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Seed Dispersal Ecology of Squawapple (Rosaceae: Peraphyllum ramosissimum)

Seed germination and establishment ecology of big sagebrush and rubber rabbitbrush and its relationship to artificial seeding success

Interest in seagrass restoration is increasing worldwide as the value of seagrass ecosystems is recognized by scientists, managers and regulators (Orth et al. 2000, 2006b, 2006c). Seagrass transplanting projects have traditionally relied on adult plants (Fonseca et al. 1998) using a variety of manual and mechanical techniques (Fonseca et al. 1998, Fishman et al. 2004, Treat and Lewis 2006). However, most techniques using adult plants are laborintensive and time-consuming, requiring physical excavation of the donor material, which could be deleterious to the donor bed s survival. In addition, transporting adult plants can present logistical constraints if the transplant site is located at significant distances from the donor site, or if the methodology requires moving sediment along with the plants. One of the key advantages of transplanting adult plants is the immediate creation of habitat for fauna, which have been shown to colonize these areas rapidly (Fonseca et al. 1996). While most seagrass restoration projects cover small areas of meters to tens of meters squared, efforts to restore larger areas may be necessary to significantly enhance recovery. Seeds offer the potential to restore large, genetically diverse populations of submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) in a manner that avoids the damage to donor beds caused by harvesting adult transplants. Seagrass seeds have been shown to be critical in natural bed recovery following disturbances (Plus et al. 2003) and in initiating recovery in systems where seed recruitment is rare (Orth et al. 2006d). Much of the research on the use of seeds in SAV restoration has focused on a single species, Zostera marina (eelgrass) (Figure 1). As a result, more is known about the seed ecology of Z. marina than any other seagrass species.

Interest in seagrass restoration is increasing worldwide as the value of seagrass ecosystems is recognized by scientists, managers and regulators (Orth et al. 2000, 2006b, 2006c). Seagrass transplanting projects have traditionally relied on adult plants (Fonseca et al. 1998) using a variety of manual and mechanical techniques (Fonseca et al. 1998, Fishman et al. 2004, Treat and Lewis 2006). However, most techniques using adult plants are laborintensive and time-consuming, requiring physical excavation of the donor material, which could be deleterious to the donor bed s survival. In addition, transporting adult plants can present logistical constraints if the transplant site is located at significant distances from the donor site, or if the methodology requires moving sediment along with the plants. One of the key advantages of transplanting adult plants is the immediate creation of habitat for fauna, which have been shown to colonize these areas rapidly (Fonseca et al. 1996). While most seagrass restoration projects cover small areas of meters to tens of meters squared, efforts to restore larger areas may be necessary to significantly enhance recovery. Seeds offer the potential to restore large, genetically diverse populations of submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) in a manner that avoids the damage to donor beds caused by harvesting adult transplants. Seagrass seeds have been shown to be critical in natural bed recovery following disturbances (Plus et al. 2003) and in initiating recovery in systems where seed recruitment is rare (Orth et al. 2006d). Much of the research on the use of seeds in SAV restoration has focused on a single species, Zostera marina (eelgrass) (Figure 1). As a result, more is known about the seed ecology of Z. marina than any other seagrass species.

Interest in seagrass restoration is increasing worldwide as the value of seagrass ecosystems is recognized by scientists, managers and regulators (Orth et al. 2000, 2006b, 2006c). Seagrass transplanting projects have traditionally relied on adult plants (Fonseca et al. 1998) using a variety of manual and mechanical techniques (Fonseca et al. 1998, Fishman et al. 2004, Treat and Lewis 2006). However, most techniques using adult plants are laborintensive and time-consuming, requiring physical excavation of the donor material, which could be deleterious to the donor bed s survival. In addition, transporting adult plants can present logistical constraints if the transplant site is located at significant distances from the donor site, or if the methodology requires moving sediment along with the plants. One of the key advantages of transplanting adult plants is the immediate creation of habitat for fauna, which have been shown to colonize these areas rapidly (Fonseca et al. 1996). While most seagrass restoration projects cover small areas of meters to tens of meters squared, efforts to restore larger areas may be necessary to significantly enhance recovery. Seeds offer the potential to restore large, genetically diverse populations of submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) in a manner that avoids the damage to donor beds caused by harvesting adult transplants. Seagrass seeds have been shown to be critical in natural bed recovery following disturbances (Plus et al. 2003) and in initiating recovery in systems where seed recruitment is rare (Orth et al. 2006d). Much of the research on the use of seeds in SAV restoration has focused on a single species, Zostera marina (eelgrass) (Figure 1). As a result, more is known about the seed ecology of Z. marina than any other seagrass species.

Interest in seagrass restoration is increasing worldwide as the value of seagrass ecosystems is recognized by scientists, managers and regulators (Orth et al. 2000, 2006b, 2006c). Seagrass transplanting projects have traditionally relied on adult plants (Fonseca et al. 1998) using a variety of manual and mechanical techniques (Fonseca et al. 1998, Fishman et al. 2004, Treat and Lewis 2006). However, most techniques using adult plants are laborintensive and time-consuming, requiring physical excavation of the donor material, which could be deleterious to the donor bed s survival. In addition, transporting adult plants can present logistical constraints if the transplant site is located at significant distances from the donor site, or if the methodology requires moving sediment along with the plants. One of the key advantages of transplanting adult plants is the immediate creation of habitat for fauna, which have been shown to colonize these areas rapidly (Fonseca et al. 1996). While most seagrass restoration projects cover small areas of meters to tens of meters squared, efforts to restore larger areas may be necessary to significantly enhance recovery. Seeds offer the potential to restore large, genetically diverse populations of submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) in a manner that avoids the damage to donor beds caused by harvesting adult transplants. Seagrass seeds have been shown to be critical in natural bed recovery following disturbances (Plus et al. 2003) and in initiating recovery in systems where seed recruitment is rare (Orth et al. 2006d). Much of the research on the use of seeds in SAV restoration has focused on a single species, Zostera marina (eelgrass) (Figure 1). As a result, more is known about the seed ecology of Z. marina than any other seagrass species.

Seed germination ecology and sapling establishment features of Pterocarpus santalinus - an endemic and dominant tree in dry deciduous forests of hill ranges in Kadapa region of Sheshachalam Biosphere Reserve

This article is from PLoS ONE , volume 9 . Abstract Echinochloa glabrescens is a C4 grass weed that is very competitive with rice when left uncontrolled. The competitive ability of weeds is intensified in direct-seeded rice production systems. A better understanding is needed of factors affecting weed seed germination, which can be used as a component of integrated weed management in direct-seeded rice. This study was conducted to determine the effects of temperature, light, salt and osmotic stress, burial depth, crop residue, time and depth of flooding, and herbicide application on the emergence, survival, and growth of two populations [Nueva Ecija (NE) and Los Baños (IR)] of E. glabrescens. Seeds from both populations germinated at all temperatures. The NE population had a higher germination rate (88%) from light stimulation than did the IR population (34%). The salt concentration and osmotic potential required to inhibit 50% of germination were 313 mM and −0.24 MPa, respectively, for the NE population and 254 mM and −0.33 MPa, respectively, for the IR population. Emergence in the NE population was totally inhibited at 4-cm burial depth in the soil, whereas that of the IR population was inhibited at 8 cm. Compared with zero residue, the addition of 5 t ha−1 of rice residue reduced emergence in the NE and IR populations by 38% and 9%, respectively. Early flooding (within 2 days after sowing) at 2-cm depth reduced shoot growth by 50% compared with non-flooded conditions. Pretilachlor applied at 0.075 kg ai ha−1 followed by shallow flooding (2-cm depth) reduced seedling emergence by 94−96% compared with the nontreated flooded treatment. Application of postemergence herbicides at 4-leaf stage provided 85−100% control in both populations. Results suggest that integration of different strategies may enable sustainable management of this weed and of weeds with similar germination responses.

The Lane Mountain milkvetch, Astragalus jaegerianus, is an endangered species that exists in fragmented populations in the Mojave Desert. UCLA monitored populations have declined by 76% since 1999 due to drought. Reintroduction experiments support this idea: supplemental water increased seedling survivorship. Phenological studies suggest that between-year differences in A. jaegerianus phenology are pronounced, and controlled by annual differences in precipitation. Seed production per plant is highly variable. Study plants had significant reproductive potential that was unrealized in 2011 and 2012. High precipitation in 2011 is a likely explanation for increases in seed production in some plants, but the strong negative effect of herbivory on other plants appears to have overwhelmed the positive effect of precipitation on seed production. The soil seed bank may be categorized as low, persistent, and largely restricted to the area beneath host shrubs with active A. jaegerianus. Seed dispersal is low. The post-dispersal seed bank, significantly declined in 2011 despite increases in precipitation. Decreases in soil seed density are attributable to two factors: (1) a decrease in seed production due to increases in herbivory, and (2) an increase in seed predation due to high seed predator populations and an extended fruit dehiscing period.

Book Source: Digital Library of India Item 2015.162977 dc.contributor.author: Gary W.frasier Raymond A.evans dc.contributor.other: U.s.department Of Agriculture dc.date.accessioned: 2015-07-06T22:47:50Z dc.date.available: 2015-07-06T22:47:50Z dc.date.digitalpublicationdate: 2025-08-03 dc.identifier: CMU dc.identifier.barcode: 1990050006538 dc.identifier.origpath: /data/upload/0006/542 dc.identifier.copyno: 1 dc.identifier.uri: http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/162977 dc.description.scanningcentre: AKCE, Universal Digital Library dc.description.main: 1 dc.description.tagged: 0 dc.description.totalpages: 316 dc.format.mimetype: application/pdf dc.language.iso: English dc.publisher.digitalrepublisher: Akce Universal Digital Library dc.publisher: U.s.department Of Agriculture dc.rights: Out_of_copyright dc.source.library: Cmu dc.subject.classification: Agricultural Research dc.title: Proceedings Of Symposium Seed And Seedbed Ecology Of Regeland Plants dc.rights.holder: U.s.department Of Agriculture

Book Source: Digital Library of India Item 2015.162977 dc.contributor.author: Gary W.frasier Raymond A.evans dc.contributor.other: U.s.department Of Agriculture dc.date.accessioned: 2015-07-06T22:47:50Z dc.date.available: 2015-07-06T22:47:50Z dc.date.digitalpublicationdate: 2025-08-03 dc.identifier: CMU dc.identifier.barcode: 1990050006538 dc.identifier.origpath: /data/upload/0006/542 dc.identifier.copyno: 1 dc.identifier.uri: http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/162977 dc.description.scanningcentre: AKCE, Universal Digital Library dc.description.main: 1 dc.description.tagged: 0 dc.description.totalpages: 316 dc.format.mimetype: application/pdf dc.language.iso: English dc.publisher.digitalrepublisher: Akce Universal Digital Library dc.publisher: U.s.department Of Agriculture dc.rights: Out_of_copyright dc.source.library: Cmu dc.subject.classification: Agricultural Research dc.title: Proceedings Of Symposium Seed And Seedbed Ecology Of Regeland Plants dc.rights.holder: U.s.department Of Agriculture

Book Source: Digital Library of India Item 2015.162977 dc.contributor.author: Gary W.frasier Raymond A.evans dc.contributor.other: U.s.department Of Agriculture dc.date.accessioned: 2015-07-06T22:47:50Z dc.date.available: 2015-07-06T22:47:50Z dc.date.digitalpublicationdate: 2025-08-03 dc.identifier: CMU dc.identifier.barcode: 1990050006538 dc.identifier.origpath: /data/upload/0006/542 dc.identifier.copyno: 1 dc.identifier.uri: http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/162977 dc.description.scanningcentre: AKCE, Universal Digital Library dc.description.main: 1 dc.description.tagged: 0 dc.description.totalpages: 316 dc.format.mimetype: application/pdf dc.language.iso: English dc.publisher.digitalrepublisher: Akce Universal Digital Library dc.publisher: U.s.department Of Agriculture dc.rights: Out_of_copyright dc.source.library: Cmu dc.subject.classification: Agricultural Research dc.title: Proceedings Of Symposium Seed And Seedbed Ecology Of Regeland Plants dc.rights.holder: U.s.department Of Agriculture

This article is from Journal of Insect Science , volume 10 . Abstract Rhytidoponera violacea (Forel) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is a keystone seed disperser in Kwongan heathl and habitats of southwestern Australia. Like many myrmecochorous ants, little is known about the basic biology of this species. In this study various aspects of the biology of R. violacea were examined and the researchers evaluated how these characteristics may influence seed dispersal. R. violacea nesting habits (relatively shallow nests), foraging behavior (scramble competitor and lax food selection criteria), and other life history characteristics complement their role as a mutualist that interacts with the seeds of many plant species.

This article is from Journal of Insect Science , volume 10 . Abstract Rhytidoponera violacea (Forel) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is a keystone seed disperser in Kwongan heathl and habitats of southwestern Australia. Like many myrmecochorous ants, little is known about the basic biology of this species. In this study various aspects of the biology of R. violacea were examined and the researchers evaluated how these characteristics may influence seed dispersal. R. violacea nesting habits (relatively shallow nests), foraging behavior (scramble competitor and lax food selection criteria), and other life history characteristics complement their role as a mutualist that interacts with the seeds of many plant species.

Alstonia scholaris is an evergreen winter blooming hermaphroditic tree species. The floral traits such as anthesis during dusk and early dark hours, creamy white or greenish white color, pungent odor and low volume of nectar indicate that it is adapted for moth-pollination. Accordingly, it is pollinated

Alstonia scholaris is an evergreen winter blooming hermaphroditic tree species. The floral traits such as anthesis during dusk and early dark hours, creamy white or greenish white color, pungent odor and low volume of nectar indicate that it is adapted for moth-pollination. Accordingly, it is pollinated

Alstonia scholaris is an evergreen winter blooming hermaphroditic tree species. The floral traits such as anthesis during dusk and early dark hours, creamy white or greenish white color, pungent odor and low volume of nectar indicate that it is adapted for moth-pollination. Accordingly, it is pollinated

Alstonia scholaris is an evergreen winter blooming hermaphroditic tree species. The floral traits such as anthesis during dusk and early dark hours, creamy white or greenish white color, pungent odor and low volume of nectar indicate that it is adapted for moth-pollination. Accordingly, it is pollinated

Alstonia scholaris is an evergreen winter blooming hermaphroditic tree species. The floral traits such as anthesis during dusk and early dark hours, creamy white or greenish white color, pungent odor and low volume of nectar indicate that it is adapted for moth-pollination. Accordingly, it is pollinated

This volume was digitized and made accessible online due to deterioration of the original print copy.

This volume was digitized and made accessible online due to deterioration of the original print copy.