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Robert Proctor is a historian of science at Stanford University. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: - Theragun: https://therabody.com/lex to get 30 day trial - BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/lex to get 10% off - Indeed: https://indeed.com/lex to get $75 credit - Grammarly: https://grammarly.com/lex to get 20% off premium - Eight Sleep: https://www.eightsleep.com/lex and use code LEX to get special savings EPISODE LINKS: Robert's Website: https://history.stanford.edu/people/robert-n-proctor The Nazi War on Cancer (book): https://amzn.to/3hjYzdZ Agnotology (book): https://amzn.to/3viS8A1 PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: - Check

Robert Proctor is a historian of science at Stanford University. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: - Theragun: https://therabody.com/lex to get 30 day trial - BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/lex to get 10% off - Indeed: https://indeed.com/lex to get $75 credit - Grammarly: https://grammarly.com/lex to get 20% off premium - Eight Sleep: https://www.eightsleep.com/lex and use code LEX to get special savings EPISODE LINKS: Robert's Website: https://history.stanford.edu/people/robert-n-proctor The Nazi War on Cancer (book): https://amzn.to/3hjYzdZ Agnotology (book): https://amzn.to/3viS8A1 PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: - Check

Various mechanisms have been proposed to explain why individuals hold pro- or anti-science beliefs. Some models focus on the role of political ideology and motivated reasoning, arguing that greater cognitive sophistication enables individuals to interpret evidence in an identity-consistent manner. Other models focus on the roles of basic science knowledge and cognitive sophistication, arguing that more general science knowledge and greater cognitive sophistication facilitate pro-science beliefs. To test these competing accounts, we identified a large range of controversial issues that are ostensibly subject to ideological disagreement and examined the relative roles of political ideology, science knowledge, and cognitive sophistication. Our results, which are consistent across two different nationally representative samples of Americans (N = 1,709), indicate that a combination of basic science knowledge and cognitive sophistication contribute more to science beliefs about various topics than political ideology. Furthermore, we found limited evidence for identity-protective cognition (i.e., motivated reasoning). By investigating a broad array of science-related beliefs, our results adjudicate between four accounts of science attitudes and suggest that educators and policymakers should focus on increasing basic science literacy and critical thinking instead of focusing on the ideological factors that divide people.

Various mechanisms have been proposed to explain why individuals hold pro- or anti-science beliefs. Some models focus on the role of political ideology and motivated reasoning, arguing that greater cognitive sophistication enables individuals to interpret evidence in an identity-consistent manner. Other models focus on the roles of basic science knowledge and cognitive sophistication, arguing that more general science knowledge and greater cognitive sophistication facilitate pro-science beliefs. To test these competing accounts, we identified a large range of controversial issues that are ostensibly subject to ideological disagreement and examined the relative roles of political ideology, science knowledge, and cognitive sophistication. Our results, which are consistent across two different nationally representative samples of Americans (N = 1,709), indicate that a combination of basic science knowledge and cognitive sophistication contribute more to science beliefs about various topics than political ideology. Furthermore, we found limited evidence for identity-protective cognition (i.e., motivated reasoning). By investigating a broad array of science-related beliefs, our results adjudicate between four accounts of science attitudes and suggest that educators and policymakers should focus on increasing basic science literacy and critical thinking instead of focusing on the ideological factors that divide people.

Various mechanisms have been proposed to explain why individuals hold pro- or anti-science beliefs. Some models focus on the role of political ideology and motivated reasoning, arguing that greater cognitive sophistication enables individuals to interpret evidence in an identity-consistent manner. Other models focus on the roles of basic science knowledge and cognitive sophistication, arguing that more general science knowledge and greater cognitive sophistication facilitate pro-science beliefs. To test these competing accounts, we identified a large range of controversial issues that are ostensibly subject to ideological disagreement and examined the relative roles of political ideology, science knowledge, and cognitive sophistication. Our results, which are consistent across two different nationally representative samples of Americans (N = 1,709), indicate that a combination of basic science knowledge and cognitive sophistication contribute more to science beliefs about various topics than political ideology. Furthermore, we found limited evidence for identity-protective cognition (i.e., motivated reasoning). By investigating a broad array of science-related beliefs, our results adjudicate between four accounts of science attitudes and suggest that educators and policymakers should focus on increasing basic science literacy and critical thinking instead of focusing on the ideological factors that divide people.

Helen Joyce is the author of TRANS: When Ideology Meets Reality, a 2021 bestseller recently reissued as Trans: Gender Identity and the New Battle for Women's Rights. Formerly a senior editor at The Economist, she now serves as Director of Advocacy for Sex Matters, a human rights organization focused on sex-based rights. Helen holds a PhD in mathematics, writes a column for The Critic, and shares her insights through a subscription newsletter on her website, thehelenjoyce.com. Helen Joyce discusses how gender ideology is impacting medicine, science, and society. She explains why gender clinics are harmful, calling them "tooth fairy medicine," and explores how this mindset affects education, safeguarding, and human rights. Helen also shares ideas on how we can push back and return to reality. Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this video are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official position of Genspect or its affiliates. While Genspect advocates for free speech and open dialogue, the content here represents individual perspectives. For more information on Genspect's position, please visit our website at https://genspect.org/our-position-faqs/. Introduction: 00:00 What Gender Medicine Really Is: 00:39 Hyper-Individualism Explained: 01:28 How Institutions Are Affected: 05:40 Impact on Education and Safeguarding: 10:19 The Problem with Gender Medicine: 14:34 Hope and Practical Steps: 21:57 Conclusion: 30:27 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Please subscribe, comment, like and share! Support our work: https://genspect.org/donate/ Follow us on Social Media: X: https://twitter.com/genspect Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Genspect Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/genspectinternational/ Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@Genspect ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #GenspectBiggerPicture #trans #gender

Helen Joyce is the author of TRANS: When Ideology Meets Reality, a 2021 bestseller recently reissued as Trans: Gender Identity and the New Battle for Women's Rights. Formerly a senior editor at The Economist, she now serves as Director of Advocacy for Sex Matters, a human rights organization focused on sex-based rights. Helen holds a PhD in mathematics, writes a column for The Critic, and shares her insights through a subscription newsletter on her website, thehelenjoyce.com. Helen Joyce discusses how gender ideology is impacting medicine, science, and society. She explains why gender clinics are harmful, calling them "tooth fairy medicine," and explores how this mindset affects education, safeguarding, and human rights. Helen also shares ideas on how we can push back and return to reality. Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this video are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official position of Genspect or its affiliates. While Genspect advocates for free speech and open dialogue, the content here represents individual perspectives. For more information on Genspect's position, please visit our website at https://genspect.org/our-position-faqs/. Introduction: 00:00 What Gender Medicine Really Is: 00:39 Hyper-Individualism Explained: 01:28 How Institutions Are Affected: 05:40 Impact on Education and Safeguarding: 10:19 The Problem with Gender Medicine: 14:34 Hope and Practical Steps: 21:57 Conclusion: 30:27 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Please subscribe, comment, like and share! Support our work: https://genspect.org/donate/ Follow us on Social Media: X: https://twitter.com/genspect Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Genspect Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/genspectinternational/ Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@Genspect ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #GenspectBiggerPicture #trans #gender

Helen Joyce is the author of TRANS: When Ideology Meets Reality, a 2021 bestseller recently reissued as Trans: Gender Identity and the New Battle for Women's Rights. Formerly a senior editor at The Economist, she now serves as Director of Advocacy for Sex Matters, a human rights organization focused on sex-based rights. Helen holds a PhD in mathematics, writes a column for The Critic, and shares her insights through a subscription newsletter on her website, thehelenjoyce.com. Helen Joyce discusses how gender ideology is impacting medicine, science, and society. She explains why gender clinics are harmful, calling them "tooth fairy medicine," and explores how this mindset affects education, safeguarding, and human rights. Helen also shares ideas on how we can push back and return to reality. Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this video are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official position of Genspect or its affiliates. While Genspect advocates for free speech and open dialogue, the content here represents individual perspectives. For more information on Genspect's position, please visit our website at https://genspect.org/our-position-faqs/. Introduction: 00:00 What Gender Medicine Really Is: 00:39 Hyper-Individualism Explained: 01:28 How Institutions Are Affected: 05:40 Impact on Education and Safeguarding: 10:19 The Problem with Gender Medicine: 14:34 Hope and Practical Steps: 21:57 Conclusion: 30:27 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Please subscribe, comment, like and share! Support our work: https://genspect.org/donate/ Follow us on Social Media: X: https://twitter.com/genspect Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Genspect Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/genspectinternational/ Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@Genspect ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- #GenspectBiggerPicture #trans #gender

Includes bibliographical references (p. 405-411) and index

Linda Strawn hosts this program which includes interviews with researchers and activists on the following topics: science fiction as a futurist tool in education; metaphors of mankind's spiritual journey as used by Christ; Marx and Mao; and humanity's destiny in the cosmos. The speakers are Dennis Livingston of Rensselaer Institute; Thomas Berry (1914-2009) of Riverdale Center for Religious Research; and Barbara Hubbard of the Committee for the Future. Produced by Linda Strawn.

Linda Strawn hosts this program which includes interviews with researchers and activists on the following topics: science fiction as a futurist tool in education; metaphors of mankind's spiritual journey as used by Christ; Marx and Mao; and humanity's destiny in the cosmos. The speakers are Dennis Livingston of Rensselaer Institute; Thomas Berry (1914-2009) of Riverdale Center for Religious Research; and Barbara Hubbard of the Committee for the Future. Produced by Linda Strawn.

Linda Strawn hosts this program which includes interviews with researchers and activists on the following topics: science fiction as a futurist tool in education; metaphors of mankind's spiritual journey as used by Christ; Marx and Mao; and humanity's destiny in the cosmos. The speakers are Dennis Livingston of Rensselaer Institute; Thomas Berry (1914-2009) of Riverdale Center for Religious Research; and Barbara Hubbard of the Committee for the Future. Produced by Linda Strawn.

Linda Strawn hosts this program which includes interviews with researchers and activists on the following topics: science fiction as a futurist tool in education; metaphors of mankind's spiritual journey as used by Christ; Marx and Mao; and humanity's destiny in the cosmos. The speakers are Dennis Livingston of Rensselaer Institute; Thomas Berry (1914-2009) of Riverdale Center for Religious Research; and Barbara Hubbard of the Committee for the Future. Produced by Linda Strawn.

Linda Strawn hosts this program which includes interviews with researchers and activists on the following topics: science fiction as a futurist tool in education; metaphors of mankind's spiritual journey as used by Christ; Marx and Mao; and humanity's destiny in the cosmos. The speakers are Dennis Livingston of Rensselaer Institute; Thomas Berry (1914-2009) of Riverdale Center for Religious Research; and Barbara Hubbard of the Committee for the Future. Produced by Linda Strawn.

Linda Strawn hosts this program which includes interviews with researchers and activists on the following topics: science fiction as a futurist tool in education; metaphors of mankind's spiritual journey as used by Christ; Marx and Mao; and humanity's destiny in the cosmos. The speakers are Dennis Livingston of Rensselaer Institute; Thomas Berry (1914-2009) of Riverdale Center for Religious Research; and Barbara Hubbard of the Committee for the Future. Produced by Linda Strawn.

Linda Strawn hosts this program which includes interviews with researchers and activists on the following topics: science fiction as a futurist tool in education; metaphors of mankind's spiritual journey as used by Christ; Marx and Mao; and humanity's destiny in the cosmos. The speakers are Dennis Livingston of Rensselaer Institute; Thomas Berry (1914-2009) of Riverdale Center for Religious Research; and Barbara Hubbard of the Committee for the Future. Produced by Linda Strawn.

Linda Strawn hosts this program which includes interviews with researchers and activists on the following topics: science fiction as a futurist tool in education; metaphors of mankind's spiritual journey as used by Christ; Marx and Mao; and humanity's destiny in the cosmos. The speakers are Dennis Livingston of Rensselaer Institute; Thomas Berry (1914-2009) of Riverdale Center for Religious Research; and Barbara Hubbard of the Committee for the Future. Produced by Linda Strawn.

Linda Strawn hosts this program which includes interviews with researchers and activists on the following topics: science fiction as a futurist tool in education; metaphors of mankind's spiritual journey as used by Christ; Marx and Mao; and humanity's destiny in the cosmos. The speakers are Dennis Livingston of Rensselaer Institute; Thomas Berry (1914-2009) of Riverdale Center for Religious Research; and Barbara Hubbard of the Committee for the Future. Produced by Linda Strawn.

Linda Strawn hosts this program which includes interviews with researchers and activists on the following topics: science fiction as a futurist tool in education; metaphors of mankind's spiritual journey as used by Christ; Marx and Mao; and humanity's destiny in the cosmos. The speakers are Dennis Livingston of Rensselaer Institute; Thomas Berry (1914-2009) of Riverdale Center for Religious Research; and Barbara Hubbard of the Committee for the Future. Produced by Linda Strawn.

Whenever science is under the control of ideology, as happened in Soviet Russia and Nazi Germany, the outlook is poor for objective research. Something similar is happening today in the West.

Psy-sciences (psychology, psychiatry, psychoanalysis, pedagogy, criminology, special education, etc.) have been connected to politics in diverse ways during the 20th and 21st centuries. Besides episodes in the history of psychoanalysis in politically troubled times, the chapters in the book explore the full variety of “psy” disciplines in dictatorships and authoritarian regimes such as Nazi Germany, East European communist regimes, a Latin-American military dictatorship, and the South African apartheid regime, discussing psychology’s role in legitimating and “normalizing” dictatorships. The essays’ authors also explain the ideological and political foundations of ideas concerning mental health and illness in Russia, Hungary, post-war Transylvania, and Germany. Currents of critical psychology are also discussed, which try to understand how academic, therapeutic, and everyday psychological knowledge is produced within the power relations of modern—market or state—capitalist societies.

This manuscript asks questions about what may be the naturalized, or taken for granted, ideologies in science education regarding religion. There have been times in history when religion has taken a dogmatic role in limiting the practices of science (e.g., the Roman Catholic Church and Galileo). This manuscript reflects on the dogmatic rule of religion and argues that now science may be in danger of imposing dogmatic ideals through reaching beyond the capacities of an empirical way of knowing. A Science, Technology, and Society (STS) approach to science teaching is considered as a possible mechanism for honoring both science and religion as valid yet different ways of knowing and better addressing students' integration of science learned in school into their everyday lives.

This manuscript asks questions about what may be the naturalized, or taken for granted, ideologies in science education regarding religion. There have been times in history when religion has taken a dogmatic role in limiting the practices of science (e.g., the Roman Catholic Church and Galileo). This manuscript reflects on the dogmatic rule of religion and argues that now science may be in danger of imposing dogmatic ideals through reaching beyond the capacities of an empirical way of knowing. A Science, Technology, and Society (STS) approach to science teaching is considered as a possible mechanism for honoring both science and religion as valid yet different ways of knowing and better addressing students' integration of science learned in school into their everyday lives.

This manuscript asks questions about what may be the naturalized, or taken for granted, ideologies in science education regarding religion. There have been times in history when religion has taken a dogmatic role in limiting the practices of science (e.g., the Roman Catholic Church and Galileo). This manuscript reflects on the dogmatic rule of religion and argues that now science may be in danger of imposing dogmatic ideals through reaching beyond the capacities of an empirical way of knowing. A Science, Technology, and Society (STS) approach to science teaching is considered as a possible mechanism for honoring both science and religion as valid yet different ways of knowing and better addressing students' integration of science learned in school into their everyday lives.

Published by the Public inquiry into anti-Alberta energy campaigns in 2021 as part of the engagement process , Professor Barry Cooper's report “ Background Report on Changes in the Organization and Ideology of Philanthropic Foundations with a Focus on Environmental Issues as Reflected in Contemporary Social Science Research ” was not made available in an accessible format. This upload intends only to remedy that. Barry Cooper - academic homepage at University of Calgary. Barry Cooper (political scientist) - Wikipedia. Barry Cooper - SourceWatch.

First Catholic Conference on Geocentrism November 6, 2010

First Catholic Conference on Geocentrism November 6, 2010

First Catholic Conference on Geocentrism November 6, 2010

First Catholic Conference on Geocentrism November 6, 2010

First Catholic Conference on Geocentrism November 6, 2010

First Catholic Conference on Geocentrism November 6, 2010

First Catholic Conference on Geocentrism November 6, 2010

Archaeological discoveries in Jerusalem capture worldwide attention in various media outlets. The continuing quest to discover the city’s physical remains is not simply an attempt to define Israel’s past or determine its historical legacy. In the context of the ongoing Israeli-Palestinian conflict, it is also an attempt to legitimate—or undercut—national claims to sovereignty. Bridging the ever-widening gap between popular coverage and specialized literature, Finding Jerusalem provides a comprehensive tour of the politics of archaeology in the city. Through a wide-ranging discussion of the material evidence, Katharina Galor illuminates the complex legal contexts and ethical precepts that underlie archaeological activity and the discourse of “cultural heritage” in Jerusalem. This book addresses the pressing need to disentangle historical documentation from the religious aspirations, social ambitions, and political commitments that shape its interpretation.

Archaeological discoveries in Jerusalem capture worldwide attention in various media outlets. The continuing quest to discover the city’s physical remains is not simply an attempt to define Israel’s past or determine its historical legacy. In the context of the ongoing Israeli-Palestinian conflict, it is also an attempt to legitimate—or undercut—national claims to sovereignty. Bridging the ever-widening gap between popular coverage and specialized literature, Finding Jerusalem provides a comprehensive tour of the politics of archaeology in the city. Through a wide-ranging discussion of the material evidence, Katharina Galor illuminates the complex legal contexts and ethical precepts that underlie archaeological activity and the discourse of “cultural heritage” in Jerusalem. This book addresses the pressing need to disentangle historical documentation from the religious aspirations, social ambitions, and political commitments that shape its interpretation.

Archaeological discoveries in Jerusalem capture worldwide attention in various media outlets. The continuing quest to discover the city’s physical remains is not simply an attempt to define Israel’s past or determine its historical legacy. In the context of the ongoing Israeli-Palestinian conflict, it is also an attempt to legitimate—or undercut—national claims to sovereignty. Bridging the ever-widening gap between popular coverage and specialized literature, Finding Jerusalem provides a comprehensive tour of the politics of archaeology in the city. Through a wide-ranging discussion of the material evidence, Katharina Galor illuminates the complex legal contexts and ethical precepts that underlie archaeological activity and the discourse of “cultural heritage” in Jerusalem. This book addresses the pressing need to disentangle historical documentation from the religious aspirations, social ambitions, and political commitments that shape its interpretation.

This script is part of the Science Notebook series. Scripts in this collection were prepared for use by Voice of America programmers in English and other languages. Scanned from Library of Congress microfilm 01769 (113 reels, 1953-1980), reel 1976-3. Please see the VOA Radio Scripts Collection page for other scripts and more information about this item.

This script is part of the Science Notebook series. Scripts in this collection were prepared for use by Voice of America programmers in English and other languages. Scanned from Library of Congress microfilm 01769 (113 reels, 1953-1980), reel 1976-3. Please see the VOA Radio Scripts Collection page for other scripts and more information about this item.