Mapping Human Brain Development In High Definition Using Invasive Electrophysiology - Info and Reading Options

The Internet Archive:

Neural oscillations evolve during development in parallel to changes in cognition and brain structure, making their study central to understanding brain development (Cellier et al., 2021; Smit et al., 2011; Uhlhaas et al., 2010). To date, developmental research on oscillations has primarily used scalp-EEG (cf. Johnson et al., 2022; Yin et al., 2020). However, scalp-EEG does not access medial brain regions, such as those known to be critical to memory, and offers low spatial resolution (e.g., Ofen et al., 2019). To overcome these limitations, the current preregistration capitalizes on a unique opportunity to analyse EEG data recorded directly from the brains of neurosurgical patients being invasively monitored for seizure management. Intracranial EEG (iEEG) provides unparalleled access to the human brain with millisecond temporal and millimetre spatial resolution, and signal-to-noise ratio traditionally limited to animal neurophysiology (Johnson et al., 2020; Johnson & Knight, 2015; Ofen et al., 2019; Parvizi & Kastner, 2018). With seizure activity removed, iEEG represents healthy neural activity (Liu & Parvizi, 2019; Rossini et al., 2017). This preregistration aims to map human brain development by leveraging rare paediatric and adult iEEG recordings. Using task-based (i.e., attention to to-be-remembered visual stimuli) and task-free (i.e., resting-state) data from approximately 90 iEEG patients aged 5-55 years, we will map functional brain development in high definition by quantifying oscillatory (periodic) and aperiodic signatures of brain activity across the human cortex. By recording directly from medial temporal and prefrontal cortices, a recent landmark study revealed that there is a speeding up and slowing down of two distinct theta oscillations from age 5 to 21 years (Johnson et al., 2022). However, while this dissociation in theta oscillations mirrors both the structural maturation of the cortex and developmental improvements in cognition (e.g., memory, attention), it was not found to be directly associated with developmental differences in memory performance. As argued by the authors, differentiation of theta oscillations in key memory structures may reflect a core aspect of brain development. To comprehensively test this proposal, this preregistration examines lifespan variability in oscillatory peaks across the 1-30 Hz spectrum, across the cortex, across task-based and task-free contexts, and in a large sample size. Aperiodic signals will also be examined to model “background” neural activity, which indexes excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance, and is often ignored in developmental work and has only recently gained traction in adult work (e.g., Bornkessel-Schlesewsky et al., 2022; Cross et al., 2022; Ouyang et al., 2020; Waschke et al., 2021). For example, the aperiodic slope is associated with healthy aging compared to age-related cognitive decline (Merkin et al., 2023), and thus may be a critical marker of brain development (Schaworonkow & Voytek, 2021). The aperiodic component is also characterised by its spectral offset, with a higher offset correlated with increased neuronal population spiking (Manning et al., 2009; Miller et al., 2012), as well as the BOLD signal (Jacob et al., 2021; Winawer et al., 2013). Additionally, structural MRI data – specifically regional grey matter volume – will be correlated with age-related changes in regional peak oscillatory and aperiodic activity, as well as memory performance. Taken together, this study will develop a comprehensive, neurobiologically informed model of human cortical development by combining task-based and task-free neural activity from iEEG, quantifying their relationship with memory outcomes and brain structure, and tracking developmental differences from childhood to late middle adulthood.

Search for “Mapping Human Brain Development In High Definition Using Invasive Electrophysiology” downloads:

Visit our Downloads Search page to see if downloads are available.

Find “Mapping Human Brain Development In High Definition Using Invasive Electrophysiology” in Libraries Near You:

Read or borrow “Mapping Human Brain Development In High Definition Using Invasive Electrophysiology” from your local library.

• The WorldCat Libraries Catalog: Find a copy of “Mapping Human Brain Development In High Definition Using Invasive Electrophysiology” at a library near you.