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Embedded systems are often subject to real-time constraints. Such systems require determinism to ensure that task deadlines are met. Schedulability analysis provides a firm basis to ensure that tasks meet their deadlines. Knowledge of bounds on worst-case execution times (WCET) of tasks is a critical piece of information required by schedulability analysis. Static timing analysis derives these bounds on WCETs, but requires that bounds on loop iterations be known statically, i.e., at compile time. This often limits the class of applications that may be analyzed by static timing analysis and, hence, used in a real-time system. Another limiting factor for real-time system design is the class of processors that may be used. Typically, modern, complex, processors may not be used in real-time systems design. Contemporary processors with their advanced architectural features, such as out-of-order execution, branch prediction, speculation, and prefetching, cannot be statically analyzed to obtain WCETs for tasks. The main reason is that these features introduce non-determinism to task execution, which can only be resolved at run-time. The contributions of this work are two-fold. First, we show how the constraint concerning statically bound loops may be relaxed and applied to make dynamic decisions at run-time to obtain power savings. Second, we introduce a new paradigm, which proposes minor enhancements to modern processor architectures, which, on interaction with software modules, is able to obtain tight, accurate timing analysis results for modern processors. To the best of our knowledge, these methods of (a) using run-time information to obtain accurate upper bounds for loops and using that information to achieve energy savings, and (b) hardware/software interactions to calculate WCET results for out-of-order processors, are the first of their kind. ©2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

Embedded systems are often subject to real-time constraints. Such systems require determinism to ensure that task deadlines are met. Schedulability analysis provides a firm basis to ensure that tasks meet their deadlines. Knowledge of bounds on worst-case execution times (WCET) of tasks is a critical piece of information required by schedulability analysis. Static timing analysis derives these bounds on WCETs, but requires that bounds on loop iterations be known statically, i.e., at compile time. This often limits the class of applications that may be analyzed by static timing analysis and, hence, used in a real-time system. Another limiting factor for real-time system design is the class of processors that may be used. Typically, modern, complex, processors may not be used in real-time systems design. Contemporary processors with their advanced architectural features, such as out-of-order execution, branch prediction, speculation, and prefetching, cannot be statically analyzed to obtain WCETs for tasks. The main reason is that these features introduce non-determinism to task execution, which can only be resolved at run-time. The contributions of this work are two-fold. First, we show how the constraint concerning statically bound loops may be relaxed and applied to make dynamic decisions at run-time to obtain power savings. Second, we introduce a new paradigm, which proposes minor enhancements to modern processor architectures, which, on interaction with software modules, is able to obtain tight, accurate timing analysis results for modern processors. To the best of our knowledge, these methods of (a) using run-time information to obtain accurate upper bounds for loops and using that information to achieve energy savings, and (b) hardware/software interactions to calculate WCET results for out-of-order processors, are the first of their kind. ©2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

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What are some pitfalls to avoid during Software Design ?  

Example of reducing software bloat in Excel 3.0 and Excel 2000 by using the technique of having shorter menus. These were both failed attempts at reducing the perception and reality of compelxity. Featured in "Hardcore Software". Subscribe via hardcoresoftware.learningbyshipping.com Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0L1bStqV1og Uploader: Hardcore Software

Example of reducing software bloat in Excel 3.0 and Excel 2000 by using the technique of having shorter menus. These were both failed attempts at reducing the perception and reality of compelxity. Featured in "Hardcore Software". Subscribe via hardcoresoftware.learningbyshipping.com Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0L1bStqV1og Uploader: Hardcore Software

Field studies were conducted by MCC to determine areas of research of mutual interest to MCC and JSC. NASA personnel from the Information Systems Directorate and research faculty from UHCL/RICIS visited MCC in Austin, Texas to examine tools and applications under development in the MCC Software Technology Program. MCC personnel presented workshops in hypermedia, design knowledge capture, and design recovery on site at JSC for ISD personnel. The following programs were installed on workstations in the Software Technology Lab, NASA/JSC: (1) GERM (Graphic Entity Relations Modeler); (2) gIBIS (Graphic Issues Based Information System); and (3) DESIRE (Design Recovery tool). These applications were made available to NASA for inspection and evaluation. Programs developed in the MCC Software Technology Program run on the SUN workstation. The programs do not require special configuration, but they will require larger than usual amounts of disk space and RAM to operate properly.

The preliminary design of the IGDS/TRAP Interface Program (ITIP) is described. The ITIP is implemented on the PDP 11/70 and interfaces directly with the Interactive Graphics Design System and the Data Management and Retrieval System. The program provides an efficient method for developing a network flow diagram. Performance requirements, operational rquirements, and design requirements are discussed along with sources and types of input and destination and types of output. Information processing functions and data base requirements are also covered.

IETMs: Interactive Electronic Technical Manuals Design and Development In this era of Digitization, IETMs (Interactive Electronic Technical Manuals) have taken over traditional paper based technical manuals by easing the accessibility, maintenance and improving interactivity. Our IETMs are made completely in frame oriented design and can be used either as a Desktop Application or Portable Digital Application or Mobile App. This enables more flexibility and accessibility across all devices and operating systems.

Modern software engineering promises significant reductions in software costs and improvements in software quality. The Ada language is the focus for these software methodology and tool improvements. The IBM FSD approach, including the software engineering practices that guide the systematic design and development of software products and the management of the software process are examined. The revised Ada design language adaptation is revealed. This four level design methodology is detailed including the purpose of each level, the management strategy that integrates the software design activity with the program milestones, and the technical strategy that maps the Ada constructs to each level of design. A complete description of each design level is provided along with specific design language recording guidelines for each level. Finally, some testimony is offered on education, tools, architecture, and metrics resulting from project use of the four level Ada design language adaptation.

Today the construction of bridges has gained worldwide importance. Bridges are an important feature of all road networks and the use of pre stressed bridges is increasingly popular in the construction of bridges due to their better stability, service friendliness, economy and durability, beauty and appearance of the building. Reinforced concrete construction, steel or steel construction using composite construction. In the case of high spaces, reinforced concrete construction makes no money due to the large space. cross section is used more effectively than cross section of reinforced concrete. Prefabricated concrete is used for long bridges with a length of more than 10 meters. Typically, when bridges are calculated, the superstructure and substructure are analyzed separately. The supernatural structure is usually a grid made of large strips, a shortcut membrane and a desk slab. vertical grid Columns of large girders with anchors. The superstructure is tested according to IRC 62014 and according to IRC 182000 with unimaginable gravity loads and loads of moving vehicles. Reduced stress and deviation rates compared to a straightforward tender profile. Rishabh Singh | A. K. Jha | R. S. Parihar "Design and Analysis of Pre-Stressed I-Girders by Midas Civil Software" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-5 , August 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50694.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/50694/design-and-analysis-of-prestressed-igirders-by-midas-civil-software/rishabh-singh

Douglass CAD/CAM computer aided design software - Douglas Enterprises

Douglass CAD/CAM computer aided design software - Douglas Enterprises

The Software Design Document (SDD), is a design document that defines the translation of the Central Flow Control (CFC) Software System functional requirements established in the Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) Computer Program Functional Specifications (CPFSs) into implemented Software Programs. The SDD describes the exact configuration of the computer programs produced for the CFC Software System. It provides a complete technical description of the software functions, structures, operating environment, data organization, visual table of contents, program listings, and data and module cross references. Volume I describes the Operational Complex (OPCX) which operates in real-time mode. The OPCX is comprised of the Executive, Database, Simulation, and Applications subsystems.

8080 8085 Software Design Book 2

This study explores how design patterns impact software development efficiency by enhancing essential metrics such as code reusability, maintainability, scalability, flexibility, and development time reduction. Using a mixed-method approach involving literature reviews, case studies, and experimental analysis, the research evaluates the benefits of applying design patterns. The findings from comparative and statistical analyses demonstrate that design patterns significantly improve software performance. Notable improvements were observed across metrics: code reusability, maintainability, scalability, and flexibility, with development time decreasing by 25%, indicating a more efficient coding process. These results confirm the hypothesis that integrating design patterns contributes to more efficient, adaptable, and high-quality software development practices. Based on these findings, several recommendations are proposed. First, development teams should integrate design patterns into their workflows to improve software quality and development efficiency. Second, organizations are encouraged to provide training programs focused on the practical implementation of design patterns to ensure that developers can effectively utilize them. Third, leveraging supportive development tools designed to facilitate the integration of design patterns can enhance productivity and code quality. Finally, combining design patterns with modern frameworks and methodologies, particularly in complex and large-scale projects, can yield even better results. Future research is suggested to explore the application of design patterns in emerging areas such as microservices, artificial intelligence, and cloud-native architectures. Expanding the scope of design pattern implementation in these fields could provide valuable insights into their broader applicability and effectiveness. The findings from this research contribute significantly to the understanding of design patterns as a fundamental approach to achieving efficient, adaptable, and high-quality software development.

This study explores how design patterns impact software development efficiency by enhancing essential metrics such as code reusability, maintainability, scalability, flexibility, and development time reduction. Using a mixed-method approach involving literature reviews, case studies, and experimental analysis, the research evaluates the benefits of applying design patterns. The findings from comparative and statistical analyses demonstrate that design patterns significantly improve software performance. Notable improvements were observed across metrics: code reusability, maintainability, scalability, and flexibility, with development time decreasing by 25%, indicating a more efficient coding process. These results confirm the hypothesis that integrating design patterns contributes to more efficient, adaptable, and high-quality software development practices. Based on these findings, several recommendations are proposed. First, development teams should integrate design patterns into their workflows to improve software quality and development efficiency. Second, organizations are encouraged to provide training programs focused on the practical implementation of design patterns to ensure that developers can effectively utilize them. Third, leveraging supportive development tools designed to facilitate the integration of design patterns can enhance productivity and code quality. Finally, combining design patterns with modern frameworks and methodologies, particularly in complex and large-scale projects, can yield even better results. Future research is suggested to explore the application of design patterns in emerging areas such as microservices, artificial intelligence, and cloud-native architectures. Expanding the scope of design pattern implementation in these fields could provide valuable insights into their broader applicability and effectiveness. The findings from this research contribute significantly to the understanding of design patterns as a fundamental approach to achieving efficient, adaptable, and high-quality software development.

Successful application of software engineering methodologies requires an integrated analysis and design life-cycle in which the various phases flow smoothly 'seamlessly' from analysis through design to implementation. Furthermore, different analysis methodologies often lead to different structuring of the system so that the transition from analysis to design may be awkward depending on the design methodology to be used. This is especially important when object-oriented programming is to be used for implementation when the original specification and perhaps high-level design is non-object oriented. Two approaches to real-time systems analysis which can lead to an object-oriented design are contrasted: (1) modeling the system using structured analysis with real-time extensions which emphasizes data and control flows followed by the abstraction of objects where the operations or methods of the objects correspond to processes in the data flow diagrams and then design in terms of these objects; and (2) modeling the system from the beginning as a set of naturally occurring concurrent entities (objects) each having its own time-behavior defined by a set of states and state-transition rules and seamlessly transforming the analysis models into high-level design models. A new concept of a 'real-time systems-analysis object' is introduced and becomes the basic building block of a series of seamlessly-connected models which progress from the object-oriented real-time systems analysis and design system analysis logical models through the physical architectural models and the high-level design stages. The methodology is appropriate to the overall specification including hardware and software modules. In software modules, the systems analysis objects are transformed into software objects.

This paper presents experiences of verifying architectural design rules of the NASA Core Flight Software (CFS) product line implementation. The goal of the verification is to check whether the implementation is consistent with the CFS architectural rules derived from the developer's guide. The results indicate that consistency checking helps a) identifying architecturally significant deviations that were eluded during code reviews, b) clarifying the design rules to the team, and c) assessing the overall implementation quality. Furthermore, it helps connecting business goals to architectural principles, and to the implementation. This paper is the first step in the definition of a method for analyzing and evaluating product line implementations from an architecture-centric perspective.

This paper presents experiences of verifying architectural design rules of the NASA Core Flight Software (CFS) product line implementation. The goal of the verification is to check whether the implementation is consistent with the CFS architectural rules derived from the developer's guide. The results indicate that consistency checking helps a) identifying architecturally significant deviations that were eluded during code reviews, b) clarifying the design rules to the team, and c) assessing the overall implementation quality. Furthermore, it helps connecting business goals to architectural principles, and to the implementation. This paper is the first step in the definition of a method for analyzing and evaluating product line implementations from an architecture-centric perspective.

This paper presents experiences of verifying architectural design rules of the NASA Core Flight Software (CFS) product line implementation. The goal of the verification is to check whether the implementation is consistent with the CFS architectural rules derived from the developer's guide. The results indicate that consistency checking helps a) identifying architecturally significant deviations that were eluded during code reviews, b) clarifying the design rules to the team, and c) assessing the overall implementation quality. Furthermore, it helps connecting business goals to architectural principles, and to the implementation. This paper is the first step in the definition of a method for analyzing and evaluating product line implementations from an architecture-centric perspective.

John Ousterhout, professor of computer science at Stanford University, joined SE Radio host Jeff Doolittle for a conversation about his book, A Philosophy of Software Design (Yaknyam Press). They discuss the history and ongoing challenges of software system design, especially the nature of complexity and the difficulties in handling it. The conversation also explores various [...]

John Ousterhout, professor of computer science at Stanford University, joined SE Radio host Jeff Doolittle for a conversation about his book, A Philosophy of Software Design (Yaknyam Press). They discuss the history and ongoing challenges of software system design, especially the nature of complexity and the difficulties in handling it. The conversation also explores various [...]

Have you been curious about that odd, but strangely interesting group called Defective By Design? Great. We were too. That's why we booked an appointment with Peter Brown to get the inside scoop of of what the DBD was all about. As a bonus, since Peter Brown is the Executive Director at the Free Software Foundation, we chatted about that goals of the organization and how DRM negatively impacts the Free Software Movement (by the way, that's Free as in Freedom).

Have you been curious about that odd, but strangely interesting group called Defective By Design? Great. We were too. That's why we booked an appointment with Peter Brown to get the inside scoop of of what the DBD was all about. As a bonus, since Peter Brown is the Executive Director at the Free Software Foundation, we chatted about that goals of the organization and how DRM negatively impacts the Free Software Movement (by the way, that's Free as in Freedom).

Have you been curious about that odd, but strangely interesting group called Defective By Design? Great. We were too. That's why we booked an appointment with Peter Brown to get the inside scoop of of what the DBD was all about. As a bonus, since Peter Brown is the Executive Director at the Free Software Foundation, we chatted about that goals of the organization and how DRM negatively impacts the Free Software Movement (by the way, that's Free as in Freedom).

Have you been curious about that odd, but strangely interesting group called Defective By Design? Great. We were too. That's why we booked an appointment with Peter Brown to get the inside scoop on what the DBD was all about. As a bonus, since Peter Brown is the Executive Director at the Free Software Foundation, we chatted about that goals of the organization and how DRM negatively impacts the Free Software Movement and society in general (by the way, that's Free as in Freedom).

Automated Manufacturing Systems for the Automotive, Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Electronics industries designed in SolidWorks 3D CAD Mechanical Engineering Design Software and using eDrawings. Including a 400,000 square foot assembly facility with 100,000 components.

Modern cyber-physical systems (CPS) have a close inter-dependence between software and physical components. Automotive embedded systems are typical CPS, as physical chips, sensors and actuators are physical components and software embedded within are the cyber components. The current stage of embedded systems is highly complex in architecture design for both software and hardware. It is common in industrial practice that high level control algorithm development and low level code implementation on hardware platforms are developed separately with limited shared information. However, software code and hardware architecture become closely related with the increasing complexity. Correlated requirements and dependencies between hardware and software are emerging problems of industrial practice. We demonstrate in this paper a method to link model based system design with real-time simulations and analysis of the architecture model. This allows hardware software co-design and thus early selection of hardware architecture.

Prior research studies demonstrated a practical methodology for quantifying the return on investment (ROI) of Navy Cryptologic Carry-On Program (CCOP) signals intelligence (SIGINT) collection systems and a practical pathway for implementing a performance accounting system that generates these estimates. This research is a continuation of previous work on the requirements and design of an accounting software to provide return on investment (ROI) estimates for CCOP SIGINT collection systems. We follow the Unified Process, an iterative, incremental software development process and apply Use Case Analysis to obtain requirements of the accounting software. We then develop a high-level architecture design for a software meeting the requirements, and provide a proof-of-concept prototype to demonstrate the ROI analysis functions in Microsoft© Excel.

The objective of the study is to propose a new learning medium, which takes advantage of the latest developments in computer based training (CBT) and the World Wide Web as an innovative mode for delivering education. The key research focus of this thesis is the design of the framework to best combine hypertext technology, computer based training functionality's and interactive multimedia to enhance learning effectiveness. This research also focuses on the interactive multimedia to enhance learning effectiveness. Additionally, this research incorporates the migration and enhancement of a multiple criteria decision support textbook from print media to electronic media. Lessons learned from this development effort will be used to derive a general framework for developing integrated web based CBT tools. A multimedia training module prototype developed during this research can be viewed at HTTP://WWW.CIMNET.NPS.NAVY.COM/COOP

Title from cover

Title from cover

Avery Design Pro Software [Media Edition] (2003)

The design methodology investigated in this project is applied to the requirements set resulting from the addition of new requirements to the set used previously. This exercise permits testing the robustness of the methodology and the identification of a more comprehensive DBMS design framework. Guidelines for completing the requirements set are discussed and the methodology application described. Finally, a unified methodology framework is presented and a number of areas for further research identified.

The general goal of the subtask was to explore the ease of transfer of technology on software design methodologies to the Air Force software acquisition environment by studying two methodologies selected by RADC, comparing them with the acquisition environment, and discussing them with acquisition personnel. The two methodologies (one by SRI and one by Honeywell, Inc.) are described with examples. The assumed acquisition environment is described and compared with the methodologies. The presentations to acquisition personnel are described. Their views as well as those of Project 522M personnel on application of the methodologies are discussed.

Four formal software design methodologies were described and briefly analyzed: (1) Structured Design, (2) Jackson's Methodology, (3) Integrated Software Development System (Higher Order Software), and (4) Warnier's 'Logical Construction of Programs.' Relative strengths, weaknesses, and commonalities among the methods were identified and human factors problem areas were analyzed. Several major human factors deficiencies and problems were identified. Formal software design methods differ in terms of: Applicability to problems of different types, size or complexity; susceptibility to design errors; and constraints and limitations imposed on the software designer. Various methods limit the designer's ability to select an appropriate problem representation, prevent the designer from utilizing relevant knowledge and experience, or impose potentially significant information loads on the designer. Improvements in design methodologies require a better understanding of the problem-solving behavior of software designers; potential research topics in this area were identified.

ADA133699

The software for an aircraft fatigue monitoring data acquisition system was designed and implemented on a prototype instrument to evaluate the feasibility of employing such a system in the data collection process for the determination of fatigue effects in aircraft structures. The operating software and the associated hardware are described herein; options for actual implementation in light of rapid technological developments are hypothesized and discussed. Separate software packages provide for the data collection and retrieval, including the pre-processing of data to a form which is suitable for computation. Results of test cases are presented where the software is proved by comparison of output to controlled input signals.

The software for an aircraft fatigue monitoring data acquisition system was designed and implemented on a prototype instrument to evaluate the feasibility of employing such a system in the data collection process for the determination of fatigue effects in aircraft structures. The operating software and the associated hardware are described herein; options for actual implementation in light of rapid technological developments are hypothesized and discussed. Separate software packages provide for the data collection and retrieval, including the pre-processing of data to a form which is suitable for computation. Results of test cases are presented where the software is proved by comparison of output to controlled input signals.

The software for an aircraft fatigue monitoring data acquisition system was designed and implemented on a prototype instrument to evaluate the feasibility of employing such a system in the data collection process for the determination of fatigue effects in aircraft structures. The operating software and the associated hardware are described herein; options for actual implementation in light of rapid technological developments are hypothesized and discussed. Separate software packages provide for the data collection and retrieval, including the pre-processing of data to a form which is suitable for computation. Results of test cases are presented where the software is proved by comparison of output to controlled input signals.

Lessons learned are presented concerning the reuse of information management systems components in the design development and support of the Operations Support System (OSS) Integrated Database (IDB). These components were developed originally under a wide variety of C4I programs of Navy, Air Force and Joint Command Centers. Reuse of components was possible because known standards such as the C programming language, Structured Query Language (SQL) and the Naval Warfare Tactical Database (NWTDB) were used during development. Reused components included data, data structure, catalogue scheme for defining data structure, database applications, and software tools used to validate data integrity. It was found that strict adherence to standards was the key to successful software and data reuse Other lessons learned included that early design of software modules should be done with a view toward future reuse. The portability and generality of American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) flat files that are not vendor specific enhance information reuse, whereas a relational database management system is more advantageous when performing operations associated with the relationships between tables. Because of the interoperability and efficiency obtained from software reuse, the OSS program derived substantial benefits from this effort.... Operations Support System (OSS), Joint Operations Tactical System (JOTS), Integrated Database (IDB).

The purpose of this Technical Report is to review the Final Software Design Document, CDRL A006-03, which was produced for the Government by Evaluation Research Corporation. The results are provided in the form of Data Item Discrepancy worksheets as requested by the CMOS Program Office.

Magdalena Ridge Observatory (MRO) Interferometer is a ten telescope optical interferometer array being built on the Magdalena Mountains 20 miles west of Socorro, New Mexico. The interferometer is being designed by collaboration between New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology and the University of Cambridge. The science mission and requirements have been finalized which has helped to begin engineering design and development culminating in detailed conceptual designs. Some of the proposed hardware and software implementations are currently being tested in the lab. We present an engineering overview of the conceptual design and the proposed hardware and software implementations.

This paper discusses the design of sparse Gaussian elimination codes, in particular the effects of certain flexibility and cost constraints on the design, and possible tradeoffs among the design goals of flexibility, speed, and small size.

Interactive simulations are a highly suitable tool for training managers in their increasingly complex roles in software project management. This research effort designs and implements an interactive user friendly interface for the system dynamics software development and project management model using a flight simulator as a metaphor. Methods and techniques for good user interface development are considered and implemented using the Ventana Simulation (Vensim) application development, modeling, and analysis environment. The resulting interface facilitates the user experimentation with management policy strategies and decision making, as well as the investigation of scenarios to determine what the circumstances were that caused the project's expected behavior to vary. The analysis capabilities of the interface enables the user to trace cause-and-effect relationships that are often invisible and not considered when making management decisions. The interface's causal tracing functionality significantly enhances the value of the underlying model as a learning tool by facilitating the development of an integrated, improved vision of the world that managers are responsible in control.

From the bitsavers.org collection, a scanned-in computer-related document. datapoint :: software :: 61695 RMS Interactive Software Design Practices 1984

From the bitsavers.org collection, a scanned-in computer-related document. datapoint :: software :: 61695 RMS Interactive Software Design Practices 1984