The computer and the brain

"The computer and the brain" Table Of Contents:

• 1- THE COMPUTER
• 2- The Analog Procedure
• 3- The Conventional Basic Operations
• 4- Unusual Basic Operations 4
• 5- The Digital Procedure
• 6- Markers, Their Combinations and Embodiments
• 7- Digital Machine Types and Their Basic Components
• 8- Parallel and Serial Schemes
• 9- The Conventional Basic Operations
• 10- Logical Control
• 11- Plugged Control
• 12- Logical Tape Control
• 13- The Principle of Only One Organ for Each Basic Operation
• 14- The Consequent Need for a Special Memory Organ
• 15- Control by ``Control Sequence'' Points
• 16- Memory-Stored Control
• 17- Modus Operandi of the Memory-Stored Control
• 18- Mixed Forms of Control
• 19- Mixed Numerical Procedures
• 20- Mixed Representations of Numbers. Machines Built on This Basis
• 21- Precision
• 22- Reasons for the High (Digital) Precision Requirements
• 23- Characteristics of Modern Analog Machines
• 24- Characteristics of Modern Digital Machines
• 25- Active Components; Questions of Speed
• 26- Number of Active Components Required
• 27- Memory Organs. Access Times and Memory Capacities
• 28- Memory Registers Built from Active Organs
• 29- The Hierarchic Principle for Memory Organs
• 30- Memory Components; Questions of Access
• 31- Complexities of the Concept of Access Time
• 32- The Principle of Direct Addressing
• 33- THE BRAIN
• 34- Simplified Description of the Function of the Neuron
• 35- The Nature of the Nerve Impulse
• 36- The Process of Stimulation
• 37- The Mechanism of Stimulating Pulses by Pulses; Its Digital Character
• 38- Time Characteristics of Nerve Response, Fatigue, and Recovery
• 39- Size of Neuron. Comparisons with Artificial Components
• 40- Energy Dissipation. Comparisons with Artificial Components
• 41- Summary of Comparisons
• 42- Stimulation Criteria
• 43- The Simplest-Elementary Logical
• 44- More Complicated Stimulation Criteria
• 45- The Threshold
• 46- The Summation Time
• 47- Stimulation Criteria for Receptors
• 48- The Problem of Memory within the Nervous System
• 49- Principles for Estimating the Capacity of the Memory in the Nervous System
• 50- Memory Capacity Estimates with These Stipulations
• 51- Various Possible Physical Embodiments of the Memory
• 52- Analogies with Artificial Computing Machines
• 53- The Underlying Componentry of the Memory Need Not Be the Same as That of the Basic Active Organs
• 54- Digital and Analog Parts in the Nervous System
• 55- Role of the Genetic Mechanism in the Above Context
• 56- Codes and Their Role in the Control of the Functioning of a Machine
• 57- The Concept of a Complete Code
• 58- The Concept of a Short Code
• 59- The Function of a Short Code
• 60- The Logical Structure of the Nervous System
• 61- Importance of the Numerical Procedures
• 62- Interaction of Numerical Procedures with Logic
• 63- Reasons for Expecting High Precision Requirements
• 64- Nature of the System of Notations Employed: Not Digital but Statistical
• 65- Arithmetical Deterioration. Roles of Arithmetical and Logical Depths
• 66- Arithmetical Precision or Logical Reliability, Alternatives
• 67- Other Statistical Traits of the Message System That Could Be Used
• 68- The Language of the Brain Not the Language of Mathematics

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