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Concurrency has been rapidly gaining importance in general-purpose computing, caused by the recent turn towards multicore processing architectures. As a result, an increasing number of developers have to learn to write concurrent programs, a task that is known to be hard even for the expert. Language designers are therefore working on languages that promise to make concurrent programming "easier" than using traditional thread libraries. However, the claim that a new language is more usable than another cannot be supported by purely theoretical considerations, but calls for empirical studies. In this paper, we present the design of a study to compare concurrent programming languages with respect to comprehending and debugging existing programs and writing correct new programs. A critical challenge for such a study is avoiding the bias that might be introduced during the training phase and when interpreting participants' solutions. We address these issues by the use of self-study material and an evaluation scheme that exposes any subjective decisions of the corrector, or eliminates them altogether. We apply our design to a comparison of two object-oriented languages for concurrency, multithreaded Java and SCOOP (Simple Concurrent Object-Oriented Programming), in an academic setting. We obtain results in favor of SCOOP even though the study participants had previous training in Java Threads.

This thesis addresses object oriented programming languages; and a restrictive definition of object oriented programming languages is presented and defended. Differences between programming languages are discussed and related to interactive integrated programming environments. Topics related to user friendly interface to the computer system and modem programming practice are discussed. The thesis especially addresses features in object oriented programming languages that are important when a user friendly interactive integrated programming environment is designed. Some future research areas are suggested.

This thesis addresses object oriented programming languages; and a restrictive definition of object oriented programming languages is presented and defended. Differences between programming languages are discussed and related to interactive integrated programming environments. Topics related to user friendly interface to the computer system and modem programming practice are discussed. The thesis especially addresses features in object oriented programming languages that are important when a user friendly interactive integrated programming environment is designed. Some future research areas are suggested.

A unit test is a method for verifying the accuracy and the proper functioning of a portion of a program. This work consists to study the relation and the approaches to test Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) programs and to propose a metamodel that enables the programmer to write the tests while writing the source code to be tested by exploiting the key features of OOP programming languages such as inheritance, polymorphism, etc.

A unit test is a method for verifying the accuracy and the proper functioning of a portion of a program. This work consists to study the relation and the approaches to test Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) programs and to propose a metamodel that enables the programmer to write the tests while writing the source code to be tested by exploiting the key features of OOP programming languages such as inheritance, polymorphism, etc.

A unit test is a method for verifying the accuracy and the proper functioning of a portion of a program. This work consists to study the relation and the approaches to test Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) programs and to propose a metamodel that enables the programmer to write the tests while writing the source code to be tested by exploiting the key features of OOP programming languages such as inheritance, polymorphism, etc.

This thesis addresses object oriented programming languages; and a restrictive definition of object oriented programming languages is presented and defended. Differences between programming languages are discussed and related to interactive integrated programming environments. Topics related to user friendly interface to the computer system and modern programming practice are discussed. The thesis especially addresses features in object oriented programming languages that are important when a user friendly interactive integrated programming environment is designed. Some future research areas are suggested.

This thesis addresses object oriented programming languages; and a restrictive definition of object oriented programming languages is presented and defended. Differences between programming languages are discussed and related to interactive integrated programming environments. Topics related to user friendly interface to the computer system and modern programming practice are discussed. The thesis especially addresses features in object oriented programming languages that are important when a user friendly interactive integrated programming environment is designed. Some future research areas are suggested.

Many applications require complexly structured data objects. Developing new or adapting existing algorithmic solutions for creating such objects can be a non-trivial and costly task if the considered objects are subject to different application-specific constraints. Often, however, it is comparatively easy to declaratively describe the required objects. In this paper, we propose to use answer-set programming (ASP)---a well-established declarative programming paradigm from the area of artificial intelligence---for instantiating objects in standard object-oriented programming languages. In particular, we extend Java with declarative specifications from which the required objects can be automatically generated using available ASP solver technology.

Many applications require complexly structured data objects. Developing new or adapting existing algorithmic solutions for creating such objects can be a non-trivial and costly task if the considered objects are subject to different application-specific constraints. Often, however, it is comparatively easy to declaratively describe the required objects. In this paper, we propose to use answer-set programming (ASP)---a well-established declarative programming paradigm from the area of artificial intelligence---for instantiating objects in standard object-oriented programming languages. In particular, we extend Java with declarative specifications from which the required objects can be automatically generated using available ASP solver technology.

Distributed War Gaming (DWG) is the interactive simulation of military defense systems employing their command and control systems and the data processing capabilities of their headquarters. Using land-warfare as an example, a conceptual framework for the development of DWG information systems is provided which is based on the utilization of object-oriented software systems. In contrast to traditional software, these systems invoke the transformation of data by messages between objects which specify the transformation to be performed by the addressed object. When defining the system to be modelled, the analyst needs to be concerned with the reaction of individual objects to local messages only. The dynamics of complex systems are the results of the propagation of local messages to its individual elements. Based on a brief description of the basic principles behind object-oriented languages, a classification of objects and their attributes in a land-wargame is discussed and a definition of object behaviors is illustrated. Eight basic types of messages for a DWG and their formats are proposed, as is an algorithm for the synchronization of distributed simulations in DWG. Object-oriented software systems are judged to have potential for facilitating evolution in military software development. Their use in DWG could, in the long run, alleviate the problem of model acceptability. Thus, the development of prototype DWG-systems is proposed for feasibility testing and for the development of a strategy for the evolution of operational DWG-systems. (Author)

Available from National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Va

Available from National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Va

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