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Aim: Study knowledge and perception of COVID-19 prevention and control (IPC) measures of healthcare workers (HCWs) of Armed Forced Hospital, Wadi Al Dawasir (AFHWD), Saudi Arabia. Methods: All HCWs were invited June, 2020; a pre-validated questionnaire used.

This report generates information specific to patient handwashing practices, a descriptive study was accomplished at two levels. Field observations were conducted to assess actual handwashing behaviors demonstrated by ambulatory hospital patients. Surveys were administered to the same patients and their nursing personnel to assess each group's knowledge level and perceptions about patient handwashing. The study consisted of 40 adult patients (20 on a medical unit and 20 on a surgery unit), and nursing personnel (22 registered nurses and 13 military medical technicians) who provided nursing care to those patients. The study uncovered a paradox between knowledge and perceptions about patient handwashing held by the study participants and actual patient handwashing practices. Although patients and their nursing personnel held similarly high levels of knowledge and positive perceptions about the importance of handwashing to infection control, patient handwashing was demonstrated poorly in actual practice. Nursing personnel indicated that patient handwashing is a neglected practice in hospitals.

Health belief and operational models are important in contextualizing enablers and barriers to a given health care process or health intervention in a specific or diverse setting. The purpose of the study is to appraise from patients’ perspectives the approach of care and follow up for hypertensive patients in Fako Division in the Southwest Region of Cameroon, its suitability and recommending for a more comprehensive and adaptable approach. Concerning the theoretical scope, the study was guided by The Health Belief Model HBM , The Theory of Human caring and the Theory of Health Promotion Model. It was a hospital based cross sectional study that employed concurrent triangulation mixed methods combining qualitative and quantitative survey approaches. All hypertensive patients out and inpatients and their care givers visiting the hospital during the study period as well as all health care providers and managers in the study setting were involved conveniently. Two hospitals were randomly selected one public and one faith based hospital from among all the hospitals in the 4 main subdivisions of Fako, making a total of 8 hospitals of secondary and or tertiary levels of health facilities. Data were collected using a semi structured questionnaire. An application to carry out the research was sent to the ethical review board of the University of Bamenda. Upon approval, Data were collected while abiding to the necessary ethical requirements. Data were digitalized with the support of EpiData version 3.1, and analyzed descriptively and inferentially using SPSS 21.0. As for the textual data qualitative data , their abstraction was reduced following the process of thematic analysis with the support of Atlas Ti .2. The findings unfold that Hypertension was mostly perceived to be controlled not treated with major emphasis placed on prevention. It was recommended the complementarity between pharmacological and non pharmacological approaches of treatment, with particular attention paid to prevention. It was generally perceived that prescription was by the doctor or physician though few acknowledged prescription by nurses. Number of barriers were identified and urged to be resolved. Compliance to treatment as well as treatment outcome were hindered by several factors, notably the diversity of treatment guidelines, the high cost of treatment, the inadequate availability of drugs, the ineffectiveness of drugs, resistance to drugs, inadequacy of staff and motivation, inadequate competent staff, poverty of patients, inadequacy of equipment notably BP machines that equally hinder self monitoring by patients, non compliance to treatment by patients, challenging home follow up, enslavement of some areas, poor mobile network coverage in some areas, socio political crisis, and psychological problems such as medication phobia and defection pessimism. Magdaline Injoh Tangi | Moses Samje | Gerald Ngo Teke | Nana Celestin "Knowledge, Attitude and Perception of Hypertensive Patients Toward Their Care and Follow UP in Fako Division, Southwest Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-9 | Issue-1 , February 2025, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd73851.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/pathology/73851/knowledge-attitude-and-perception-of-hypertensive-patients-toward-their-care-and-follow-up-in-fako-division-southwest-region-of-cameroon/magdaline-injoh-tangi

The prevalence of e‐cigarette use is increasing worldwide. Evaluating the impact of e-cigarettes on public health and taking preventative and intervention strategies in to account would necessitate an understanding of how to describe and analyse e-cigarette use, awareness and misconceptions.

Ischaemic Heart Disease (IHD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, causing more deaths annually than all forms of cancer and chronic lower respiratory tract diseases combined. Certain populations, including the Indian population, are at higher risk, even at a young age.. However, primary prevention strategies, such as reducing modifiable risk factors, have shown to be effective in managing IHD. This scoping review aims to to synthesise evidence of the knowledge and perceptions of the Indian population regarding modifiable IHD risk factors.

Ischaemic Heart Disease (IHD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, causing more deaths annually than all forms of cancer and chronic lower respiratory tract diseases combined. Primary prevention strategies, such as reducing modifiable risk factors, have shown to be effective in managing IHD. This scoping review aims to to synthesise evidence of the knowledge and perceptions of the Indian population regarding modifiable IHD risk factors.

The project addresses a growing public health concern related to pelvic floor dysfunctions (PFDs), such as urinary incontinence (UI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP), which significantly affect women’s quality of life. Despite the availability of conservative treatment options, including pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT), awareness and knowledge about these issues remain limited. Therefore, the research focuses on both theoretical and practical goals. Theoretical goals include analyzing the level of knowledge across three distinct groups—perinatal women, healthy women, and those experiencing pelvic floor dysfunctions—and identifying factors that may influence awareness in each group. Practically, the study aims to validate and culturally adapt two specific questionnaires—PIKQ and PFMT-P—designed to assess women’s knowledge about UI, POP, and PFMT, and to evaluate their perceptions and motivations related to pelvic floor muscle training. The research project aims to evaluate the level of awareness among women regarding pelvic floor disorders and to adapt diagnostic tools for Polish conditions. The project involves multi-phase methodological approach: 1. Translation and back-translation of the original instruments (from English to Polish and vice versa). 2. Expert validation by a multidisciplinary team, including urogynecological physiotherapists, linguists, and health researchers. 3. Pilot testing to assess comprehensibility and cultural relevance. 4. Cultural adaptation to ensure linguistic and contextual consistency across Polish regions. 5. Psychometric evaluation, including analysis of reliability (e.g., Cronbach’s alpha) and validity (construct and content). 6. Large-scale validation in the target population. Validation studies will be conducted on a representative target group (e.g., women in the perinatal period, women with symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction – PFD). At this stage, the PFDI-20 questionnaire will be used as a reference tool to assess convergent validity. This will allow for the evaluation of whether a higher level of knowledge (PIKQ) and a more positive perception of training (PFMT-P) are associated with lower symptom bother related to PFD. Comparison of results: An analysis will be conducted to examine the relationship between scores on the PIKQ, PFMT-P, and PFDI-20 across different subgroups of participants (e.g., healthy vs. symptomatic). This will enable the assessment of the validity and usefulness of the adapted tools. 7. Finalization and implementation of the validated tools. Expected outcomes include: • Creation of reliable and culturally appropriate tools (PIKQ and PFMT-P) for assessing women’s awareness and perceptions of pelvic floor health. • Evidence-based support for healthcare professionals in tailoring educational and therapeutic interventions. • Enhancement of public health campaigns and preventive strategies regarding pelvic floor dysfunctions in Poland. By providing comprehensive insight into the level of knowledge and awareness among different groups of women, the project is expected to contribute to more effective education, earlier identification of pelvic floor disorders, and improved health outcomes in this area. Ethical Considerations: The project has received ethical approval from the University Ethics Committee of the University of Opole (Poland) under the reference number 2/2025. Permission has been obtained from the original authors of the questionnaires for their translation, validation, and cultural adaptation for use in the Polish context.

The project addresses a growing public health concern related to pelvic floor dysfunctions (PFDs), such as urinary incontinence (UI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP), which significantly affect women’s quality of life. Despite the availability of conservative treatment options, including pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT), awareness and knowledge about these issues remain limited. Therefore, the research focuses on both theoretical and practical goals. Theoretical goals include analyzing the level of knowledge across three distinct groups—perinatal women, healthy women, and those experiencing pelvic floor dysfunctions—and identifying factors that may influence awareness in each group. Practically, the study aims to validate and culturally adapt two specific questionnaires—PIKQ and PFMT-P—designed to assess women’s knowledge about UI, POP, and PFMT, and to evaluate their perceptions and motivations related to pelvic floor muscle training. The research project aims to evaluate the level of awareness among women regarding pelvic floor disorders and to adapt diagnostic tools for Polish conditions. The project involves multi-phase methodological approach: 1. Translation and back-translation of the original instruments (from English to Polish and vice versa). 2. Expert validation by a multidisciplinary team, including urogynecological physiotherapists, linguists, and health researchers. 3. Pilot testing to assess comprehensibility and cultural relevance. 4. Cultural adaptation to ensure linguistic and contextual consistency across Polish regions. 5. Psychometric evaluation, including analysis of reliability (e.g., Cronbach’s alpha) and validity (construct and content). 6. Large-scale validation in the target population. Validation studies will be conducted on a representative target group (e.g., women in the perinatal period, women with symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction – PFD). At this stage, the PFDI-20 questionnaire will be used as a reference tool to assess convergent validity. This will allow for the evaluation of whether a higher level of knowledge (PIKQ) and a more positive perception of training (PFMT-P) are associated with lower symptom bother related to PFD. Comparison of results: An analysis will be conducted to examine the relationship between scores on the PIKQ, PFMT-P, and PFDI-20 across different subgroups of participants (e.g., healthy vs. symptomatic). This will enable the assessment of the validity and usefulness of the adapted tools. 7. Finalization and implementation of the validated tools. Expected outcomes include: • Creation of reliable and culturally appropriate tools (PIKQ and PFMT-P) for assessing women’s awareness and perceptions of pelvic floor health. • Evidence-based support for healthcare professionals in tailoring educational and therapeutic interventions. • Enhancement of public health campaigns and preventive strategies regarding pelvic floor dysfunctions in Poland. By providing comprehensive insight into the level of knowledge and awareness among different groups of women, the project is expected to contribute to more effective education, earlier identification of pelvic floor disorders, and improved health outcomes in this area. Ethical Considerations: The project has received ethical approval from the University Ethics Committee of the University of Opole (Poland) under the reference number 2/2025. Permission has been obtained from the original authors of the questionnaires for their translation, validation, and cultural adaptation for use in the Polish context.

This is an amendment to the previous preregistration. Due to resources constraints, we aimed to collect data from 400 participants (as opposed to 550, as previously registered). A pilot study suggested that our effect sizes were larger than expected (at d = .3), suggesting that we might be able to detect the effect with less participants than we initially thought.

Visually opaque information affects people’s inferences about another person’s emotional state. For instance, knowledge about prior moral conduct biases the perception of faces, so that faces with neutral expressions may appear as if they were showing negative emotions. Interactions between humans and social robots are predicted to increase in the near future. Here we investigate whether affective knowledge influences the perception and evaluation of robot faces. In a fully counterbalanced design, participants hear positive, neutral and negative stories (e.g., “has shown aggressive behavior”, “teaches social skills to children with autism”, “works as a hotel receptionist”) about 18 real human-like robots and subsequently rate each robot's trustworthiness and the valence of their facial expressions. We expect affective information to modulate people’s perception and evaluation of the robots’ faces. We expect to find evidence in favor of this idea in ERP components associated with different stages of visual processing of robot faces, as well as ratings of trustworthiness and facial expressions. If confirmed, the findings would show that humans can read good or bad intentions into robot faces. This would suggest that we can see robots as intentional agents, whose past conduct can help predict their future behavior. This study may therefore provide valuable insights for the design of social robots and inform the ethical discourse surrounding the responsibility of artificial agents.

This project compares predictive fingertip forces and perceptions of heaviness across a group of children with probable developmental coordination disorder and a group of typically-developing children. There was no evidence for a difference between the groups in either of these metrics.

This project compares predictive fingertip forces and perceptions of heaviness across a group of children with probable developmental coordination disorder and a group of typically-developing children. There was no evidence for a difference between the groups in either of these metrics.

Vaiśeṣikā Philosophy i.e. Philosophy of Kaṇāda is vast and scientific on philosophical base. Here we have taken only a part and i.e. process of cognition / perception / knowledge acquired by human being.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the attitudes, perceptions, and knowledge of males and females in regard to the researched paper. To answer this question, a primary survey was used to gather data as the primary method. A survey was distributed to secondary school students in northeast Indiana as well as undergraduate level writing classes at a northeast Indiana university. Also examined were previously published studies to formulate a foundation for findings. The results of this study indicate that while males and females share similar knowledge about the researched paper, their perceptions and attitudes for a majority of the researched paper are vastly different. This study has several implications; the largest implication is that the researched paper must continue to be taught. Also, more in-depth research must be done in this area. Teachers and the public on all levels will greatly benefit from more published academic research in this area. The survey instrument is attached. (Author/RS)

This project is an initial project that aims to translate, validate and conduct a reliability assessment of a designed questionnaire.

The knowledge and perception of abortion has highly influenced the choice to undergo selfinduced abortion. The identified outcomes of which have continued to increase maternal morbidity and mortality. This is to say self-induced abortions which are mostly done by unsafe methods apart from claiming lives, often result in serious health problems. The main purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge on factors and perception of females’ medical student on self-induced abortion. This was a cross-sectional study. About 185 females’ medical students participated and filled self-administered questionnaire following their consent to participate in the study. Data collected were entered into excel spread sheet and analysed with the help of excel. Results were presented on tables. Out of 185 participants, 165(89.2%) said unsafe abortion is abortion done by inflicting trauma, 185(100%) agreed that comprehensive abortion should be done by medical practitioner, 185(100%) said abortion can lead to death, infertility and psychological trauma. 66(35.7%) responded that abortion is safe at any age while 119(64.3%) said no, it is not safe at any age. 54(29.2%) said abortion can be done anywhere as long as drug is available while 131(70.8%) responded no, 172(92.9%) said abortion is right of every female in Uganda while 13(7.0%) disagreed. Also, 185 (100%) said pregnancy caused by raped as one of the factors triggering self-induced abortion, stigma 178(96.2%), fear of forced marriage 168(90.8%), fear of responsibility and denial by father 150(81.1%) and desire to finished school 110(59.5%). Response of participants on perception of female students on self-induced abortion. 139(75.1%) said abortion should be permitted, 151(81.6%) believe contraceptives used can reduced abortion incidence, 157(84.9%) blamed inadequate sex education for self-induced abortion. 131(70.8%) believed free access to abortion care can reduced mortality or morbidity related to abortion complications. 149(80.5%) said marriage can reduce self-induced abortion, 70(37.8%) said friends should be advised to go for abortion to avoid unplanned pregnancy while 36(19.5%) said abortion is for family planning and 149(80.5%) disagreed that it is not a form of planning a family. This study concludes that the females’ folks have knowledge on self-induced abortion however, their perception shows abortion should be the right of every female and not only on medical basis.

"Knowledge and Perception" is an article from The Journal of Philosophy, Psychology and Scientific Methods, Volume 6 . View more articles from The Journal of Philosophy, Psychology and Scientific Methods . View this article on JSTOR . View this article's JSTOR metadata . You may also retrieve all of this items metadata in JSON at the following URL: https://archive.org/metadata/jstor-2011735

Background: Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) or haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a procedure used to cure haematopoietic malignancies, poorly functioning haematopoietic or immune system and genetic diseases (eg. sickle cell anaemia). High cost to the patient, poor infrastructure and poor understanding of the procedure by the patients and health care providers limit its acceptance. This study was carried out to determine the opinion, level of knowledge, preparedness and perception of health care personnel on BMT as a baseline for the establishment of a national or regional bone marrow transplant centres in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was a multicentre cross-sectional study amongst health care workers in six tertiary health care centres in Nigeria- Lagos, Abuja, Enugu, Zaria, Maiduguri, and Jos. After obtaining each institution’s ethics and research committee approval, a pretested structured questionnaire was administered to respondents aged 18 years and above. Results: A total of 466 participants including 142 doctors, 123 nurses, 26 pharmacists and pharmacy technicians, 124 laboratory scientists and laboratory technicians and 51 other health care workers such as dieticians, social workers and radiographers participated in the study. About 94.6% (441 of 466) were aware of BMT. The centre with the highest level of awareness was Abuja (97.6%). The mean knowledge score of all participants was 38.4 ± 2.06%. 

Abstract Background and Aim of Study : Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (SBA) was launched by the Prime Minister of India to accelerate the efforts for achieving universal sanitation. To ensure adequate participation, community must be sensitized about the mission objectives and its role in bringing the desired change. The aim of the study: to assess the knowledge, perception and practices regarding SBA among rural people, and to study the association between their socio epidemiological factors and awareness regarding SBA. Material and Methods:  Community based cross-sectional study was conducted for duration of 6 months (April to September 2021) at a rural area of south Tamilnadu. A sample of 250 subjects was included and was administered a predesigned, pretested, semi structured questionnaire. The responses were recorded and appropriate statistical tests were applied. Results:  Mean age group of our study participants was 47.6 ± 9.8 years. Television 126 (50.4%) and newspaper 41 (16.4%) were found to be the main source of information about SBA. This study showed out of 250 participants, 142 (56.8%) of them had good knowledge and 174 (69.6%) had good perception score. Our study found a statistical significant association between educational status and level of knowledge and perception score. Conclusions:  The present study found that majority of the subjects were aware of SBA and were having positive attitude and perception but very less practicing in our day today life. Increasing awareness regarding health hazards of open-air defecation and improper disposal of solid waste will create a change in their behavior in adopting healthy lifestyle.

Human papillomavirus (HPV), the most common sexually transmitted virus in the world, is associated with almost all cases of cervical cancer. It is also related to vulvar, vaginal, penile, anal, and oropharyngeal cancer. HPV vaccination is recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for both boys and girls. Unfortunately, because prevention efforts have focused primarily on young women, many young men are unaware of the virus, its consequences, or preventive strategies. The purpose of this study was to determine knowledge level of HPV, perceived risk of HPV and intent to obtain HPV vaccination among male university students. Participants completed a 31-item survey. Knowledge-based questions indicated rudimentary knowledge of HPV. Fifty percent knew that HPV was the most common STI, over half (52%) knew of the HPV association with multiple cancers, 39% could correctly identify the virus and 35% could identify virus strains controlled by vaccination. Most agreed (54%) or strongly agreed (19%) they were at a high risk for HPV. A significant majority agreed (49%) or strongly agreed (39%) that unprotected sexual activity put them at risk but nearly half (46%) were unaware that HPV vaccinations were available for males. Despite this awareness, 86% were not vaccinated and 65% of these respondents did not plan to become vaccinated. In addition, of 86% who were not vaccinated, 45% did not perceive themselves at risk and 47% were not aware of a vaccination. Only 9% were fully vaccinated against HPV and 6% had received partial vaccinations. Though male students understand the scope of HPV infection and perceive themselves to be at risk, are or intend to be vaccinated. This is a significant issue for public health, which needs to focus on this critical but neglected target population.

Introduction: Dental fluorosis in the anterior teeth may raise esthetic concerns in many patients. There are several methods in dentistry to correct esthetic alterations caused by staining. 

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had a significant impact in terms of economic and social health. Assessing the community's knowledge regarding the transmission of COVID-19 is essential to specify the target of promoting and preventive actions. Therefore, the research aimed to assess pregnant women's knowledge, perception, and behavior against COVID-19 transmission. The research was a quantitative cross [1] sectional study. Pregnant women who received antenatal care at PKU Muhammadiyah Mamajang Makassar Hospital were included in the study. We are using random sampling, and the study was conducted from May 31-July 31, 2021. The study found that pregnant women's knowledge, perception, and behavior of COVID-19 transmission was high and good. Several factors were found to be related to the level of knowledge, including the story of education (p 0.013), perception (p 0.037), and behavior (p 0.0001). Meanwhile, age and parity have no association with knowledge (p 0.524 and p 0.499). Currently, it is hoped that more optimal education will continue to be carried out by health workers to mothers so that they can live their pregnancies in a prosperous manner so that mothers and fetuses will be healthy and safe during the pandemic COVID-19.

There have been assumptions in the literature that sexuality education programs can increase adolescents' knowledge, help them clarify values, and improve decision making and communication skills; and that these changes, in turn, can reduce irresponsible sexual activity, unintended pregnancies, sexually transmitted diseases, some sexual dysfunctions, and can improve interpersonal relationships and self-perception. This study examined the relation between a comprehensive sexuality health education course and the self-perception of adolescents. Subjects were high school students who took either the self-esteem portion of a health class during the first 9 weeks of the first semester (N=104), students who took the reproductive knowledge portion of the class first (N=92), and a control group who took the health class second semester (N=86). Subjects completed the Self-Perception Profile for Adolescents and a teacher-made test of general reproductive knowledge as pretests, posttest, and delayed posttests. The results showed that students' level of reproductive knowledge was increased by taking the health class, but that students retained only 50% of that knowledge 9 weeks after taking the class. Analysis of the Self-Perception Profile posttest scores revealed no significant differences between groups. Changes in self-perception among students taking the self-esteem portion of the class were statistically insignificant. The survey instrument is appended. (NB)

The purpose of the present study was to test the utility of a model of young children's social cognition as a predictor of preschoolers' social competence with same-age peers. The model investigated in this study proposes that three, relatively independent, domains of social-cognitive processes are pertinent to young children's peer relations. The first of these processing skills, social knowledge, was conceptualized as a repertoire of social strategies. The second skill, social perception, was conceptualized as both the accurate encoding of relevant social cues and the positive interpretation of social cues that have been encoded. The final element of this model of social cognition is young children's relationship goals and expectations, or the extent to which preschoolers would like to play with other children and feel that other children would like to play with them. Subjects in this study were 34 4- and 5-year-old children who completed multiple assessments that were developed or adapted to measure each of these domains with preschoolers. Results indicated that measures of each of the three hypothesized domains were associated with measures of children's peer competence. Furthermore, measures of aspects of two of the domains - the quality of social knowledge and positive interpretation of social cues - independently predicted teacher-rated peer competence when the subjects' general verbal ability was statistically controlled. These results are interpreted as evidence that multiple, at least partially independent, social cognitive processes may guide children's social behavior. Associations among measures of the three hypothesized domains of social cognition suggest that the hypothesis that these domains are independent may not be entirely adequate. Furthermore, the pattern of associations among measures of these domains and measures of children's verbal ability and peer competence provide some evidence that a two-factor model may provide a more accurate and parsimonious description of young children's social cognitive processing. (Contains 11 tables.) [Master Theses, Auburn University.]

Pertussis is widely spreading in the world, including Pakistan. The current study aims to evaluate the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of future healthcare workers toward pertussis. 

Our pilot research discovered that among children in middle childhood, the perception of personally familiar faces would automatically facilitate their abilities of perspective-taking. In this study, we focused on the role of a key factor, personal knowledge, in this automatic linkage. Participants were 9- to 11-year-old children. We manipulated the ways to form familiarity with originally unfamiliar others, half through visual exposure and half through personal knowledge. Then we explored whether children would perform differently in taking the perspectives of the two categories of familiar others.

This review will be about student nurses knowledge, perception and attitudes towards engagement with individuals living with HIV/AIDS.

Annotated translation of Jayarasi's Tattvopaplavasimha.

Annotated translation of Jayarasi's Tattvopaplavasimha.

This article is from PLoS ONE , volume 9 . Abstract The Ministry of Health in Uganda in collaboration with the Program for Appropriate Technology for Health (PATH) supported by Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation in 2008–2009 vaccinated approximately 10,000 girls with the bivalent humanpapilloma virus (HPV) vaccine. We assessed parent's knowledge, risk perception and willingness to allow son(s) to receive HPV vaccines in future through a cross-sectional survey of secondary school boys aged 10–23 years in 4 districts. 377 questionnaires were distributed per district and 870 were used in analysis. Parents that had ever heard about cervical cancer and HPV vaccines; those who would allow daughter(s) to be given the vaccine and those who thought that HPV infection was associated with genital warts were more willing to allow son(s) to receive the HPV vaccine. Unwilling parents considered HPV vaccination of boys unimportant (p = 0.003), believed that only females should receive the vaccine (p = 0.006), thought their son(s) couldn't contract HPV (p = 0.010), didn't know about HPV sexual transmissibility (p = 0.002), knew that males could not acquire HPV (p = 0.000) and never believed that the HPV vaccines could protect against HPV (p = 0.000). Acceptance of HPV vaccination of daughters and likelihood of recommending HPV vaccines to son(s) of friends and relatives predicted parental willingness to allow sons to receive HPV vaccines. Probable HPV vaccination of boys is a viable complement to that of girls. Successfulness of HPV vaccination relies on parental acceptability and sustained sensitization about usefulness of HPV vaccines even for boys is vital.

Introduction: COVID-19 is probably the most recent example of an unavoidable illness the world is facing. The basic knowledge regarding the disease affects the perception of risk of acquiring the illness and using precautionary practices to prevent it.

This article is from ecancermedicalscience , volume 2 . Abstract Objective:: The benefit of mammography is overestimated among UK women, although the National Health Service (NHS) offers comprehensive information about breast screening with its official pamphlet. This study examined how women in the UK construct their views of mammography and how they interpret the information in the NHS pamphlets and newspaper articles about breast screening. Methods:: Focus groups and individual interviews with 11 female participants aged 26–58 were conducted using a baseline questionnaire. Results:: Many participants possessed knowledge about mammography, which differed from the medical consensus. Various factors, including self-beliefs, experience of breast cancer or being screened with a mammogram and stories from friends and relatives, could influence the participant’s view about breast screening with a mammogram. Sceptical attitudes towards the media description of breast screening issues were revealed. The participants felt that the NHS pamphlets offered enough information about breast screening. Conclusion:: The women in this study showed that people may not be surrounded by the practical information sources to know about mammogram efficacy until they are invited to the breast screening. In order to achieve democratic discussion over breast screening, including mammography, the NHS and mass media have room for further cooperation to provide the full picture of breast screening to the public.

Recent statistics and studies have shown the adverse effects of the novel coronavirus 2019 (nCoV-19) on population health and how knowledge, attitude, and perception (KAP) towards the virus can be the main key to limiting its spread in the absence of a vaccine. Thus, this study aims at mapping evidence on the KAP towards nCoV-19 in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) using scoping review

This article is from Journal of Basic and Clinical Pharmacy , volume 2 . Abstract Aim:: The rising HIV infection rates among women especially of child bearing age particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa expose children to increased HIV risk even before they are born. Without effective measures or awareness campaigns to deal with mother-to-child transmission, 390 000 out of the global 430 000 children newly infected with HIV during 2008 were from sub-Saharan AfricaThis study was undertaken to assess HIV/AIDS related knowledge, attitude and risk perception among pregnant women in Tertiary hospital, Southwestern Nigeria Method:: The study was carried out using a 43- item self administered questionnaire, pretestd and administered to 403 pregnant women during ante-natal clinic sessions Results:: High HIV/AIDS awareness level (97%) was recorded, 77.7% had correct knowledge of the cause of the disease but knowledge on the modes of vertical transmission during pregnancy (57.5%) and prevention during breast-feeding (62.3%) was not encouragingA lot of misconceptions about the cause of the HIV/AIDS, modes of contact, transmission, prevention and anti-retroviral therapy were recorded Conclusion:: The survey revealed that a lot needed to be done to improve the knowledge, attitude, perception and behavioral changes among the populace especially in this particular group. This calls for urgent and proper response in order to stem the tide of HIV/AIDS.

This article is from BMC Medical Education , volume 14 . Abstract Background: Virtual patient (VP) cases are an effective teaching method, although little is known about how to design and implement them for maximum effectiveness. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of case design and teamwork on students’ learning outcome. Methods: One hundred forty-six undergraduate medical students participated in a mandatory medical computer science course consisting of five seminars. At the end of each seminar, they worked on one VP case, either in teams of two or individually. Each student filled out an introductory and a final survey and a feedback sheet after completing each case. Additionally, there was a surprise multiple choice (MC) test after the last seminar with three questions regarding each case. Results: Students with more clinical experience and students who had worked in a team performed significantly better on MC questions. Students with less clinical experience more frequently used information which had been positioned less prominently on the case material. Certain aspects of case design were rated more positively by students who had an interest in e-learning. In general, students preferred to work on cases for less than 15 minutes. Conclusions: Clinically more advanced students and students working with a partner seem to benefit most from short VP cases with prominently presented information.

This article is from Annals of Medical and Health Sciences Research , volume 1 . Abstract Background:: Menopause alters the physiological, biochemical and psychological environment of a woman. Thus the knowledge and perception of its symptomatology is invaluable to enable appropriate adjustment to this natural phenomenon. Objective:: The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge and perception of menopause and climacteric symptoms among a sample of women in Enugu, South East Nigeria. Methods:: This was a cross sectional survey of 432 women aged 45-60 and above drawn from the general population of Enugu metropolis of Nigeria. These women were randomly selected from the gynaecology clinic attendees in a tertiary health care facility in Enugu. A self administered structured pre-tested questionnaire was designed. The data were analysed using SPSS software. The primary methods used were cross tabulation (with X2 or Mantel Haenszel trend tests as appropriate) and one way analysis of variance. Results:: Majority of women in the population studied experienced climacteric symptoms but relatively few regarded these symptoms as a problem. For example hot flushes and night sweats were experienced by 70.0% but defined as a problem by only 30.0%. Out of 432 women studied, only 33.3% sought medical attention in hospital for their symptoms. 58.3% of the women did not regard them as a medical problem and took them as part of aging process. Conclusion:: Physicians should be aware of climacteric symptoms among women in the population so as to offer appropriate counselling and support without undue recourse to wasteful clinical assessment and investigations. Public enlightenment would also help to improve awareness of the menopause and its symptoms that may often lead to misdiagnosis in gynaecological clinics.

Dental health professionals' knowledge, perception, and attitudes about molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is imperative to enhance clinical approaches and provide effective dental care. MIH is a Developmental Enamel Defects that predisposing permanent teeth to post-eruptive fractures and susceptibility to caries. Dentists' familiarity with the etiological aspects, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic methods of MIH is crucial for early identification and appropriate therapeutic intervention. Furthermore, understanding this condition enables the implementation of personalized preventive strategies and effective counseling for patients, aiming at maintaining oral health. Thus, scientific knowledge about MIH is an essential component in optimizing clinical practice, contributing to the promotion of oral health, and preventing complications associated with this specific condition.

Dental health professionals' knowledge, perception, and attitudes about molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is imperative to enhance clinical approaches and provide effective dental care. MIH is a Developmental Enamel Defects that predisposing permanent teeth to post-eruptive fractures and susceptibility to caries. Dentists' familiarity with the etiological aspects, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic methods of MIH is crucial for early identification and appropriate therapeutic intervention. Furthermore, understanding this condition enables the implementation of personalized preventive strategies and effective counseling for patients, aiming at maintaining oral health. Thus, scientific knowledge about MIH is an essential component in optimizing clinical practice, contributing to the promotion of oral health, and preventing complications associated with this specific condition.

This is a systematic review with the aim of synthesizing the available evidence on the knowledge, attitude, and perception of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) population towards depression.

This is a systematic review with the aim of synthesizing the available evidence on the knowledge, attitude, and perception of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) population towards depression.

This is a systematic review with the aim of synthesizing the available evidence on the knowledge, attitude, and perception of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) population towards depression.

Introduction: Direct exposure to solar radiation frequently can drastically increase the probabilities of skin cancer. However, this may be avoided via way of means of sunscreen use which is considered as an essential safety measure in opposition to the harmful effects of the Solar’s ultraviolet rays on our skin. 

This is a project aimed at collecting and analyzing quantitative data to study the knowledge, awareness and perception of prostate cancer in Ghanaian market women.

Purpose: The study investigated the environmental knowledge, attitudes and behaviours exhibited by the pre-service teachers and determined if there was any significant relationship between environmental knowledge, attitudes and behaviours. Method: This descriptive study adopted a quantitative approach using questionnaires to obtain information on environmental knowledge (53 items with true/false responses), environmental attitudes (11 items with a 4-point Likert scale) and environmental behaviours (11 items with a 4-point Likert scale) of 173 3rd-year students enrolled in the Chemistry Teaching Methods course. Data were analysed using both descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (correlation coefficient). Findings: The low total mean score on the environmental knowledge component indicated the respondents' lack of knowledge on environmental issues especially in climate change, However, the respondents exhibited high positive environmental attitudes based on their responses to the relevant attitude items especially on items that related to adopting significant actions. Most of the items in the environmental behaviours component yielded considerably high mean scores which indicated a strong willingness on the part of the pre-service teachers to take pro-environmental behaviours. The findings also showed that there was no significant relationship between knowledge, attitudes and behaviours. Significance: The study highlighted the need to review the curriculum on environmental education in teacher-training courses so as to provide pre-service teachers with knowledge on environmental issues, as well as to develop favourable attitudes and behaviours of students regarding environmental issues.

The aim of this systematic review was to explore and analyze the knowledge, perception, attitude, practice and awareness among dentists and dental students about molar-incisor hypomineralization.

Protocol for the scooping review of knowledge, perception and barriers to palliative care among health care professionals

Although it is commonly assumed that increases in mathematical knowledge and problem-solving skill alter one's understanding of mathematical problems, little research exists to support this assumption. The present study investigated the relationship between mathematical background and problem perception in two experiments. Experiment 1 employed hierarchical clustering analysis to compare the way that experts (nine mathematics professors) sorted 32 mathematics problems typical of college mathematics courses with the way that novices (19 undergraduates) sorted the same problems. The experimenters assigned an a priori mathematical "surface structure" and a mathematical "deep structure" characterizations to each problem. "Surface structure" refers to the items described in the problems themselves. "Deep structure" refers to the mathematical principles necessary for solution. Results indicated that the two groups use different criteria for considering problems to be related. Experiment 2 compared changes in mathematics problem perception of students who took a computer course during the same time period. Training in problem solving resulted in the experimental group's problem perception being more differentiated and more like that of experts. Appendices contain the 32 problems used in the experiments and the mathematics pretest. (Author/RL)

Space spraying is still considered as the most powerful method to control the spread of dengue virus transmission, particularly in an emergency such as an outbreak. However, there is still limited information about how the knowledge and perception of people about space spraying against dengue. This study aimed to assess knowledge and community perception of space spraying against dengue in an endemic area. This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study, involved 273 respondents in three endemic areas in Kebumen Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Structured questionnaires about knowledge and perception of space spraying were administered to the respondents. The 41.4% of respondents had poor knowledge about space spraying, and 42.1% had a negative perspective about space spaying. Only 15.4 % of respondents aware that space spraying applications must be carried out based on several criteria and procedures. Most of them assumed that space spraying can be applied anytime and feel secure when space spraying was applied in their near area. Lack of knowledge and false security on space spraying applications could make people less active to conduct routine practice of mosquito breeding site eradication. It is important to enhance community knowledge and perception of space spraying, so they could understand that space spraying application only for emergencies and routine mosquito breeding site prevention must be carried out regularly.

This article is from BMC Medical Ethics , volume 14 . Abstract Background: To determine the knowledge and ethical perception regarding organ donation amongst medical students in Karachi- Pakistan. Methods: Data of this cross sectional study was collected by self administered questionnaire from MBBS students of Ziauddin University from 2010 to 2011. Sample size of 158 (83 First years and 75 Fourth years) were selected by convenient sampling and those students who were present and gave consent were included in the study. The data was analyzed by SPSS version 20. Results: A total of 158 participants from Ziauddin Medical University filled out the questionnaire out of which 83(52.5%) were first years and 75(47.5%) were fourth year medical students. Mean age of sample was 20 ± 1.7. Majority of students were aware about organ donation with print and electronic media as the main source of information. 81.6% agreed that it was ethically correct to donate an organ. In the students’ opinion, most commonly donated organs and tissues were kidney, cornea, blood and platelet. Ideal candidates for donating organ were parents (81%). Regarding list of options for preference to receive an organ, most of the students agreed on young age group patients and persons with family. Willingness to donate was significantly associated with knowledge of allowance of organ donation in religion (P=0.000). Conclusion: Both 1st year and 4th year students are aware of Organ Donation, but there is a significant lack of knowledge regarding the topic.

This article is from The Pan African Medical Journal , volume 17 . Abstract Introduction: Health care workers are exposed to the risk of blood-borne diseases such as HIV, Hepatitis B and C in their daily encounter with infected patients and materials through unsafe injections. This study determined the baseline and post-intervention knowledge and practice of modern injection safety standards among health care workers. Methods: The study population was the healthcare workers in a teaching hospital in southeastern Nigeria. Data was collected using a self-administered 37-item structured questionnaire assessing their knowledge and practice on injection safety. Collected data was analyzed using SPSS. Results: Nurses comprised 62.8% (98/156) of the population. While most had heard of injection safety only 67.2% (84/125) had previously had any form of training on it. Only 54% (81/150) had heard or seen color coded bins. The standard needle and syringe is still widely used and 45% (65/145) still recap needles on syringes after use irrespective of type of personnel. Half (50.6% =78/154) of our respondents had had a previous needle prick injury. Only 25.6% (20/78) with previous needle prick injury had post-exposure prophylaxis. All doctors and laboratory scientists always use gloves compared to 94.8% (91/96) nurses while handling patients or materials. Following the intervention, a significantly high number became aware of post-exposure prophylaxis and color coded bins and liners. Conclusion: There is a need for healthcare workers to be regularly updated on changing safety standards in their practice. Also hospitals must be encouraged to acquire and use internationally accepted standard materials in collection and disposal patient's samples.