusses ways for us all to get geared-up for the upcoming Spring foraging season, choosing the best field guides for your region, and the properties of herbs when utilizing them for different medicines. Also a great interview with urban farmer Summer White about Roots Micro Farm here in Flagstaff, AZ, about being part of the community, and about growing micro-greens in your own home as a great way to get fresh greens during the winter. All that and more with music by Hvuni Beat$ out of Flagstaff and Namaste Humble from Brooklyn, NY. 

Join nutritionist and forager Ashley Doyle for another show all about delicious food and great ways to forage your own fridge during the cold months. Ashley discusses ways for us all to get geared-up for the upcoming Spring foraging season, choosing the best field guides for your region, and the properties of herbs when utilizing them for different medicines. Also a great interview with urban farmer Summer White about Roots Micro Farm here in Flagstaff, AZ, about being part of the community, and about growing micro-greens in your own home as a great way to get fresh greens during the winter. All that and more with music by Hvuni Beat$ out of Flagstaff and Namaste Humble from Brooklyn, NY. 

Join nutritionist and forager Ashley Doyle for another show all about delicious food and great ways to forage your own fridge during the cold months. Ashley discusses ways for us all to get geared-up for the upcoming Spring foraging season, choosing the best field guides for your region, and the properties of herbs when utilizing them for different medicines. Also a great interview with urban farmer Summer White about Roots Micro Farm here in Flagstaff, AZ, about being part of the community, and about growing micro-greens in your own home as a great way to get fresh greens during the winter. All that and more with music by Hvuni Beat$ out of Flagstaff and Namaste Humble from Brooklyn, NY. 

Join nutritionist and forager Ashley Doyle for another show all about delicious food and great ways to forage your own fridge during the cold months. Ashley discusses ways for us all to get geared-up for the upcoming Spring foraging season, choosing the best field guides for your region, and the properties of herbs when utilizing them for different medicines. Also a great interview with urban farmer Summer White about Roots Micro Farm here in Flagstaff, AZ, about being part of the community, and about growing micro-greens in your own home as a great way to get fresh greens during the winter. All that and more with music by Hvuni Beat$ out of Flagstaff and Namaste Humble from Brooklyn, NY. 

This article is from PLoS Computational Biology , volume 10 . Abstract A fundamental understanding of behavior requires predicting when and what an individual will choose. However, the actual temporal and sequential dynamics of successive choices made among multiple alternatives remain unclear. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that there is a general bursting property in both the timing and sequential patterns of foraging decisions. We conducted a foraging experiment in which rats chose among four different foods over a continuous two-week time period. Regarding when choices were made, we found bursts of rapidly occurring actions, separated by time-varying inactive periods, partially based on a circadian rhythm. Regarding what was chosen, we found sequential dynamics in affective choices characterized by two key features: (a) a highly biased choice distribution; and (b) preferential attachment, in which the animals were more likely to choose what they had previously chosen. To capture the temporal dynamics, we propose a dual-state model consisting of active and inactive states. We also introduce a satiation-attainment process for bursty activity, and a non-homogeneous Poisson process for longer inactivity between bursts. For the sequential dynamics, we propose a dual-control model consisting of goal-directed and habit systems, based on outcome valuation and choice history, respectively. This study provides insights into how the bursty nature of behavior emerges from the interaction of different underlying systems, leading to heavy tails in the distribution of behavior over time and choices.

This article is from PLoS ONE , volume 8 . Abstract Species of Old World fruit-bats (family Pteropodidae) have been identified as the natural hosts of a number of novel and highly pathogenic viruses threatening livestock and human health. We used GPS data loggers to record the nocturnal foraging movements of Acerodon jubatus, the Golden-crowned flying fox in the Philippines to better understand the landscape utilisation of this iconic species, with the dual objectives of pre-empting disease emergence and supporting conservation management. Data loggers were deployed on eight of 54 A. jubatus (two males and six females) captured near Subic Bay on the Philippine island of Luzon between 22 November and 2 December 2010. Bodyweight ranged from 730 g to 1002 g, translating to a weight burden of 3–4% of bodyweight. Six of the eight loggers yielded useful data over 2–10 days, showing variability in the nature and range of individual bat movements. The majority of foraging locations were in closed forest and most were remote from evident human activity. Forty-six discrete foraging locations and five previously unrecorded roost locations were identified. Our findings indicate that foraging is not a random event, with the majority of bats exhibiting repetitious foraging movements night-to-night, that apparently intact forest provides the primary foraging resource, and that known roost locations substantially underestimate the true number (and location) of roosts. Our initial findings support policy and decision-making across perspectives including landscape management, species conservation, and potentially disease emergence.

Fruits are fun! Chris and Rachel are joined by chefy cook and librarian enthusiast Sara Bir and her new book The Fruit Foragers Companion. We talk about paw paws, aka hipster bananas, fun with fresh apples, and fruits with jackets.

This project introduces a novel foraging task and aims to compare performance on the task between clinically depressed and healthy groups. Indices of foraging / resource conservation behaviour at both the participant and group level will be derived from task data via computational modelling, and resulting participant-level estimates will be regressed onto predictors of interest. The aim of the project is to identify foraging / resource conservation strategies associated with depressive disorder and to understand more about relationships between such strategies and different attributes of depressive disorder including anxiety and anhedonia.

"Enviro-Bear 2000" puts you behind the wheel as a bear scrambling to find food before winter starts... in a car. (Available on PC and Mac)

#forest #expat #american #woods #mushrooms #foraging #expatlife #russia #россия #lifeinrussia #russian #russianvlog #immigration #wife #russianfood

The aim of this study is to test the possible influence of effortful travel on patch-leaving. Now the task between patches is obvious travel, but the travel costs time only (Effortless condition) or both time and effort (Effortful condition). By comparing patch-leaving of two groups, we would like to test whether the effortful travel would affect patch-leaving and result in Os staying longer than Os with effortless travel.

Data were collected in September 2017. See "Files" below for an example of the block design.

An extension of Levari 5 - foraging with Bouba-Kiki stimuli.

An extension of Levari 5 - foraging with Bouba-Kiki stimuli.

The Southern California Forest Bat Foraging Habitat Survey of 1997

The Southern California Forest Bat Foraging Habitat Survey of 1997

An archive of videos from the Odysee channel "Son of a Bear： Foraging and Bushcraft" from 2022. * channel_id: 50294a7775f514d1cd5c6977acfe6235f1dd50c4 * uploader: Son of a Bear： Foraging and Bushcraft

An archive of videos from the Odysee channel "Son of a Bear： Foraging and Bushcraft" from 2022. * channel_id: 50294a7775f514d1cd5c6977acfe6235f1dd50c4 * uploader: Son of a Bear： Foraging and Bushcraft

An archive of videos from the Odysee channel "Son of a Bear： Foraging and Bushcraft" from 2022. * channel_id: 50294a7775f514d1cd5c6977acfe6235f1dd50c4 * uploader: Son of a Bear： Foraging and Bushcraft

An archive of videos from the Odysee channel "Son of a Bear： Foraging and Bushcraft" from 2022. * channel_id: 50294a7775f514d1cd5c6977acfe6235f1dd50c4 * uploader: Son of a Bear： Foraging and Bushcraft

An archive of videos from the Odysee channel "Son of a Bear： Foraging and Bushcraft" from 2022. * channel_id: 50294a7775f514d1cd5c6977acfe6235f1dd50c4 * uploader: Son of a Bear： Foraging and Bushcraft

An archive of videos from the Odysee channel "Son of a Bear： Foraging and Bushcraft" from 2022. * channel_id: 50294a7775f514d1cd5c6977acfe6235f1dd50c4 * uploader: Son of a Bear： Foraging and Bushcraft

This article is from Frontiers in Zoology , volume 11 . Abstract Background: Temperate winters produce extreme energetic challenges for small insectivorous mammals. Some bat species inhabiting locations with mild temperate winters forage during brief inter-torpor normothermic periods of activity. However, the winter diet of bats in mild temperate locations is studied infrequently. Although microscopic analyses of faeces have traditionally been used to characterise bat diet, recently the coupling of PCR with second generation sequencing has offered the potential to further advance our understanding of animal dietary composition and foraging behaviour by allowing identification of a much greater proportion of prey items often with increased taxonomic resolution. We used morphological analysis and Illumina-based second generation sequencing to study the winter diet of Natterer’s bat (Myotis nattereri) and compared the results obtained from these two approaches. For the first time, we demonstrate the applicability of the Illumina MiSeq platform as a data generation source for bat dietary analyses. Results: Faecal pellets collected from a hibernation site in southern England during two winters (December-March 2009–10 and 2010–11), indicated that M. nattereri forages throughout winter at least in a location with a mild winter climate. Through morphological analysis, arthropod fragments from seven taxonomic orders were identified. A high proportion of these was non-volant (67.9% of faecal pellets) and unexpectedly included many lepidopteran larvae. Molecular analysis identified 43 prey species from six taxonomic orders and confirmed the frequent presence of lepidopteran species that overwinter as larvae. Conclusions: The winter diet of M. nattereri is substantially different from other times of the year confirming that this species has a wide and adaptable dietary niche. Comparison of DNA derived from the prey to an extensive reference dataset of potential prey barcode sequences permitted fine scale taxonomic resolution of prey species. The high occurrence of non-volant prey suggests that gleaning allows prey capture at low ambient temperatures when the abundance of flying insects may be substantially reduced. Interesting questions arise as to how M. nattereri might successfully locate and capture some of the non-volant prey species encountered in its faeces. The consumption of lepidopteran larvae such as cutworms suggests that M. nattereri eats agricultural pest species.

This article is from PLoS ONE , volume 9 . Abstract Correct assessment of risks and costs of foraging is vital for the fitness of foragers. Foragers should avoid predation risk and balance missed opportunities. In risk-heterogeneous landscapes animals prefer safer locations over riskier, constituting a landscape of fear. Risk-uniform landscapes do not offer this choice, all locations are equally risky. Here we investigate the effects of predation risk in patches, travelling risk between patches, and missed social opportunities on foraging decisions in risk-uniform and risk-heterogeous landscapes. We investigated patch leaving decisions of 20 common voles (M. arvalis) in three experimental landscapes: safe risk-uniform, risky risk-uniform and risk-heterogeneous. We varied both the predation risk level and the predation risk distribution between two patches experimentally and in steps, assuming that our manipulation consequently yield different distributions and levels of risk while foraging, risk while travelling, and costs of missed, social opportunities (MSOCs). We measured mean GUDs (giving-up density of food left in the patch) for both patches as a measure of foraging gain, and delta GUD, the differences among patches, as a measure of the spatial distribution of foraging effort over a period of six hours. Distribution of foraging effort was most even in the safe risk-uniform landscapes and least even in the risk-heterogeneous landscape, with risky risk-uniform landscapes in between. Foraging gain was higher in the safe than in the two riskier landscapes (both uniform and heterogeneous). Results supported predictions for the effects of risk in foraging patches and while travelling between patches, however predictions for the effects of missed social opportunities were not met in this short term experiment. Thus, both travelling and foraging risk contribute to distinct patterns observable high risk, risk-uniform landscapes.

This article is from Journal of Insect Science , volume 13 . Abstract The behavioral responses of foraging adults of Kallima inachus (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) to four colors and to six different fermented fruit juices were observed in order to determine the cues used by foraging adults. According to the results, adults did not show a behavioral response to red, yellow, purple, or white artificial flowers without food odors, but flowers with the fermented pear juice strongly attracted them, and they showed a behavioral response to fermented juices of the six fruits (pear, apple, banana, watermelon, orange, and persimmon) with no statistically significant preference. The fruit volatiles were collected using dynamic headspace adsorption, and the volatile components were analyzed by auto thermal-desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to assess which volatiles existed in the fruits. Only alcohols, esters, and ketones were common in the volatiles of all six fermenting fruits. The five volatile components found in the six fruits, as well as two others found to be in other fermented foods by previous studies, were selected to test the behavioral and electroantennogram (EAG) responses of naive adults to estimate behavioral preference and antennal perception. In field behavioral tests, alcohols were the most attractive, followed by esters, while α-pinene, butanone, and acetic acid were much less attractive. Relative to other volatile combinations and ethanol alone, the mixture of ethyl acetate and ethanol attracted the most feeding adults. The number of adults attracted was significantly positively correlated with the concentration of both ethanol and ethyl acetate. The EAG responses of naive adults showed that the EAG responses to 3-methyl-1-butanol, isoamyl acetate, ethyl acetate, α-pinene, butanone, and acetic acid were all higher than those to ethanol (100%) at doses of either 5 µl/mL or 50 µl/mL. Sexual differences only existed in 3-methyl-1-butanol and acetic acid at particular concentrations. Sexual differences in response to chemical mixtures were not significant at 50 µl/mL. In addition, the EAG responses in the within-sex trials were not correlated to the dosage (0.01, 0.1, 1, 5, 10, and µl/mL) of either ethanol or ethyl acetate. The results showed that olfactory cues played a crucial role in the foraging of adult K. inachus, and that foraging adults can use a variety of chemical signals derived from food; however, the feeding preference to volatiles was not necessary correlated with the EAG responses.

This article is from PLoS ONE , volume 9 . Abstract Invasive species are a major threat to biodiversity when dominant within their newly established habitat. The globally distributed Argentine ant Linepithema humile has been reported to break the trade-off between interference and exploitative competition, achieve high population densities, and overpower nests of many endemic ant species. We have used the sensitivity of the Argentine ant to the synthetic trail pheromone (Z)-9-hexadecanal to investigate species interactions for the first time. We predicted that disrupting Argentine ant trail following behaviour would reduce their competitive ability and create an opportunity for three other resident species to increase their foraging success. Argentine ant success in the control was reduced with increasing pheromone concentration, as predicted, but interactions varied among competing resident species. These behavioural variations provide an explanation for observed differences in foraging success of the competing resident species and how much each of these individual competitors can increase their foraging if the competitive ability of the dominant invader is decreased. The mechanism for the observed increase in resource acquisition of resident species appears to be a decrease in aggressive behaviour displayed by the Argentine ant, which may create an opportunity for other resident species to forage more successfully. Our demonstration of species interactions with trail pheromone disruption is the first known case of reduced dominance under a pheromone treatment in ants.

This article is from Journal of Insect Science , volume 8 . Abstract Caste polyethism has been recorded in some termite species, however the foraging behavior of subterranean termites remains poorly known. Heterotermes tenuis Hagen (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) is a subterranean termite that is native to Brazil and is an agricultural and urban pest. The aim of this study was to investigate which caste acts as scouts when searching for food sources and determinate the percentages of each caste present in the foraging territories of field colonies of H. tenuis. Our results showed no significant differences among the caste proportions present in the foraging territories of the three colonies studied in the field. Laboratory experiments showed that minor soldiers were the most frequent initiators of foraging activities. This result suggests that the exploratory phase of the foraging behavior may be regulated by the number of soldiers present in the foraging territories of each colony.

This article is from Genetics and Molecular Biology , volume 32 . Abstract We analyzed mtDNA control region sequences of green turtles (Chelonia mydas) from Arvoredo Island, a foraging ground in southern Brazil, and identified eight haplotypes. Of these, CM-A8 (64%) and CM-A5 (22%) were dominant, the remainder presenting low frequencies ( < 5%). Haplotype (h) and nucleotide (π) diversities were 0.5570 ± 0.0697 and 0.0021 ± 0.0016, respectively. Exact tests of differentiation and AMOVA ΦST pairwise values between the study area and eight other Atlantic foraging grounds revealed significant differences in most areas, except Ubatuba and Rocas/Noronha, in Brazil (p > 0.05). Mixed Stock Analysis, incorporating eleven Atlantic and one Mediterranean rookery as possible sources of individuals, indicated Ascension and Aves islands as the main contributing stocks to the Arvoredo aggregation (68.01% and 22.96%, respectively). These results demonstrate the extensive relationships between Arvoredo Island and other Atlantic foraging and breeding areas. Such an understanding provides a framework for establishing adequate management and conservation strategies for this endangered species.

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The overall goal of this project is to improve our understanding of beaked whale distribution and foraging behavior and to describe inter-specific differences. We are developing habitat models for multiple beaked whale species in the Southern California Bight using passive acoustic encounters. Data from line transect surveys and autonomous recorders are compared with dynamic and static oceanographic habitat variables. We aim to compare habitat models using acoustic line transect data with those generated using autonomous acoustic recorder detections. We intend to model the foraging behavior of beaked whales with respect to spatio-temporal occurrence on a diel or seasonal basis and in correlation to oceanographic or geographic variables.

The overall goal of this project is to improve our understanding of beaked whale distribution and foraging behavior and to describe inter-specific differences. We are developing habitat models for multiple beaked whale species in the Southern California Bight using passive acoustic encounters. Data from line transect surveys and autonomous recorders are compared with dynamic and static oceanographic habitat variables. We aim to compare habitat models using acoustic line transect data with those generated using autonomous acoustic recorder detections. We intend to model the foraging behavior of beaked whales with respect to spatio-temporal occurrence on a diel or seasonal basis and in correlation to oceanographic or geographic variables.

The overall goal of this project is to improve our understanding of beaked whale distribution and foraging behavior and to describe inter-specific differences. We are developing habitat models for multiple beaked whale species in the Southern California Bight using passive acoustic encounters. Data from line transect surveys and autonomous recorders are compared with dynamic and static oceanographic habitat variables. We aim to compare habitat models using acoustic line transect data with those generated using autonomous acoustic recorder detections. We intend to model the foraging behavior of beaked whales with respect to spatio-temporal occurrence on a diel or seasonal basis and in correlation to oceanographic or geographic variables.

The overall goal of this project was to improve our understanding of beaked whale distribution and foraging behavior and to describe inter-specific differences. We investigated spatio-temporal patterns for Cuviers beaked whale and a beaked whale producing echolocation signal type BW43 in the Southern California Bight using passive acoustic encounters, comparing data gathered from line transect surveys and autonomous recorders.

Mitigation of a variety of anthropogenic threats to endangered baleen whales depends on information about how the whales use the water column. For example, reducing ship strike risk requires an understanding of how much time whales spend at the surface, and mitigating fishing gear entanglements by ground lines requires an understanding of how often and why whales might dive near the bottom. My long-term goal is to characterize baleen whale foraging behavior by studying diving behavior with respect to both the vertical/horizontal distribution of their prey and oceanographic features and conditions (e.g., mixed layer, stratification, turbulence). This approach will allow me to characterize not only where in the water column the whales feed, but also where the prey are located, why the prey are organized as they are, and how the whales respond to variability in prey distribution and oceanographic conditions. By using this same approach to study several baleen whale species, comparisons between species will ultimately be possible to address fundamental questions about foraging ecology (e.g., variability in foraging strategy induced by morphological constraints and/or prey species/behavior) as well as about differential rates of interaction with human activities.

Irving is full of food ripe for the picking. During a “Think Green, Be Green” class at the West Irving Library, residents learned how to identify and legally acquire edible fruits, nuts and naturalized vegetables. Find out about upcoming classes: http://www.cityofirving.org/begreen