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Most tutoring systems are machine dependent. In this thesis we present an intelligent tutoring system, ITS ADA, that exploits the designed portability of Ada. ITS Ada possesses full knowledge of Ada as defined in the official language reference manual and consists of four major components. The instructional module is a series of screens presented in an order determined by a topic network that covers the complete set of concepts in the Reference Manual for the Ada Programming Language. Superordinate concepts will be presented only after the prerequisite concepts have been mastered. There are exercise problems associated with each topic. The problems are presented by the diagnostic module in either an expository or interrogatory format, based on the student's mastery level for that concept, as determined by the student module. Solutions to the given problems are checked by parsing the student's response into a meaning list and comparing the results with solutions in the expert module. ITS ADA has been tested on three platforms: PC/InterAda, Sun SparcStation/Verdix Ada, and Apple Macintosh/Meridian Ada. We believe it can be run on any system with a validated Ada compiler.

Topics discussed include: reusability; mission critical issues; run time; expert systems; language issues; life cycle issues; software tools; and computers for Ada.

Topics discussed include: reusability; mission critical issues; run time; expert systems; language issues; life cycle issues; software tools; and computers for Ada.

The cost of software today consumes over ten percent of the DoD budget. Software costs, complexity, and size continue to rise because of the ever increasing dependence of weapons and general purpose systems on computers. Software engineering, the Ada programming language, and efforts to determine the performance and risk of software development organizations by measuring process maturity represent key initiatives by the DoD to improve the quality, reliability, and maintainability of the software DoD buys. This study examines and describes each of these areas based on current literature and interviews with officers of 37 companies engaged in software development for command, control, and communications systems.

This document is a feasibility study of reimplementing the JAMPS(JINTACCS Automated Message Processing System) applications software using the Ada programming language. Existing JAMPS software is written in 'C' language; reimplementation is under consideration to promote the reusability of the JAMPS software and decrease JAMPS life cycle costs. Ada software development tools for the MC68000 now exist in rudimentary form, but, due to the inadequacy of run time environments and the lack of validated compilers, these tools are inadequate for duplicating JAMPS software at this time. However, the tools are expected to improve sufficiently that reimplementation in Ada might reasonably begin in FY85. Cost estimates result in a $4.5M pricetag; manpower estimates and schedules are also included. (Author)

This document is a feasibility study of reimplementing the JAMPS(JINTACCS Automated Message Processing System) applications software using the Ada programming language. Existing JAMPS software is written in 'C' language; reimplementation is under consideration to promote the reusability of the JAMPS software and decrease JAMPS life cycle costs. Ada software development tools for the MC68000 now exist in rudimentary form, but, due to the inadequacy of run time environments and the lack of validated compilers, these tools are inadequate for duplicating JAMPS software at this time. However, the tools are expected to improve sufficiently that reimplementation in Ada might reasonably begin in FY85. Cost estimates result in a $4.5M pricetag; manpower estimates and schedules are also included. (Author)

ADA128028

An Ada oriented framework for the design and documentation of the U.S. Army TYC-39 store and forward message switch (military software) system is presented. This document package contains a Requirements, Design, Ada Integrated Methodology, and Final Report section. A methodology to use Ada in specifying requirements, design, and the implementation of a system was developed. This methodology was used to redesign the TYC-39 message switch system. A selected software module was programmed after the redesign. (Author)

This research investigated the perceived Ada and software engineering education needs of software managers throughout the Air Force and provided recommendations to Air Staff for developing the education. Since the Department of Defense mandated all DOD agencies use the Ada programming language for software development, the education of the personnel who have to support the policy has lagged behind the implementation Ada is not a simple language to use and is only fully effective if used with sound software engineering principles. A survey was given to Air Force mid-level personnel who manage software in some capacity. Of the software personnel surveyed, 48 percent indicated that Ada education would help. Less than 45 percent of the personnel who work with Ada have had a formal course in using the language while over 70 percent of the people have had some form of formal software engineering education. This research also investigated the required frequency of education. The respondents indicated that the frequency (periodic or as-needed) should depend on the nature of the individuals job and rank or position.

This theses project written in Ada, involved designing and implementing AFIT GKS which is a subset of the Graphical Kernel System (GKS). This project implemented AFIT-GKS on a ROLM Data General MV/8000-II validated Ada compiler, using a proposed Binding of GKS to Ada developed by the Harris Corporation. After introducing Ada and CKS to the reader, this project considers several alternative ways of designing AFIT-GKS. Selecting what was considered the best design alternative, this project implements AFIT-GKS. It concludes with a discussion of how well Ada, the proposed GKS binding to Ada, and GKS, worked in AFIT-GKS. This thesis found minor problems with the validated ROLM Ada Compiler, the proposed GKS binding to Ada, the GKS, but overall they were each excellent products. By using AFIT-GKS as proof, this project concludes that Ada can support large programs, and Ada can support computer graphics. Originator-supplied keywords include: Computer Graphics, Graphics, GKS, Programming Languages, High Level Languages, and Ada.

Contents: Lexical and Textual Structure; Classical Programming; Types; Numeric Types; Access Types; Derived Types; Subprograms; Packages; Separate Compilation and Libraries; General Program Structure - Visibility and Overloading; Generic Units; Tasking; Exception Handling; Representation Clauses and Machine Dependencies; Input-Output.

This thesis explores the requirements necessary to develop a graphics support library for the Ada programming language hosted on the Zenith H;Z-100 microcomputer. A prototype graphics library is implemented in S0S6 assembly language embedded in an Ada package. The library operates with JANUS Ada under the CPM-S6 operating system. Listings of library' routines developed are provided as well as a user's guide and demonstration programs. Potential areas for further investigation and development are suggested. It is concluded that an Ada graphics library for microcomputers is feasible and practical.

This thesis explores the requirements necessary to develop a graphics support library for the Ada programming language hosted on the Zenith H;Z-100 microcomputer. A prototype graphics library is implemented in S0S6 assembly language embedded in an Ada package. The library operates with JANUS Ada under the CPM-S6 operating system. Listings of library' routines developed are provided as well as a user's guide and demonstration programs. Potential areas for further investigation and development are suggested. It is concluded that an Ada graphics library for microcomputers is feasible and practical.

This thesis explores the requirements necessary to develop a graphics support library for the Ada programming language hosted on the Zenith H;Z-100 microcomputer. A prototype graphics library is implemented in S0S6 assembly language embedded in an Ada package. The library operates with JANUS Ada under the CPM-S6 operating system. Listings of library' routines developed are provided as well as a user's guide and demonstration programs. Potential areas for further investigation and development are suggested. It is concluded that an Ada graphics library for microcomputers is feasible and practical.

This research grant is titled Research, Development, Training & Education Using the Ada Programming Language and is hereafter called ReDTEA. The primary goal of this activity was to conduct research in the application and development of Ada, and in broader terms the objectives were as follows: 1) To develop numerical algorithms for parallel processing using the Ada language; 2) To develop new methodologies in reusing Ada software; 3) To solve select problems in applied mathematics using MACSYMA and Ada; 4) Simulate the interactions of nodes in a network using Ada; 5) To increase the cadre of educations available to provide Ada training by conducting Ada workshops for Norfolk State University faculty and staff; 6) To develop a series of in-class and individualized modules addressing Ada programming using computer assisted instruction; and 7) To disseminate research and computer aided instruction modules to other minority institutions through computer networking, workshops, and lecture series. Keywords: Software reuse, Network routing.

Topics discussed include: test and verification; environment issues; distributed Ada issues; life cycle issues; Ada in Europe; management/training issues; common Ada interface set; and run time issues.

The Ada language was designed for military embedded computer applications, and therefore its multitasking facilities will be heavily utilized in DoD software. However, Ada's multitasking facilities do not provide capabilities equivalent to current multitasking facilities in existing languages. Ada's unconventional multitasking facilities raise serious questions. Problem areas are identified and discussed, and solutions are proposed. Because Ada's multitasking facilities are only a small part of the total language, changes and improvements can be made without impacting the remainder of the language. (Author)

The Ada language was designed for military embedded computer applications, and therefore its multitasking facilities will be heavily utilized in DoD software. However, Ada's multitasking facilities do not provide capabilities equivalent to current multitasking facilities in existing languages. Ada's unconventional multitasking facilities raise serious questions. Problem areas are identified and discussed, and solutions are proposed. Because Ada's multitasking facilities are only a small part of the total language, changes and improvements can be made without impacting the remainder of the language. (Author)

This guide provides materials for a three-block curriculum to teach the Ada computer programming language to secondary and postsecondary vocational students. The curriculum design and strategy has the following components: lectures, audiovisual aids, computer-aided instructional training and reference materials, laboratory experiences, and feedback devices. Block I, "Ada and the Department of Defense," consists of five units and four labs. Block II, "Fundamentals of Ada Programming," contains 19 units and 20 labs. In Block III, "Advanced Ada Topics," there are 11 units and 8 labs. Laboratory experiments consist of student worksheets and teacher guides. Each provides some or all of these components: block, unit, lab number, lab title; student objectives; procedure; questions; and a list of any required materials. In addition, the teacher guide provides teacher notes as needed. The information lesson plan for each unit consists of the following components: block, unit, and lesson title; lesson objectives; learning activities; special resource list; presentation (which includes an introduction and instructional topics and key points); and questions with answer key. (YLB)

This guide provides materials for a three-block curriculum to teach the Ada computer programming language to secondary and postsecondary vocational students. The curriculum design and strategy has the following components: lectures, audiovisual aids, computer-aided instructional training and reference materials, laboratory experiences, and feedback devices. Block I, "Ada and the Department of Defense," consists of five units and four labs. Block II, "Fundamentals of Ada Programming," contains 19 units and 20 labs. In Block III, "Advanced Ada Topics," there are 11 units and 8 labs. Laboratory experiments consist of student worksheets and teacher guides. Each provides some or all of these components: block, unit, lab number, lab title; student objectives; procedure; questions; and a list of any required materials. In addition, the teacher guide provides teacher notes as needed. The information lesson plan for each unit consists of the following components: block, unit, and lesson title; lesson objectives; learning activities; special resource list; presentation (which includes an introduction and instructional topics and key points); and questions with answer key. (YLB)

This guide provides materials for a three-block curriculum to teach the Ada computer programming language to secondary and postsecondary vocational students. The curriculum design and strategy has the following components: lectures, audiovisual aids, computer-aided instructional training and reference materials, laboratory experiences, and feedback devices. Block I, "Ada and the Department of Defense," consists of five units and four labs. Block II, "Fundamentals of Ada Programming," contains 19 units and 20 labs. In Block III, "Advanced Ada Topics," there are 11 units and 8 labs. Laboratory experiments consist of student worksheets and teacher guides. Each provides some or all of these components: block, unit, lab number, lab title; student objectives; procedure; questions; and a list of any required materials. In addition, the teacher guide provides teacher notes as needed. The information lesson plan for each unit consists of the following components: block, unit, and lesson title; lesson objectives; learning activities; special resource list; presentation (which includes an introduction and instructional topics and key points); and questions with answer key. (YLB)

This guide provides materials for a three-block curriculum to teach the Ada computer programming language to secondary and postsecondary vocational students. The curriculum design and strategy has the following components: lectures, audiovisual aids, computer-aided instructional training and reference materials, laboratory experiences, and feedback devices. Block I, "Ada and the Department of Defense," consists of five units and four labs. Block II, "Fundamentals of Ada Programming," contains 19 units and 20 labs. In Block III, "Advanced Ada Topics," there are 11 units and 8 labs. Laboratory experiments consist of student worksheets and teacher guides. Each provides some or all of these components: block, unit, lab number, lab title; student objectives; procedure; questions; and a list of any required materials. In addition, the teacher guide provides teacher notes as needed. The information lesson plan for each unit consists of the following components: block, unit, and lesson title; lesson objectives; learning activities; special resource list; presentation (which includes an introduction and instructional topics and key points); and questions with answer key. (YLB)

This report documents the research and development effort for the design and documentation of the Missile Minder System AN/TSQ-73 using Ada as a program design language. Issues analyzed include adequacy of design methods, system design issues, and the career types required for the system design. (Author)

This report is based upon research on the use of the Ada language in the commercial community. The formal interview process took place during a seven month period from October 1984 to April 1985. The objective of the study was to investigate and describe areas of commercial Ada use in an effort to encourage better informed investments in the development and implementation of Ada products by the commercial community.

This report is based upon research on the use of the Ada language in the commercial community. The formal interview process took place during a seven month period from October 1984 to April 1985. The objective of the study was to investigate and describe areas of commercial Ada use in an effort to encourage better informed investments in the development and implementation of Ada products by the commercial community.

This International Standard specifies the syntax and semantics of a database programming language, the SQL Ada Module Description Language, SAMeDL. Texts written in the SAMeDL describe database interactions which are to be performed by database management systems (DBMS) implementing Database Language SQL. The interactions so described and so implemented are to be performed on behalf of application programs written in Programming Language Ada. The SAMeDL is not a Programming Language; it may be used solely to specify application program database interactions and solely when those interactions are to occur between an Ada application program and an SQL DBMS. The ISO/lEO 9075:1992 include all applicable Leveling Rules for Entry Level SQL. This International Standard does not define the Programming Language Ada nor the Database Language SQL. Therefore, ISO/lEO 8652:1995 takes precedence in all matters dealing with the syntax and semantics of any Ada construct contained, referred or described within this International Standard; similarly, ISO/lEC 9075:1992 takes precedence in all matters dealing with the syntax and semantics of any SQL construct contained, referred or described within this international standard

This document describes the design and implementation of a programming support environment for the ADA language based on a syntax-directed editor and a program tree structure. Though the prototype compiler is limited to a small subset, the full ADA language is supported by the remainder of the environment. Most of the environment is driven by a language syntax description, and is therefore capable of processing virtually any programming language. The prototype syntax-directed environment demonstrates the ability to reduce programmer idle time during development by eliminating parsing and lexical analysis in the compiler. The program tree structure also allows for the development of superior programming environment tools. (Author)

This document, the Rationale for the design of the Green programming language, and the companion Reference Manual, are the two defining documents for the Green language. They serve different purposes. The Reference Manual contains a complete and concise definition of the language. Following Wirth we believe in the virtue of having a rather short reference manual. This has the advantage of providing the information in a form that can easily be consulted, read and reread several times, as the basis for developing a good familarity with the language.

This thesis explores the requirements necessary to develop a graphics support library for the Ada programming language hosted on the Zenith H/A-100 microcomputer. A prototype graphics library is implemented in 8086 assembly language embedded in an Ada package. The library operates with JANUS/Ada under the CP/M-86 operating system. Listings of library routines developed are provided as well as a user's guide and demonstration programs. Potential areas for further investigation and development are suggested. It is concluded that an Ada graphics library for microcomputers is feasible and practical. Keywords: Computer programs; Computer programming; Computer graphics. (Theses)

Ada is a programming language designed in accordance with requirements defined by the United States Department of Defense: the so-called Steelman requirements. Overall, these requirements call for a language with considerable expressive power covering a wide application domain. As a result, the language includes facilities offered by classical languages such as Pascal as well as facilities often found only in specialized languages. Thus the language is a modern algorithmic language with the usual control structures, and with the ability to define types and subprograms. It also serves the need for modularity, whereby data, types, and subprograms can be packaged. It treats modularity in the physical sense as well, with a facility to support separate compilation. In addition to these aspects, the language covers real-time programming, with facilities to model parallel tasks and to handle exceptions. It also covers systems programming; this requires precise control over the representation of data and access to system-dependent properties. Finally, both application-level and machine-level input-ootput are defined.

Thesis advisor, Yuh-jeng Lee

This survey provides a summary description of some of the major Ada benchmarks currently available and an evaluation of their applicability to the Ada Embedded Systems Testbed (AEST) Project at the Software Engineering Institute. The benchmarks discussed are: the University of Michigan benchmarks, the ACM Performance Issues Working Group (PIWG) benchmarks, and the prototype Ada Compiler Evaluation Capability (ACEC) of the Institute for Defense Analyses. The primary purpose for the Ada Embedded Systems Testbed (AEST) project at the Software Engineering Institute (SEI) is to develop a solid in-house support base of hardware, software, and personnel to permit the investigation of a wide variety of issues related to software development for real-time embedded systems. Two of the most crucial issues to be investigated are the extent and quality of the facilities provided by Ada run-time support environments. The SEI support base will make it possible to determine assessments of the readiness of the Ada language and Ada tools to develop embedded systems. The AEST Project testbed is essentially a host-target environment. It is hoped that some, if not all, of the benchmarks may be used to determine Ada performance characteristics on the testbed target initially a DEC MicroVAX II running the VAXELN real-time executive, and later a Motorola MC68020 microprocessor. A MIL-STD-1750A processor is also a possible future target.

An Ada oriented framework for the design and documentation of the U.S. Army TYC-39 store and forward message switch (military software) system is presented. This document contains a Requirements, Design, Ada Integrated Methodology, and Final Report section. A methodology to use Ada in specifying requirements, design, and the implementation of a system was developed. This methodology was used to redesign the TYC-39 message switch system. A selected software module was programmed after the redesign. (Author)

An Ada oriented framework for the design and documentation of the U.S. Army TYC-39 store and forward message switch(military software) system is presented. This document package contains a Requirements, Design, Ada Integrated Methodology, and Final Report section. A methodology to use Ada in specifying requirements, design, and the implementation of a system was developed. This methodology was used to redesign the TYC-39 message switch system. A selected software module was programmed after the redesign. (Author)

Topics discussed include: test and verification; environment issues; distributed Ada issues; life cycle issues; Ada in Europe; management/training issues; common Ada interface set; and run time issues.

An Ada oriented framework for the design and documentation of the U.S. Army TYC-39 store and forward message switch (military software) system is presented. This document package contains a Requirements, Design, Ada Integrated Methodology, and Final Report section. A methodology to use Ada in specifying requirements, design, and the implementation of a system was developed. This methodology was used to redesign the TYC-39 message switch system. A selected software module was programmed after the redesign. (Author)

Ada is the result of a collective effort to design a common language for programming large scale and real-time systems. This report is the proposed standard document for Ada. Since the early 70's, DoD has been committed to the use of High Order Languages and has developed an extensive set of requirements for a single language which could be adopted for use throughout DoD. In April 1978, the language designed by Jean Ichbiah and his team at Honeywell/Cii- Honeywell Bull, Paris, France, was chosen to be the new DoD language. For the ensuing fourteen months, Ada was subjected to an intense period of test and evaluation by the international computer science community and the design was modified in response to language issues raised during the test and evaluation. It will be added to the list of approved languages for use in DoD systems and promises to have a significant impact on DoD software development. Ada will be reviewed under American National Standards Institute (ANSI) canvass procedures for designation as an American National Standard and is on the agenda for the International Standards Organization (ISO). The DoD is concentrating on the development of compilers and an integrated programming support environment for Ada software. Although developed for use in DoD systems, Ada has generated considerable interest in the international computing community, particularly NATO, as well as in the U.S. commercial computing community.

This thesis examines the use of an inexpensive commercial microcomputer for the preparation of Naval Reporting Structure Operational Reports. These highly formatted reports provide critical unit information used by the National Command Authority and Joint Chiefs of Staff in assessing the nation's defense posture. Since these reports are processed by computer, correct formatting and data entry are essential to preserve the timeliness and accuracy of the information. The requirements of a Report Origination System are investigated from the perspective of the system operator, the message drafter and the message releasing authority. Interfaces are developed which provides for system application to different hardware configurations. A subset of the Ada language is used to allow structured programming and data abstraction techniques. Elements of the Unit Status and Identity Report (UNITREP) are implemented using this method.

Topics discussed include: reusability; mission critical issues; run time; expert systems; language issues; life cycle issues; software tools; and computers for Ada.

Topics discussed include: reusability; mission critical issues; run time; expert systems; language issues; life cycle issues; software tools; and computers for Ada.

Most tutoring systems are machine dependent. In this thesis we present an intelligent tutoring system, ITS Ada, that exploits the designed portability of Ada. ITS Ada possesses full knowledge of Ada as defined in the official language reference manual and consists of four major components. The instructional module is a series of screens presented in an order determined by a topic network that covers the complete set of concepts in the Reference Manual for the Ada Programming Language. Superordinate concepts will be presented only after the prerequisite concepts have been mastered. There are exercise problems associated with each topic. The problems are presented by the diagnostic module in either an expository or interrogatory format, based on the student's mastery level for that concept, as determined by the student module. Solutions to the given problems are checked by parsing the student's response into a meaning list and comparing the results with solutions in the expert module. ITS Ada has been tested on three platforms: PC/InterAda, Sun SparcStation/Verdix Ada, and Apple Macintosh/Meridian Ada. We believe it can be run on any system with a validated Ada compiler.

ADA176921

This thesis examines the use of an inexpensive commercial microcomputer for the preparation of Naval Reporting Structure Operational Reports. These highlyformatted reports provide critical unit information used Dy the National Command Authority and Joint Chiefs of Staff in assessing the nation's defense posture. Since these reports drz prccessed ty computer, correct formatting and data entry are essential to preserve the timeliness and accuracy of the information. The requirements of a Report Origination System ere investigated from the perspective of the systerr operator, the message drafter and the message releasing authority. Interfaces are developed which provide for system application to different hardware configurations. A subset of the Ada language is used to allow structured programming and data abstraction techniques, elements of the Unit Status znd Identity Report (UNITRE?) are implemented using this method .

This thesis examines the use of an inexpensive commercial microcomputer for the preparation of Naval Reporting Structure Operational Reports. These highlyformatted reports provide critical unit information used Dy the National Command Authority and Joint Chiefs of Staff in assessing the nation's defense posture. Since these reports drz prccessed ty computer, correct formatting and data entry are essential to preserve the timeliness and accuracy of the information. The requirements of a Report Origination System ere investigated from the perspective of the systerr operator, the message drafter and the message releasing authority. Interfaces are developed which provide for system application to different hardware configurations. A subset of the Ada language is used to allow structured programming and data abstraction techniques, elements of the Unit Status znd Identity Report (UNITRE?) are implemented using this method .