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Episode 462, "The Age of Reptiles" of the California Academy of Sciences' television program 'Science in Action'. Dr. Earl S. Herald presents a panorama of aminal life in prehistoric times - linking dinosaurs to modern dragons; features guest scientist Dr. Ruben A. Stirton; the animal of the week is an Angus cow. Source: 1 reel of 1; 2" Quad.

This article is from Aging (Albany NY) , volume 6 . Abstract The aging process is associated with the development of several chronic diseases. White adipose tissue (WAT) may play a central role in age-related disease onset and progression due to declines in adipogenesis with advancing age. Recent reports indicate that the accumulation of senescent progenitor cells may be involved in age-related WAT dysfunction. Growth hormone (GH) action has profound effects on adiposity and metabolism and is known to influence lifespan. In the present study we tested the hypothesis that GH activity would predict age-related WAT dysfunction and accumulation of senescent cells. We found that long-lived GH-deficient and -resistant mice have reduced age-related lipid redistribution. Primary preadipocytes from GH-resistant mice also were found to have greater differentiation capacity at 20 months of age when compared to controls. GH activity was also found to be positively associated with senescent cell accumulation in WAT. Our results demonstrate an association between GH activity, age-related WAT dysfunction, and WAT senescent cell accumulation in mice. Further studies are needed to determine if GH is directly inducing cellular senescence in WAT or if GH actions on other target organs or alternative downstream alterations in insulin-like growth factor-1, insulin or glucose levels are responsible.

This article is from Aging (Albany NY) , volume 6 . Abstract The aging process is associated with the development of several chronic diseases. White adipose tissue (WAT) may play a central role in age-related disease onset and progression due to declines in adipogenesis with advancing age. Recent reports indicate that the accumulation of senescent progenitor cells may be involved in age-related WAT dysfunction. Growth hormone (GH) action has profound effects on adiposity and metabolism and is known to influence lifespan. In the present study we tested the hypothesis that GH activity would predict age-related WAT dysfunction and accumulation of senescent cells. We found that long-lived GH-deficient and -resistant mice have reduced age-related lipid redistribution. Primary preadipocytes from GH-resistant mice also were found to have greater differentiation capacity at 20 months of age when compared to controls. GH activity was also found to be positively associated with senescent cell accumulation in WAT. Our results demonstrate an association between GH activity, age-related WAT dysfunction, and WAT senescent cell accumulation in mice. Further studies are needed to determine if GH is directly inducing cellular senescence in WAT or if GH actions on other target organs or alternative downstream alterations in insulin-like growth factor-1, insulin or glucose levels are responsible.

Publisher's catalog, dated October 1845: 32 p. at end

In the aftermath of SP-1 and Proposition 209, the University of California has adopted several strategies in order to maintain access. In the long term, the university seeks to work with individual students to improve their academic preparation and to expand partnerships with the K-12 public sector. The state's need to educate more of its minority citizens is urgent, however, so in the shorter term the University has focused on three strategies in its admissions process: comprehensive review, Eligibility in the Local Context (ELC), and the Dual Admissions Program (DAP). The paper also discusses the use of standardized tests in judging students' readiness for university-level work, and especially changes to the SAT tests that have come about partly in response to UC policies. The paper concludes by assessing the ongoing debates over racial preferences in college admissions. The University of California Admissions Policy is appended. (Contains 9 footnotes.)

In the aftermath of SP-1 and Proposition 209, the University of California has adopted several strategies in order to maintain access. In the long term, the university seeks to work with individual students to improve their academic preparation and to expand partnerships with the K-12 public sector. The state's need to educate more of its minority citizens is urgent, however, so in the shorter term the University has focused on three strategies in its admissions process: comprehensive review, Eligibility in the Local Context (ELC), and the Dual Admissions Program (DAP). The paper also discusses the use of standardized tests in judging students' readiness for university-level work, and especially changes to the SAT tests that have come about partly in response to UC policies. The paper concludes by assessing the ongoing debates over racial preferences in college admissions. The University of California Admissions Policy is appended. (Contains 9 footnotes.)

Dr. Zoellner explains the importance of focusing on what you can control and unplugging from the world to become a person of action in the information age.

Episode 401, "Teen-Age Medicine" of the California Academy of Sciences' television program 'Science in Action'. John J. Piel, M. D., Children's Hospital, San Francisco, will demonstrate techniques in this newest advance in preventive medicine, a youth clinic. Source: 1 reel of 1. 2" Quad.

Episode 508, "Infrared Report/Space Age Research" of the California Academy of Sciences' television program 'Science in Action'. A report on recent advances in man's conquest of the areas beyond his home planet; features guest scientist Dr. Robert Talley, Hughes Aircraft Company; the animal of the week is dolphins. Source: 1 reel of 1; 2" Quad.

This is a segment of episode #176 of Last Born In The Wilderness \"Rebel For Life: Rebellion In The Age Of Extinction & Climate Breakdown w/ Clare Farrell.\" Listen to the full episode: http://bit.ly/LBWfarrellIn this segment of my discussion with Clare Farrell, spokesperson and founding member of Extinction Rebellion (XR), we how the recent high-profile acts of direct action and civil disobedience organized by XR in the United Kingdom this last year highlight the broadening awareness more and more people now have of the implications of global climate change and environmental disintegration into the near and distant future. This rebellion against extinction (of both human and non-human life) is a step toward publicly and politically addressing the likely near-term extinction of human life due to anthropogenic climate change and ecological collapse. In spite of this reality, XR means to generate action against, as well as directly confront, the political and economic forces of our global society head on, in spite of our dire prospects. Extinction Rebellion has hit a nerve in the UK and abroad, as can be seen in much of the media coverage XR has been getting, and the awareness and action XR has generated has created a means (one of many) for people to grieve and act meaningfully in light of the reality we are implicitly a part of - a reality that deeply informs the nature of XR's origin, activism, principles, and demands.Clare Farrell is a fashion designer and a founding member and spokesperson for Extinction Rebellion, a grassroots movement founded in the UK in 2018. The main mission of XR is to address the global ecological and climate crisis through nonviolent direct action and protest. While XR was founded in the UK, its impact and reach is global.Learn more about Extinction Rebellion, as well as their principles and demands: https://rebellion.earth WEBSITE: https://www.lastborninthewilderness.comPATREON: http://bit.ly/LBWPATREONDONATE:Paypal: http://bit.ly/LBWPAYPALKo-Fi: http://bit.ly/LBWKOFIDROP ME A LINE: (208) 918-2837FOLLOW & LISTEN:SoundCloud: http://bit.ly/LBWSOUNDCLOUDiTunes: http://bit.ly/LBWITUNESGoogle Play: http://bit.ly/LBWGOOGLEStitcher: http://bit.ly/LBWSTITCHERRadioPublic: http://bit.ly/LBWRADIOPUBYouTube: http://bit.ly/LBWYOUTUBENEWSLETTER: http://bit.ly/LBWnewsletterSOCIAL MEDIA:Facebook: http://bit.ly/LBWFACEBOOKTwitter: http://bit.ly/LBWTWITTERInstagram: http://bit.ly/LBWINSTA

Existing data will be used to explore how individuals' commitment to Life Projects (LPs) - long-term, meaningful goals that shape daily choices and provide a sense of purpose - is influenced by agency, the motivational component of hope. The present study examines whether agency moderates the relationship between LP identification and LP involvement and if this moderation effect differs by age and culture (Brazil and Portugal).

Existing data will be used to explore how individuals' commitment to Life Projects (LPs) - long-term, meaningful goals that shape daily choices and provide a sense of purpose - is influenced by agency, the motivational component of hope. The present study examines whether agency moderates the relationship between LP identification and LP involvement and if this moderation effect differs by age and culture (Brazil and Portugal).

Calling in to SiriusXM's "Stand Up with Pete Dominick", best-selling author and journalist Jonathan Alter gave listeners a call to action for the next four years of Donald Trump's presidency. Join the Conversation with Pete weekdays 9 - 12 pm ET on SiriusXM Insight, 121. TWITTER: twitter.com/petedominick FACEBOOK: www.facebook.com/thepetedominck Source: https://soundcloud.com/siriusxm-news-issues/jonathan-alters-call-to-action-in-the-age-of-trump Uploader: SiriusXM News & Issues

Calling in to SiriusXM's "Stand Up with Pete Dominick", best-selling author and journalist Jonathan Alter gave listeners a call to action for the next four years of Donald Trump's presidency. Join the Conversation with Pete weekdays 9 - 12 pm ET on SiriusXM Insight, 121. TWITTER: twitter.com/petedominick FACEBOOK: www.facebook.com/thepetedominck Source: https://soundcloud.com/siriusxm-news-issues/jonathan-alters-call-to-action-in-the-age-of-trump Uploader: SiriusXM News & Issues

See this link for the most complete and recent information on this record: https://californiarevealed.org/islandora/object/cavpp%3A132055 . Episode 373, Age of Vertical Flight, from the California Academy of 'Science in Action' television program; features guest scientist Stanley Hiller Jr. and the animal of the week is a . The episode is about famous young aviation authority, Stanley Hiller, Jr., demonstrates the newest accomplishments in air transport and their promise for future development.

"This new 38-minute videotape is an excellent resource and teaching tool for speech-language pathologists as well as teachers, parents, and physicians. Certain to further the understanding of stuttering and what can be done to help the school-age child..."

The climate crisis has already unleashed disastrous consequences from forest fires to catastrophic flooding and drought. In the face of these alarming trends, it’s crucial for us to remain hopeful and continue to seek solutions. In his book, Climate Hope, David Geselbracht recounts stories of action from around the world and reveals remarkable efforts to address them.  David Geselbracht is an environmental journalist and lawyer. His writing has appeared in Canadian Geographic, The Globe and Mail and Broadview Magazine, among other publications.

The climate crisis has already unleashed disastrous consequences from forest fires to catastrophic flooding and drought. In the face of these alarming trends, it’s crucial for us to remain hopeful and continue to seek solutions. In his book, Climate Hope, David Geselbracht recounts stories of action from around the world and reveals remarkable efforts to address them.  David Geselbracht is an environmental journalist and lawyer. His writing has appeared in Canadian Geographic, The Globe and Mail and Broadview Magazine, among other publications.

The climate crisis has already unleashed disastrous consequences from forest fires to catastrophic flooding and drought. In the face of these alarming trends, it’s crucial for us to remain hopeful and continue to seek solutions. In his book, Climate Hope, David Geselbracht recounts stories of action from around the world and reveals remarkable efforts to address them.  David Geselbracht is an environmental journalist and lawyer. His writing has appeared in Canadian Geographic, The Globe and Mail and Broadview Magazine, among other publications.

Episode 380, "The New Age of Glaciers" of the California Academy of Sciences' television program 'Science in Action'. Father Bernard Hubbard, S. J., Santa Clara University, world-famous 'Glacier Priest' will demonstrate the saga of the great rivers of ice and how they shape the earth's surface. A special look at the proposed Bering Sea dam; the animal of the week is an echidna and a rabbit-bandicoot.   Source: 1 reel of 1; 16mm film

Episode 380, "The New Age of Glaciers" of the California Academy of Sciences' television program 'Science in Action'. Father Bernard Hubbard, S. J., Santa Clara University, world-famous 'Glacier Priest' will demonstrate the saga of the great rivers of ice and how they shape the earth's surface. A special look at the proposed Bering Sea dam; the animal of the week is an echidna and a rabbit-bandicoot.   Source: 1 reel of 1; 16mm film

Episode 385, "Space Age Research" of the California Academy of Sciences' television program 'Science in Action'. The challenge of extreme high heat and low temperatures, metals for engine parts, and other complex requirements of space vehicles; features guest scientists from the Aerojet-General Corp., Sacramento. Source: 1 reel of 1. 2" Quad.

Cross-age peer mentoring is a somewhat unique and different approach to mentoring than the better-known adult-with-youth mentoring model. In cross-age mentoring programs (CAMPs) the mentor is an older youth, typically high school-aged, who is paired or matched with an elementary or middle school-aged child. Meetings almost always take place in the school context, although there probably are countless camps, youth centers, and other youth organizations which informally, or for a short duration, pair younger youth with older youth for the purpose of providing the younger youth guidance, social support, or instruction. This article focuses primarily on one-to-one relationships between teenage mentors and younger mentees. Because descriptions and evaluation data on these programs in other contexts are infrequently reported in the research literature, it is unknown what the impact of such programs are or how their practice may vary from setting to setting. Additionally, no reports of cross-age peer mentors working with multiple youth in a group mentoring format were found in the literature search conducted to inform this article, making it difficult, at this time, to know how group peer mentoring programs operate and what potential benefits might be. Cross-age peer mentoring programs discusses were found to utilize structure, meet for more than ten meetings, do not focus primarily on deficit or problem reduction, and require an age span of at least two years. Cross-age peer mentoring, defined this way, has yielded positive effects for both mentors and mentees. The article is followed by suggestions on how practitioners can incorporate the research findings into mentoring programs and a list of additional resources. (Contains 2 figures and 1 table.) [The 10-issue "Research in Action" series, edited by Jean E. Rhodes, is the initial project of the MENTOR Research and Policy Council, charged with taking current mentoring research and translating it into useful, user-friendly materials for mentoring practitioners. For full series, see ED502220 through ED502229, inclusive.]

"Evaluating skills and knowledge capture lies at the cutting edge of contemporary higher education where there is a drive towards increasing evaluation of classroom performance and use of digital technologies in pedagogy. Developing Educators for the Digital Age is a book that provides a narrative account of teacher development geared towards the further usage of technologies (including iPads, MOOCs and whiteboards) in the classroom presented via the histories and observation of a diverse group of teachers engaged in the multiple dimensions of their profession. Drawing on the insights of a variety of educational theories and approaches (including TPACK) it presents a practical framework for capturing knowledge in action of these English language teachers – in their own voices – indicating how such methods, processes and experiences shed light more widely on related contexts within HE and may be transferable to other situations. This book will be of interest to the growing body of scholars interested in TPACK theory, or communities of practice theory and more widely anyone concerned with how new pedagogical skills and knowledge with technology may be incorporated in better practice and concrete instances of teaching."

The low educational achievement of our poorest youth is fundamentally a political problem. Against a background of interconnected gaps in educational achievement, health and wealth, and political participation, this paper calls for a liberatory educational praxis that disrupts these reinforcing inequalities. This is a critical literacy grounded in situated learning practices in what we call public "spaces of action", which may be in school or community settings. Engaging students in community inquiries into the social problems wrought by neoliberal policies, this expanded notion of a critical literacy empowers them with greater confidence and efficacy to break through cultures of silence and form new identities as agents of self-representation and change. We discuss two cases of apprenticeship-like youth media programs that promote civic engagement in communities with virtually identical high poverty and low high school graduation rates: one rural and southern (the Appalachian Media Institute in Kentucky) and one urban and northeastern (the Educational Video Center in New York). Through the process of counter narrative, documentary storytelling and bearing witness to the social problems in their neighbourhoods, students partner with community activists, apply critical literacies, and develop agentive identities as documentary journalists, media artists, and critical citizens affirming their voice and place in their community in solidarity with others struggling for more humane living conditions.

Cross-age teaching occurs when someone shares skills and knowledge with another person who is older or younger. Cross-age teaching of crime or substance abuse prevention skills by students can prevent or reduce crime. This bulletin contains suggestions for starting a cross-age teaching program through the following steps: (1) determine the focus; (2) find students; (3) research the subject; (4) develop lesson plans; (5) seek advice; and (6) practice. Tips to keep the program going, what to expect from program operation, and how to evaluate the program are discussed. (SLD)

Cross-age teaching occurs when someone shares skills and knowledge with another person who is older or younger. Cross-age teaching of crime or substance abuse prevention skills by students can prevent or reduce crime. This bulletin contains suggestions for starting a cross-age teaching program through the following steps: (1) determine the focus; (2) find students; (3) research the subject; (4) develop lesson plans; (5) seek advice; and (6) practice. Tips to keep the program going, what to expect from program operation, and how to evaluate the program are discussed. (SLD)

In 2011 three young women swept the top prizes of the first Google Science Fair. At TEDxWomen Lauren Hodge, Shree Bose and Naomi Shah described their extraordinary projects-- and their route to a passion for science.

In 2011 three young women swept the top prizes of the first Google Science Fair. At TEDxWomen Lauren Hodge, Shree Bose and Naomi Shah described their extraordinary projects-- and their route to a passion for science.

Recent research has demonstrated that older adult volunteers are more likely to be involved in relationship building with young people who are in difficult situations, in periods of transition, and in educational endeavors than volunteers of younger ages. Research also suggests that nurturing, giving to, and serving others contributes to greater ego integrity, personal happiness, and overall well-being and that at midlife and older, adults are able to give more unpaid assistance and emotional support to more people. The author concludes that one's age and "life stage" have some bearing on the reasons adults 50+ get involved in mentoring and, perhaps, on the roles they play as mentors, and advocates that program developers keep in mind that recruiting messages and strategies should be age-specific and sensitive, as do design and delivery of training and supervision. The article is followed by suggestions on how practitioners can incorporate the research findings into mentoring programs and a list of additional resources. (Contains 1 table.) [The 10-issue "Research in Action" series, edited by Jean E. Rhodes, is the initial project of the MENTOR Research and Policy Council, charged with taking current mentoring research and translating it into useful, user-friendly materials for mentoring practitioners. For full series, see ED502220 through ED502229, inclusive.]

Recent research has demonstrated that older adult volunteers are more likely to be involved in relationship building with young people who are in difficult situations, in periods of transition, and in educational endeavors than volunteers of younger ages. Research also suggests that nurturing, giving to, and serving others contributes to greater ego integrity, personal happiness, and overall well-being and that at midlife and older, adults are able to give more unpaid assistance and emotional support to more people. The author concludes that one's age and "life stage" have some bearing on the reasons adults 50+ get involved in mentoring and, perhaps, on the roles they play as mentors, and advocates that program developers keep in mind that recruiting messages and strategies should be age-specific and sensitive, as do design and delivery of training and supervision. The article is followed by suggestions on how practitioners can incorporate the research findings into mentoring programs and a list of additional resources. (Contains 1 table.) [The 10-issue "Research in Action" series, edited by Jean E. Rhodes, is the initial project of the MENTOR Research and Policy Council, charged with taking current mentoring research and translating it into useful, user-friendly materials for mentoring practitioners. For full series, see ED502220 through ED502229, inclusive.]

Recent research has demonstrated that older adult volunteers are more likely to be involved in relationship building with young people who are in difficult situations, in periods of transition, and in educational endeavors than volunteers of younger ages. Research also suggests that nurturing, giving to, and serving others contributes to greater ego integrity, personal happiness, and overall well-being and that at midlife and older, adults are able to give more unpaid assistance and emotional support to more people. The author concludes that one's age and "life stage" have some bearing on the reasons adults 50+ get involved in mentoring and, perhaps, on the roles they play as mentors, and advocates that program developers keep in mind that recruiting messages and strategies should be age-specific and sensitive, as do design and delivery of training and supervision. The article is followed by suggestions on how practitioners can incorporate the research findings into mentoring programs and a list of additional resources. (Contains 1 table.) [The 10-issue "Research in Action" series, edited by Jean E. Rhodes, is the initial project of the MENTOR Research and Policy Council, charged with taking current mentoring research and translating it into useful, user-friendly materials for mentoring practitioners. For full series, see ED502220 through ED502229, inclusive.]

Features contributing to the success of six city-wide, comprehensive school-age program models are highlighted. Models are Seattle, Washington's Community Partnerships for School-Age Child Care; Madison, Wisconsin's School-Age Child Care Project; Irvine, California's Irvine Child Care Project; Houston, Texas' After-School Partnership; Los Angeles, California's LA's BEST: Better Educated Students for Tomorrow; and Baltimore, Maryland's School-Age Child Care in the City of Baltimore. Section I presents reasons for city-level involvement in school-age child care. Replicable features of the models are discussed in Section II, including: (1) adoption of a "broker" management and coordination model; (2) hiring of at least one individual to match expertise and resources with needs; (3) government funding matched with private sector donations; (4) multiple agency involvement; (5) public shool involvement; (6) quality enhancement; and (7) funding for low-income families. Section III presents detailed descriptions of each model by describing its goals, administrative structure, program design, and financing. (RH)

Government Publishing Office U.S. Congress Senate Committee on Appropriations TRIBUTES TO HON. ARLEN SPECTER Arlen Specter U.S. SENATOR FROM PENNSYLVANIA TRIBUTES IN THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TONGRESS.#15 Arlen Specter ? Tributes Delivered in Congress Arlen Specter United States Senator 1981-2011 a ? Compiled under the direction of the Joint Committee on Printing CONTENTS Biography............................................. v Farewell to the Senate................................ xi Proceedings in the Senate: Tributes by Senators: Akaka, Daniel K., of Hawaii.................... 12 Alexander, Lamar, of Tennessee................. 3 Bennet, Michael F., of Colorado................ 21 Boxer, Barbara, of California.................. 23 Casey, Robert P., Jr., of Pennsylvania......... 15, 24 Cochran, Thad, of Mississippi.................. 19 Conrad, Kent, of North Dakota.................. 8 Dodd, Christopher J., of Connecticut........... 11 Durbin, Richard, of Illinois................... 11, 17 Enzi, Michael B., of Wyoming................... 9 Harkin, Tom, of Iowa........................... 22 Hatch, Orrin G., of Utah....................... 13 Levin, Carl, of Michigan....................... 5 Murkowski, Lisa, of Alaska..................... 26 Reed, Jack, of Rhode Island.................... 5 Reid, Harry, of Nevada......................... 5, 7 Sessions, Jeff, of Alabama..................... 20 Udall, Mark, of Colorado....................... 22 Warner, Mark R., of Virginia................... 5 BIOGRAPHY Since first elected in 1980, Arlen Specter has brought rugged individualism and fierce independence learned from his youth on the Kansas plains to become a leading Senate moderate. His work as Philadelphia's tough district attorney gave him insights to write the Terrorist Prosecution Act, the Armed Career Criminal Act, and coauthor the Second Chance Act. His legal background and experience in constitutional law provided the skills to serve as Judiciary chairman during the confirmation hearings of Chief Justice Roberts and Justice Alito. In earlier confirmation hearings he had the courage to cross party lines in opposing Judge Bork and disagreeing with conventional wisdom in supporting Justice Thomas after dissecting the contradictory and highly charged testimony. As a consummate legislator, he has counseled compromise and conciliation in a Congress that has established new records for partisan discord. In foreign affairs, he has advocated dialogue and accommodation as an antidote to belligerency and saber rattling. Arlen Specter's five terms have made him the longest serving U.S. Senator in Pennsylvania's history. A voice of reason, his independence and balance have won endorsements from the AFL-CIO and high marks from the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, the National Association of Manufacturers, and the Americans for Tax Reform. Time magazine listed him among the Ten Best Senators in 2006. Knowlegis rated him the second most powerful Senator in 2006 behind only Majority Leader Bill Frist. A November 11, 2007 Philadelphia Inquirer editorial stated: ''Senator Arlen Specter has more clout than some sovereign nations.'' Senator Specter attributes his zeal for public service to his experience as a child when he saw the government mistreat his father, Harry Specter, who migrated to the United States from Russia in 1911. Private Specter, serving in World War I in the infantry, was seriously wounded in action in France's Argonne Forest. When the government broke its promise to pay World War I veterans a 00 bonus, the veterans marched on Washington. President Hoover called out the Army which fired on and killed veterans on the Mall in one of the blackest days in American history. As a metaphor, Senator Specter says he has been on his way to Washington ever since to get his father's bonus and since he hasn't gotten it yet, he's running for reelection. The incident over his father's bonus has made Arlen Specter a fierce advocate for veterans' benefits and the ''little guy'' in his battles with the Federal Government. From his immigrant parents, Arlen Specter learned work ethics the hard way. His father, Harry Specter, who was a peddler, took 5-year-old Arlen to small Kansas towns selling cantaloupes door to door with a small basket in hand. In his dad's junkyard in Russell, KS, 16-year-old Arlen Specter cut down oil derricks with an acetylene torch and loaded scrap iron into rail freight cars headed for the smelter. His credentials include votes for the line-item veto and a constitutional amendment for a balanced budget. As a two-term Philadelphia district attorney, he fought for tough sentences for tough criminals and later, in the Senate, wrote groundbreaking legislation providing for life sentences for three-time recidivists on violent crimes. Since 1981, he has played a significant role in Supreme Court nomination hearings, for Chief Justice Rehnquist, Justices O'Connor, Scalia, Kennedy, Souter, Thomas, Ginsberg, Breyer, and Judge Bork. Notwithstanding debilitating chemotherapy treatments in 2005, he stayed on the job as chairman of the Judiciary Committee to preside over historic Supreme Court confirmation hearings. His work on the Judiciary Committee has included writing significant legislation on dealing with constitutional law, civil rights, and privacy. As a senior member of the Appropriations Committee, he led the fight to increase funding for the National Institutes of Health from 2 billion to 0 billion to expand medical research to find cures for cancer, heart disease, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and other maladies. He has supported expanding health care for seniors and children and has proposed legislation to cover the almost 50 million Americans who do not have health insurance. Because Senator Specter is keenly aware of the importance of understanding the younger generation, he often visits and speaks at universities and high schools. He credits his parents, both immigrants, with emphasizing the importance of education which has enabled his brother, two sisters, and himself to share in the American dream. To empower others with access to education, he led the fight on the Appropriations Subcommittee to increase Federal spending by 138 percent and raise funding for scholarships and student loans. Constituent service and promoting Pennsylvania's economic interests have been the hallmarks of Senator Specter's Senate career. He maintained offices in Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Harrisburg, Erie, Scranton, Wilkes-Barre, and the Lehigh Valley to help residents of those areas who needed assistance to cut Washington's redtape. From his experience as a teenager working on a farm in Kansas, the State where he was born, Senator Specter has understood and worked on the problems of Pennsylvania's farmers from his position on the Appropriations Subcommittee on Agriculture. He frequently argues in the International Trade Commission to assist the steel industry from being deluged with unfair foreign imports. His proposed legislation, endorsed by both business and labor, would create a private right of action in Federal courts to stop subsidized or dumped products from being imported into the United States. He has supported the coal industry by promoting legislation for clean coal technology and securing 00 million for a Schuylkill County project to turn sludge into high octane, environmentally safe gasoline. Recognizing the long-term effects of global warming, he has cosponsored the Bingaman-Specter bill to reduce harm from carbon emissions. As chairman of the Intelligence Committee in the 104th Congress and a member of the Appropriations Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, Senator Specter traveled extensively meeting with world leaders including Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev; French President Francois Mitterrand; Israel's Prime Ministers Menachem Begin, Yitzhak Shamir, Yitzhak Rabin, Shimon Peres, Benjamin Netanyahu, Ehud Barak, Ariel Sharon, and Ehud Olmert; China's President Hu Jintao; Indian Prime Minister Singh; Pakistan's Prime Ministers Benazir Bhutto, Mohammad Zia, and Pervez Musharraf; Jordan's Kings Hussein and Abdullah; and Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak. Strongly agreeing with Moshe Dayan's famous statement that we make peace with our enemies not our friends, he has met with Syria's Presidents Hafez al-Assad and Bashar al-Assad; the Palestinian Authority's Chairman Yasser Arafat; Iraq's President Saddam Hussein; Cuba's President Fidel Castro; Libya's Leader Muammar Qadhafi; and Venezuela President Hugo Chavez. From these meetings and his studies of foreign affairs since his undergraduate days at the University of Pennsylvania, where he majored in political science and international relations, Senator Specter has been a forceful advocate for aggressive diplomacy to solve international conflicts. He wrote, with staffer Chris Bradish, an article for the Washington Quarterly (Winter 2006-2007), outlining a blueprint for diplomatic initiatives in the Mideast with emphasis on bilateral negotiations with Iran and Syria. Similarly, he has urged bilateral, as well as multilateral, negotiations with North Korea. Early in his Senate career in 1982, he was among the first to call for a U.S./U.S.S.R. summit in a resolution which passed the Senate 90 to 8. He participated extensively with the Senate observers at the Geneva Arms Reduction talks in the 1980s and led the fight for the broad interpretation of the ABM Treaty. Senator Specter consistently supported appropriations to fight global AIDS and promoted worldwide support for underdeveloped countries including free trade agreements. Arlen Specter was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1980 and served five terms. In 2005, Senator Specter became Pennsylvania's longest serving U.S. Senator. He was a senior member of the Senate Judiciary, Appropriations, and Veterans Affairs Committees. Senator Specter was a member of the Senate Judiciary Committee since he came to the Senate. As such, he played an instrumental role in many of the Senate's most important issues, including the confirmations of Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Jr. and Justice Samuel Alito to serve as Associate Justice on the U.S. Supreme Court. Senator Specter also shepherded through the Judiciary Committee legislation on asbestos litigation reform to absolve what the Supreme Court once called an ''elephantine mass'' clogging our judicial system. Senator Specter has worked in a bipartisan fashion to reauthorize key provisions of the USA PATRIOT Act, an important tool in the U.S. war on terror. He has also authored legislation to help consumers better protect the privacy of their personal information in the face of recurrent data security breaches across the country. On the Judiciary Committee, Senator Specter built on his foundation as a lawyer and former district attorney. He was the author of the Armed Career Criminal Act, which has been praised for its long prison terms for repeat offenders, and the Terrorist Prosecution Act, which authorizes criminal actions in U.S. courts for assaulting, maiming, or murdering Americans anywhere in the world. As a senior member of the Appropriations Committee, Senator Specter was chairman of the Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education. This subcommittee oversees Federal funding for the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Centers for Disease Control, educational programs like Head Start, Pell grants, and GEAR-UP, and worker safety programs. Under his leadership, funding for education has increased by more than 130 percent. Senator Specter was also instrumental in doubling the budget for NIH, which has made major advances in curing Parkinson's, cancer, heart disease, and delaying the onset of Alzheimer's. Finally, Senator Specter is a strong proponent of stem cell research for the purposes of discovering knowledge that may lead to cures for these same ailments. Strengthening our Nation's security has been a longstanding priority of Senator Specter's. Thirty days after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, Senator Specter drafted the legislation that established the Department of Homeland Security. While serving as chairman of the Senate Intelligence Committee in the 104th Congress, he authored the bill creating the Inspector General of the Central Intelligence Agency, marking the only reform legislation to emerge from the Iran-Contra affair. Senator Specter continues his strong advocacy for veterans, a passion born from the first veteran he ever knew, his father, Harry Specter, who was wounded in World War I. As a former chairman of the Veterans Committee, he pushed for just treatment for veterans and increased benefits. Working closely with the Secretary of Veterans Affairs, Senator Specter oversaw the opening of four new veterans outpatient clinics in Fayette, Northampton, Venango, and Warren Counties and passed legislation to create a new veterans cemetery in Southeastern Pennsylvania. A frequent visitor to all of Pennsylvania's 67 counties, Senator Specter places constituent service high on his priorities and has been instrumental on the Appropriations Committee in promoting Pennsylvania's interests in agriculture, high-technology, steel, coal, tourism, mass transit, highways, and military installations. In addition to tackling the major legislative business before the Senate, Senator Specter also engaged in a personal battle with Stage IV-B Hodgkin's lymphoma cancer in 2005 and 2008. In both cases he underwent nearly 5 months of chemotherapy, but still maintained all of his senatorial duties, including chairing hearings, voting, and brokering important legislative initiatives. In July 2008, Senator Specter received his last chemotherapy treatment and has since received a clean bill of health. Senator Specter was born to immigrant parents in Wichita, KS, and grew up in the small town of Russell, KS. He is a Phi Beta Kappa graduate of the University of Pennsylvania and served as an editor of the Yale Law Journal. He began his career in public service as an assistant Philadelphia district attorney. While serving in that position, he was named assistant counsel on the Warren Commission investigation into President Kennedy's assassination. Two years later, Senator Specter was elected district attorney of Philadelphia at the age of 35. Senator Specter lives in Philadelphia with his wife Joan. They have two sons, Shanin and Steve, and four grandchildren, Silvi, Perri, Lilli, and Hatti. Farewell to the Senate Tuesday, December 21, 2010 Mr. SPECTER. Madam President, this is not a farewell address but, rather, a closing argument to a jury of my colleagues and the American people outlining my views on how the Senate and, with it, the Federal Government arrived at its current condition of partisan gridlock, and my suggestions on where we go from here on that pressing problem and the key issues of national and international importance. To make a final floor statement is a challenge. The Washington Post noted the poor attendance at my colleagues' farewell speeches earlier this month. That is really not surprising since there is hardly anyone ever on the Senate floor. The days of lively debate with many Members on the floor are long gone. Abuse of the Senate rules has pretty much stripped Senators of the right to offer amendments. The modern filibuster requires only a threat and no talking. So the Senate's activity for more than a decade has been the virtual continuous drone of a quorum call. But that is not the way it was when Senator Chris Dodd and I were privileged to enter the world's greatest deliberative body 30 years ago. Senators on both sides of the aisle engaged in collegial debate and found ways to find common ground on the Nation's pressing problems. When I attended my first Republican moderates luncheon, I met Mark Hatfield, John Chafee, Ted Stevens, Mac Mathias, Bob Stafford, Bob Packwood, Chuck Percy, Bill Cohen, Warren Rudman, Alan Simpson, Jack Danforth, John Warner, Nancy Kassebaum, Slade Gorton, and I found my colleague John Heinz there. That is a far cry from later years when the moderates could fit into a telephone booth. On the other side of the aisle, I found many Democratic Senators willing to move to the center to craft legislation Date(s) Held: 2010-12-21, 2010-11-30, 2010-12-08, 2010-12-10, 2010-12-15, 2010-12-16, 2010-12-19, 2010-12-21, 2010-12-22 111th Congress, 2nd Session GPO Document Source: CHRG-111shrg64816 Superintendents of Documents ID: Y 4.AP 6/2 Related Items:

Government Publishing Office U.S. Congress Senate Committee on Appropriations TRIBUTES TO HON. ARLEN SPECTER Arlen Specter U.S. SENATOR FROM PENNSYLVANIA TRIBUTES IN THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TONGRESS.#15 Arlen Specter ? Tributes Delivered in Congress Arlen Specter United States Senator 1981-2011 a ? Compiled under the direction of the Joint Committee on Printing CONTENTS Biography............................................. v Farewell to the Senate................................ xi Proceedings in the Senate: Tributes by Senators: Akaka, Daniel K., of Hawaii.................... 12 Alexander, Lamar, of Tennessee................. 3 Bennet, Michael F., of Colorado................ 21 Boxer, Barbara, of California.................. 23 Casey, Robert P., Jr., of Pennsylvania......... 15, 24 Cochran, Thad, of Mississippi.................. 19 Conrad, Kent, of North Dakota.................. 8 Dodd, Christopher J., of Connecticut........... 11 Durbin, Richard, of Illinois................... 11, 17 Enzi, Michael B., of Wyoming................... 9 Harkin, Tom, of Iowa........................... 22 Hatch, Orrin G., of Utah....................... 13 Levin, Carl, of Michigan....................... 5 Murkowski, Lisa, of Alaska..................... 26 Reed, Jack, of Rhode Island.................... 5 Reid, Harry, of Nevada......................... 5, 7 Sessions, Jeff, of Alabama..................... 20 Udall, Mark, of Colorado....................... 22 Warner, Mark R., of Virginia................... 5 BIOGRAPHY Since first elected in 1980, Arlen Specter has brought rugged individualism and fierce independence learned from his youth on the Kansas plains to become a leading Senate moderate. His work as Philadelphia's tough district attorney gave him insights to write the Terrorist Prosecution Act, the Armed Career Criminal Act, and coauthor the Second Chance Act. His legal background and experience in constitutional law provided the skills to serve as Judiciary chairman during the confirmation hearings of Chief Justice Roberts and Justice Alito. In earlier confirmation hearings he had the courage to cross party lines in opposing Judge Bork and disagreeing with conventional wisdom in supporting Justice Thomas after dissecting the contradictory and highly charged testimony. As a consummate legislator, he has counseled compromise and conciliation in a Congress that has established new records for partisan discord. In foreign affairs, he has advocated dialogue and accommodation as an antidote to belligerency and saber rattling. Arlen Specter's five terms have made him the longest serving U.S. Senator in Pennsylvania's history. A voice of reason, his independence and balance have won endorsements from the AFL-CIO and high marks from the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, the National Association of Manufacturers, and the Americans for Tax Reform. Time magazine listed him among the Ten Best Senators in 2006. Knowlegis rated him the second most powerful Senator in 2006 behind only Majority Leader Bill Frist. A November 11, 2007 Philadelphia Inquirer editorial stated: ''Senator Arlen Specter has more clout than some sovereign nations.'' Senator Specter attributes his zeal for public service to his experience as a child when he saw the government mistreat his father, Harry Specter, who migrated to the United States from Russia in 1911. Private Specter, serving in World War I in the infantry, was seriously wounded in action in France's Argonne Forest. When the government broke its promise to pay World War I veterans a 00 bonus, the veterans marched on Washington. President Hoover called out the Army which fired on and killed veterans on the Mall in one of the blackest days in American history. As a metaphor, Senator Specter says he has been on his way to Washington ever since to get his father's bonus and since he hasn't gotten it yet, he's running for reelection. The incident over his father's bonus has made Arlen Specter a fierce advocate for veterans' benefits and the ''little guy'' in his battles with the Federal Government. From his immigrant parents, Arlen Specter learned work ethics the hard way. His father, Harry Specter, who was a peddler, took 5-year-old Arlen to small Kansas towns selling cantaloupes door to door with a small basket in hand. In his dad's junkyard in Russell, KS, 16-year-old Arlen Specter cut down oil derricks with an acetylene torch and loaded scrap iron into rail freight cars headed for the smelter. His credentials include votes for the line-item veto and a constitutional amendment for a balanced budget. As a two-term Philadelphia district attorney, he fought for tough sentences for tough criminals and later, in the Senate, wrote groundbreaking legislation providing for life sentences for three-time recidivists on violent crimes. Since 1981, he has played a significant role in Supreme Court nomination hearings, for Chief Justice Rehnquist, Justices O'Connor, Scalia, Kennedy, Souter, Thomas, Ginsberg, Breyer, and Judge Bork. Notwithstanding debilitating chemotherapy treatments in 2005, he stayed on the job as chairman of the Judiciary Committee to preside over historic Supreme Court confirmation hearings. His work on the Judiciary Committee has included writing significant legislation on dealing with constitutional law, civil rights, and privacy. As a senior member of the Appropriations Committee, he led the fight to increase funding for the National Institutes of Health from 2 billion to 0 billion to expand medical research to find cures for cancer, heart disease, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and other maladies. He has supported expanding health care for seniors and children and has proposed legislation to cover the almost 50 million Americans who do not have health insurance. Because Senator Specter is keenly aware of the importance of understanding the younger generation, he often visits and speaks at universities and high schools. He credits his parents, both immigrants, with emphasizing the importance of education which has enabled his brother, two sisters, and himself to share in the American dream. To empower others with access to education, he led the fight on the Appropriations Subcommittee to increase Federal spending by 138 percent and raise funding for scholarships and student loans. Constituent service and promoting Pennsylvania's economic interests have been the hallmarks of Senator Specter's Senate career. He maintained offices in Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Harrisburg, Erie, Scranton, Wilkes-Barre, and the Lehigh Valley to help residents of those areas who needed assistance to cut Washington's redtape. From his experience as a teenager working on a farm in Kansas, the State where he was born, Senator Specter has understood and worked on the problems of Pennsylvania's farmers from his position on the Appropriations Subcommittee on Agriculture. He frequently argues in the International Trade Commission to assist the steel industry from being deluged with unfair foreign imports. His proposed legislation, endorsed by both business and labor, would create a private right of action in Federal courts to stop subsidized or dumped products from being imported into the United States. He has supported the coal industry by promoting legislation for clean coal technology and securing 00 million for a Schuylkill County project to turn sludge into high octane, environmentally safe gasoline. Recognizing the long-term effects of global warming, he has cosponsored the Bingaman-Specter bill to reduce harm from carbon emissions. As chairman of the Intelligence Committee in the 104th Congress and a member of the Appropriations Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, Senator Specter traveled extensively meeting with world leaders including Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev; French President Francois Mitterrand; Israel's Prime Ministers Menachem Begin, Yitzhak Shamir, Yitzhak Rabin, Shimon Peres, Benjamin Netanyahu, Ehud Barak, Ariel Sharon, and Ehud Olmert; China's President Hu Jintao; Indian Prime Minister Singh; Pakistan's Prime Ministers Benazir Bhutto, Mohammad Zia, and Pervez Musharraf; Jordan's Kings Hussein and Abdullah; and Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak. Strongly agreeing with Moshe Dayan's famous statement that we make peace with our enemies not our friends, he has met with Syria's Presidents Hafez al-Assad and Bashar al-Assad; the Palestinian Authority's Chairman Yasser Arafat; Iraq's President Saddam Hussein; Cuba's President Fidel Castro; Libya's Leader Muammar Qadhafi; and Venezuela President Hugo Chavez. From these meetings and his studies of foreign affairs since his undergraduate days at the University of Pennsylvania, where he majored in political science and international relations, Senator Specter has been a forceful advocate for aggressive diplomacy to solve international conflicts. He wrote, with staffer Chris Bradish, an article for the Washington Quarterly (Winter 2006-2007), outlining a blueprint for diplomatic initiatives in the Mideast with emphasis on bilateral negotiations with Iran and Syria. Similarly, he has urged bilateral, as well as multilateral, negotiations with North Korea. Early in his Senate career in 1982, he was among the first to call for a U.S./U.S.S.R. summit in a resolution which passed the Senate 90 to 8. He participated extensively with the Senate observers at the Geneva Arms Reduction talks in the 1980s and led the fight for the broad interpretation of the ABM Treaty. Senator Specter consistently supported appropriations to fight global AIDS and promoted worldwide support for underdeveloped countries including free trade agreements. Arlen Specter was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1980 and served five terms. In 2005, Senator Specter became Pennsylvania's longest serving U.S. Senator. He was a senior member of the Senate Judiciary, Appropriations, and Veterans Affairs Committees. Senator Specter was a member of the Senate Judiciary Committee since he came to the Senate. As such, he played an instrumental role in many of the Senate's most important issues, including the confirmations of Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Jr. and Justice Samuel Alito to serve as Associate Justice on the U.S. Supreme Court. Senator Specter also shepherded through the Judiciary Committee legislation on asbestos litigation reform to absolve what the Supreme Court once called an ''elephantine mass'' clogging our judicial system. Senator Specter has worked in a bipartisan fashion to reauthorize key provisions of the USA PATRIOT Act, an important tool in the U.S. war on terror. He has also authored legislation to help consumers better protect the privacy of their personal information in the face of recurrent data security breaches across the country. On the Judiciary Committee, Senator Specter built on his foundation as a lawyer and former district attorney. He was the author of the Armed Career Criminal Act, which has been praised for its long prison terms for repeat offenders, and the Terrorist Prosecution Act, which authorizes criminal actions in U.S. courts for assaulting, maiming, or murdering Americans anywhere in the world. As a senior member of the Appropriations Committee, Senator Specter was chairman of the Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education. This subcommittee oversees Federal funding for the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Centers for Disease Control, educational programs like Head Start, Pell grants, and GEAR-UP, and worker safety programs. Under his leadership, funding for education has increased by more than 130 percent. Senator Specter was also instrumental in doubling the budget for NIH, which has made major advances in curing Parkinson's, cancer, heart disease, and delaying the onset of Alzheimer's. Finally, Senator Specter is a strong proponent of stem cell research for the purposes of discovering knowledge that may lead to cures for these same ailments. Strengthening our Nation's security has been a longstanding priority of Senator Specter's. Thirty days after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, Senator Specter drafted the legislation that established the Department of Homeland Security. While serving as chairman of the Senate Intelligence Committee in the 104th Congress, he authored the bill creating the Inspector General of the Central Intelligence Agency, marking the only reform legislation to emerge from the Iran-Contra affair. Senator Specter continues his strong advocacy for veterans, a passion born from the first veteran he ever knew, his father, Harry Specter, who was wounded in World War I. As a former chairman of the Veterans Committee, he pushed for just treatment for veterans and increased benefits. Working closely with the Secretary of Veterans Affairs, Senator Specter oversaw the opening of four new veterans outpatient clinics in Fayette, Northampton, Venango, and Warren Counties and passed legislation to create a new veterans cemetery in Southeastern Pennsylvania. A frequent visitor to all of Pennsylvania's 67 counties, Senator Specter places constituent service high on his priorities and has been instrumental on the Appropriations Committee in promoting Pennsylvania's interests in agriculture, high-technology, steel, coal, tourism, mass transit, highways, and military installations. In addition to tackling the major legislative business before the Senate, Senator Specter also engaged in a personal battle with Stage IV-B Hodgkin's lymphoma cancer in 2005 and 2008. In both cases he underwent nearly 5 months of chemotherapy, but still maintained all of his senatorial duties, including chairing hearings, voting, and brokering important legislative initiatives. In July 2008, Senator Specter received his last chemotherapy treatment and has since received a clean bill of health. Senator Specter was born to immigrant parents in Wichita, KS, and grew up in the small town of Russell, KS. He is a Phi Beta Kappa graduate of the University of Pennsylvania and served as an editor of the Yale Law Journal. He began his career in public service as an assistant Philadelphia district attorney. While serving in that position, he was named assistant counsel on the Warren Commission investigation into President Kennedy's assassination. Two years later, Senator Specter was elected district attorney of Philadelphia at the age of 35. Senator Specter lives in Philadelphia with his wife Joan. They have two sons, Shanin and Steve, and four grandchildren, Silvi, Perri, Lilli, and Hatti. Farewell to the Senate Tuesday, December 21, 2010 Mr. SPECTER. Madam President, this is not a farewell address but, rather, a closing argument to a jury of my colleagues and the American people outlining my views on how the Senate and, with it, the Federal Government arrived at its current condition of partisan gridlock, and my suggestions on where we go from here on that pressing problem and the key issues of national and international importance. To make a final floor statement is a challenge. The Washington Post noted the poor attendance at my colleagues' farewell speeches earlier this month. That is really not surprising since there is hardly anyone ever on the Senate floor. The days of lively debate with many Members on the floor are long gone. Abuse of the Senate rules has pretty much stripped Senators of the right to offer amendments. The modern filibuster requires only a threat and no talking. So the Senate's activity for more than a decade has been the virtual continuous drone of a quorum call. But that is not the way it was when Senator Chris Dodd and I were privileged to enter the world's greatest deliberative body 30 years ago. Senators on both sides of the aisle engaged in collegial debate and found ways to find common ground on the Nation's pressing problems. When I attended my first Republican moderates luncheon, I met Mark Hatfield, John Chafee, Ted Stevens, Mac Mathias, Bob Stafford, Bob Packwood, Chuck Percy, Bill Cohen, Warren Rudman, Alan Simpson, Jack Danforth, John Warner, Nancy Kassebaum, Slade Gorton, and I found my colleague John Heinz there. That is a far cry from later years when the moderates could fit into a telephone booth. On the other side of the aisle, I found many Democratic Senators willing to move to the center to craft legislation Date(s) Held: 2010-12-21, 2010-11-30, 2010-12-08, 2010-12-10, 2010-12-15, 2010-12-16, 2010-12-19, 2010-12-21, 2010-12-22 111th Congress, 2nd Session GPO Document Source: CHRG-111shrg64816 Superintendents of Documents ID: Y 4.AP 6/2 Related Items:

Government Publishing Office U.S. Congress Senate Committee on Appropriations TRIBUTES TO HON. ARLEN SPECTER Arlen Specter U.S. SENATOR FROM PENNSYLVANIA TRIBUTES IN THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TONGRESS.#15 Arlen Specter ? Tributes Delivered in Congress Arlen Specter United States Senator 1981-2011 a ? Compiled under the direction of the Joint Committee on Printing CONTENTS Biography............................................. v Farewell to the Senate................................ xi Proceedings in the Senate: Tributes by Senators: Akaka, Daniel K., of Hawaii.................... 12 Alexander, Lamar, of Tennessee................. 3 Bennet, Michael F., of Colorado................ 21 Boxer, Barbara, of California.................. 23 Casey, Robert P., Jr., of Pennsylvania......... 15, 24 Cochran, Thad, of Mississippi.................. 19 Conrad, Kent, of North Dakota.................. 8 Dodd, Christopher J., of Connecticut........... 11 Durbin, Richard, of Illinois................... 11, 17 Enzi, Michael B., of Wyoming................... 9 Harkin, Tom, of Iowa........................... 22 Hatch, Orrin G., of Utah....................... 13 Levin, Carl, of Michigan....................... 5 Murkowski, Lisa, of Alaska..................... 26 Reed, Jack, of Rhode Island.................... 5 Reid, Harry, of Nevada......................... 5, 7 Sessions, Jeff, of Alabama..................... 20 Udall, Mark, of Colorado....................... 22 Warner, Mark R., of Virginia................... 5 BIOGRAPHY Since first elected in 1980, Arlen Specter has brought rugged individualism and fierce independence learned from his youth on the Kansas plains to become a leading Senate moderate. His work as Philadelphia's tough district attorney gave him insights to write the Terrorist Prosecution Act, the Armed Career Criminal Act, and coauthor the Second Chance Act. His legal background and experience in constitutional law provided the skills to serve as Judiciary chairman during the confirmation hearings of Chief Justice Roberts and Justice Alito. In earlier confirmation hearings he had the courage to cross party lines in opposing Judge Bork and disagreeing with conventional wisdom in supporting Justice Thomas after dissecting the contradictory and highly charged testimony. As a consummate legislator, he has counseled compromise and conciliation in a Congress that has established new records for partisan discord. In foreign affairs, he has advocated dialogue and accommodation as an antidote to belligerency and saber rattling. Arlen Specter's five terms have made him the longest serving U.S. Senator in Pennsylvania's history. A voice of reason, his independence and balance have won endorsements from the AFL-CIO and high marks from the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, the National Association of Manufacturers, and the Americans for Tax Reform. Time magazine listed him among the Ten Best Senators in 2006. Knowlegis rated him the second most powerful Senator in 2006 behind only Majority Leader Bill Frist. A November 11, 2007 Philadelphia Inquirer editorial stated: ''Senator Arlen Specter has more clout than some sovereign nations.'' Senator Specter attributes his zeal for public service to his experience as a child when he saw the government mistreat his father, Harry Specter, who migrated to the United States from Russia in 1911. Private Specter, serving in World War I in the infantry, was seriously wounded in action in France's Argonne Forest. When the government broke its promise to pay World War I veterans a 00 bonus, the veterans marched on Washington. President Hoover called out the Army which fired on and killed veterans on the Mall in one of the blackest days in American history. As a metaphor, Senator Specter says he has been on his way to Washington ever since to get his father's bonus and since he hasn't gotten it yet, he's running for reelection. The incident over his father's bonus has made Arlen Specter a fierce advocate for veterans' benefits and the ''little guy'' in his battles with the Federal Government. From his immigrant parents, Arlen Specter learned work ethics the hard way. His father, Harry Specter, who was a peddler, took 5-year-old Arlen to small Kansas towns selling cantaloupes door to door with a small basket in hand. In his dad's junkyard in Russell, KS, 16-year-old Arlen Specter cut down oil derricks with an acetylene torch and loaded scrap iron into rail freight cars headed for the smelter. His credentials include votes for the line-item veto and a constitutional amendment for a balanced budget. As a two-term Philadelphia district attorney, he fought for tough sentences for tough criminals and later, in the Senate, wrote groundbreaking legislation providing for life sentences for three-time recidivists on violent crimes. Since 1981, he has played a significant role in Supreme Court nomination hearings, for Chief Justice Rehnquist, Justices O'Connor, Scalia, Kennedy, Souter, Thomas, Ginsberg, Breyer, and Judge Bork. Notwithstanding debilitating chemotherapy treatments in 2005, he stayed on the job as chairman of the Judiciary Committee to preside over historic Supreme Court confirmation hearings. His work on the Judiciary Committee has included writing significant legislation on dealing with constitutional law, civil rights, and privacy. As a senior member of the Appropriations Committee, he led the fight to increase funding for the National Institutes of Health from 2 billion to 0 billion to expand medical research to find cures for cancer, heart disease, Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and other maladies. He has supported expanding health care for seniors and children and has proposed legislation to cover the almost 50 million Americans who do not have health insurance. Because Senator Specter is keenly aware of the importance of understanding the younger generation, he often visits and speaks at universities and high schools. He credits his parents, both immigrants, with emphasizing the importance of education which has enabled his brother, two sisters, and himself to share in the American dream. To empower others with access to education, he led the fight on the Appropriations Subcommittee to increase Federal spending by 138 percent and raise funding for scholarships and student loans. Constituent service and promoting Pennsylvania's economic interests have been the hallmarks of Senator Specter's Senate career. He maintained offices in Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Harrisburg, Erie, Scranton, Wilkes-Barre, and the Lehigh Valley to help residents of those areas who needed assistance to cut Washington's redtape. From his experience as a teenager working on a farm in Kansas, the State where he was born, Senator Specter has understood and worked on the problems of Pennsylvania's farmers from his position on the Appropriations Subcommittee on Agriculture. He frequently argues in the International Trade Commission to assist the steel industry from being deluged with unfair foreign imports. His proposed legislation, endorsed by both business and labor, would create a private right of action in Federal courts to stop subsidized or dumped products from being imported into the United States. He has supported the coal industry by promoting legislation for clean coal technology and securing 00 million for a Schuylkill County project to turn sludge into high octane, environmentally safe gasoline. Recognizing the long-term effects of global warming, he has cosponsored the Bingaman-Specter bill to reduce harm from carbon emissions. As chairman of the Intelligence Committee in the 104th Congress and a member of the Appropriations Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, Senator Specter traveled extensively meeting with world leaders including Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev; French President Francois Mitterrand; Israel's Prime Ministers Menachem Begin, Yitzhak Shamir, Yitzhak Rabin, Shimon Peres, Benjamin Netanyahu, Ehud Barak, Ariel Sharon, and Ehud Olmert; China's President Hu Jintao; Indian Prime Minister Singh; Pakistan's Prime Ministers Benazir Bhutto, Mohammad Zia, and Pervez Musharraf; Jordan's Kings Hussein and Abdullah; and Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak. Strongly agreeing with Moshe Dayan's famous statement that we make peace with our enemies not our friends, he has met with Syria's Presidents Hafez al-Assad and Bashar al-Assad; the Palestinian Authority's Chairman Yasser Arafat; Iraq's President Saddam Hussein; Cuba's President Fidel Castro; Libya's Leader Muammar Qadhafi; and Venezuela President Hugo Chavez. From these meetings and his studies of foreign affairs since his undergraduate days at the University of Pennsylvania, where he majored in political science and international relations, Senator Specter has been a forceful advocate for aggressive diplomacy to solve international conflicts. He wrote, with staffer Chris Bradish, an article for the Washington Quarterly (Winter 2006-2007), outlining a blueprint for diplomatic initiatives in the Mideast with emphasis on bilateral negotiations with Iran and Syria. Similarly, he has urged bilateral, as well as multilateral, negotiations with North Korea. Early in his Senate career in 1982, he was among the first to call for a U.S./U.S.S.R. summit in a resolution which passed the Senate 90 to 8. He participated extensively with the Senate observers at the Geneva Arms Reduction talks in the 1980s and led the fight for the broad interpretation of the ABM Treaty. Senator Specter consistently supported appropriations to fight global AIDS and promoted worldwide support for underdeveloped countries including free trade agreements. Arlen Specter was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1980 and served five terms. In 2005, Senator Specter became Pennsylvania's longest serving U.S. Senator. He was a senior member of the Senate Judiciary, Appropriations, and Veterans Affairs Committees. Senator Specter was a member of the Senate Judiciary Committee since he came to the Senate. As such, he played an instrumental role in many of the Senate's most important issues, including the confirmations of Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Jr. and Justice Samuel Alito to serve as Associate Justice on the U.S. Supreme Court. Senator Specter also shepherded through the Judiciary Committee legislation on asbestos litigation reform to absolve what the Supreme Court once called an ''elephantine mass'' clogging our judicial system. Senator Specter has worked in a bipartisan fashion to reauthorize key provisions of the USA PATRIOT Act, an important tool in the U.S. war on terror. He has also authored legislation to help consumers better protect the privacy of their personal information in the face of recurrent data security breaches across the country. On the Judiciary Committee, Senator Specter built on his foundation as a lawyer and former district attorney. He was the author of the Armed Career Criminal Act, which has been praised for its long prison terms for repeat offenders, and the Terrorist Prosecution Act, which authorizes criminal actions in U.S. courts for assaulting, maiming, or murdering Americans anywhere in the world. As a senior member of the Appropriations Committee, Senator Specter was chairman of the Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education. This subcommittee oversees Federal funding for the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Centers for Disease Control, educational programs like Head Start, Pell grants, and GEAR-UP, and worker safety programs. Under his leadership, funding for education has increased by more than 130 percent. Senator Specter was also instrumental in doubling the budget for NIH, which has made major advances in curing Parkinson's, cancer, heart disease, and delaying the onset of Alzheimer's. Finally, Senator Specter is a strong proponent of stem cell research for the purposes of discovering knowledge that may lead to cures for these same ailments. Strengthening our Nation's security has been a longstanding priority of Senator Specter's. Thirty days after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, Senator Specter drafted the legislation that established the Department of Homeland Security. While serving as chairman of the Senate Intelligence Committee in the 104th Congress, he authored the bill creating the Inspector General of the Central Intelligence Agency, marking the only reform legislation to emerge from the Iran-Contra affair. Senator Specter continues his strong advocacy for veterans, a passion born from the first veteran he ever knew, his father, Harry Specter, who was wounded in World War I. As a former chairman of the Veterans Committee, he pushed for just treatment for veterans and increased benefits. Working closely with the Secretary of Veterans Affairs, Senator Specter oversaw the opening of four new veterans outpatient clinics in Fayette, Northampton, Venango, and Warren Counties and passed legislation to create a new veterans cemetery in Southeastern Pennsylvania. A frequent visitor to all of Pennsylvania's 67 counties, Senator Specter places constituent service high on his priorities and has been instrumental on the Appropriations Committee in promoting Pennsylvania's interests in agriculture, high-technology, steel, coal, tourism, mass transit, highways, and military installations. In addition to tackling the major legislative business before the Senate, Senator Specter also engaged in a personal battle with Stage IV-B Hodgkin's lymphoma cancer in 2005 and 2008. In both cases he underwent nearly 5 months of chemotherapy, but still maintained all of his senatorial duties, including chairing hearings, voting, and brokering important legislative initiatives. In July 2008, Senator Specter received his last chemotherapy treatment and has since received a clean bill of health. Senator Specter was born to immigrant parents in Wichita, KS, and grew up in the small town of Russell, KS. He is a Phi Beta Kappa graduate of the University of Pennsylvania and served as an editor of the Yale Law Journal. He began his career in public service as an assistant Philadelphia district attorney. While serving in that position, he was named assistant counsel on the Warren Commission investigation into President Kennedy's assassination. Two years later, Senator Specter was elected district attorney of Philadelphia at the age of 35. Senator Specter lives in Philadelphia with his wife Joan. They have two sons, Shanin and Steve, and four grandchildren, Silvi, Perri, Lilli, and Hatti. Farewell to the Senate Tuesday, December 21, 2010 Mr. SPECTER. Madam President, this is not a farewell address but, rather, a closing argument to a jury of my colleagues and the American people outlining my views on how the Senate and, with it, the Federal Government arrived at its current condition of partisan gridlock, and my suggestions on where we go from here on that pressing problem and the key issues of national and international importance. To make a final floor statement is a challenge. The Washington Post noted the poor attendance at my colleagues' farewell speeches earlier this month. That is really not surprising since there is hardly anyone ever on the Senate floor. The days of lively debate with many Members on the floor are long gone. Abuse of the Senate rules has pretty much stripped Senators of the right to offer amendments. The modern filibuster requires only a threat and no talking. So the Senate's activity for more than a decade has been the virtual continuous drone of a quorum call. But that is not the way it was when Senator Chris Dodd and I were privileged to enter the world's greatest deliberative body 30 years ago. Senators on both sides of the aisle engaged in collegial debate and found ways to find common ground on the Nation's pressing problems. When I attended my first Republican moderates luncheon, I met Mark Hatfield, John Chafee, Ted Stevens, Mac Mathias, Bob Stafford, Bob Packwood, Chuck Percy, Bill Cohen, Warren Rudman, Alan Simpson, Jack Danforth, John Warner, Nancy Kassebaum, Slade Gorton, and I found my colleague John Heinz there. That is a far cry from later years when the moderates could fit into a telephone booth. On the other side of the aisle, I found many Democratic Senators willing to move to the center to craft legislation Date(s) Held: 2010-12-21, 2010-11-30, 2010-12-08, 2010-12-10, 2010-12-15, 2010-12-16, 2010-12-19, 2010-12-21, 2010-12-22 111th Congress, 2nd Session GPO Document Source: CHRG-111shrg64816 Superintendents of Documents ID: Y 4.AP 6/2 Related Items:

xvi, 184 pages ; 21 cm