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In this document, we compare three existing simulation platforms (OPNET Modeler, Network Simulator 2, Georgia Tech Sensor Network Simulator). Our comparative study focuses on ease of use, scalability, ease of implementing power consumption model and physical layer modeling accuracy, mainly. Conclusions of this study are presented, and will help us decide which simulating environment to use for evaluating power-aware self-organizing sensor networks protocols.

Wireless sensor network is a wireless network consisting of small nodes with sensing, computation, and wireless communication capabilities. One of the most important issues in Wireless sensor networks WSNs is collecting and processing data perceived from the environment and sending that data to be processed and evaluated. Routing data towards the destination node is a fundamental task in WSNs. The data exchange is supported by multihop communications. Routing protocols are in charge of discovering and maintaining the routes in the networks. In this research work, the performance of the different routing protocols in wireless sensor network based on air pollution area is derived. Sensor nodes are deployed in two types of scenario grid and random. And, simulation result outcomes are evaluated using the different routing protocols like Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector AODV Destination Sequenced Distance Vector Routing DSDV and Dynamic Source Routing DSR in two scenarios. This system is implemented in Network Simulator NS2 . The main focus of this paper is to evaluate the performance of the different routing protocols in random scenarios. The comparison between three different routing protocols is simulated between 10, 50 and 100 nodes. By Khaing Khaing Maw "Performance Comparison of Different Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Network in Air Pollution Area" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26760.pdf Paper URL https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/26760/performance-comparison-of-different-routing-protocols-for-wireless-sensor-network-in-air-pollution-area/khaing-khaing-maw

A structure for extracting and mining wireless sensor data. This structure consists of a new formulation for data mining technique using the association rule by distributed extraction method. The new design express the sequential relations between wireless sensors and association rules using data mining technique for estimating the value of missed events and also to improve the performance. The proposed distributed method is designed with wireless sensor network to improve the network life time by minimizing number of messages required for the mining process. The experiment results have shown that our methodology can reduce the number of exchanged messages at least by 40% compared to the existing other methods. The wireless sensor network automatically collects the information or data. The compressed representation structure (CRS) is able to compress the data and sensor network provides easy and fast collection of data. The mining process of the CRS is compared and analyzed.

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a network consisting of self-governing sensors that are deployed in space and communicate with each other using wireless technology to monitor physical or environmental variables. These networks generally include compact, inexpensive sensor nodes equipped with sensing, processing, and communication functionalities. WSNs are specifically engineered to gather data from their immediate environment, do local data processing, and subsequently communicate pertinent information either to a central hub or to other interconnected nodes within the network. Continuous research in the domain of WSNs is devoted to advancing security concerns, developing novel sensing technologies, and optimizing communication protocols. The advancements in these domains enhance the ongoing development and efficiency of WSNs. The WSNs are very important for getting information from the real world in many situations. WSNs are flexible tools for keeping an eye on and controlling different environments because they have sensor nodes, wireless communication, and distributed processing. WSNs use network-on-chip (NoC) communication architecture to connect sensor nodes. The article explains the introduction to WSN, the background of wireless communication, motivation, ZigBee protocol, and WSN applications.

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) can provide a substantial benefit in spacecraft systems, reducing launch weight and providing unprecedented flexibility by allowing instrumentation capabilities to grow and change over time. Achieving data transport reliability on par with that of wired systems, however, can prove extremely challenging in practice. Fortunately, much progress has been made in developing standard WSN radio protocols for applications from non-critical home automation to mission-critical industrial process control. The relative performances of candidate protocols must be compared in representative aerospace environments, however, to determine their suitability for spaceflight applications. In this paper, we will present the results of a rigorous laboratory analysis of the performance of two standards-based, low power, low data rate WSN protocols: ZigBee Pro and ISA100.11a. Both are based on IEEE 802.15.4 and augment that standard's specifications to build complete, multi-hop networking stacks. ZigBee Pro targets primarily the home and office automation markets, providing an ad-hoc protocol that is computationally lightweight and easy to implement in inexpensive system-on-a-chip components. As a result of this simplicity, however, ZigBee Pro can be susceptible to radio frequency (RF) interference. ISA100.11a, on the other hand, targets the industrial process control market, providing a robust, centrally-managed protocol capable of tolerating a significant amount of RF interference. To achieve these gains, a coordinated channel hopping mechanism is employed, which entails a greater computational complexity than ZigBee and requires more sophisticated and costly hardware. To guide future aerospace deployments, we must understand how well these standards relatively perform in analog environments under expected operating conditions. Specifically, we are interested in evaluating goodput -- application level throughput -- in a representative crewed environment in the presence of varying levels of 802.11g Wi-Fi traffic. To do so, we use the NASA Johnson Space Center Wireless Habitat Testbed (WHT), a metallic, habitation-sized module designed for co-existence testing of wireless systems. In its quiescent state, the sealed WHT provides an RF-quiet environment to which we can selectively add interfering systems; it also provides a realistic level of multi-path self-interference for systems under investigation. In our test, we deploy two representative five node networks, configured in a star topology with all nodes reporting directly to a WSN gateway. Each ZigBee network WSN node is built using a Texas Instruments (TI) CC2530 system-on-a-chip radio running TI's ZigBee Pro Z-stack. Each ISA100.11a network node is built using a Nivis VersaNode 210 system-on-a-chip radio. In both cases, radios interface with TI MSP430-F5438 microcontroller implementing a common test application. Interference is provided by a D-link 802.11g Wi-Fi router transporting traffic generated using the Iperf network testing tool. For the single-channel ZigBee network, effects of both direct and indirect Wi-Fi interference are evaluated. For the channel-hopping ISA100.11a network, effects of interference from multiple Wi-Fi routers configured in non-overlapping 802.11g channels are evaluated. Our results show that, in general, the more lightweight ZigBee network performs well at low interference levels, but performance degrades as interference increases. Conversely, the more complex and costly ISA100.11a network continues to perform well as Wi-Fi interference levels increase.

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of a large number of sensor nodes capable of sensing, computation and communications. WSNs have become an effective and attractive choice for various applications because of low cost, ease of deployment, adhoc and multifunctional capabilities. Various protocols have specially designed for the Wireless Sensor Networks in terms of routing, power management and data dissemination. The focus of the various routing protocols might differ depending on the application and network architecture. In the proposed paper, an attempt is made to present the state-of-the-art routing techniques and the design challenges for various routing protocols in WSNs. The main focus is to discuss and evaluate the performance of different routing protocols with the help of important metrics and parameters. On the basis of simulated results from empirical study and literature review recommendations are made for better selection of protocol for the given design conditions.

This paper focuses on energy efficient routing protocols of wireless sensor network for the crop monitoring of precision agriculture. Precision agriculture can be defined as the advanced technology which is used the art and science to enhance crop production. In order to develop the precision agriculture, wireless sensor network technology becomes main issues in crop monitoring system. In this paper, two energy efficient and scalable routing protocols, Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy LEACH and Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering DEEC protocols are analyzed in 100 square meters area with 100 sensor nodes. This paper mainly presents the dead nodes, alive nodes and amount of data received of routing protocols which will become main issues of crop monitoring system in precision agriculture. MATLAB software is utilized as core simulator for this research. By Than Htike Aung | Kyaw Zin Latt "Performance Analysis on Energy Efficient and Scalable Routing Protocols of Wireless Sensor Network for Precision Agriculture" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd27989.pdf Paper URL https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/27989/performance-analysis-on-energy-efficient-and-scalable-routing-protocols-of-wireless-sensor-network-for-precision-agriculture/than-htike-aung

Without the network model, node can’t communicate with each other. When a node sends data to any another node in that network either data flows directly or indirectly through number of different hops. Different layers are associated with the model having their objective and responsibility. In wireless sensor network (WSN), the nodes are communicated with their goals from time to time following the structure of the network, number of protocols working on different layers of the model. Here, our focus on the topology and routing protocols behaviour in WSN. Analysis on the act of routing protocol like DSDV, AOMDV, AODV and DSR over the different topologies like chain, grid and parking lot. And also considering the performance of responsive and unresponsive flow of the network. The results are analyzed depending upon the simulation metrics like throughput, delay, jitter, PDR (packet delivery ratio), packet drop. Simulations are done using NS2 and the graphs are plotted by using gnuplot.