Embodiment Of Manipulation-based Knowledge Of Object Concepts Across The Autism Spectrum: Evidence From Eye-tracking - Info and Reading Options

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This plan was created on April 1, 2019, but not formally registered until May 10, 2020. We outline specifically where we have deviated from the original plan. The original plan is available by request (https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Z1IJhWZ6Wcaf6t6Ju3WK6kguZD_luwBpe22dIjtSoAA/edit?usp=sharing). Please request access to see full version history. When a concept is experienced, its semantic features are primed. This activation of features leads to priming effects for later experiences of the same concept. Therefore, when primed with the word green, a picture of a cucumber in an array of red objects will be processed more quickly in the brain because of the earlier exposure to the green. During language comprehension, priming effects can be observed in an object identification task when one object influences a response to a subsequent object with similar semantic features. This study will look at semantic manipulation features, such as the rotation of one's hand while using a screwdriver. Evidence for the activation of manipulation features was found in Myung et al.’s (2006) eye-tracking study. They showed that being presented typewriter can prime piano because of similar finger manipulations. Additionally, it was discovered that participants with apraxia, a disorder that involves motor deficits, did not show the same manipulation effect (Myung et al. 2010). In this study, adults with high versus low autism traits (as measured by the AQ) will perform an object identification task while their eye movements are tracked. This study will test if the overlap of conceptual representations in manipulation features of objects activates the same priming effects in adults with high ASD traits, as measured by the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ; Baron-Cohen et al., 2001). Differences between participants with high AQ versus low AQ scores in the activation of specific semantic features should be evident during this task, with the high-scoring AQ participants looking less to the manipulation-related items (i.e. the target word “lighter”) when primed with its analogous pair (i.e. “stopwatch”).

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