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The physiological and biomechanical characteristics of inline speed skating have not been systematically mapped nor research evidence synthesized. We completed a scoping review to identify characteristics of participants, test methods, training outcomes and other relevant information to inform evi-dence-based guidelines and recommendations. Following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, a systematic search of databases was conducted to identify relevant studies. Extracted data were charted and synthesized to summarize the physiological and biomechanical aspects of inline speed skating. From 272 records, 22 studies met the defined criteria. Studies related to inline speed skating focused primarily on physiological variables (n = 14) and lower limb muscles function, with limited evidence on biomechanics of inline speed skating (n = 5) and the combination of biomechanics and physiology (n = 3). An overall unclear risk of bias was observed (59% of studies). Although studies have examined physiological and biomechanical variables, continuous physi-ological and biomechanical assessments of skaters performing different skills on both straight and curved tracks have not been conducted. Therefore, well-planned physiological and biomechanics studies are required to uncover underexplored areas in research and support the development of sport-specific studies.