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Software vulnerabilities, malicious code, and software that does not function as promised pose a substantial risk to the Nation's software-intensive critical infrastructure that provides essential information and services to citizens. Minimizing these risks is the function of software assurance (SwA). Software assurance is the level of confidence that software is free from vulnerabilities, either intentionally designed into the software or accidentally inserted at any time during its life cycle, and that it functions in the intended manner. SwA is a key element of national security and homeland security. Software vulnerabilities jeopardize intellectual property, consumer trust, business operations and services, and a broad spectrum of critical infrastructure. To ensure the integrity of business operations and key assets within critical infrastructure, software must be reliable and secure. The responsibility for SwA must be shared not only by software suppliers in the supply chain but also by the acquirer in the supply chain who purchases the software. There is a concern that acquirers are not aware of this responsibility and are inadequately prepared to support SwA in the acquisition process. This guide provides information on incorporating SwA throughout the acquisition process from the acquisition planning phase to contracting, monitoring and acceptance, and follow-on phases. For each phase, the material covers SwA concepts, recommended strategies, and acquisition management tips. The guide also includes recommended request for proposal and/or contract language and due diligence questionnaires that may be tailored by acquisition officials to facilitate the contract evaluation process.

vi, 370 p. ; 28 cm

417 pages : 23 cm

417 pages : 23 cm

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This guide suggests processes for making informed software selection, describes several prominent software evaluation models, raises key issues in the software selection process, and provides information on a variety of print and organizational resources. The first section, featuring an article by Henry F. Olds, Jr., "Evaluating the Evaluation Schemes," presents several key principles for educators to consider in software evaluation. The second section contains brief summaries of ten software evaluation models from organizations representing both non-profit, cooperative systems, and private companies: (1) MicroSIFT (Microcomputer Software and Information for Teachers); (2) EPIE (Educational Products Information Exchange) and Consumers Union; (3) "School Microware Reviews"; (4)"Courseware Report Card"; (5) Minnesota Educational Computing Consortium (MECC); (6) SOFTSWAP (San Mateo Educational Resources Center); (7) CONDUIT; (8) National Council of Teachers of Mathematics; (9) Scholastic Book Services; and (10) "Electronic Learning." Several of the summaries describe overall strategies for software evaluation, procedures, criteria, and rating systems. The third section includes sample software reviews that show the results of applying criteria and ratings on various dimensions of educational software. The final section provides several resource lists focusing on various aspects of software availability and evaluation. The listings include books, journal articles, periodicals, directories, and other resources. (LMM)

1 v. (various pagings) ; 23 cm

1 v. (various pagings) ; 23 cm

1 v. (various pagings) ; 23 cm

BIODYN-80 is an interactive computer program for solving the dynamic motion response of seated aircrew (pilots or equipment operators) working in a biodynamic environment (such as vibration or changing levels of acceleration in aircraft, surface vehicles, or motion simulators). The multi-degree-of-freedom, lumped-parameter model includes elements for: pelvis, torso, neck, head, eyes, upper and lower arms, hand-grip and control stick (center-stick with arm rest). An active 21-parameter neuromuscular system is operable with either the limb or head control. The eye's image motion dynamics include a 13-parameter model for the fixation and vestibuloocular reflexes. The nonlinear equations of motion of the body's main elements are linearized about a general set of body-limb-head postures, ranging from prone, to erect, to supine. Inputs are vertical or fore-aft accelerations of the seat, while a wide variety of outputs are available, including motions of the shoulder, head, eyes, arm, hand, or control stick. Typical parameter ranges and sources are given, along with two 'typical' sets: a seated-pilot with center-stick, and a seated crewman with hands in lap. The program can be run in a mode interactive with the user, or in a batch mode. The program helps the user load the necessary parameters, and offers a 'quick-look' printer plot of the resulting frequency responses, in standard Bode-plot forms. The program also can produce biomechanical transmissability files needed for use in the Air Force's PIVIB program for tracking performance estimation. Procedures and examples are given for both a Cyber 175 version and a PDP-10 version.

BIODYN-80 is an interactive computer program for solving the dynamic motion response of seated aircrew (pilots or equipment operators) working in a biodynamic environment (such as vibration or changing levels of acceleration in aircraft, surface vehicles, or motion simulators). The multi-degree-of-freedom, lumped-parameter model includes elements for: pelvis, torso, neck, head, eyes, upper and lower arms, hand-grip and control stick (center-stick with arm rest). An active 21-parameter neuromuscular system is operable with either the limb or head control. The eye's image motion dynamics include a 13-parameter model for the fixation and vestibuloocular reflexes. The nonlinear equations of motion of the body's main elements are linearized about a general set of body-limb-head postures, ranging from prone, to erect, to supine. Inputs are vertical or fore-aft accelerations of the seat, while a wide variety of outputs are available, including motions of the shoulder, head, eyes, arm, hand, or control stick. Typical parameter ranges and sources are given, along with two 'typical' sets: a seated-pilot with center-stick, and a seated crewman with hands in lap. The program can be run in a mode interactive with the user, or in a batch mode. The program helps the user load the necessary parameters, and offers a 'quick-look' printer plot of the resulting frequency responses, in standard Bode-plot forms. The program also can produce biomechanical transmissability files needed for use in the Air Force's PIVIB program for tracking performance estimation. Procedures and examples are given for both a Cyber 175 version and a PDP-10 version.

BIODYN-80 is an interactive computer program for solving the dynamic motion response of seated aircrew (pilots or equipment operators) working in a biodynamic environment (such as vibration or changing levels of acceleration in aircraft, surface vehicles, or motion simulators). The multi-degree-of-freedom, lumped-parameter model includes elements for: pelvis, torso, neck, head, eyes, upper and lower arms, hand-grip and control stick (center-stick with arm rest). An active 21-parameter neuromuscular system is operable with either the limb or head control. The eye's image motion dynamics include a 13-parameter model for the fixation and vestibuloocular reflexes. The nonlinear equations of motion of the body's main elements are linearized about a general set of body-limb-head postures, ranging from prone, to erect, to supine. Inputs are vertical or fore-aft accelerations of the seat, while a wide variety of outputs are available, including motions of the shoulder, head, eyes, arm, hand, or control stick. Typical parameter ranges and sources are given, along with two 'typical' sets: a seated-pilot with center-stick, and a seated crewman with hands in lap. The program can be run in a mode interactive with the user, or in a batch mode. The program helps the user load the necessary parameters, and offers a 'quick-look' printer plot of the resulting frequency responses, in standard Bode-plot forms. The program also can produce biomechanical transmissability files needed for use in the Air Force's PIVIB program for tracking performance estimation. Procedures and examples are given for both a Cyber 175 version and a PDP-10 version.

BIODYN-80 is an interactive computer program for solving the dynamic motion response of seated aircrew (pilots or equipment operators) working in a biodynamic environment (such as vibration or changing levels of acceleration in aircraft, surface vehicles, or motion simulators). The multi-degree-of-freedom, lumped-parameter model includes elements for: pelvis, torso, neck, head, eyes, upper and lower arms, hand-grip and control stick (center-stick with arm rest). An active 21-parameter neuromuscular system is operable with either the limb or head control. The eye's image motion dynamics include a 13-parameter model for the fixation and vestibuloocular reflexes. The nonlinear equations of motion of the body's main elements are linearized about a general set of body-limb-head postures, ranging from prone, to erect, to supine. Inputs are vertical or fore-aft accelerations of the seat, while a wide variety of outputs are available, including motions of the shoulder, head, eyes, arm, hand, or control stick. Typical parameter ranges and sources are given, along with two 'typical' sets: a seated-pilot with center-stick, and a seated crewman with hands in lap. The program can be run in a mode interactive with the user, or in a batch mode. The program helps the user load the necessary parameters, and offers a 'quick-look' printer plot of the resulting frequency responses, in standard Bode-plot forms. The program also can produce biomechanical transmissability files needed for use in the Air Force's PIVIB program for tracking performance estimation. Procedures and examples are given for both a Cyber 175 version and a PDP-10 version.

BIODYN-80 is an interactive computer program for solving the dynamic motion response of seated aircrew (pilots or equipment operators) working in a biodynamic environment (such as vibration or changing levels of acceleration in aircraft, surface vehicles, or motion simulators). The multi-degree-of-freedom, lumped-parameter model includes elements for: pelvis, torso, neck, head, eyes, upper and lower arms, hand-grip and control stick (center-stick with arm rest). An active 21-parameter neuromuscular system is operable with either the limb or head control. The eye's image motion dynamics include a 13-parameter model for the fixation and vestibuloocular reflexes. The nonlinear equations of motion of the body's main elements are linearized about a general set of body-limb-head postures, ranging from prone, to erect, to supine. Inputs are vertical or fore-aft accelerations of the seat, while a wide variety of outputs are available, including motions of the shoulder, head, eyes, arm, hand, or control stick. Typical parameter ranges and sources are given, along with two 'typical' sets: a seated-pilot with center-stick, and a seated crewman with hands in lap. The program can be run in a mode interactive with the user, or in a batch mode. The program helps the user load the necessary parameters, and offers a 'quick-look' printer plot of the resulting frequency responses, in standard Bode-plot forms. The program also can produce biomechanical transmissability files needed for use in the Air Force's PIVIB program for tracking performance estimation. Procedures and examples are given for both a Cyber 175 version and a PDP-10 version.

Includes bibliographical references (p. 197-198) and index

BIODYN-80 is an interactive computer program for solving the dynamic motion response of seated aircrew (pilots or equipment operators) working in a biodynamic environment (such as vibration or changing levels of acceleration in aircraft, surface vehicles, or motion simulators). The multi-degree-of-freedom, lumped-parameter model includes elements for: pelvis, torso, neck, head, eyes, upper and lower arms, hand-grip and control stick (center-stick with arm rest). An active 21-parameter neuromuscular system is operable with either the limb or head control. The eye's image motion dynamics include a 13-parameter model for the fixation and vestibuloocular reflexes. The nonlinear equations of motion of the body's main elements are linearized about a general set of body-limb-head postures, ranging from prone, to erect, to supine. Inputs are vertical or fore-aft accelerations of the seat, while a wide variety of outputs are available, including motions of the shoulder, head, eyes, arm, hand, or control stick. Typical parameter ranges and sources are given, along with two 'typical' sets: a seated-pilot with center-stick, and a seated crewman with hands in lap. The program can be run in a mode interactive with the user, or in a batch mode. The program helps the user load the necessary parameters, and offers a 'quick-look' printer plot of the resulting frequency responses, in standard Bode-plot forms. The program also can produce biomechanical transmissability files needed for use in the Air Force's PIVIB program for tracking performance estimation. Procedures and examples are given for both a Cyber 175 version and a PDP-10 version.

BIODYN-80 is an interactive computer program for solving the dynamic motion response of seated aircrew (pilots or equipment operators) working in a biodynamic environment (such as vibration or changing levels of acceleration in aircraft, surface vehicles, or motion simulators). The multi-degree-of-freedom, lumped-parameter model includes elements for: pelvis, torso, neck, head, eyes, upper and lower arms, hand-grip and control stick (center-stick with arm rest). An active 21-parameter neuromuscular system is operable with either the limb or head control. The eye's image motion dynamics include a 13-parameter model for the fixation and vestibuloocular reflexes. The nonlinear equations of motion of the body's main elements are linearized about a general set of body-limb-head postures, ranging from prone, to erect, to supine. Inputs are vertical or fore-aft accelerations of the seat, while a wide variety of outputs are available, including motions of the shoulder, head, eyes, arm, hand, or control stick. Typical parameter ranges and sources are given, along with two 'typical' sets: a seated-pilot with center-stick, and a seated crewman with hands in lap. The program can be run in a mode interactive with the user, or in a batch mode. The program helps the user load the necessary parameters, and offers a 'quick-look' printer plot of the resulting frequency responses, in standard Bode-plot forms. The program also can produce biomechanical transmissability files needed for use in the Air Force's PIVIB program for tracking performance estimation. Procedures and examples are given for both a Cyber 175 version and a PDP-10 version.

BIODYN-80 is an interactive computer program for solving the dynamic motion response of seated aircrew (pilots or equipment operators) working in a biodynamic environment (such as vibration or changing levels of acceleration in aircraft, surface vehicles, or motion simulators). The multi-degree-of-freedom, lumped-parameter model includes elements for: pelvis, torso, neck, head, eyes, upper and lower arms, hand-grip and control stick (center-stick with arm rest). An active 21-parameter neuromuscular system is operable with either the limb or head control. The eye's image motion dynamics include a 13-parameter model for the fixation and vestibuloocular reflexes. The nonlinear equations of motion of the body's main elements are linearized about a general set of body-limb-head postures, ranging from prone, to erect, to supine. Inputs are vertical or fore-aft accelerations of the seat, while a wide variety of outputs are available, including motions of the shoulder, head, eyes, arm, hand, or control stick. Typical parameter ranges and sources are given, along with two 'typical' sets: a seated-pilot with center-stick, and a seated crewman with hands in lap. The program can be run in a mode interactive with the user, or in a batch mode. The program helps the user load the necessary parameters, and offers a 'quick-look' printer plot of the resulting frequency responses, in standard Bode-plot forms. The program also can produce biomechanical transmissability files needed for use in the Air Force's PIVIB program for tracking performance estimation. Procedures and examples are given for both a Cyber 175 version and a PDP-10 version.

This article is from Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry , volume 10 . Abstract Synthetic biologists wishing to self-assemble large DNA (L-DNA) constructs from small DNA fragments made by automated synthesis need fragments that hybridize predictably. Such predictability is difficult to obtain with nucleotides built from just the four standard nucleotides. Natural DNA's peculiar combination of strong and weak G:C and A:T pairs, the context-dependence of the strengths of those pairs, unimolecular strand folding that competes with desired interstrand hybridization, and non-Watson–Crick interactions available to standard DNA, all contribute to this unpredictability. In principle, adding extra nucleotides to the genetic alphabet can improve the predictability and reliability of autonomous DNA self-assembly, simply by increasing the information density of oligonucleotide sequences. These extra nucleotides are now available as parts of artificially expanded genetic information systems (AEGIS), and tools are now available to generate entirely standard DNA from AEGIS DNA during PCR amplification. Here, we describe the OligArch (for "oligonucleotide architecting") software, an application that permits synthetic biologists to engineer optimally self-assembling DNA constructs from both six- and eight-letter AEGIS alphabets. This software has been used to design oligonucleotides that self-assemble to form complete genes from 20 or more single-stranded synthetic oligonucleotides. OligArch is therefore a key element of a scalable and integrated infrastructure for the rapid and designed engineering of biology.

This article is from Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry , volume 10 . Abstract Synthetic biologists wishing to self-assemble large DNA (L-DNA) constructs from small DNA fragments made by automated synthesis need fragments that hybridize predictably. Such predictability is difficult to obtain with nucleotides built from just the four standard nucleotides. Natural DNA's peculiar combination of strong and weak G:C and A:T pairs, the context-dependence of the strengths of those pairs, unimolecular strand folding that competes with desired interstrand hybridization, and non-Watson–Crick interactions available to standard DNA, all contribute to this unpredictability. In principle, adding extra nucleotides to the genetic alphabet can improve the predictability and reliability of autonomous DNA self-assembly, simply by increasing the information density of oligonucleotide sequences. These extra nucleotides are now available as parts of artificially expanded genetic information systems (AEGIS), and tools are now available to generate entirely standard DNA from AEGIS DNA during PCR amplification. Here, we describe the OligArch (for "oligonucleotide architecting") software, an application that permits synthetic biologists to engineer optimally self-assembling DNA constructs from both six- and eight-letter AEGIS alphabets. This software has been used to design oligonucleotides that self-assemble to form complete genes from 20 or more single-stranded synthetic oligonucleotides. OligArch is therefore a key element of a scalable and integrated infrastructure for the rapid and designed engineering of biology.

This report is a programmer's guide to the software developed for the Bounding Movement behavior implemented on the ATRV-Jr platforms. The Bounding Movement algorithm is documented and a detailed example is provided for other researchers trying to develop computer programs for the iRobot platforms. An overview of the behavior algorithm details on the computer code developed to implement the algorithm, and a discussion of future research are also provided.

This report is a programmer's guide to the software developed for the Bounding Movement behavior implemented on the ATRV-Jr platforms. The Bounding Movement algorithm is documented and a detailed example is provided for other researchers trying to develop computer programs for the iRobot platforms. An overview of the behavior algorithm details on the computer code developed to implement the algorithm, and a discussion of future research are also provided.

This report is a programmer's guide to the software developed for the Bounding Movement behavior implemented on the ATRV-Jr platforms. The Bounding Movement algorithm is documented and a detailed example is provided for other researchers trying to develop computer programs for the iRobot platforms. An overview of the behavior algorithm details on the computer code developed to implement the algorithm, and a discussion of future research are also provided.

This report is a programmer's guide to the software developed for the Bounding Movement behavior implemented on the ATRV-Jr platforms. The Bounding Movement algorithm is documented and a detailed example is provided for other researchers trying to develop computer programs for the iRobot platforms. An overview of the behavior algorithm details on the computer code developed to implement the algorithm, and a discussion of future research are also provided.

The objective of this technical note is to demonstrate, by way of example(s), how to use the Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) implementation of the Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) and Secant LM (SLM) method for model independent parameter estimation to calibrate a Gridded Surface Subsurface Hydrologic Analysis (GSSHA) hydrologic model. The purpose is not to present or focus on the theory which underlies the parameter estimation method(s), but rather to carefully describe how to use the ERDC software implementation of the secant LM method that accommodates the PEST model independent interface to calibrate a GSSHA hydrologic model. We will consider variations of our Secant LM (SLM) implementation in attempts to provide the interested reader with an intuitive sense of how the method works. We will also demonstrate how our LM/SLM implementation compares with its counterparts as implemented in the popular PEST software.

Modernization of Department of Defense (DoD) weapon systems has resulted in an ever-increasing dependence on software. Despite technological advances in the software field, software development remains costly and one of the highest risk factors on most weapon system programs. The use of software metrics is a methodology for mitigating this uncertainty so that software development progresses under informed decision making. Software metrics are essential tracking tools used by program managers to monitor and control risk areas. However, the choice of metrics for a program is critical to their usefulness. This research provides a guide to acquisition managers on selecting the most effective metrics to use in management of weapon system software. The study identifies key issues in the use of software metrics experienced by program managers. The study recommends a revised set of metrics and improvements to the use of metrics based on innovations and improvements in the software field as well as software estimation tools that facilitate the use of these software metrics.

Modernization of Department of Defense (DoD) weapon systems has resulted in an ever-increasing dependence on software. Despite technological advances in the software field, software development remains costly and one of the highest risk factors on most weapon system programs. The use of software metrics is a methodology for mitigating this uncertainty so that software development progresses under informed decision making. Software metrics are essential tracking tools used by program managers to monitor and control risk areas. However, the choice of metrics for a program is critical to their usefulness. This research provides a guide to acquisition managers on selecting the most effective metrics to use in management of weapon system software. The study identifies key issues in the use of software metrics experienced by program managers. The study recommends a revised set of metrics and improvements to the use of metrics based on innovations and improvements in the software field as well as software estimation tools that facilitate the use of these software metrics.

Senate Bill 22-192, titled Opportunities for Credential Attainment called on the Colorado Department of Higher Education (CDHE) to work collaboratively with other state agencies, institutions of higher education (IHEs), employers and other stakeholders to build 10 stackable credential pathways across five high-value, high-demand industries between 2023 and 2025. Stackable credential pathways are defined as "...a sequence of credentials earned through various means, including through assessment of prior learning, that may be accumulated over time and move an individual along a career pathway or up a career ladder." In addition to these 10 pathways, CDHE was to also develop a framework for evaluating the quality of non-degree credentials built into the pathways. The four stackable credential pathways in healthcare and software development were approved by the Colorado Commission on Higher Education in early June 2024. This report shares these pathways as well as recommendations from the industry-specific stakeholder leadership teams that built these pathways. This report also provides best practices in stackable credential pathways development as a guide to others as they work to develop thoughtful pathways from non-degree credentials through next-level education and career opportunities in additional industries and sectors.

The electrical Analysis Software System (EASS) was developed to statistically analyze Naval activity electrical consumption. The software utilizes two data sources, the Facilities Systems Office Naval Facility Assets/Master Activity General Information and Control data base and the Defense Energy Information System II data base. The commercial statistical regression package called Biomedical Computer Programs is used in conjunction with EASS. The FORTRAN source code is included in the text.

The electrical Analysis Software System (EASS) was developed to statistically analyze Naval activity electrical consumption. The software utilizes two data sources, the Facilities Systems Office Naval Facility Assets/Master Activity General Information and Control data base and the Defense Energy Information System II data base. The commercial statistical regression package called Biomedical Computer Programs is used in conjunction with EASS. The FORTRAN source code is included in the text.

The electrical Analysis Software System (EASS) was developed to statistically analyze Naval activity electrical consumption. The software utilizes two data sources, the Facilities Systems Office Naval Facility Assets/Master Activity General Information and Control data base and the Defense Energy Information System II data base. The commercial statistical regression package called Biomedical Computer Programs is used in conjunction with EASS. The FORTRAN source code is included in the text.

The electrical Analysis Software System (EASS) was developed to statistically analyze Naval activity electrical consumption. The software utilizes two data sources, the Facilities Systems Office Naval Facility Assets/Master Activity General Information and Control data base and the Defense Energy Information System II data base. The commercial statistical regression package called Biomedical Computer Programs is used in conjunction with EASS. The FORTRAN source code is included in the text.

The electrical Analysis Software System (EASS) was developed to statistically analyze Naval activity electrical consumption. The software utilizes two data sources, the Facilities Systems Office Naval Facility Assets/Master Activity General Information and Control data base and the Defense Energy Information System II data base. The commercial statistical regression package called Biomedical Computer Programs is used in conjunction with EASS. The FORTRAN source code is included in the text.

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A+ Guide To Software. Managing, Maintaining And Troubleshooting

A+ Guide To Software. Managing, Maintaining And Troubleshooting

A+ Guide To Software. Managing, Maintaining And Troubleshooting

A+ Guide To Software. Managing, Maintaining And Troubleshooting

A+ Guide To Software. Managing, Maintaining And Troubleshooting

A+ Guide To Software. Managing, Maintaining And Troubleshooting

Software engineering tools are computer programs that assist people in doing the work of software engineering. As understanding of the software engineering process has broadened and the need to solve problems has intensified, there has been increasing interest in using software engineering tools. Understanding what a tool does and comparing it to similar tools are difficult tasks given the diversity of functionality that exists. This report describes a tool classification technique that helps those investigating tools decide where a tool fits in the software engineering process and identify what a tool does or doesn't do. It also provides guidance to the tool evaluation process and lists specific criteria that should be considered when evaluating tools.

BIODYN-80 is an interactive computer program for solving the dynamic motion response of seated aircrew (pilots or equipment operators) working in a biodynamic environment (such as vibration or changing levels of acceleration in aircraft, surface vehicles, or motion simulators). The multi-degree-of-freedom, lumped-parameter model includes elements for: pelvis, torso, neck, head, eyes, upper and lower arms, hand-grip and control stick (center-stick with arm rest). An active 21-parameter neuromuscular system is operable with either the limb or head control. The eye's image motion dynamics include a 13-parameter model for the fixation and vestibuloocular reflexes. The nonlinear equations of motion of the body's main elements are linearized about a general set of body-limb-head postures, ranging from prone, to erect, to supine. Inputs are vertical or fore-aft accelerations of the seat, while a wide variety of outputs are available, including motions of the shoulder, head, eyes, arm, hand, or control stick. Typical parameter ranges and sources are given, along with two 'typical' sets: a seated-pilot with center-stick, and a seated crewman with hands in lap. The program can be run in a mode interactive with the user, or in a batch mode. The program helps the user load the necessary parameters, and offers a 'quick-look' printer plot of the resulting frequency responses, in standard Bode-plot forms. The program also can produce biomechanical transmissability files needed for use in the Air Force's PIVIB program for tracking performance estimation. Procedures and examples are given for both a Cyber 175 version and a PDP-10 version.

BIODYN-80 is an interactive computer program for solving the dynamic motion response of seated aircrew (pilots or equipment operators) working in a biodynamic environment (such as vibration or changing levels of acceleration in aircraft, surface vehicles, or motion simulators). The multi-degree-of-freedom, lumped-parameter model includes elements for: pelvis, torso, neck, head, eyes, upper and lower arms, hand-grip and control stick (center-stick with arm rest). An active 21-parameter neuromuscular system is operable with either the limb or head control. The eye's image motion dynamics include a 13-parameter model for the fixation and vestibuloocular reflexes. The nonlinear equations of motion of the body's main elements are linearized about a general set of body-limb-head postures, ranging from prone, to erect, to supine. Inputs are vertical or fore-aft accelerations of the seat, while a wide variety of outputs are available, including motions of the shoulder, head, eyes, arm, hand, or control stick. Typical parameter ranges and sources are given, along with two 'typical' sets: a seated-pilot with center-stick, and a seated crewman with hands in lap. The program can be run in a mode interactive with the user, or in a batch mode. The program helps the user load the necessary parameters, and offers a 'quick-look' printer plot of the resulting frequency responses, in standard Bode-plot forms. The program also can produce biomechanical transmissability files needed for use in the Air Force's PIVIB program for tracking performance estimation. Procedures and examples are given for both a Cyber 175 version and a PDP-10 version.

BIODYN-80 is an interactive computer program for solving the dynamic motion response of seated aircrew (pilots or equipment operators) working in a biodynamic environment (such as vibration or changing levels of acceleration in aircraft, surface vehicles, or motion simulators). The multi-degree-of-freedom, lumped-parameter model includes elements for: pelvis, torso, neck, head, eyes, upper and lower arms, hand-grip and control stick (center-stick with arm rest). An active 21-parameter neuromuscular system is operable with either the limb or head control. The eye's image motion dynamics include a 13-parameter model for the fixation and vestibuloocular reflexes. The nonlinear equations of motion of the body's main elements are linearized about a general set of body-limb-head postures, ranging from prone, to erect, to supine. Inputs are vertical or fore-aft accelerations of the seat, while a wide variety of outputs are available, including motions of the shoulder, head, eyes, arm, hand, or control stick. Typical parameter ranges and sources are given, along with two 'typical' sets: a seated-pilot with center-stick, and a seated crewman with hands in lap. The program can be run in a mode interactive with the user, or in a batch mode. The program helps the user load the necessary parameters, and offers a 'quick-look' printer plot of the resulting frequency responses, in standard Bode-plot forms. The program also can produce biomechanical transmissability files needed for use in the Air Force's PIVIB program for tracking performance estimation. Procedures and examples are given for both a Cyber 175 version and a PDP-10 version.

BIODYN-80 is an interactive computer program for solving the dynamic motion response of seated aircrew (pilots or equipment operators) working in a biodynamic environment (such as vibration or changing levels of acceleration in aircraft, surface vehicles, or motion simulators). The multi-degree-of-freedom, lumped-parameter model includes elements for: pelvis, torso, neck, head, eyes, upper and lower arms, hand-grip and control stick (center-stick with arm rest). An active 21-parameter neuromuscular system is operable with either the limb or head control. The eye's image motion dynamics include a 13-parameter model for the fixation and vestibuloocular reflexes. The nonlinear equations of motion of the body's main elements are linearized about a general set of body-limb-head postures, ranging from prone, to erect, to supine. Inputs are vertical or fore-aft accelerations of the seat, while a wide variety of outputs are available, including motions of the shoulder, head, eyes, arm, hand, or control stick. Typical parameter ranges and sources are given, along with two 'typical' sets: a seated-pilot with center-stick, and a seated crewman with hands in lap. The program can be run in a mode interactive with the user, or in a batch mode. The program helps the user load the necessary parameters, and offers a 'quick-look' printer plot of the resulting frequency responses, in standard Bode-plot forms. The program also can produce biomechanical transmissability files needed for use in the Air Force's PIVIB program for tracking performance estimation. Procedures and examples are given for both a Cyber 175 version and a PDP-10 version.

BIODYN-80 is an interactive computer program for solving the dynamic motion response of seated aircrew (pilots or equipment operators) working in a biodynamic environment (such as vibration or changing levels of acceleration in aircraft, surface vehicles, or motion simulators). The multi-degree-of-freedom, lumped-parameter model includes elements for: pelvis, torso, neck, head, eyes, upper and lower arms, hand-grip and control stick (center-stick with arm rest). An active 21-parameter neuromuscular system is operable with either the limb or head control. The eye's image motion dynamics include a 13-parameter model for the fixation and vestibuloocular reflexes. The nonlinear equations of motion of the body's main elements are linearized about a general set of body-limb-head postures, ranging from prone, to erect, to supine. Inputs are vertical or fore-aft accelerations of the seat, while a wide variety of outputs are available, including motions of the shoulder, head, eyes, arm, hand, or control stick. Typical parameter ranges and sources are given, along with two 'typical' sets: a seated-pilot with center-stick, and a seated crewman with hands in lap. The program can be run in a mode interactive with the user, or in a batch mode. The program helps the user load the necessary parameters, and offers a 'quick-look' printer plot of the resulting frequency responses, in standard Bode-plot forms. The program also can produce biomechanical transmissability files needed for use in the Air Force's PIVIB program for tracking performance estimation. Procedures and examples are given for both a Cyber 175 version and a PDP-10 version.

BIODYN-80 is an interactive computer program for solving the dynamic motion response of seated aircrew (pilots or equipment operators) working in a biodynamic environment (such as vibration or changing levels of acceleration in aircraft, surface vehicles, or motion simulators). The multi-degree-of-freedom, lumped-parameter model includes elements for: pelvis, torso, neck, head, eyes, upper and lower arms, hand-grip and control stick (center-stick with arm rest). An active 21-parameter neuromuscular system is operable with either the limb or head control. The eye's image motion dynamics include a 13-parameter model for the fixation and vestibuloocular reflexes. The nonlinear equations of motion of the body's main elements are linearized about a general set of body-limb-head postures, ranging from prone, to erect, to supine. Inputs are vertical or fore-aft accelerations of the seat, while a wide variety of outputs are available, including motions of the shoulder, head, eyes, arm, hand, or control stick. Typical parameter ranges and sources are given, along with two 'typical' sets: a seated-pilot with center-stick, and a seated crewman with hands in lap. The program can be run in a mode interactive with the user, or in a batch mode. The program helps the user load the necessary parameters, and offers a 'quick-look' printer plot of the resulting frequency responses, in standard Bode-plot forms. The program also can produce biomechanical transmissability files needed for use in the Air Force's PIVIB program for tracking performance estimation. Procedures and examples are given for both a Cyber 175 version and a PDP-10 version.