Effects Of Semantics And Expected Size For Object-Scene Relationships In Natural Scenes - Info and Reading Options

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Contextual, semantic, and statistical relationships within a scene shape our understanding of the scene and are used to optimize perceptual processing. Knowledge and expectations regarding scenes and scene elements directly informs our interpretation of the scene, and subsequent behavior in the scene (e.g. object localization, navigation). Representations of commonly encountered environments (e.g. kitchen) built over numerous encounters can promote for example efficient object localization of canonical objects (e.g. microwave). In fact, previous studies have shown that semantic features of objects and scenes guide eye movements and improve visual search (Võ, 2021). Here, we specifically manipulate the expected size of a target object relative to the scene (i.e. canonical size of a pot in a kitchen), which is known as object-scene scale consistency, and aim to quantify its role on perceptual processing. Participants will complete a gabor discrimination task for a gabor placed atop an object in the scene (shown on either the right or left side of the scene). Critically, the object will vary in size (canonical, too large) and in semantic congruency (i.e. a pot belongs in a kitchen, but is semantically incongruent if placed in a classroom). On each trial participants see a real-world indoor scene with the object embedded on a surface either on the left or right side of the scene. The gabor is placed atop this object oriented horizontally or vertically. Analyses on reaction time will reveal the role, if any, object-scene scaling and semantic congruency play in facilitating attention and scene processing. We predict that if the object is semantically and/or size (object-scene scale) incongruent, that an impediment to performance (RT) will be observed. We leverage artificial intelligence within Photoshop to manipulate object-scene scaling bidirectionally in real-world scenes and objects to test the impact of object-scene semantics and scale on responses. Based on previous neuroimaging work the transverse occipital sulcus (TOS) has shown neural selectivity to object-size relationships. Future steps include translating this behavioral paradigm into a TMS experiment to further investigate the neural mechanism behind object-scene scaling and semantics.

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