Downloads & Free Reading Options - Results

Sudanese-British social media creator Hadeal Abdelatti has been using TikTok to update her large following about what’s happening in Sudan. She discusses how users have engaged with her Sudan content, explaining the need for people to know what’s happening following the coup. Subscribe to our channel: http://ow.ly/AVlW30n1OWH Middle East Eye Website: https://middleeasteye.net Like us on Facebook: https://facebook.com/MiddleEastEye Follow us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/MiddleEastEye Follow us on Instagram: https://instagram.com/MiddleEastEye

We examine the uncertainties in two plasma parameters from their true values in a simulated asymmetric corona. We use the Corona Heliosphere (CORHEL) and Magnetohydrodynamics Around the Sphere (MAS) models in the Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC) to investigate the differences between an assumed symmetric corona and a more realistic, asymmetric one. We were able to predict the electron temperatures and electron bulk flow speeds to within +/-0.5 MK and +/-100 km s(exp-1), respectively, over coronal heights up to 5.0 R from Sun center.We believe that this technique could be incorporated in next-generation white-light coronagraphs to determine these electron plasma parameters in the low solar corona. We have conducted experiments in the past during total solar eclipses to measure the thermal electron temperature and the electron bulk flow speed in the radial direction in the low solar corona. These measurements were made at different altitudes and latitudes in the low solar corona by measuring the shape of the K-coronal spectra between 350 nm and 450 nm and two brightness ratios through filters centered at 385.0 nm/410.0 nm and 398.7 nm/423.3 nm with a bandwidth of is approximately equal to 4 nm. Based on symmetric coronal models used for these measurements, the two measured plasma parameters were expected to represent those values at the points where the lines of sight intersected the plane of the solar limb.

This investigation studied the photocatalytic oxidation of light alkanes using photocatalytic thin films. In the research presented, nearly complete oxidation of isobutane, n-butane and propane using ZrO2/TiO2 thin films in a single pass reactor was demonstrated. The importance of reactor design on the effectiveness of the photocatalytic reaction is discussed in terms of photocatalyst packing and adequate illumination for catalyst activation. The influence of relative humidity in the contaminant feed stream and the reactor operating temperature were evaluated to establish optimal operating conditions for the photocatalytic reactor. Further photocatalytic studies used propane as a probe compound to investigate metal-modification of photocatalytic thin films as a means to improve propane oxidation and mineralization. Six precious metals (Ag, Au, Pd, Pt, Rh, and Ru) were tested at 1 weight percent loadings in TiO2, SiO2/TiO2, and ZrO2/TiO2 thin films. The photocatalytic reactor was operated at temperatures up to 100 C with the expectation that a thermal catalytic enhancement due to the precious metals would be observed. Propane conversion data revealed that at 1% loading, the addition of metals to the thin films reduced the activity for conversion of propane, regardless of temperature. However, the reactor temperature iii significantly affected light irradiance. Reaction rates adjusted for the influence of temperature on reactor irradiance revealed the highest reaction rates occurred at 100 C, but evaluation of Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson kinetics showed that temperature significantly reduced the surface adsorption of propane. Of the 21 materials tested, an unmodified ZrO2/TiO2 thin film had the best activity for propane conversion and mineralization. Lastly, a novel method to investigate the photoinduced change in surface potential of photocatalytic thin films was investigated.

A method has been developed for making photoelastic analyses of three-dimensional stress systems by utilizing the polarization phenomena associated with the scattering of light. By this method, the maximum shear and the directions of the three principal stresses at any point within a model can be determined, and the two principal stresses at a free-bounding surface can be separately evaluated. Polarized light is projected into the model through a slit so that it illuminates a plane section. The light is continuously analyzed along its path by scattering and the state of stress in the illuminated section is obtained. By means of a series of such sections, the entire stress field may be explored. The method was used to analyze the stress system of a simple beam in bending. The results were found to be in good agreement with those expected from elementary theory.

My printer enclosure is already fitted with LED strip lights. However I also wanted a smaller light which could remain on all the time and offer just enough illumination to see whats going on from my octoprint camera. I use 3 common 3mm white LEDs connected in series along with a resistor between 750ohms - 1kOhm / 0.5W to power the LEDs from the printers power supply. This way, the light is on whenever the printer is powered. Note that the power supply of the Original Prusa MK3S is rated at 24V DC, so if you are using a different power supply you need to size the resistor accordingly. I placed the light at the far left side of the main printer gantry bar in order to stay clear of the filament while printing.

Proof of Concept for seeking collaboration to derive the speed of light 𝑐, an be derived from first principles using only directly measurable quantities, without assuming its value anywhere in the calculation chain. The methodology involves accelerating electrons in a High Voltage Electron Microscope (HVEM) across a wide energy range, measuring their velocity using an integrated time-of-flight (TOF) system, and comparing the de Broglie wavelength inferred from relativistic momentum to the wavelength derived from Bragg diffraction patterns in a gold target. The goal is to assess whether these independently obtained wavelengths agree across the relativistic regime, thereby enabling an empirical derivation of 𝑐.

John Wear using portable split light table in the field. Photo by: W.C. Guy Date: 1957 Credit: USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region, State and Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection. Collection: Portland Station Collection; La Grande, Oregon. Image: PS-2172 To learn more about this photo collection see: Wickman, B.E., Torgersen, T.R. and Furniss, M.M. 2002. Photographic images and history of forest insect investigations on the Pacific Slope, 1903-1953. Part 2. Oregon and Washington. American Entomologist, 48(3), p. 178-185. For additional historic forest entomology photos, stories, and resources see the Western Forest Insect Work Conference site: wfiwc.org/content/history-and-resources Image provided by USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Region, State and Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection: www.fs.usda.gov/main/r6/forest-grasslandhealth

The shift of the world's population to the cities has caused the military to increase its focus on urban terrain. The same Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures that are effective on an unconstrained battlefield are not effective in an urban environment. Using technological advances, it may be possible to replace flesh and blood soldiers and marines with metal and plastic surrogates to perform the Reconnaissance, Surveillance, and Target Acquisition mission. Since these unmanned vehicles and the tactics to employ them are still in the concept development phase, they are not widely tested yet for their utility in tactical scenarios. This thesis will examine the detection capability and survivability of a Tactical Unmanned Vehicle Light in an urban environment. The data is generated through multiple combat simulations using the Janus combat model and is analyzed using statistical techniques. The result benefits the Unmanned Ground Vehicle/System Joint Project Office in their acquisition process and both the United States Army and Marine Corps in their development of Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for employment of unmanned tactical systems in urban warfare.

We report results on a lattice calculation of the heavy-light meson decay constant employing the non-relativistic QCD approach for heavy quark and Wilson action for light quark. Simulations are carried out at $\beta=6.0$ on a $16^3\times 48$ lattice. Signal to noise ratio for the ground state is significantly improved compared to simulations in the static approximation, enabling us to extract the decay constant reliably. We compute the heavy-light decay constant for several values of heavy quark mass and estimate the magnitude of the deviation from the heavy mass scaling law $f_{P} \sqrt{m_{P}} = const$. For the $B$ meson we find $f_{B} = 171\pm 22^{+19}_{-45}$ MeV, while an extrapolation to the static limit yields $f_{B}^{static}$ = $297\pm 36^{+15}_{-30}$ MeV.

All you need to know about using and setting up a ring light!

We present an experimentally feasible protocol for the complete storage and retrieval of arbitrary light states in an atomic quantum memory using the well-established Faraday interaction between light and matter. Our protocol relies on multiple passages of a single light pulse through the atomic ensemble without the impractical requirement of kilometer long delay lines between the passages. Furthermore, we introduce a time dependent interaction strength which enables storage and retrieval of states with arbitrary pulse shapes. The fidelity approaches unity exponentially without squeezed or entangled initial states, as illustrated by explicit calculations for a photonic qubit.

This is an equipment only grant under the Defense University Research Instrumentation Program. A report of the results obtained with this equipment is contained in the final report for Grant F49620-98-1-0051, OPTICAL FIBER GRATINGS USING NEAR-UV LIGHT. To avoid duplication of paperwork, only a partial summary of that report will be duplicated here. This grant is to purchase equipment to further investigate the physical properties of optical gratings written inn optical fibers using ultraviolet and infrared light.

This is an equipment only grant under the Defense University Research Instrumentation Program. A report of the results obtained with this equipment is contained in the final report for Grant F49620-98-1-0051, OPTICAL FIBER GRATINGS USING NEAR-UV LIGHT. To avoid duplication of paperwork, only a partial summary of that report will be duplicated here. This grant is to purchase equipment to further investigate the physical properties of optical gratings written inn optical fibers using ultraviolet and infrared light.

This is an equipment only grant under the Defense University Research Instrumentation Program. A report of the results obtained with this equipment is contained in the final report for Grant F49620-98-1-0051, OPTICAL FIBER GRATINGS USING NEAR-UV LIGHT. To avoid duplication of paperwork, only a partial summary of that report will be duplicated here. This grant is to purchase equipment to further investigate the physical properties of optical gratings written inn optical fibers using ultraviolet and infrared light.

Autonomous and self-driving vehicles are appearing on the public highways. These vehicles commonly use wireless communication techniques for both vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communications. Manufacturers, regulators and the public are understandably concerned about large-scale systems failure or malicious attack via these wireless vehicular networks. This paper explores the use of sensing and signalling devices that are commonly integrated into modern vehicles for side-channel communication purposes. Visible light (using a CMOS camera) and acoustic (ultrasonic audio) side-channel encoding techniques are proposed, developed and evaluated in this context. The side-channels are examined both theoretically and experimentally and an upper bound on the line code modulation rate that is achievable with these side channel schemes in the vehicular networking context is established. A novel inter-vehicle session key establishment protocol, leveraging both side-channels and a blockchain public key infrastructure, is then presented. In light of the limited channel capacity and the interoperability/security requirements for vehicular communications, techniques for constraining the throughput requirement, providing device independence and validating the location of the intended recipient vehicle, are presented. These reduce the necessary device handshake throughput to 176 bits for creating symmetric encryption and message authentication keys and in verifying a vehicle's certificate with a recognised certification authority.

Autonomous and self-driving vehicles are appearing on the public highways. These vehicles commonly use wireless communication techniques for both vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communications. Manufacturers, regulators and the public are understandably concerned about large-scale systems failure or malicious attack via these wireless vehicular networks. This paper explores the use of sensing and signalling devices that are commonly integrated into modern vehicles for side-channel communication purposes. Visible light (using a CMOS camera) and acoustic (ultrasonic audio) side-channel encoding techniques are proposed, developed and evaluated in this context. The side-channels are examined both theoretically and experimentally and an upper bound on the line code modulation rate that is achievable with these side channel schemes in the vehicular networking context is established. A novel inter-vehicle session key establishment protocol, leveraging both side-channels and a blockchain public key infrastructure, is then presented. In light of the limited channel capacity and the interoperability/security requirements for vehicular communications, techniques for constraining the throughput requirement, providing device independence and validating the location of the intended recipient vehicle, are presented. These reduce the necessary device handshake throughput to 176 bits for creating symmetric encryption and message authentication keys and in verifying a vehicle's certificate with a recognised certification authority.

The optical response of a moving medium suitably driven into a slow-light propagation regime strongly depends on its velocity. This effect can be used to devise a novel scheme for imaging ultraslow velocity fields. The scheme turns out to be particularly amenable to study in-situ the dynamics of collective and topological excitations of a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate. We illustrate the advantages of using slow-light imaging specifically for sloshing oscillations and bent vortices in a stirred condensate.

Classical optics can be used to efficiently implement certain quantum information processing tasks with a high degree of control, for example, one-dimensional quantum walks through the space of orbital angular momentum of light directed by its polarization. To explore the potential of quantum information processing with classical light, we here suggest a method to realize d-dimensional quantum walks with classical optics---an important step towards robust implementation of certain quantum algorithms. In this scheme, different degrees of freedom of light, such as frequency, orbital angular momentum, and time bins, represent different directions for the walker while the coin to decide which direction the walker takes is realized by employing the polarization combined with different light paths.

The spatial and temporal activation of NF-kB (p65) was monitored in the retina of a transgenic mouse model (cis-NF-kB-EGFP) in vivo after receiving varying grades of laser induced thermal injury in one eye. Baseline retinal images were collected from 26 mice and were reimaged up to five months later after receiving thermal injury using a Heidelberg Spectralis HRA confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope (cSLO) with a spectral domain optical coherence tomographer (SD-OCT). Injured and control eyes were enucleated at discrete time points following laser exposure for cryosectioning to determine localization of NF-kB dependent enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) reporter gene expression in the retina using fluorescence microscopy.

Transient imaging or light-in-flight techniques capture the propagation of an ultra-short pulse of light through a scene, which in effect captures the optical impulse response of the scene. Recently, it has been shown that we can capture transient images using commercially available Time-of-Flight (ToF) systems such as Photonic Mixer Devices (PMD). In this paper, we propose `spatial phase-sweep', a technique that exploits the speed of light to increase the temporal resolution beyond the 100 picosecond limit imposed by current electronics. Spatial phase-sweep uses a linear array of light sources with spatial separation of about 3 mm between them, thereby resulting in a time shift of about 10 picoseconds, which translates into 100 Gfps of transient imaging in theory. We demonstrate a prototype and transient imaging results using spatial phase-sweep.

Taking three independent approaches, we investigate the simultaneous constraints set on the cosmic star formation history from various observations, including stellar mass density and extragalactic background light (EBL). We compare results based on: 1) direct observations of past light-cone, 2) a model using local fossil evidence constrained by SDSS observations at z~0 (the `Fossil' model), and 3) theoretical ab initio models from three calculations of cosmic star formation history: (a) new (1024)^3 Total Variation Diminishing (TVD) cosmological hydrodynamic simulation, (b) analytic expression of Hernquist & Springel based on cosmological Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations, and (c) semi-analytic model of Cole et al. We find good agreement among the three independent approaches up to the order of observational errors, except that all the models predict bolometric EBL of I_tot ~= 37-52 nW m^-2 sr^-1, which is at the lower edge of the the observational estimate by Hauser & Dwek. We emphasize that the Fossil model that consists of two components -- spheroids and disks --, when normalized to the local observations, provides a surprisingly simple but accurate description of the cosmic star formation history and other observable quantities. Our analysis suggests that the consensus global parameters at z=0 are: Omega_* = 0.0023+-0.0004, I_EBL = 43+-7 nW m^-2 sr^-1 rho_SFR=(1.06+-0.22)e-2 Msun yr^-1 Mpc^-3, j_bol = (3.1+-0.2)e8 Lsun Mpc^-3.

This article is from Nature Communications , volume 3 . Abstract The grand vision of manufacturing large-area emissive devices with low-cost roll-to-roll coating methods, akin to how newspapers are produced, appeared with the emergence of the organic light-emitting diode about 20 years ago. Today, small organic light-emitting diode displays are commercially available in smartphones, but the promise of a continuous ambient fabrication has unfortunately not materialized yet, as organic light-emitting diodes invariably depend on the use of one or more time- and energy-consuming process steps under vacuum. Here we report an all-solution-based fabrication of an alternative emissive device, a light-emitting electrochemical cell, using a slot-die roll-coating apparatus. The fabricated flexible sheets exhibit bidirectional and uniform light emission, and feature a fault-tolerant >1-μm-thick active material that is doped in situ during operation. It is notable that the initial preparation of inks, the subsequent coating of the constituent layers and the final device operation all could be executed under ambient air.

In this paper, we use cubic polynomials to approximate RR Lyrae light curves and apply the method to HST data of RR Lyraes in the halo of M31. We compare our method to the standard method of Fourier decomposition and find that the method of cubic polynomials eliminates virtually all ringing effects and does so with significantly fewer parameters than the Fourier technique. Further, for RRc stars the parameters in the fit are all physical. Our study also reveals a number of additional periodicites in this data not found previously: we find 23 RRc stars, 29 RRab stars and 3 multiperiodic stars.

In this paper, we use cubic polynomials to approximate RR Lyrae light curves and apply the method to HST data of RR Lyraes in the halo of M31. We compare our method to the standard method of Fourier decomposition and find that the method of cubic polynomials eliminates virtually all ringing effects and does so with significantly fewer parameters than the Fourier technique. Further, for RRc stars the parameters in the fit are all physical. Our study also reveals a number of additional periodicites in this data not found previously: we find 23 RRc stars, 29 RRab stars and 3 multiperiodic stars.

We address the question of optimization of the microalgal biomass long term productivity in the framework of production in photobioreactors under the influence of day/night cycles. For that, we propose a simple bioreactor model accounting for light attenuation in the reactor due to biomass density and obtain the control law that optimizes productivity over a single day through the application of Pontryagin's maximum principle, with the dilution rate being the main control. An important constraint on the obtained solution is that the biomass in the reactor should be at the same level at the beginning and at the end of the day so that the same control can be applied everyday and optimizes some form of long term productivity. Several scenarios are possible depending on the microalgae's strain parameters and the maximal admissible value of the dilution rate: bang-bang or bang-singular-bang control or, if the growth rate of the algae is very strong in the presence of light, constant maximal dilution. A bifurcation diagram is presented to illustrate for which values of the parameters these different behaviors occur. Finally, a simple sub-optimal bang-bang strategy is proposed that numerically achieves productivity levels that almost match those of the optimal strategy.

We present a theoretical treatment of coherent light scattering from an interacting 1D Bose gas at finite temperatures. We show how this can provide a nondestructive measurement of the atomic system states. The equilibrium states are determined by the temperature and interaction strength, and are characterized by the spatial density-density correlation function. We show how this correlation function is encoded in the angular distribution of the fluctuations of the scattered light intensity, thus providing a sensitive, quantitative probe of the density-density correlation function and therefore the quantum state of the gas.

A conductive atomic force microscopy (cAFM) technique which can concurrently monitor topography, charge transport, and electroluminescence with nanometer spatial resolution. This cAFM approach is particularly well suited for probing the electroluminescent response characteristics of operating organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) over short length scales.

The room equation is investigated for predicting interior sound level. The method makes use of an acoustic power balance, by equating net power flow into the cabin volume to power dissipated within the cabin using the room equation. The sound power level transmitted through the panels was calculated by multiplying the measured space averaged transmitted intensity for each panel by its surface area. The sound pressure level was obtained by summing the mean square sound pressures radiated from each panel. The data obtained supported the room equation model in predicting the cabin interior sound pressure level.

The room equation is investigated for predicting interior sound level. The method makes use of an acoustic power balance, by equating net power flow into the cabin volume to power dissipated within the cabin using the room equation. The sound power level transmitted through the panels was calculated by multiplying the measured space averaged transmitted intensity for each panel by its surface area. The sound pressure level was obtained by summing the mean square sound pressures radiated from each panel. The data obtained supported the room equation model in predicting the cabin interior sound pressure level.

Ion channels are membrane proteins that selectively allow ions to flow down their electrochemical gradient across the cellular membrane. They localize in both plasma and intracellular membranes and regulate a variety of functions such as neuronal excitability, heartbeat, muscle contraction and hormones release. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanism of ion channels function and regulation is one of the key goals of modern Biophysics. During my PhD thesis, by combining patch-clamp measurements with site-direct mutagenesis, fluorophore labeling experiments and pharmacological assays, I explored some functional and structural properties of different ion transporters: the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX); the large conductance Ca2+-voltage activated K+ channel (BK) channel; the human Transient receptor potential, member A1 (TRPA1) channel.

Joe Grand OpticSpy is an open source hardware module for experimenting with optical data transmissions. It captures, amplifies, and converts an optical signal from a visible or infrared light source into a digital form that can be analyzed or decoded with a computer. With OpticSpy, electronics hobbyists and hardware hackers can search for covert channels, which intentionally exfiltrate data in a way undetectable to the human eye, add data transfer functionality to a project, or explore signals from remote controls and other systems that send information through light waves. Crowd Supply hosted a successful campaign for OpticSpy in March. In this talk explores the history of optical communications, discusses details of OpticSpy's operation and calibration, and gives some demonstrations of the unit in action. A party for hacking, discovering, and sharing hardware Teardown is an event put on by Crowd Supply in association with Make+Think+Code @ PNCA. You can think of Teardown as live-action Crowd Supply, but with fewer cardboard boxes and packing peanuts. We'll be bringing together hardware aficionados from around the world to celebrate, inspect, create, and, of course, tear down hardware. There will be long-time Crowd Supply creators and backers, as well as people we're meeting for the first time. There will be hardware, art, food, drink, puzzles, workshops, tutorials, talks, music, field trips, and friends. Most of all, there will be ideas and projects to explore and inspire. We hope you'll be there too! Teardown is about the practice of hardware: prototyping, manufacturing, testing, dissassembling, and circumventing, all while having fun. Leave the marketing glitz and talk of venture capital at the door and come prepared to learn and teach. OpenHardware Hardware CrowdSupply

This report results from a contract tasking Research Institute for Laser Physics as follows: The goals of the project are to develop the technology for and master the replication of rewritable holographic devices (optically-addressed liquid crystal spatial light modulators, OA LC SLMs) to be used for real-time correction of optical distortions in imaging optical systems. SLMs using both nematic and ferrroelectric LCs are promising for use as correctors in imaging optical systems. For the SLMs with ferroelectric LCs, high values of refresh rate can me realized (100 Hz and more), together with a relatively high diffraction efficiency (theoretically - up to 40%) for non-polarized reading radiation. The project objectives are to develop OA LC SLMs operating in the reflective mode having a diameter of 50 mm utilizing nematic and ferroelectric LCs, with a clear aperture of 45 mm, an optical quality of better than one quarter of a wavelength, an operating wavelength of 500 to 700 nm, a readout wavelength of 530 nm, and a net optical efficiency of 20% or greater.

Theoretical development and design of a compact nonmechanical multi-zoom telescope system is presented. A liquid crystal spatial light modulator (LC SLM) enables selection of four seperate beam paths without the use of moving parts. Each path incurs a different focus aberration in the image plane that can be deconvolved with postprocessing to yield four possible corrected magnification options. To increase exibility, each region has a 40-wave subrange of focus. Optical zooms of up to 10 times magnification are feasible and are limited only by system noise and signal to noise ratio. Elimination of moving parts for focus could prove beneficial for systems in which weight, volume, and power consumption have stringent requirements. The presented design can be constructed using all commercial off-the-shelf parts.

Theoretical development and design of a compact nonmechanical multi-zoom telescope system is presented. A liquid crystal spatial light modulator (LC SLM) enables selection of four seperate beam paths without the use of moving parts. Each path incurs a different focus aberration in the image plane that can be deconvolved with postprocessing to yield four possible corrected magnification options. To increase exibility, each region has a 40-wave subrange of focus. Optical zooms of up to 10 times magnification are feasible and are limited only by system noise and signal to noise ratio. Elimination of moving parts for focus could prove beneficial for systems in which weight, volume, and power consumption have stringent requirements. The presented design can be constructed using all commercial off-the-shelf parts.

A test of Lorentz invariance for electromagnetic waves was performed by comparing the resonance frequencies of two stable optical resonators as a function of orientation in space. The crystalline resonators were operated at 3.4 K in a cryostat employing a pulse-tube refrigerator. A new analysis yields the Robertson-Mansouri-Sexl theory parameter combination $\beta-\delta-1/2=(-0.6\pm 2.1\pm1.2)\cdot10^{-10}$ and one parameter of the Standard Model Extension theory, $(\tilde{\kappa}_{e-})^{ZZ} = (-2.9\pm2.2)\cdot 10^{-14}$.

This work shows how two parties A and B can securely share sequences of random bits at optical speeds. A and B possess true-random physical sources and exchange random bits by using a random sequence received to cipher the following one to be sent. A starting shared secret key is used and the method can be described as an unlimited one-time-pad extender. It is demonstrated that the minimum probability of error in signal determination by the eavesdropper can be set arbitrarily close to the pure guessing level. Being based on the $M$-ry encryption protocol this method also allows for optical amplification without security degradation, offering practical advantages over the BB84 protocol for key distribution.

In order to promote public education and public safety, equal justice for all, a better informed citizenry, the rule of law, world trade and world peace, this legal document is hereby made available on a noncommercial basis, as it is the right of all humans to know and speak the laws that govern them. (For more information: 12 Tables of Code ) Name of Standards Organization: Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) Division Name: Chemical Section Name: Printing, Inks, Stationary and Allied Products (CHD 14) Designator of Legally Binding Document: IS 15520 Title of Legally Binding Document: Graphic Technology - Paints and Printing Inks - Assessment of Light Fastness Using Filtered Xenon Arc Light Number of Amendments: Equivalence: ISO 12040 Superceding: Superceded by: LEGALLY BINDING DOCUMENT Step Out From the Old to the New --Jawaharlal Nehru Invent a new India using knowledge. --Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda

Sustained conversion of low energy visible or near i.r. light (>1.25 eV) to electrical energy has been obtained using wet photoelectrochemical cells where there are no net chemical changes in the system. Stabilization of n-type semi-conductor anodes of CdS, CdSe, CdTe, GaP, GaAs and InP to photoanodic dissolution is achieved by employing selected alkaline solutions of Na.sub.2 S, Na.sub.2 S/S, Na.sub.2 Se, Na.sub.2 Se/Se, Na.sub.2 Te and Na.sub.2 Te/Te as the electrolyte. The oxidation of (poly) sulfide, (poly)selenide or (poly)telluride species occurs at the irradiated anode, and reduction of polysulfide, polyselenide or polytelluride species occurs at the dark Pt cathode of the photoelectrochemical cell. Optical to electrical energy conversion efficiencies approaching 15% at selected frequencies have been observed in some cells. The wavelength for the onset of photocurrent corresponds to the band gap of the particular anode material used in the cell.

This article is from Brazilian Journal of Microbiology , volume 42 . Abstract The effects of light intensity and temperature in S. platensis cultivation with potassium nitrate or urea as nitrogen source were investigated, as well as the biomass chlorophyll contents of this cyanobacteria, through the Response Surface Methodology. Experiments were performed at temperatures from 25 to 34.5ºC and light intensities from 15 to 69 µmol photons m−2 s−1, in mineral medium. In cultivations with both sources of nitrogen, KNO3 and urea, statistic evaluation through multiple regression, no interactions of such independent variables were detected in the results of the dependent variables maximum cell concentration, chlorophyll biomass contents, cell and chlorophyll productivities, as well as in the nitrogen-cell conversion factor. In cultivation performed with both sources of nitrogen, it was possible to obtain satisfactory adjustments to relate the dependent variables to the independent variables. The best results were achieved at temperature of 30ºC, at light intensity of 60 µmol photons m−2s−1, for cell growth, with cell productivity of approximately 95 mg L−1 d−1 in cultivations with urea. For the chlorophyll biomass content, the most adequate light intensity was 24 µmol photons m−2 s−1.

This article is from PLoS ONE , volume 9 . Abstract Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become a worldwide problem. One potential alternative for bacterial control is photodynamic therapy. 5-aminolevulinic acid is a natural precursor of the photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX. Relatively little is known about the antibacterial efficacy of photodynamic therapy using the systemic administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid; a few reports have shown that 5-aminolevulinic acid exerts photodynamic effects on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) invitro. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy using 5-aminolevulinic acid and a 410-nm wavelength light-emitting diode invitro and invivo for the treatment of MRSA. We found that 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy with the light-emitting diode had an in-vitro bactericidal effect on MRSA. In vivo, protoporphyrin IX successfully accumulated in MRSA on ulcer surfaces after intraperitoneal administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid to mice. Furthermore, 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy accelerated wound healing and decreased bacterial counts on ulcer surfaces; in contrast, vancomycin treatment did not accelerate wound healing. Our findings indicate that 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy may be a new treatment option for MRSA-infected wounds.

We report on a very simple and inexpensive method for determining the speed of an electrical wave in a transmission line. The method consists of analyzing the roundtrip time for ethernet packets between two computers. It involves minimal construction, straightforward mathematics and displays the usefulness of stochastic resonance in signal recovery. Using basic electrical properties of category-five cable students may use their measurements to determine the speed of light in the vacuum to within a few percent.

Aims: We show the use of principal component analysis (PCA) and Fourier decomposition (FD) method as tools for variable star diagnostics and compare their relative performance in studying the changes in the light curve structures of pulsating Cepheids and in the classification of variable stars. Methods: We have calculated the Fourier parameters of 17,606 light curves of a variety of variables, e.g., RR Lyraes, Cepheids, Mira Variables and extrinsic variables for our analysis. We have also performed PCA on the same database of light curves. The inputs to the PCA are the 100 values of the magnitudes for each of these 17,606 light curves in the database interpolated between phase 0 to 1. Unlike some previous studies, Fourier coefficients are not used as input to the PCA. Results: We show that in general, the first few principal components (PCs) are enough to reconstruct the original light curves compared to FD method where 2 to 3 times more number of parameters are required to satisfactorily reconstruct the light curves. The computation of required number of Fourier parameters on the average needs 20 times more CPU time than the computation of required number of PCs. Therefore, PCA does have some advantage over the FD method in analysing the variable stars in a larger database. However in some cases, particularly in finding the resonances in Fundamental mode (FU) Cepheids, the PCA results show no distinct advantages over the FD method. We also demonstrate that the PCA technique can be used to classify variables into different variability classes in an automated, unsupervised way, a feature that has immense potential for larger databases of the future.

Please Note: If you are using the NodeMCU Amica Module V2, refer to the original design (https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:4730697). This design is for the bigger NodeMCU lolin v3 board. As the nodemcu v3 is bigger and doesnt fit the deisgn from starflare (https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:4730697) I designed a version for the bigger board with the option to have a push button to turn on and off the leds. This is a controller box that fits a ESP8266 Nodemcu v3 board, to be connected to Akyelle's Light Panels. The box is attached to a panel with one of the printed screws from the original design, just as other panels are connected to each other. Light Panels: https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:4686921 Board Link:https://www.amazon.de/AZDelivery-NodeMCU-Lolin-WiFi-Parent/dp/B07Z5C3KQF Button Link:https://www.amazon.de/-/en/contacts-diameter-stainless-waterproof-weather-resistant/dp/B01GOR60U6/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&keywords=klingelknopf&qid=1618502674&sr=8-1

We discuss IR divergences in lepton mass renormalization in Light-Front Quantum Electrodynamics (LFQED) in Feynman gauge. We consider LFQED with Pauli-Villars fields and using old-fashioned time ordered perturbation theory (TOPT), we show that our earlier result regarding cancellation of true IR divergences upto $O(e^4)$ in coherent state basis holds in Feynman gauge also.

Low intensity white light was used to increase the loading rate of $^{87}$Rb atoms into a vapor cell magneto-optic trap by inducing non-thermal desorption of Rb atoms from the stainless steel walls of the vapor cell. An increased Rb partial pressure reached a new equilibrium value in less than 10 seconds after switching on the broadband light source. After the source was turned off, the partial pressure returned to its previous value in $1/e$ times as short as 10 seconds.

We demonstrate a reconfigurable optical filter implemented using a phase-only two-dimensional liquid crystal on silicon spatial light modulator. To achieve this we utilize two different approaches leading to two different configurations in the modulator. The first one, based on a spatially patterned diffractive lens permits to obtain the desired spectrum along the optical axis and, in the second one, based on a generalized spectrometer, it is found outside of the optical axis. Experimental results show good agreement with the theory and indicate the validity of this technique.

No Description

Slow light refers to the dramatic reduction in group velocity that can be obtained via a number of physical mechanisms. This project is focused on the fundamental principles of slow light in optical nanostructures and devices. Of particular importance is the use of slow light to enhance nonlinear optical processes, and the fundamental limitations thereof. The fundamental component of all slow light embodiments is a resonator, be it a micro-ring resonator, photonic crystal defect, or plasmonic resonant cavity. In addition to a new analysis methodology, we have developed a new type of coupled-resonator slow-light waveguide that exhibits record delay bandwidth product per dB loss.

Build you own Softbox Light Kit with an aluminium reflector from an heat/clamp light and a studio umbrella to help focused light in area you need. You can screw in on top of a Tripod Ball Head with the 3/8" thread (bottom) or clip it on a Arca Swiss Stand Quick Release Plate. You can buy a common clamp light with an 8.5 in aluminium reflector at your local hardware store. You also need a bulb and and studio umbrella. Simple Deluxe Brooder and Heat Clamp Lamp Light 2 Pack with 8.5 Inch Aluminum Reflector 150W with 6 Feet Cord UL Listed (Amazon): https://geni.us/Alyf5x7b9Gyi Neewer 45Watt CFL Daylight Balanced Bulb (Amazon): https://geni.us/G94W6rg Neewer (2) 33" 83cm Photography Studio Flash Translucent White Soft Umbrella (Amazon): https://geni.us/Z0EO7kY9SP And you could install it on a Neewer Aluminum Light Tripod stand if needed (Amazon): https://geni.us/qcETUsuJx6TBnk Print you own Tripod Ball by zx82net (Thingiverse): https://geni.us/Ocbys8xhx7Bb or a Tripod Ball Head Neewer Camera Tripod Ball Head (Amazon): https://geni.us/ihuFY with an Andoer CL-50LS Aluminum Alloy Quick Release Clamp (Amazon): https://geni.us/Qt42M1

Measuring gas number density by means of laser light scattered by gases