Working Memory Capacity For Continuous Events: An Improved Measure - Info and Reading Options

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Episodic memories for naturalistic events take the form of a sequence of experience units (EUs)—each representing a moment of the past experience—that are separated by temporal discontinuities (i.e., moments that are not remembered; D’Argembeau et al., 2022). Because of these discontinuities, the time taken to mentally re-experience everyday activities is typically shorter than their actual duration (i.e., episodic memories are temporally compressed; Jeunehomme et al., 2018; Jeunehomme & D’Argembeau, 2019). The cognitive mechanisms leading to this structure of episodic memories are not fully understood, especially factors that might explain temporal discontinuities. A consistent body of research suggests that these discontinuities result from the way we perceive continuous events and integrate them in long term-memory. More precisely, temporal discontinuities could be a byproduct of the limit of working memory capacity in representing continuous events. We started to test this hypothesis in a recent study (https://osf.io/4hxzs) during which we measured the time taken by participants to mentally replay just-seen continuous events of varying duration (from 3 to 15 s). As hypothesised, short events were not temporally compressed during mental replay while longer events were. These results suggest that the temporal compression of events is not systematic but emerges when they are too long to be fully held in working memory. Nevertheless, unexpectedly, the average remembering duration for the 3-s events was significantly higher than 3 s. This could be explained by the fact that remembering durations (measured by asking participants to press a key when they started and finished their mental replay) could reflect the combined durations of two distinct mental processes: the time needed to mentally replay the unfolding of the event (what we wanted to investigate) and the time taken to access the initial memory trace (i.e., the time needed to represent the initial visual scene from which the participants had to mentally replay the subsequent unfolding of the event). In this study, our aim is to propose a new measure of remembering duration that controls for the time needed to access the initial memory trace in order to better characterize the impact of event duration on the temporal compression of events in memory. This measure will allow us to acquire better estimations of working memory temporal capacity for continuous events.

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