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In this study the effects of a remedial spelling training approach were evaluated, which systematically combines certain visualization and verbalization methods to foster students' spelling knowledge and strategy use. Several achievement and test anxiety data from three measurement times were analyzed. All students displayed severe spelling disorders at the beginning of the treatment. It was administered in single-case sessions and took about 80 hours. Empirical results could demonstrate statistically significant increases in students' general and error-specific spelling test performance, also reaching a considerable overall effect size. Furthermore, a statistically significant decrease in their spelling-specific test anxiety scores appeared at the end of the treatment. Finally, these findings were discussed in terms of conceptual and methodological issues concerning both the evaluation of remedial treatments in natural training settings and the need for evidence-based treatment practice. (Contains 6 figures and 1 table.)

1Boy Crusoe

By Allan Eric

Also published as" A Yankee Crusoe" . A 15 year old hard working and studious farm boy finds the lure of adventure on the seas as a merchant seaman more than he can resist. This is his story. " I was born in a little town in the State of Maine, near the close of the Civil War. My boyhood life did not differ materially from that of the average farmer's son in the remote country districts of New England--except, perhaps, that I read more and thought more. Hard work on the rugged soil, two terms each year in the little yellow country schoolhouse, a day's fishing now and then filled the early years of my life full to over-flowing. " What he gets is enough excitement and adventure to overflow his wildest dreams. How he experiences disaster and uses his wits and knowledge to overcome every problem makes for a great read. - Summary by Phil Chenevert