Understanding The Link Between Eating Disorders And Autism: Do Socially Stressful Situations Lead To A Greater Increase In Disordered Eating Behaviours In Autistic Individuals Compared With Non-autistic Controls? - Info and Reading Options

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A large proportion of people with eating disorders (EDs) are autistic, with comorbidity rates estimated up to 37% (Brede et al., 2020; Westwood & Tchanturia, 2017). In recent years, interest in the link between these conditions has grown rapidly, such that in 2020 the ‘Pathway for Eating disorders and Autism developed from Clinical Experience’ (PEACE) was developed, with the aim of training clinicians working within ED services to better understand and support their autistic clients (Tchanturia et al., 2020). Nonetheless, recovery rates for autistic adults with an ED remain poorer than the general population (Nielsen et al., 2015; Tchanturia et al., 2019), therefore urgent attention is needed to better understand how to meet the needs of these individuals. However, very little is known about why autistic people are so overrepresented within ED services. According to Brede et al. (2020), they may be more vulnerable than the general population to the development and maintenance of EDs for a number of reasons, including social difficulties; whereby it is hypothesized that ED behaviours may develop in autistic individuals as a response to social stress. This theory is underpinned by evidence that autistic people respond differently to social stress (Corbett et al., 2012), while social stress has also been found to increase ED-related behaviours – namely, decreasing the desire to eat - in people with EDs (Monteleone et al., 2020; Monteleone et al., 2018). However, the link between social stress and ED-related behaviour in autistic people has not been tested empirically. This study therefore aims to test whether exposing autistic individuals to a socially stressful situation leads to an increase in ED-related behaviours (e.g. reduced desire to eat, reduced hunger, increased desire to restrict intake, increased desire to purge, increased desire to exercise excessively) compared with a non-autistic control group. This study aims to test whether there exists a direct link between social stress and disordered eating in autistic adults, to provide evidence for Brede et al.’s (2020) theory.

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