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The primary goal of this scoping review is to identify emotion regulation strategies utilized by female athletes and exercisers of reproductive age (e.g., between the ages of 18-50; premenopausal, perimenopausal). A secondary goal is to examine differences in emotion regulation strategies between female athletes and exercisers who use hormonal contraception and those who do not. This review serves as an initial step toward identifying important gaps in knowledge, best practices for assessment of emotion regulation among women of reproductive age, and times at which mental skills training programs to support sustained exercise adherence across the menstrual cycle may be most useful. This review will be conducted by following the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR; Tricco et al., 2018) guidelines. The research team will search the following databases for cross-sectional, observational, or experimental studies: Academic Search Complete, CINHAL, Embase, Google Scholar, PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycArticles, PsycInfo, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science. Search terms will include combinations of “emotion regulation OR affect regulation OR mood regulation OR self-regulation OR emotion management OR affect management OR mood management OR emotional control OR affect control OR mood control OR coping strategies OR psychological flexibility OR cognitive reappraisal OR expressive suppression”, “women OR woman OR female,” and “exercise OR physical activity OR sport OR athlete OR exerciser OR training.” Each resulting title and abstract will be reviewed to determine relevance to the research questions. Additional inclusion criteria include: (1) published in a peer-reviewed journal, (2) available in English, (3) the primary outcome objectively assessed PA, (4) target population is women of reproductive age (e.g., between the ages of 18-50; premenopause and/or perimenopause status), or if the sample includes women under the age of 18 or women over age 50 the average age of a sample is ≤ 35, and (5) target population is not a group that has a medical contraindication to sport or exercise participation (e.g., cancer treatment), or a mental and/or physical impairment leading to inability to participate in sport or exercise (e.g., severe psychopathology). The research team will extract the following data from each of the included studies: name of journal, authors, year of publication, sample size, participant characteristics (e.g., participant age range, average age, medical conditions, menopause status, hormonal contraceptive use), type of sport or exercise (e.g., endurance sport, resistance training, team sport, individual sport), study type (e.g., cross-sectional, observational, experimental), emotion regulation measurement tool, timing of assessment, type of emotion regulation strategy, main findings, differences between contraceptive users versus non-users (as applicable), and variability across menstrual cycle phases (as applicable).