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Book Source: Digital Library of India Item 2015.182367 dc.contributor.author: Vishvajit dc.date.accessioned: 2015-07-07T15:39:17Z dc.date.available: 2015-07-07T15:39:17Z dc.date.digitalpublicationdate: 2005-08-31 dc.identifier.barcode: 1990010089083 dc.identifier.origpath: /rawdataupload/upload/0089/083 dc.identifier.copyno: 1 dc.identifier.uri: http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/182367 dc.description.scannerno: 12 dc.description.scanningcentre: IIIT, Allahabad dc.description.main: 1 dc.description.tagged: 0 dc.description.totalpages: 112 dc.format.mimetype: application/pdf dc.language.iso: English dc.publisher: Indian Institute Of Technology Kanpur dc.rights: Out_of_copyright dc.source.library: Indian Institute Of Technology Kanpur dc.subject.classification: Technology dc.subject.classification: Engineering. Technology In General dc.subject.classification: Mechanical Engineering In General. Nuclear Technology. Electrical Engineering. Machinery dc.title: Fast Compensation Of Flicker And Reactive Power In Arc Furnace System

Presented in this paper is a computer aided design tool to determine the size and location of shunt capacitors for the purpose of reducing power losses in distribution networks. The developed computer program (CapSize) is windows based with several design options that permit practically feasible solutions. The implemented algorithm is based on a rigorous optimization method and ac power flow calculations. The algorithm accounts for voltage profile, load variations, load transfer switching, observation measurements, and limited availability of data. The results of a test case are presented for illustration.

This paper presents a study of a single-phase cascaded H-bridge multilevel converter-based Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator (D-STATCOM) with active harmonic filtering capability. For the proper operation of the proposed D-STATCOM, a constant voltage is maintained at its DC bus link using a proportional and integral (PI) controller. Based on instantaneous current errors, gate pulses for controlling duty cycles of the D-STATCOM operation are generated using the hysteresis current control (HCC) technique. The proposed D-STATCOM was modeled and simulated in MATLAB. Simulation results show that the proposed method effectively compensates for reactive power and mitigates current harmonics. The proposed method offers structural simplicity and efficiency without complex calculations.

The inductive loads fed by the electrical installations are reflected as an additional load by pulling the reactive power from the mains. Inductive loads are an important and useful parameter in the formation of rotating field of motors, formation of magnetic field in transformers. However, it is a harmful parameter that decreases blackness in transmission and distribution lines. Therefore, in large-scale power plants, reactive power requirements are provided by compensator systems connected to the input terminals. Continuous control equipment and systems need to be developed to improve the continuity and efficiency of energy systems. In this study, reactive power compensation, fuzzy logic-controlled application was made. Thus, power factor correction, dynamic voltage control are provided, power transmission capacities of the transmission lines and losses caused by reactive power flow are minimized. However, the fact that this compensator system is not linear makes it difficult to mathematically model them by using system based control systems based on fuzzy logic theory. In this study, without a mathematical model of the system, a control process based on fuzzy logic applied to the result was realized by using the effective relationship between system output and input. Didem Altun "Reactive Power Compensation with Fuzzy Logic in Electrical Facilities" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-2 , February 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd21522.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/21522/reactive-power-compensation-with-fuzzy-logic-in-electrical-facilities/didem-altun

Book Source: Digital Library of India Item 2015.192544 dc.contributor.author: Vishvajit dc.date.accessioned: 2015-07-08T01:28:43Z dc.date.available: 2015-07-08T01:28:43Z dc.date.digitalpublicationdate: 2005-08-31 dc.identifier.barcode: 1990010090956 dc.identifier.origpath: /rawdataupload/upload/0090/956 dc.identifier.copyno: 1 dc.identifier.uri: http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/192544 dc.description.scannerno: 12 dc.description.scanningcentre: IIIT, Allahabad dc.description.main: 1 dc.description.tagged: 0 dc.description.totalpages: 113 dc.format.mimetype: application/pdf dc.language.iso: English dc.publisher: Indian Institute Of Technology Kanpur dc.rights: Out_of_copyright dc.source.library: Indian Institute Of Technology Kanpur dc.subject.classification: Technology dc.subject.classification: Engineering. Technology In General dc.subject.classification: Mechanical Engineering In General. Nuclear Technology. Electrical Engineering. Machinery dc.title: Fast Compensation Of Flicker And Reactive Power In Arc Furnace System

These paper presents the dynamic operation of a novel control scheme for Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) based on a new full model comprising a 48-pulse Gate Turn-Off (GTO) thyristor voltage source converter for combined reactive power compensation and voltage stabilization of the electric grid network. The novel controller for the STATCOM presented in this paper is based on a decoupled strategy using the direct and quadrature components of the STATCOM current. The complete digital simulation of the STATCOM within the power system is performed in the MATLAB/Simulink environment using the Power System Blockset (PSB). The STATCOM scheme and the electric grid network are modeled by specific electric blocks from the power system blockset, while the control system is modeled using Simulink. The performance of ±100 Mvar STATCOM connected to the 500-kV grid is evaluated. The proposed novel control scheme for the STATCOM is fully validated for both the capacitive and inductive modes of operation by digital simulation.

Book Source: Digital Library of India Item 2015.199324 dc.contributor.author: Kumar, Brajendra, Bhujabal dc.date.accessioned: 2015-07-08T13:11:15Z dc.date.available: 2015-07-08T13:11:15Z dc.date.digitalpublicationdate: 2005-08-27 dc.identifier.barcode: 5990010101709 dc.identifier.origpath: /rawdataupload/upload/0101/711 dc.identifier.copyno: 1 dc.identifier.uri: http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/199324 dc.description.scannerno: 14 dc.description.scanningcentre: IIIT, Allahabad dc.description.main: 1 dc.description.tagged: 0 dc.description.totalpages: 107 dc.format.mimetype: application/pdf dc.language.iso: English dc.publisher: Indian Institute Of Technology Kanpur dc.rights: Out_of_copyright dc.source.library: Indian Institute Of Technology Kanpur dc.subject.classification: Technology dc.subject.classification: Electrical Engineering dc.title: Three Phase Instantaneous Reactive And Harmonic Power Compensation Using Multi-level Inverters At Constant Switching Frequency

The objective of this study is to develop and research a new method of reactive power compensation in industrial grid via high-power adjustable speed drives (HP ASDs) with medium voltage (MV) three level neutral point clamped back-to-back (3L-NPC BtB) converters. The article is concerned with the mathematical description, control system designing and obtaining of experimental results. An important advantage of the new method is that specialized equipment is not necessary for its implementation. The analysis of our experimental research shows that the developed reactive power compensation method has been successfully applied for main HP ASD of plate mill rolling state 5000 (Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works, PJSC). Some ways for future industrial application prospects and improvements of the designed method are outlined in the conclusion of the paper.

The issue of electric power grid mode of optimization is one of the basic directions in power engineering research. Currently, methods other than classical optimization methods based on various bio-heuristic algorithms are applied. The problems of reactive power optimization in a power grid using bio-heuristic algorithms are considered. These algorithms allow obtaining more efficient solutions as well as taking into account several criteria. The Firefly algorithm is adapted to optimize the placement of reactive power sources as well as to select their values. A key feature of the proposed modification of the Firefly algorithm is the solution for the multi-objective optimization problem. Algorithms based on a bio-heuristic process can find a neighborhood of global extreme, so a local gradient descent in the neighborhood is applied for a more accurate solution of the problem. Comparison of gradient descent, Firefly algorithm and Firefly algorithm with gradient descent is carried out.

Power factor correction (PFC) is a mandatory functionality of electronic products in the industrial and commercial market in order to mitigate grid harmonics and operate a power system economically. Since the load characteristics of most PFC applications such as home appliances, battery chargers, switched mode power supplies and other digital products support unidirectional power flow, the general ac-dc boost converter with step-up chopper is considered a popular topology. This is because they are low cost, simple, and their performance is well-proven. Its main task inside the system is to maintain dc-link voltage constantly in order to feed loads at different power ratings. In addition, it is necessary to control input current with a pure sinusoidal waveform in phase with input voltage. Active power filters (APF) are another approach capable of improving grid power quality. Many research endeavors have included APFs in their circuit topologies and control strategies. Unlike PFC circuits, the APF is a system in itself which provides compensation of harmonics and reactive power in order to reduce undesirable effects from non-linear loads and uncontrolled passive loads in power systems.

The industrial development, lifestyle and modernization of the management sectors in Algeria have led to an increase in demand for electricity power in recent years and an increase in demand for the energy sector. This high demand for power has led to problems with voltage drops, particularly as regards the quality of this voltage during periods peak load. Thanks to research on the development of the electricity transmission system in the South-West region of Algeria and based on the theoretical results. We have obtained an optimal solution for the location of the regulation systems for voltage and the frequency in the substations that exhibit strong violations and periodic static destabilization, in particular, the stations at the end of the 220Kv transmission lines. The techniques of modeling and controlling the voltage per frequency (Hz/V) as well as the critical analysis variants have been studied and confirmed using advanced real-time numerical simulation.

The doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) systems feature a significant amount of free power capacity that may be used for reactive power adjustment when they are put into practical use. This change, which is occasionally overlooked, is a significant one. Using DFIG systems for wind turbines (WT), this paper explored strategies for reducing and using reactive power. In order to investigate the power characteristic and how it is regulated in DFIG systems, a mathematical model for the steady-state performance of DFIG WT has been developed and presented. Here is a detailed derivation of the limiting range of DFIG's reactive power capacity as well as the physical constraints on reactive power output. The distribution of the DFIG WT at a distribution network's end is demonstrated by a simulation example. Within this simulation, reactive power management strategy, load fluctuation, and the change in wind speed are all taken into consideration. Due to the possibility of a rise in the voltage at the access point, can concluded that both acceptable and efficient to use DFIG WT's reactive power capabilities as an additional continuous reactive power source for effectiveness.

Book Source: Digital Library of India Item 2015.198189 dc.contributor.author: Sundar, Shyam dc.date.accessioned: 2015-07-08T12:31:44Z dc.date.available: 2015-07-08T12:31:44Z dc.date.digitalpublicationdate: 2005-08-27 dc.identifier.barcode: 5990010100021 dc.identifier.origpath: /rawdataupload/upload/0100/021 dc.identifier.copyno: 1 dc.identifier.uri: http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/198189 dc.description.scannerno: 14 dc.description.scanningcentre: IIIT, Allahabad dc.description.main: 1 dc.description.tagged: 0 dc.description.totalpages: 66 dc.format.mimetype: application/pdf dc.language.iso: English dc.publisher: Indian Institute Of Technology Kanpur dc.rights: Out_of_copyright dc.source.library: Indian Institute Of Technology Kanpur dc.subject.classification: Technology dc.subject.classification: Engineering. Technology In General dc.subject.classification: Electrical Engineering dc.subject.keywords: Constants Switching dc.subject.keywords: Frequency dc.subject.keywords: Hormonic dc.title: Active Power Filter With Constant Switching Frequency For Reactive For Reactive Power And Harmonic Compensation dc.type: Print-Paper dc.type: Book

Book Source: Digital Library of India Item 2015.194023 dc.contributor.author: Anirban Chakraborti dc.date.accessioned: 2015-07-08T03:46:49Z dc.date.available: 2015-07-08T03:46:49Z dc.date.digitalpublicationdate: 2005-08-28 dc.identifier.barcode: 1990010092296 dc.identifier.origpath: /rawdataupload/upload/0092/296 dc.identifier.copyno: 1 dc.identifier.uri: http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/194023 dc.description.scannerno: 5 dc.description.scanningcentre: IIIT, Allahabad dc.description.main: 1 dc.description.tagged: 0 dc.description.totalpages: 148 dc.format.mimetype: application/pdf dc.language.iso: English dc.publisher: Indian Institute Of Technology Kanpur dc.rights: In Public Domain dc.source.library: Indian Institute Of Technology Kanpur dc.subject.classification: Technology dc.subject.classification: Engineering. Technology In General dc.subject.classification: Electrial Engineering dc.title: Reactive Power Compensation For Induction Generator

This article focuses on the control of STATCOM for the improvement of reactive power compensation during grid faults and unbalanced load. The problem encountered with convectional voltage source converter based STATCOM for reactive power management and capacitor voltage balancing during grid faults are analyzed and its operational limitations are studied. To remove the above problems, an adaptive low voltage ride through control technique based modular double star cascaded converter (DSCC) STATCOM is proposed. In this dynamic control, the positive reactive currents and negative reactive currents are separately controlled for reactive power management and a zero (Vo) sequence voltage is inserted for the management of active power. This advanced control method effectively balances the submodule capacitor voltage within its prescribed limits by managing the equal distribution of active power between converter legs and provides dynamic reactive power management during grid faults. The effectiveness of the DSCC-STATCOM, with proposed control method is verified using MATLAB/Simulink software-based simulations under single line to ground fault and unbalanced load.

The purpose of this study is to explain a recently developed off-board battery charger system for electric vehicles (EVs) that is capable of supporting grid-to-vehicle (G2V) and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) operations, in addition to adjusting for reactive power. A utility-connected AC-DC cascaded H-bridge (CHB) converter is included into the system design. This converter is responsible for controlling the power exchange that occurs between the grid and the battery while a bidirectional DC-DC converter is located at the rear end of the system. There is galvanic separation between the grid and the user end of the charger, which is included for the purpose of increasing safety. In order to manage electric vehicle power and battery current, the suggested system makes use of an ANFIS controller. This controller adheres to active power orders for both G2V and V2G modes, and it also provides reactive power adjustment when it is necessary. Furthermore, a control algorithm that is based on an adaptive notch filter has been developed in order to estimate network phases and achieve accurate current synchronization without the need for phase-locked loops (PLLs). This has resulted in the simplification of controller design and an improvement in both the steady-state and dynamic performance of the system. The efficiency of the suggested system in regulating reactive power in V2G and G2V scenarios is shown by the experimental results that were achieved in a MATLAB environment.

The consistent problem with operators and planners for power systems has been related to minimizing transmission losses. An important role is played by reactive power by keeping voltage stability and reliability in the system in order to support the transfer of real power. The optimal reactive power dispatch is associated with the problem of non-linear optimization along with many constraints. In this paper, a study is highlighted for an algorithm that optimizes reactive power with the help of particle swarm algorithm and compare the result with Newton-Raphson method. Reduction of system active power loss is the goal of the function in the projected algorithm. Here, the control variables identified are transformer tap positions, generator bus voltages, and shunt capacitor banks with switch. This projected algorithm is performed on Oman 6 bus electrical grid as oman electricity transmission company has an instability voltage issue in chosen 6 bus.

This paper presents MATLAB simulation of the single tuned passive filter to provide reactive power compensation and to minimize THD in an industrial distribution system. The three-phase power system is designed by using the actual data collected from industry and single tuned passive filter is designed. This system is modeled and simulated in MATLAB. The resulted current and voltage waveforms before and after the filter are turned on are shown.

This article described the energy saving principle of submerged arc furnace as well as the advantages and disadvantages of four kinds of reactive power compensation, focusing on low voltage shunt capacitor compensation system applied in practice. It investigated harm of harmonic and proposes solutions of passive filter. This article pointed out that a reasonable selection of reactive power compensation mode and harmonic wave control, the product quality, power factor and other index can be obviously improved and enhancd, better economic benefit can be obtained.

This article describes the proportional integral (PI), proportional integral derivative (PID) and fuzzy logic controller (FLC) based three phase shunt active power line conditioners (APLC) for the power-quality improvement such as reactive power and harmonic current compensation generated due to nonlinear loads. PI, PID controller requires precise linear mathematical model and FLC needs linguistic description of the system. The controller is capable of controlling dc capacitor voltage and generating reference source currents. Hysteresis current controller is used for current control in PWM voltage source inverter. Extensive simulation studies under transient and steady states are conducted, the simulation result analysis reveal that the APLC performs perfectly in conjunction with PI, PID and FLC. A comparative assessment of the three different controllers is brought out.

A significant contributor to higher energy costs and reduced energy efficiency is the reactive power demand on the grid. Inductive power demand reduces power factor, increases energy losses during transmission, limits real power supplied to the consumer, and results in higher costs to the consumer. Compensating for a reactive power demand on the grid by providing reactive power support to the power distribution system creates energy efficiency gains and improves cost savings. One method of compensating for reactive power is by incorporating an energy management system (EMS) into the power distribution system. An EMS can monitor reactive power requirements on the grid and provide reactive power support at the point of common coupling (PCC) in the power distribution system in order to increase energy efficiency. The use of an EMS as a current source to achieve a unity power factor at the grid is demonstrated in this thesis. The power factor angle was determined using a zero-crossing detection algorithm. The appropriate amount of compensating reactive current was then injected into the system at the PCC and controlled using closed-loop current control. The process was simulated using Simulink and then validated in the laboratory using the actual EMS hardware.

Active power filters are used to reduce current harmonics and compensate for reactive power in non-linear loads. This paper compares two approaches for estimating compensated current for a shunt active filter. The synchronous-reference- frame theory d-q and sliding fast Fourier-Transform algorithms are compared in this study. The comparison is based on the outcomes of simulations. For different load conditions, the results achieved by the approaches mentioned differ greatly. The sliding discrete Fourier transform SDFT approach has revealed the optimum choice. Indeed, sliding discrete Fourier transform-phase-locked-loop or SDFT-PLL is a perfect method also for synchronizing the inverter with a weak noisy grid.

This paper covers the modal analysis application (MATLAB 2019a) for improving the voltage profiles by optimum positioning of the capacitor banks for 6-bus Oman Electrical System because the Oman electricity Transmission Company (OETC) is suffering of drop voltage in these 6 buses especially during summer season as a peak period. The Newton-Raphson (N-R) method will help to determine the required reactive power for each load bus and as well the ideal position or point of capacitors. The process aims to maintain the Q-V relations of the electrical grid by correlating the lowest Eigen-values to related Eigen-vectors in obtained Jacobian matrix. It depends on the Eigen-values, if they are positive then the system’s voltage is stable otherwise it is not stable. In a stable system, the potential voltage collapse could be anticipated by checking the participation factors for a group of minimal positive Eigen-values. In general, the critical weak bus is associated with lower Eigen-values. Electrical system collapse is attributable to the weakest bus in the network and it could be avoided by determining the weak buses and providing capacitor banks at suitable locations which will lead to improve the voltage stability margin.

This paper presents a unique online reference control technique for distribution static compensators that use the reinforcement learning algorithm. The goal of this strategy is to address the power quality issues that develop in microgrids. The unique controller is designed to correct reactive power, harmonics, and unbalanced load current in a microgrid by using voltage and current characteristics. The current based controller use the quadrature axis q axis and the zero axis 0 axis to correct for unequal load current in scattered resource networks. In contrast, the voltage controller is used to change the desired value of the reactive power reference. The control technique was developed and implemented in an autonomous microgrid with a weak AC supply non stiff source distribution system. It has been tested with various load circumstances and three phase fault scenarios. Several situations are analyzed, and simulation results for a variety of settings are discussed. The report also contains a full evaluation of the effectiveness of the developed online secondary control mechanism. Arti | Pramod Kumar Rathore "Reinforcement Learning-Based Reference Control of D-STATCOM for Reactive Power Compensation and Power Quality Enhancement in Autonomous Microgrids" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-4 , August 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd97324.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/97324/reinforcement-learningbased-reference-control-of-dstatcom-for-reactive-power-compensation-and-power-quality-enhancement-in-autonomous-microgrids/arti

Power factor improvement for nonlinear loads is the point of interest for researchers in recent scenario. Power factor plays a major role in efficiency of electrical system. The Purpose of this paper is to power factor improvement by using proper control strategy. Simulation on MATLAB Simulink environment is conducted with resistive inductive load. The low power factor is highly undesirable as it causes an increase in current, resulting in additional losses of active power in all the elements of power system from power system down to the utilization devices. To compensate reactive power and improve the power factor by using a static VAR compensator, it consisting converter 2 level SCR with capacitor bank. This work deals with the performance evaluation through analytical studies and practical implementation on an existing system consisting of a distribution transformer of 1phase, 50Hz, 230V 12V capacity. Sadi Mujtaba | Neena Godara "Reactive Power Compensation and Power Factor Correction by Reactive VAR Compensator" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-1 , December 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49100.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/49100/reactive-power-compensation-and-power-factor-correction-by-reactive-var-compensator/sadi-mujtaba

Due to the increased demand on electric power, power systems have become highly stressed. This has caused the frequent occurrence of cascading failures, where the failure of one line leads to a series of failures causing a system blackout. Adding high speed control of different electrical parameters of the power system can help improve the reliability of the power system and relieve some of that stress. In this research, the effects of adding static VAR compensators (SVCs) and distributed generation units has been studied from a reliability perspective. Since installing this equipment can be expensive, an algorithm has been developed to obtain the optimal bus location to install such devices, such that reliability is improved. Furthermore, Monte Carlo simulation is used to provide a measure for the improvement in system reliability in the presence of transmission line failures. Results show that injecting real and reactive power generally improves system reliability. However, increasing the amount of injection and increasing the number of buses injected to indefinitely does not necessarily enhance the reliability of the system any further. As such, caution must be exercised when deploying SVCs or distributed generation sources when the goal is to improve system reliability.

Reactive power compensation is an important challenge in current and future smart power systems. However, in the context of reactive power compensation, most existing studies assume that customers can assess their compensation value, i.e., Var unit, objectively. In this paper, customers are assumed to make decisions that pertain to reactive power coordination. In consequence, the way in which those customers evaluate the compensation value resulting from their individual decisions will impact the overall grid performance. In particular, a behavioral framework, based on the framing effect of prospect theory (PT), is developed to study the effect of both objective value and subjective evaluation in a reactive power compensation game. For example, such effect allows customers to optimize a subjective value of their utility which essentially frames the objective utility with respect to a reference point. This game enables customers to coordinate the use of their electrical devices to compensate reactive power. For the proposed game, both the objective case using expected utility theory (EUT) and the PT consideration are solved via a learning algorithm that converges to a mixed-strategy Nash equilibrium. In addition, several key properties of this game are derived analytically. Simulation results show that, under PT, customers are likely to make decisions that differ from those predicted by classical models. For instance, using an illustrative two-customer case, we show that a PT customer will increase the conservative strategy (achieving a high power factor) by 29% compared to a conventional customer. Similar insights are also observed for a case with three customers.

We consider the problem of optimal reactive power compensation for the minimization of power distribution losses in a smart microgrid. We first propose an approximate model for the power distribution network, which allows us to cast the problem into the class of convex quadratic, linearly constrained, optimization problems. We then consider the specific problem of commanding the microgenerators connected to the microgrid, in order to achieve the optimal injection of reactive power. For this task, we design a randomized, gossip-like optimization algorithm. We show how a distributed approach is possible, where microgenerators need to have only a partial knowledge of the problem parameters and of the state, and can perform only local measurements. For the proposed algorithm, we provide conditions for convergence together with an analytic characterization of the convergence speed. The analysis shows that, in radial networks, the best performance can be achieved when we command cooperation among units that are neighbors in the electric topology. Numerical simulations are included to validate the proposed model and to confirm the analytic results about the performance of the proposed algorithm.

The maximum power point tracking controller is an essential part of the photovoltaic system and uses its algorithms to obtain the maximum available power of the PV array under various environmental conditions. This paper provides a brief overview of the main MPPT techniques. A particle swarm optimization PSO algorithm was used to automatically find the parameters and improve the performance of the controller. The system was simulated and tested in the MATLAB Simulink environment, the PSO algorithm was run in the m file and the system was simulated hundreds of times to achieve the best results presented in this paper. This article introduced the most common techniques for PV systems to monitor MPP. Proper implementation and design of MPPT technology can greatly improve the efficiency of the energy conversion process and prevent energy losses due to environmental changes. This white paper serves as a practical guide not only for MPPT researchers, but also for designers of commercial PV systems. Mohammad Zishan Alam | Mohd Shahid "Improvement of Power Quality by using Advanced Reactive Power Compensation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-1 , February 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52737.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/52737/improvement-of-power-quality-by-using-advanced-reactive-power-compensation/mohammad-zishan-alam

A Reactive power is a part of apparent power which flow with active power. A low value of power factor requires large reactive power and this affects the voltage level. Hence in order to compensate for the reactive power, the power factor of the system must be improved. Thus, the methods for reactive power compensation are nothing but the methods by which poor power factors can be improved. To improve this reactive power FACT device named Static VAR Compensator SVC is used. With the help of MATLAB simulation we observed the voltage Sag and Swell conditions occurred in Transmission line and how SVC improve the Transmission line performance was observed. Mrs. Siddhi Khopkar "Simulation of Reactive Power Compensation by SVC on Three Phase Transmission Line" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-3 , June 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd56351.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/56351/simulation-of-reactive-power-compensation-by-svc-on-three-phase-transmission-line/mrs-siddhi-khopkar

In this paper, a shunt active power filter (SAPF) based on adaptive hysteresis band current controller (HBCC) is proposed for limiting the harmonics in load current and also compensate the reactive power for 3 phase non-linear load. The HBCC calculate the active power and reactive power, transforms them in d, q and 0 components using Clarke's transformation then calculates the compensating values of active and reactive power to inject them further in system. The HBCC determines the switching signals of the SAPF, and the algorithm based on an extension of synchronous reference frame theory (d-q-0) is used to determine the suitable current reference signals. The results of simulation study of SAPF control technique presented in this paper is found quite satisfactory to eliminate harmonics and reactive power components from utility current. Zahid Hassan | Gagan Deep Yadav"Reactive Power Compensation and Limiting Harmonic Current using Shunt Active Power Filter" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-4 , June 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd12958.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/12958/reactive-power-compensation-and-limiting-harmonic-current-using-shunt-active-power-filter/zahid-hassan

The rising electricity consumption, rapid fossil fuel depletion, and a higher shift to the use of renewable or green energy resources have increased the need to integrate renewable and distributed energy resources (DERs), like solar photovoltaic (PV) energy to power the utility grids. In this study, the researchers have determined the effect of PV inverters to offer reactive power to an adapted IEEE 13-node distribution network. Power flow analyses were conducted on MATLAB/Simulink for various reactive power modes of PV inverters to show the effect of the reactive power on the regulation of grid voltage, reduced the total harmonic distortion (THD), and maintain the power factor so as to improve the ability of the system to handle power. The result shows that using a 400 KW PV system in a bus (675) led to a reduction in the power generated from the generator by 11%, and the use of the reactive power capability of PV inverters on-site improved the voltage profile significantly. as well, reduced the voltage THD by 27.09% when injected with reactive power, reduce the current THD by 77.39% When absorbing reactive power, and improved the power factor on-site.

The rising electricity consumption, rapid fossil fuel depletion, and a higher shift to the use of renewable or green energy resources have increased the need to integrate renewable and distributed energy resources (DERs), like solar photovoltaic (PV) energy to power the utility grids. In this study, the researchers have determined the effect of PV inverters to offer reactive power to an adapted IEEE 13-node distribution network. Power flow analyses were conducted on MATLAB/Simulink for various reactive power modes of PV inverters to show the effect of the reactive power on the regulation of grid voltage, reduced the total harmonic distortion (THD), and maintain the power factor so as to improve the ability of the system to handle power. The result shows that using a 400 KW PV system in a bus (675) led to a reduction in the power generated from the generator by 11%, and the use of the reactive power capability of PV inverters on-site improved the voltage profile significantly. as well, reduced the voltage THD by 27.09% when injected with reactive power, reduce the current THD by 77.39% When absorbing reactive power, and improved the power factor on-site.

The Grid connected PV system requires a proper voltage control controller. In this paper an efficient voltage control by using slide mode controller with Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is presented. The voltage command is determined by the PV panel. Here the sliding mode controller is designed so as to balance the power flow from PV panel to the grid and load such that the PV power is utilized effectively. The design and simulation using MATLAB is presented in this work.

A significant contributor to higher energy costs and reduced energy efficiency is the reactive power demand on the grid. Inductive power demand reduces power factor, increases energy losses during transmission, limits real power supplied to the consumer, and results in higher costs to the consumer. Compensating for a reactive power demand on the grid by providing reactive power support to the power distribution system creates energy efficiency gains and improves cost savings. One method of compensating for reactive power is by incorporating an energy management system (EMS) into the power distribution system. An EMS can monitor reactive power requirements on the grid and provide reactive power support at the point of common coupling (PCC) in the power distribution system in order to increase energy efficiency. The use of an EMS as a current source to achieve a unity power factor at the grid is demonstrated in this thesis. The power factor angle was determined using a zero-crossing detection algorithm. The appropriate amount of compensating reactive current was then injected into the system at the PCC and controlled using closed-loop current control. The process was simulated using Simulink and then validated in the laboratory using the actual EMS hardware.

A significant contributor to higher energy costs and reduced energy efficiency is the reactive power demand on the grid. Inductive power demand reduces power factor, increases energy losses during transmission, limits real power supplied to the consumer, and results in higher costs to the consumer. Compensating for a reactive power demand on the grid by providing reactive power support to the power distribution system creates energy efficiency gains and improves cost savings. One method of compensating for reactive power is by incorporating an energy management system (EMS) into the power distribution system. An EMS can monitor reactive power requirements on the grid and provide reactive power support at the point of common coupling (PCC) in the power distribution system in order to increase energy efficiency. The use of an EMS as a current source to achieve a unity power factor at the grid is demonstrated in this thesis. The power factor angle was determined using a zero-crossing detection algorithm. The appropriate amount of compensating reactive current was then injected into the system at the PCC and controlled using closed-loop current control. The process was simulated using Simulink and then validated in the laboratory using the actual EMS hardware.