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Thesis advisor, R. Mitchell Brown

Document number CIA-RDP84-00780R001400090070-3 declassified and released through the CIA's CREST database. Previously available only on four computers located outside of Washington D.C., the Agency was successfully pressured into putting the files online as a result of a MuckRock lawsuit and the efforts of Emma Best. The metadata was collected by Data.World, and the files are now being archived and made text searchable by the Internet Archive.

The paper analyzes the education system of private security personnel in Slovenia. Through the presentation and comparison of education and training programs for obtaining national professional qualification (hereafter: NPQ) and secondary and post-secondary education programs, it indicates shortcomings and opportunities for improvement. The theoretical part used a descriptive method and an analysis of professional literature, legal, and by-laws in the field of private security and education. On this basis, the historical background and current regulation in the Republic of Slovenia were presented. The analysis and comparison consisted mainly of education programs and programs for obtaining NPQ. In the empirical work, the focus group included security personnel based on different ways of obtaining education, certification or ID card for security personnel, as well as security managers and lecturers at various levels of education and training. The findings show that the subjects in the field of private security in the training and education programs are very similar in content, they are also comparable in terms of duration and the ratio between theoretical and practical work. Since the programs are not adequately upgraded according to the level of education, it would be necessary to update the programs and at the same time ensure the competence of the practitioners of the pedagogical process. It would also make sense to regulate the conditioning of the approach to training for different NPQs with work experience. The findings are useful especially for creators of education and training programs and proponents of laws regulating private security, secondary and higher education, and NPQ. They could also be important for other countries that have a similarly organized private security personnel education system and/or want to reform their existing system. [For the complete volume, "NORDSCI International Conference Proceedings: 5th Anniversary Edition (Sofia, Bulgaria, October 17-19, 2022). Book 1. Volume 5," see ED625663.]

This document describes security guidelines for the softwire "Hubs and Spokes" and "Mesh" solutions. Together with discussion of the softwire deployment scenarios, the vulnerability to security attacks is analyzed to provide security protection mechanisms such as authentication, integrity, and confidentiality to the softwire control and data packets. [STANDARDS-TRACK]

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With the ever expanding amount of sensitive data being placed into computer systems, the need for effective cybersecurity is of utmost importance. However, there is a shortage of detailed empirical studies of security vulnerabilities from which cybersecurity metrics and best practices could be determined. This thesis has two main research goals: (1) to explore the distribution and characteristics of security vulnerabilities based on the information provided in bug tracking systems and (2) to develop data analytics approaches for automatic classification of bug reports as security or non-security related. This work is based on using three NASA datasets as case studies. The empirical analysis showed that the majority of software vulnerabilities belong only to a small number of types. Addressing these types of vulnerabilities will consequently lead to cost efficient improvement of software security. Since this analysis requires labeling of each bug report in the bug tracking system, we explored using machine learning to automate the classification of each bug report as a security or non-security related (two-class classification), as well as each security related bug report as specific security type (multiclass classification). In addition to using supervised machine learning algorithms, a novel unsupervised machine learning approach is proposed. An ac- curacy of 92%, recall of 96%, precision of 92%, probability of false alarm of 4%, F-Score of 81% and G-Score of 90% were the best results achieved during two-class classification. Furthermore, an accuracy of 80%, recall of 80%, precision of 94%, and F-score of 85% were the best results achieved during multiclass classification.

Grammatical inference is a form of machine learning focusing on induction of formal grammars. Such induction is particularly useful for learning abstractions of software systems, either actively through queries, or passively through observation of behavior. In this talk, I will give three examples of how grammatical inference can be applied in security and software analysis. First, I will discuss inference of protocol state machines in the realistic high-latency network setting, and applications of such inference to the analysis of botnet Command and Control (C&C) protocols. The proposed technique enables an order of magnitude reduction in the number of queries and time needed to learn a proprietary botnet C&C protocol compared to classic algorithms. I will also show that the computed protocol state machines enable formal analysis for botnet defense. Second, I will show how the inference of protocol state machines can be combined with Directed Automated Random Testing (DART). The combination, called Model-inference-Assisted Concolic Execution (MACE) learns a state machine that abstracts the implemented protocol state machine. Using the inferred state machine, MACE guides further search and keeps refining the abstraction. Experiments show that MACE finds 7x more vulnerabilities than the baseline approach, achieves up to 58% higher instruction coverage, and gets significantly deeper into the search space. Third, I will discuss a novel approach to automated malware detection and classification based on tree automata inference. After a brief introduction to malware analysis, I'm going to present a technique for inference of k-testable tree automata from kernel system call dependency graphs and show how such automata can be used for detection and classification of malware. Finally, I will discuss possible directions for the future research. ©2011 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

Cloud computing is an emerging economical approach that allows businesses to move beyond creating their own IT teams towards outsourcing their applications, systems, including infrastructure requirements. Cloud technology was already emerged as a framework in addition to the fifth infrastructure services, after water, energy, fuel, and telecommunications. Moreover, the IT sector is undergoing a fundamental transition. Earlier, businesses would maintain existing operations by purchasing IT equipment, but then they are implementing technology on top of that architecture. Cloud computing is a paradigm wherein IT technology is rented as well as utilized as needed by the organization. This paper describes a comprehensive investigation of data confidentiality approaches in cloud technology, their limitations as well as various strategies for overcoming them.

Almost every electronic device is connected to the internet today. We have different mechanisms of connecting the devices for feasible communication that maybe wired or wireless. Also, wirelesses LANs are most popular and frequently used because of their cost effectiveness, easy deployment and configuration. A lot of data is being generated and transferred every day, which includes sensitive information. Network security consists of various policies and practices which prevent and monitor proper safeguard of network systems against misuse, unauthorized access of the information. Though different security techniques are implemented to protect this kind of information, but the threat of hackers is always lurking there, to intercept or intrude the security by finding loopholes in the wireless communication. This paper focuses on the existing wireless security protocols such as Wired Equivalent Piracy(WEP), Wi-Fi Protected Access(WPA), Wi-Fi Protected Access 2(WPA2) and their security issues. Farhaan Noor Hamdani"Comparative Analysis of Wireless Security Protocols and Issues" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd17130.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-network/17130/comparative-analysis-of-wireless-security-protocols-and-issues/farhaan-noor-hamdani

Almost every electronic device is connected to the internet today. We have different mechanisms of connecting the devices for feasible communication that maybe wired or wireless. Also, wirelesses LANs are most popular and frequently used because of their cost effectiveness, easy deployment and configuration. A lot of data is being generated and transferred every day, which includes sensitive information. Network security consists of various policies and practices which prevent and monitor proper safeguard of network systems against misuse, unauthorized access of the information. Though different security techniques are implemented to protect this kind of information, but the threat of hackers is always lurking there, to intercept or intrude the security by finding loopholes in the wireless communication. This paper focuses on the existing wireless security protocols such as Wired Equivalent Piracy(WEP), Wi-Fi Protected Access(WPA), Wi-Fi Protected Access 2(WPA2) and their security issues. Farhaan Noor Hamdani"Comparative Analysis of Wireless Security Protocols and Issues" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd17130.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-network/17130/comparative-analysis-of-wireless-security-protocols-and-issues/farhaan-noor-hamdani

Almost every electronic device is connected to the internet today. We have different mechanisms of connecting the devices for feasible communication that maybe wired or wireless. Also, wirelesses LANs are most popular and frequently used because of their cost effectiveness, easy deployment and configuration. A lot of data is being generated and transferred every day, which includes sensitive information. Network security consists of various policies and practices which prevent and monitor proper safeguard of network systems against misuse, unauthorized access of the information. Though different security techniques are implemented to protect this kind of information, but the threat of hackers is always lurking there, to intercept or intrude the security by finding loopholes in the wireless communication. This paper focuses on the existing wireless security protocols such as Wired Equivalent Piracy(WEP), Wi-Fi Protected Access(WPA), Wi-Fi Protected Access 2(WPA2) and their security issues. Farhaan Noor Hamdani"Comparative Analysis of Wireless Security Protocols and Issues" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd17130.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-network/17130/comparative-analysis-of-wireless-security-protocols-and-issues/farhaan-noor-hamdani

Almost every electronic device is connected to the internet today. We have different mechanisms of connecting the devices for feasible communication that maybe wired or wireless. Also, wirelesses LANs are most popular and frequently used because of their cost effectiveness, easy deployment and configuration. A lot of data is being generated and transferred every day, which includes sensitive information. Network security consists of various policies and practices which prevent and monitor proper safeguard of network systems against misuse, unauthorized access of the information. Though different security techniques are implemented to protect this kind of information, but the threat of hackers is always lurking there, to intercept or intrude the security by finding loopholes in the wireless communication. This paper focuses on the existing wireless security protocols such as Wired Equivalent Piracy(WEP), Wi-Fi Protected Access(WPA), Wi-Fi Protected Access 2(WPA2) and their security issues. Farhaan Noor Hamdani"Comparative Analysis of Wireless Security Protocols and Issues" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd17130.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-network/17130/comparative-analysis-of-wireless-security-protocols-and-issues/farhaan-noor-hamdani

The objective of this project is to examine the attitudes and perceptions of key stakeholders during DoD's implementation of the National Security Personnel System (NSPS). This analysis of the attitudes and perceptions of key stakeholders during DoD's implementation of NSPS will be aligned with the NSPS Key Performance Parameters (KPPs). Leveraging data from the DoD NSPS office, DMDC, OPM survey data, and other independent reports, this project will address the following questions: What are the key stakeholders' attitudes and perceptions towards DoD's implementation of NSPS, as viewed through the framework of the NSPS KPPs? What do these perceptions indicate about DoD meeting the NSPS KPPs? NSPS statistics were gathered and analyzed to support the analysis, conclusions and recommendations. The conclusions include identification of the prevailing attitudes and perceptions during NSPS implementation, with the emphasis on lessons learned and recommendations of best practices, which can be applied to future attempts at implementation of a pay for performance personnel system in a public organization.

The objective of this project is to examine the attitudes and perceptions of key stakeholders during DoD's implementation of the National Security Personnel System (NSPS). This analysis of the attitudes and perceptions of key stakeholders during DoD's implementation of NSPS will be aligned with the NSPS Key Performance Parameters (KPPs). Leveraging data from the DoD NSPS office, DMDC, OPM survey data, and other independent reports, this project will address the following questions: What are the key stakeholders' attitudes and perceptions towards DoD's implementation of NSPS, as viewed through the framework of the NSPS KPPs? What do these perceptions indicate about DoD meeting the NSPS KPPs? NSPS statistics were gathered and analyzed to support the analysis, conclusions and recommendations. The conclusions include identification of the prevailing attitudes and perceptions during NSPS implementation, with the emphasis on lessons learned and recommendations of best practices, which can be applied to future attempts at implementation of a pay for performance personnel system in a public organization.

John Ratcliffe memo on 2020 US Election Foreign Threats

John Ratcliffe memo on 2020 US Election Foreign Threats

The significant enhancement in demand for bring your own device (BYOD) mechanism in several organizations has sought the attention of several researchers in recent years. However, the utilization of BYOD comes with a high risk of losing crucial information due to lesser organizational control on employee-owned devices. The purpose of this article is to review and analyze the various security threats in BYOD; further we review the existing work that was developed in order to reduce the risks present in BYOD. A detailed review is presented to detect BYOD security threats and their respective security policies. A phase-by-phase mitigation strategy is developed based on the components and crucial elements identified using review policy. Managerial-level, social-level and technical level issues are identified such as illegal access, leaking delicate company data, lower flexibility, corporate data breaching, and employee privacy. It is analyzed that collaboration of people, security policy factors and technology in an effective manner can mitigate security threats present in the BYOD mechanism. This article initiates a move towards filling the security gap present the BYOD mechanism. This article can be utilized for providing guidelines in various organizations. Ultimately, successful implementation of BYOD depends upon the balance created between usability and security.

With the rapid development of the Internet, the number of malicious threats to organizations is continually increasing. In June of 2015, the United States Office of Personnel Management (OPM) had a data breach resulting in the compromise of millions of government employee records. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is not exempt from these attacks. Cyber security is becoming a critical facet to the discussion of moving forward with projects. The Spaceport Command and Control System (SCCS) project at the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) aims to develop the launch control system for the next generation launch vehicle in the coming decades. There are many ways to increase the security of the network it uses, from vulnerability management to ensuring operating system images are compliant with securely configured baselines recommended by the United States Government.

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This thesis examines the past impact United Nations Command (UNC) has had on South Korean security. With South Korea’s security environment facing significant changes today, including the transfer of wartime operational control (OPCON) and the push to establish a peace regime on the Korean Peninsula, the UNC is under debate over whether it has to remain in the peninsula. This thesis seeks to analyze the impact of the UNC on South Korea’s security on a comprehensive security concept to give insight into the debate. This thesis analyzes the UNC’s influence on South Korea’s security before and after the creation of the CFC in 1978, when the UNC’s role was changed. This thesis insists that the UNC has had different effects on the comprehensive security of South Korea. Prior to 1978, the UNC had a positive impact on South Korea’s military and economic security but had a somewhat negative impact on political and diplomatic security. Since 1978, the UNC has had a limited positive impact on South Korea’s military security and has played a positive role in diplomatic security. Based on these findings, this thesis proposes that South Korea should have diplomatic initiative to resolve Korean Peninsula issues. This thesis also suggests that before establishing a peace regime, there should be no room for concessions in denuclearization negotiations with North Korea. Finally, this thesis suggests that the UNC should remain as an extension of its past positive role.

Nik Lam, Ned Shawa http://linux.conf.au/schedule/presentation/162/ Apache Metron, formerly OpenSOC, integrates a variety of open source big data technologies in order to offer a centralized tool for security monitoring and analysis. Metron provides capabilities for log aggregation, full packet capture indexing, storage, advanced behavioral analytics and data enrichment, while applying the most current threat-intelligence information to security telemetry within a single platform. In this presentation, we'll provide an introduction to key big data elements used in Metron, such as NiFi, Storm, HDFS and HBase. We'll look at each one in the context of its role in Metron, with the goal of providing those who are new to these technologies sufficient background to apply Metron in a POC of their own.

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The incidence of violence in Honduras currently is the highest in Honduran history. In 2014, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime reported the Honduras homicide rate, at 90.4 per 100,000 inhabitants, as the highest in the world for nations outside of war. It is the foundation of this thesis that the Honduran security collapse is due to unresolved internal factors—political, economic, and societal—as well as the influence of foreign factors and actors—the evolution of the global illicit trade. Two of the most important areas affecting public security in Honduras are the challenges posed by transnational organized crime and the relative weakness and fragility of the Honduran state to provide basic needs and security to the population. The emergence of criminal gangs and drug traffickers, and the government’s security policies, are all factors that have worsened public security. The crime environment has overwhelmed the police, military, judicial system and overcrowded the prison system with mostly juvenile petty delinquents. Moreover, with a high impunity rate of nearly 95 percent for homicides, killing in Honduras has become an activity without consequences. The latest state’s response is with re-militarization of security, highlighting the dilemma of the challenges of combatting internal violence and transnational organized crime in a weak state.

The incidence of violence in Honduras currently is the highest in Honduran history. In 2014, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime reported the Honduras homicide rate, at 90.4 per 100,000 inhabitants, as the highest in the world for nations outside of war. It is the foundation of this thesis that the Honduran security collapse is due to unresolved internal factors—political, economic, and societal—as well as the influence of foreign factors and actors—the evolution of the global illicit trade. Two of the most important areas affecting public security in Honduras are the challenges posed by transnational organized crime and the relative weakness and fragility of the Honduran state to provide basic needs and security to the population. The emergence of criminal gangs and drug traffickers, and the government’s security policies, are all factors that have worsened public security. The crime environment has overwhelmed the police, military, judicial system and overcrowded the prison system with mostly juvenile petty delinquents. Moreover, with a high impunity rate of nearly 95 percent for homicides, killing in Honduras has become an activity without consequences. The latest state’s response is with re-militarization of security, highlighting the dilemma of the challenges of combatting internal violence and transnational organized crime in a weak state.

The incidence of violence in Honduras currently is the highest in Honduran history. In 2014, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime reported the Honduras homicide rate, at 90.4 per 100,000 inhabitants, as the highest in the world for nations outside of war. It is the foundation of this thesis that the Honduran security collapse is due to unresolved internal factors—political, economic, and societal—as well as the influence of foreign factors and actors—the evolution of the global illicit trade. Two of the most important areas affecting public security in Honduras are the challenges posed by transnational organized crime and the relative weakness and fragility of the Honduran state to provide basic needs and security to the population. The emergence of criminal gangs and drug traffickers, and the government’s security policies, are all factors that have worsened public security. The crime environment has overwhelmed the police, military, judicial system and overcrowded the prison system with mostly juvenile petty delinquents. Moreover, with a high impunity rate of nearly 95 percent for homicides, killing in Honduras has become an activity without consequences. The latest state’s response is with re-militarization of security, highlighting the dilemma of the challenges of combatting internal violence and transnational organized crime in a weak state.

The incidence of violence in Honduras currently is the highest in Honduran history. In 2014, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime reported the Honduras homicide rate, at 90.4 per 100,000 inhabitants, as the highest in the world for nations outside of war. It is the foundation of this thesis that the Honduran security collapse is due to unresolved internal factors—political, economic, and societal—as well as the influence of foreign factors and actors—the evolution of the global illicit trade. Two of the most important areas affecting public security in Honduras are the challenges posed by transnational organized crime and the relative weakness and fragility of the Honduran state to provide basic needs and security to the population. The emergence of criminal gangs and drug traffickers, and the government’s security policies, are all factors that have worsened public security. The crime environment has overwhelmed the police, military, judicial system and overcrowded the prison system with mostly juvenile petty delinquents. Moreover, with a high impunity rate of nearly 95 percent for homicides, killing in Honduras has become an activity without consequences. The latest state’s response is with re-militarization of security, highlighting the dilemma of the challenges of combatting internal violence and transnational organized crime in a weak state.

This research aims to analyze food insecurity in Pakistan, with a specific focus on wheat crop with in the Punjab province. It investigates the key issues, their causes, and proposes potential solutions to improve the overall effectiveness and efficiency of wheat procurement, transportation, and storage systems in Punjab. The study employed a mixed -methods approach incorporating field observation, data analysis, and questionnaires administered to district food controllers regarding the smuggling of wheat focus on wheat crop with in the Punjab province. It investigates the key issues, their causes, and proposes potential solutions to improve the overall effectiveness and efficiency of wheat procurement, transportation, and storage systems in Punjab. The study employed a mixed -methods approach incorporating field observation, data analysis, and questionnaires administered to district food controllers regarding the smuggling of wheat crop.

This thesis examines Security Enhanced Android. Both its policy and its additional security features are explored. The policy is examined in depth, providing a better understanding of the security provided by SE Android. We analyze the default SE Android policy. We identify a potential weakness and change the policy to facilitate control over communication channels. A proof-of-concept set of applications is developed to demonstrate how SE Android can be used to improve application security. The proof-of-concept policy is then analyzed to determine if security goals are met.

Security Cooperation with China - Analysis and a Proposal (1994)

Security Cooperation with China - Analysis and a Proposal (1994)

The Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) is undergoing its largest peacetime acquisition of air assets, with increased demand on its physical security elements. Its military working dog (MWD) workforce is required to meet an inventory of 204 by end of year 2023 as a means to provide effective security for RAAF assets. This thesis conducts two areas of research. First, an econometric analysis of MWD gender, breed, and source against select dependent performance variables. Second, a fixed inventory Markov model is developed to determine how many MWDs need to be recruited between 2016 and 2023 to meet the increased quota. My results find that male and vendor-purchased MWDs outperform female and RAAF-bred MWDs, with varying results between German Shepherds and Belgian Malinois. The Markov model transition probabilities validate as sufficiently stationary and determine that 282 canines need to be recruited over the prescribed time period to meet the 204 required by end of year 2023.

This report provides information on the commercialization potential of the NASA Activity Monitor. Data on current commercially available products, market size, and growth are combined with information on the NASA technology and the projected impact of this technology on the market.

Aravind Machiry, Chad Spensky, Jake Corina, Nick Stephens, Christopher Kruegel, and Giovanni Vigna, UC Santa Barbara While kernel drivers have long been know to poses huge security risks, due to their privileged access and lower code quality, bug-finding tools for drivers are still greatly lacking both in quantity and effectiveness. This is because the pointer-heavy code in these drivers present some of the hardest challenges to static analysis, and their tight coupling with the hardware make dynamic analysis infeasible in most cases. In this work, we present DR. CHECKER, a soundy (i.e., mostly sound) bug-finding tool for Linux kernel drivers that is based on well-known program analysis techniques. We are able to overcome many of the inherent limitations of static analysis by scoping our analysis to only the most bug-prone parts of the kernel (i.e., the drivers), and by only sacrificing soundness in very few cases to ensure that our technique is both scalable and precise. DR. CHECKER is a fully-automated static analysis tool capable of performing general bug finding using both pointer and taint analyses that are flow-sensitive, context-sensitive, and field-sensitive on kernel drivers. To demonstrate the scalability and efficacy of DR. CHECKER, we analyzed the drivers of nine production Linux kernels (3.1 million LOC), where it correctly identified 158 critical zero-day bugs with an overall precision of 78%. View the full program: https://www.usenix.org/sec17/program Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UHyDMiJEEz8 Uploader: USENIX

To avoid the tedious task of collecting water usage data by go user's home _ water meters that are equipped with wireless communication modules are now being put into use, in this talk we will take a water meter _which is using Lora wireless protocol_ as an example to analyze the security and privacy risks of this kind of meters_we will explain how to reverse engineer and analyze both the firmware and the hardware of a water meter system, we will be talking about its security risks from multiple perspectives , physical, data link, and sensors. Do notice that LORA is not only used in water meter ,it is being used in a lot of IoT scenarios_so the methods we employed to analyze LORA in this talk are also useful when you do tests of other LORA based systems . Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b7ekygjC3so Uploader: DEFCONConference

In the past decades, China's military modernization and economy fast development has increasingly attracted international attention, especially the United States. In addition, the PLA has begun to study the revolution in the military affairs (RMA) by focusing on asymmetric warfare capabilities under high-tech conditions. China definitely believes that asymmetric warfare operations have the advantage of creating a more smart attack style to avoid directly facing U.S. powerful military strength. In summary, asymmetric warfare operations are considered by the PLA as a kind of warfare that combined both the thinking of China's classic military strategist Sun Tzu \"using the inferior to defeat the superior\" and the demand of the modern information technology such as IW applications. In face of China's development of asymmetric warfare capabilities, the United States must deeply think about how to deal with the threat from China's asymmetric warfare operations, which is gradually becoming the superpower in the world.

Logics for security protocol analysis require the formalization of an adversary model that specifies the capabilities of adversaries. A common model is the Dolev-Yao model, which considers only adversaries that can compose and replay messages, and decipher them with known keys. The Dolev-Yao model is a useful abstraction, but it suffers from some drawbacks: it cannot handle the adversary knowing protocol-specific information, and it cannot handle probabilistic notions, such as the adversary attempting to guess the keys. We show how we can analyze security protocols under different adversary models by using a logic with a notion of algorithmic knowledge. Roughly speaking, adversaries are assumed to use algorithms to compute their knowledge; adversary capabilities are captured by suitable restrictions on the algorithms used. We show how we can model the standard Dolev-Yao adversary in this setting, and how we can capture more general capabilities including protocol-specific knowledge and guesses.

The United States Government and private industry are facing challenges in attempting to secure their computer network infrastructure. The purpose of this research was to capture current lessons learned from Government and Industry with respect to solving particular problems associated with the secure management of large networks. Nine thesis questions were generated to look at common security problems faced by enterprises in large networks. Research was predominantly gathered through personal interviews with professionals in the computer security area from both the public and private sector. The data was then analyzed to compile a set of lessons learned by both the public and private sector regarding several leading computer security issues. Some of the problems were challenges such as maintaining and improving security during operating systems upgrades, analyzing lessons learned in configurations management, employee education with regards to following policy and several other challenging issues. The results of this thesis were lessons learned in the areas of employee education, Government involvement in the computer security area and other key security areas. An additional result was the development of case studies based upon the lessons learned.

Analysis Of The Security Of Communications, 26 June 1945

This thesis presents a present value analysis of the Old-Age Survivors Insurance (OASI) comparing retirement benefits under Social Security with alternative private sector plans and provides a spreadsheet model for making this comparison of plans using different assumptions. The investigation was done by collecting data from various books, Government publications, and various Government agencies to conduct a spreadsheet analysis of three different wage-earning groups, assuming various real interest rates potentially earned in the private sector. A comparison of Social Security with alternative private sector plans is important to the DoD/DoN because less constrained budgets could result if Social Security is allowed to let individuals opt for private investment. The analysis presents clear findings showing that most people incur a net present value loss when comparing Social Security to the private sector if realistic real rates of return, on the order of four to seven percent, are used. Individuals only experience a net gain when an artificially low real rate of return of two percent, which is used by Social Security, is assumed.

This thesis presents a present value analysis of the Old-Age Survivors Insurance (OASI) comparing retirement benefits under Social Security with alternative private sector plans and provides a spreadsheet model for making this comparison of plans using different assumptions. The investigation was done by collecting data from various books, Government publications, and various Government agencies to conduct a spreadsheet analysis of three different wage-earning groups, assuming various real interest rates potentially earned in the private sector. A comparison of Social Security with alternative private sector plans is important to the DoD/DoN because less constrained budgets could result if Social Security is allowed to let individuals opt for private investment. The analysis presents clear findings showing that most people incur a net present value loss when comparing Social Security to the private sector if realistic real rates of return, on the order of four to seven percent, are used. Individuals only experience a net gain when an artificially low real rate of return of two percent, which is used by Social Security, is assumed.

In cloud computing technology, user can store large amount of data on storage provided by cloud and make use of resources as and when required, due to which, it becomes very significant. As a result, cloud computing technology has recently become a new model, by which we can host and deliver services over the internet. In cloud computing, resources are shared between different computers and other devices by means of the internet. There are so many issues, which have been observed in a cloud computing environment that need to be addressed. These issues can be categorized as: Security, Protection, Identity Management, Management of resources, Management of Power and Energy, Data Isolation, Availability of resources and Heterogeneity of resources. The first point of security, where, cryptography can facilitate cloud computing is secure storage, but the major disadvantages of secure storage is that we cannot perform processing on encrypted data. This paper presents the challenges and issues of security aspects in cloud computing method. We first look into the impacts of the distinctive characteristics of cloud computing, namely, multi-tenancy, elasticity and third party control, upon the security requirements. Then, we analyze the cloud security requirements in terms of the fundamental issues, i.e., confidentiality, integrity, availability, audit and compliance.

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Approved For Release 2000/08/21 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000300180045-9 BEST COPY A VAILABLE ON RLL ?fi- G'--S Approved For Release 2000/08/21 : CIA-RDP33-02415A000300180045-9

App MEMORANDUM FOR: P1r. Fred Hi tz Leggi 1aatt 11 oved For Release 2004/07/08: CIA-RDP$1 MQO~>30R(~~~4~8~~~~15-4 Re the attached, please appreciate the sensitivity of our problem. o n McMahon DDO 25X1 Ap~roved For Release 2004/07/08: CIA-RDI~~M00980R000400080015-4 ~ lUl EDITIONS loos Approved For Release 2004/07/08 :CIA-RDP81M00980F~1~0@~,Q.Q.~SL~51~~78 I OLC #7&~ j hiEhIORA^lDUM FOR: Mr. Anthony A. Lapham ~~~~ ~~~ General Counsel L~y~'~ FROhS: John N. McMahon Deputy Director for Operations SUBJECT: Phi 1 Heymann `s Letter of 28 .~dovernber Asking. fQr Analysis of National Security Impac'~: car the Kampiles Prosecution 1. I ~rould prefer that the Agency not respond to !-leyman~?~ on tF~G Kampiles case specifically. Tiuch too much has already k~ecr- cliscusscd in both classified and unclassified form. ~ . 2. Y would, however, like to raise the generic S7rol~lc~ra w~ lace as to how we can handle counterintelligence cases involving"U..~. S;aer~ sons when the basis for that case rests in a Dp0 opcrationy ~,.e., a source is involved. I see the obvious pitfalls ire such cases ti~hc~ro the GOO information is passed to the Bureau. far investiga.'~ian, ar~d the Bureau in turn pursues the case to the point where prosc~cutia~r~ is necessary; i.e., a crime is involved. That prosecution, i:f~-~~augi~~ the diSCOVery process, jeopardizes the source of the DCVO info~??maf:iQrr.. 3~ In addressing ourselves to this dilemma, we Seca i;hrc~e avenues of approach, not all of which are satisfac'cc~~?~!: a. Call the case to the FBI's attention so that the~~ ~~n investigate i t for attendant leads, but l irni is ai~~% ?~c~l li~ti~~~-t~r~ action to merely neutralizing the ease~~noc; ca-^r,~?z~r ii: i~Qt prosecution. Even in this instant@, such action. i uns t:hEk~~-~islc of calling attention to our source should i:he ha5tilc irttell}i-~ Bence service involved conduct the counterintctlligcrnce a~ialysis of their case. b. Call the case to the FBI's attention but. not cart^y i:he case to prosecution, accepting plea bargaining,. c. Obtain legislation which in essence ?loulci permit the DCT to submit an affidavit attesting to the veracif.,y o?f the 25X1 Approved For Release 2004/07/08 :CIA-RDP81 M00980R000400080015-4 Approved For Release 2004/07/08: CIA-RDP81 M00980R000400080015-4 SUBJPCT': Phil Heymann`s Letter of 28 November Asking for /analysis of National Security Impact of the Kampiles Prasecut-or~ of the prosecution's information concerning the defendants and. not permit the discovery process to go beyond that affidavit. 4. Our experience with the Department of Justice demonstrates that present arrangements do not provide adequate pratection for oc~r sources and methods, i wou]d like to see acceptanG.~~ an the {part of the Department of Justice .t at ~h`e~Iaw obliging us to protec:f: oiAS~. -~urcPS and methods remain paramount iri any tendency the Department ~.~ m`~~t have to prasecu~e _an -~ ntel_l i ~ence_-or ~ounterintel l i ger~ce case.. S. I recommend that any continued dialogue with the Department: of Justice on this subject, where specific trials are cited too classified,.. Attachment: Note for DDO fr GC dated 7Dec78 w/Att Distribution: Orig. - Addressee . ~ - DDO 1 - DDO Reg l - C/PCS 1 - ADDO - EA/DDO DDO : JPJh1c~~ahon :mob/ 1414 Approved For Release 2004/07/08: CIA-RDP8j11V100980R000400080015-4