Testing Competitive Worldviews As A Mediator Of The Relation Between Narcissism, Empathy, And Counter-Empathy By Manipulating The Mediator - Info and Reading Options

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Trait narcissism predicts adverse behaviours such as aggression, violence (Kjærvik & Bushman, 2021), and risk-taking (Leder et al., 2020). Furthermore, narcissism’s association with a lack of empathy (Urbonaviciute & Hepper, 2020) predicts adverse behaviours, such as offending rates (Hepper et al., 2014). On the other hand, narcissistic individuals are capable of acting empathetically towards others, but may not be motivated or skilled at doing so (Hepper et al., 2014; Kang & Lakshmanan, 2018). Consequently, it is still uncertain what drives narcissistic individuals’ lack of concern for others. Recent research suggests that social worldviews, especially a competitive worldview, may play a vital role in understanding narcissistic attitudes and behaviours, such as ideological attitudes (Zeigler-Hill et al., 2021; Zeigler-Hill et al, 2020), lack of trust (Dehaghi & Zeigler-Hill, 2021), risk-taking (Beigi & Zeigler-Hill, 2021), and pursuit of status (Zeigler-Hill et al., 2021). We are therefore interested in the possibility that narcissistic individuals may lack concern for others because of their tendency to view the world as a highly competitive environment and other people as primarily competitors. We propose to test whether different expressions of narcissism relate to empathy (negatively) and counter-empathy (positively) due to narcissistic individuals’ competitive worldviews. We recently completed a questionnaire-based study providing some evidence for this possibility, but we propose to test this question using an experimental design to test the mediation models. We predict that higher levels of all expressions of narcissism will be related to lower empathy and higher counter-empathy. Participants’ will read information designed to encourage a competitive worldview or that is unrelated to a competitive worldview (control). We expect narcissism in the control condition to relate positively to competitive worldview, positively to counter-empathy and negatively to empathy, replicating our earlier findings. We also predict that when competitive worldviews are induced to be high, all participants, regardless of their level of narcissism will be less empathetic, reducing the relation between narcissism and empathy. Specifically, when competitive worldviews are encouraged, they should be increased most for individuals low in narcissism, making them less empathetic, reducing the relation between narcissism and empathy. In addition, the manipulation of competitive worldviews should directly impact mean levels of empathy and counter-empathy. This pattern of results would support a mediation model in which the relation between narcissism and empathy is due to competitive worldview.

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