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Formal modelling of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) is a challenging task due to high complexity, interaction, parallelism and continuous change of roles and organisation between agents. In this paper we record our research experience on formal modelling of MAS. We review our research throughout the last decade, by describing the problems we have encountered and the decisions we have made towards resolving them and providing solutions. Much of this work involved membrane computing and classes of P Systems, such as Tissue and Population P Systems, targeted to the modelling of MAS whose dynamic structure is a prominent characteristic. More particularly, social insects (such as colonies of ants, bees, etc.), biology inspired swarms and systems with emergent behaviour are indicative examples for which we developed formal MAS models. Here, we aim to review our work and disseminate our findings to fellow researchers who might face similar challenges and, furthermore, to discuss important issues for advancing research on the application of membrane computing in MAS modelling.

Formal modelling of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) is a challenging task due to high complexity, interaction, parallelism and continuous change of roles and organisation between agents. In this paper we record our research experience on formal modelling of MAS. We review our research throughout the last decade, by describing the problems we have encountered and the decisions we have made towards resolving them and providing solutions. Much of this work involved membrane computing and classes of P Systems, such as Tissue and Population P Systems, targeted to the modelling of MAS whose dynamic structure is a prominent characteristic. More particularly, social insects (such as colonies of ants, bees, etc.), biology inspired swarms and systems with emergent behaviour are indicative examples for which we developed formal MAS models. Here, we aim to review our work and disseminate our findings to fellow researchers who might face similar challenges and, furthermore, to discuss important issues for advancing research on the application of membrane computing in MAS modelling.

Formal modelling of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) is a challenging task due to high complexity, interaction, parallelism and continuous change of roles and organisation between agents. In this paper we record our research experience on formal modelling of MAS. We review our research throughout the last decade, by describing the problems we have encountered and the decisions we have made towards resolving them and providing solutions. Much of this work involved membrane computing and classes of P Systems, such as Tissue and Population P Systems, targeted to the modelling of MAS whose dynamic structure is a prominent characteristic. More particularly, social insects (such as colonies of ants, bees, etc.), biology inspired swarms and systems with emergent behaviour are indicative examples for which we developed formal MAS models. Here, we aim to review our work and disseminate our findings to fellow researchers who might face similar challenges and, furthermore, to discuss important issues for advancing research on the application of membrane computing in MAS modelling.

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We use a theoretical frame-work to analytically assess temporal prediction error functions on von-Karman turbulence when a zonal representation of wave-fronts is assumed. Linear prediction models analysed include auto-regressive of order up to three, bilinear interpolation functions and a minimum mean square error predictor. This is an extension of the authors' previously published work (see ref. 2) in which the efficacy of various temporal prediction models was established. Here we examine the tolerance of these algorithms to specific forms of model errors, thus defining the expected change in behaviour of the previous results under less ideal conditions. Results show that +/- 100pc wind-speed error and +/- 50 deg are tolerable before the best linear predictor delivers poorer performance than the no-prediction case.

Dynamic modelling is one of the cornerstones of systems biology. Many research efforts are currently being invested in the development and exploitation of large-scale kinetic models. The associated problems of parameter estimation (model calibration) and optimal experimental design are particularly challenging. The community has already developed many methods and software packages which aim to facilitate these tasks. However, there is a lack of suitable benchmark problems which allow a fair and systematic evaluation and comparison of these contributions. Here we present BioPreDyn-bench, a set of challenging parameter estimation problems which aspire to serve as reference test cases in this area. This set comprises six problems including medium and large-scale kinetic models of the bacterium E. coli, baker's yeast S. cerevisiae, the vinegar fly D. melanogaster, Chinese Hamster Ovary cells, and a generic signal transduction network. The level of description includes metabolism, transcription, signal transduction, and development. For each problem we provide (i) a basic description and formulation, (ii) implementations ready-to-run in several formats, (iii) computational results obtained with specific solvers, (iv) a basic analysis and interpretation. This suite of benchmark problems can be readily used to evaluate and compare parameter estimation methods. Further, it can also be used to build test problems for sensitivity and identifiability analysis, model reduction and optimal experimental design methods. The suite, including codes and documentation, can be freely downloaded from http://www.iim.csic.es/%7egingproc/biopredynbench/.

Manned space operations require that the many automated subsystems of a space platform be controllable by a limited number of personnel. To minimize the interaction required of these operators, artificial intelligence techniques may be applied to embed a human performance model within the automated, or semi-automated, systems, thereby allowing the derivation of operator intent. A similar application has previously been proposed in the domain of fighter piloting, where the demand for pilot intent derivation is primarily a function of limited time and high workload rather than limited operators. The derivation and propagation of pilot intent is presented as it might be applied to some programs.

A literature review of the use of sensitivity analyses in modelling nonlinear, ill-defined systems, such as ecological interactions is presented. Discussions of previous work, and a proposed scheme for generalized sensitivity analysis applicable to ill-defined systems are included. This scheme considers classes of mathematical models, problem-defining behavior, analysis procedures (especially the use of Monte-Carlo methods), sensitivity ranking of parameters, and extension to control system design.

Marciniak-Czochra

Book Source: Digital Library of India Item 2015.194549 dc.contributor.author: Rajiv Sharma dc.date.accessioned: 2015-07-08T04:40:16Z dc.date.available: 2015-07-08T04:40:16Z dc.date.digitalpublicationdate: 0008-09-05 dc.identifier.barcode: 1990010086839 dc.identifier.origpath: /rawdataupload/upload/0086/839 dc.identifier.copyno: 1 dc.identifier.uri: http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/194549 dc.description.scanningcentre: IIIT, Allahabad dc.description.main: 1 dc.description.tagged: 0 dc.description.totalpages: 190 dc.format.mimetype: application/pdf dc.language.iso: English dc.publisher.digitalrepublisher: Digital Library Of India dc.publisher: I I T Kanpur dc.rights: Out_of_copyright dc.source.library: I I T Kanpur dc.subject.classification: Technology dc.subject.classification: Depart Of Mathmatics dc.title: Mathematical Modelling Of Physiological Fluid Systems

SAINT is a FORTRAN based, network-oriented, combined simulation language for modeling large, complex systems with continuous and discrete event components that interact and possess time varying properties. The acronym stands for Systems Analysis of Integrated Networks of Tasks. The paper presents an overview of the basic features and concepts incorporated into SAINT and reviews some of the applications made to date. References are provided to the reports documenting SAINT and its applications. (Author)

The Lecture Series will review modelling and prediction topics which have been presented at a number of meetings of the AGARD Electromagnetic Wave Propagation Panel in the last few years. Modelling and Prediction Schemes of the aerospace radio and optical propagation environment based on media characterization have become essential to meet requirements of operational accuracies in communication, navigation, and surveillance in military and civilian systems. The lectures include the following topics: general modelling and prediction schemes; aerospace (atmosphere, ionosphere, and the space environment) media-characterization; short-and-long-term prediction techniques across the RF and optical spectrum and agreement with observational data; detection and communications through scattering channels; adaptability of prediction techniques to radio and optical communication, navigation and surveillance systems operating in the aerospace environment; and effects of geophysical disturbances on the state of the media andtheir predictability. The material in this publication was assembled in support of a Lecture Series under the sponsorship of the Electromagnetic Wave Propagation Panel and the Consultant and Exchange Programme of AGARD. (Author)

This research demonstrated an innovated approach of modelling high voltage underground cable for analysis in frequency domain presented. The approximation cable model method was found useful in determining the resonant frequencies in the case of an offshore power generation plant 

A generalized Landauer formula, derived with the methods due to Keldysh, and Baym and Kadanoff, is gaining widespread use in the modeling of transport in a large number of different mesoscopic systems. We review some of the recent developments, including transport in semiconductor superlattices, calculation of noise, and nanoelectromechanical systems.

This research aimed to evaluate the performance of the A Lite BERT (ALBERT), efficiently learning an encoder that classifies token replacements accurately (ELECTRA) and a robust optimized BERT pretraining approach (RoBERTa) models to support the development of the Indonesian language question and answer system model. The evaluation carried out used Indonesian, Malay and Esperanto. Here, Esperanto was used as a comparison of Indonesian because it is international, which does not belong to any person or country and this then make it neutral. Compared to other foreign languages, the structure and construction of Esperanto is relatively simple. The dataset used was the result of crawling Wikipedia for Indonesian and Open Super-large Crawled ALMAnaCH coRpus (OSCAR) for Esperanto. The size of the token dictionary used in the test used approximately 30,000 sub tokens in both the SentencePiece and byte-level byte pair encoding methods (ByteLevelBPE). The test was carried out with the learning rates of 1e-5 and 5e-5 for both languages in accordance with the reference from the bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) paper. As shown in the final result of this study, the ALBERT and RoBERTa models in Esperanto showed the results of the loss calculation that were not much different. This showed that the RoBERTa model was better to implement an Indonesian question and answer system.

The report is concerned with the design of large-scale management information systems (MIS). A special design methodology was created, along with a design model to complement it. The purpose of the paper is to present the model.

The report is concerned with the design of large-scale management information systems (MIS). A special design methodology was created, along with a design model to complement it. The purpose of the paper is to present the model.

The inherent complexity of C3I systems makes them difficult to understand. One way of overcoming this complexity is through the use of effective and efficient C3I systems descriptions. The C3I systems characterisation research outlined in this report is concerned with ways of defining C3I systems, and systems of systems, in terms of their elements and relationships. These elements, and relationships, form the basis for a C3I Systems Characterisation Model that reflects the different viewpoints, and information needs, of those involved with C3I systems. The research also makes use of visualisation, which is an important description technique, and recognises the importance of effective, and efficient, descriptions in helping Defence to improve its use, and management, of C3I systems information. This report provides an overview of the preliminary activities associated with the C3I systems characterisation research conducted as part of the "Characterisation of C3I for Takari" task (DAO 97/079). It provides supporting information and a motivation for new research directions into C3I systems characterisation.

Available from National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Va

This open access book coherently gathers well-founded information on the fundamentals of and formalisms for modelling cyber-physical systems (CPS). Highlighting the cross-disciplinary nature of CPS modelling, it also serves as a bridge for anyone entering CPS from related areas of computer science or engineering. Truly complex, engineered systems—known as cyber-physical systems—that integrate physical, software, and network aspects are now on the rise. However, there is no unifying theory nor systematic design methods, techniques or tools for these systems. Individual (mechanical, electrical, network or software) engineering disciplines only offer partial solutions. A technique known as Multi-Paradigm Modelling has recently emerged suggesting to model every part and aspect of a system explicitly, at the most appropriate level(s) of abstraction, using the most appropriate modelling formalism(s), and then weaving the results together to form a representation of the system. If properly applied, it enables, among other global aspects, performance analysis, exhaustive simulation, and verification. This book is the first systematic attempt to bring together these formalisms for anyone starting in the field of CPS who seeks solid modelling foundations and a comprehensive introduction to the distinct existing techniques that are multi-paradigmatic. Though chiefly intended for master and post-graduate level students in computer science and engineering, it can also be used as a reference text for practitioners.

21 p. 28 cm

This article is from International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health , volume 9 . Abstract In the event of a large-scale chemical release in the UK decontamination of ambulant casualties would be undertaken by the Fire and Rescue Service (FRS). The aim of this study was to track the movement of volunteer casualties at two mass decontamination field exercises using passive Radio Frequency Identification tags and detection mats that were placed at pre-defined locations. The exercise data were then used to inform a computer model of the FRS component of the mass decontamination process. Having removed all clothing and having showered, the re-dressing (termed re-robing) of casualties was found to be a bottleneck in the mass decontamination process during both exercises. Computer simulations showed that increasing the capacity of each lane of the re-robe section to accommodate 10 rather than five casualties would be optimal in general, but that a capacity of 15 might be required to accommodate vulnerable individuals. If the duration of the shower was decreased from three minutes to one minute then a per lane re-robe capacity of 20 might be necessary to maximise the throughput of casualties. In conclusion, one practical enhancement to the FRS response may be to provide at least one additional re-robe section per mass decontamination unit.

This article is from International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health , volume 9 . Abstract In the event of a large-scale chemical release in the UK decontamination of ambulant casualties would be undertaken by the Fire and Rescue Service (FRS). The aim of this study was to track the movement of volunteer casualties at two mass decontamination field exercises using passive Radio Frequency Identification tags and detection mats that were placed at pre-defined locations. The exercise data were then used to inform a computer model of the FRS component of the mass decontamination process. Having removed all clothing and having showered, the re-dressing (termed re-robing) of casualties was found to be a bottleneck in the mass decontamination process during both exercises. Computer simulations showed that increasing the capacity of each lane of the re-robe section to accommodate 10 rather than five casualties would be optimal in general, but that a capacity of 15 might be required to accommodate vulnerable individuals. If the duration of the shower was decreased from three minutes to one minute then a per lane re-robe capacity of 20 might be necessary to maximise the throughput of casualties. In conclusion, one practical enhancement to the FRS response may be to provide at least one additional re-robe section per mass decontamination unit.

This article is from International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health , volume 9 . Abstract In the event of a large-scale chemical release in the UK decontamination of ambulant casualties would be undertaken by the Fire and Rescue Service (FRS). The aim of this study was to track the movement of volunteer casualties at two mass decontamination field exercises using passive Radio Frequency Identification tags and detection mats that were placed at pre-defined locations. The exercise data were then used to inform a computer model of the FRS component of the mass decontamination process. Having removed all clothing and having showered, the re-dressing (termed re-robing) of casualties was found to be a bottleneck in the mass decontamination process during both exercises. Computer simulations showed that increasing the capacity of each lane of the re-robe section to accommodate 10 rather than five casualties would be optimal in general, but that a capacity of 15 might be required to accommodate vulnerable individuals. If the duration of the shower was decreased from three minutes to one minute then a per lane re-robe capacity of 20 might be necessary to maximise the throughput of casualties. In conclusion, one practical enhancement to the FRS response may be to provide at least one additional re-robe section per mass decontamination unit.

This article is from International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health , volume 9 . Abstract In the event of a large-scale chemical release in the UK decontamination of ambulant casualties would be undertaken by the Fire and Rescue Service (FRS). The aim of this study was to track the movement of volunteer casualties at two mass decontamination field exercises using passive Radio Frequency Identification tags and detection mats that were placed at pre-defined locations. The exercise data were then used to inform a computer model of the FRS component of the mass decontamination process. Having removed all clothing and having showered, the re-dressing (termed re-robing) of casualties was found to be a bottleneck in the mass decontamination process during both exercises. Computer simulations showed that increasing the capacity of each lane of the re-robe section to accommodate 10 rather than five casualties would be optimal in general, but that a capacity of 15 might be required to accommodate vulnerable individuals. If the duration of the shower was decreased from three minutes to one minute then a per lane re-robe capacity of 20 might be necessary to maximise the throughput of casualties. In conclusion, one practical enhancement to the FRS response may be to provide at least one additional re-robe section per mass decontamination unit.

We develop a general theory dealing with stochastic models for dynamical systems that are governed by various nonlinear, ordinary or partial differential, equations. In particular, we address the problem how flows in the random medium (related to driving velocity fields which are generically bound to obey suitable local conservation laws) can be reconciled with the notion of dispersion due to a Markovian diffusion process.

A generalized multibaker map with periodic boundary conditions is shown to model boundary-driven transport, when the driving is applied by a ``perturbation'' of the dynamics localised in a macroscopically small region. In this case there are sustained density gradients in the steady state. A non-uniform stationary temperature profile can be maintained by incorporating a heat source into the dynamics, which deviates from the one of a bulk system only in a (macroscopically small) localized region such that a heat (or entropy) flux can enter an attached thermostat only in that region. For these settings the relation between the average phase-space contraction, the entropy flux to the thermostat and irreversible entropy production is clarified for stationary and non-stationary states. In addition, thermoelectric cross-effects are described by a multibaker chain consisting of two parts with different transport properties, modelling a junction between two metals.

Estimation of the distribution function f and potential Phi of hot stellar systems from kinematical data is discussed. When the functional forms of f and Phi are not specified a priori, accurate estimation of either function requires very high quality data: either accurate ``line profiles'' at radii extending well beyond an effective radius, or large samples of discrete radial velocities. Estimates of Phi(r) based on much smaller data sets can be very strongly influenced by assumptions, explicit or implicit, about the form of f. The importance of casting the estimation problem into a mathematically determined form is stressed. Some techniques for nonparametric estimation are presented, with some preliminary results of their application to real stellar systems.

We present a numerical method to estimate the lensing parameters and the Hubble constant H_0 from quadruply imaged gravitational lens systems. The lens galaxy is modeled using both separable deflection potentials and constant mass-to-light ratio profiles, while possible external perturbations have been taken into account introducing an external shear. The model parameters are recovered inverting the lens and the time delay ratio equations and imposing a set of physically motivated selection criteria. We investigate correlations among the model parameters and the Hubble constant. Finally, we apply the codes to the real lensed quasars PG 1115+080 and RX J0911+0551, and combine the results from these two systems to get H_0 = 56 +/- 23 km/(s Mpc). In addition, we are able to fit to the single systems a general elliptical potential with a non fixed angular part, and then we model the two lens systems with the same potential and a shared H_0: in this last case we estimate H_0=49_(-11)^(+6) km/(s Mpc).

We present a numerical method to estimate the lensing parameters and the Hubble constant H_0 from quadruply imaged gravitational lens systems. The lens galaxy is modeled using both separable deflection potentials and constant mass-to-light ratio profiles, while possible external perturbations have been taken into account introducing an external shear. The model parameters are recovered inverting the lens and the time delay ratio equations and imposing a set of physically motivated selection criteria. We investigate correlations among the model parameters and the Hubble constant. Finally, we apply the codes to the real lensed quasars PG 1115+080 and RX J0911+0551, and combine the results from these two systems to get H_0 = 56 +/- 23 km/(s Mpc). In addition, we are able to fit to the single systems a general elliptical potential with a non fixed angular part, and then we model the two lens systems with the same potential and a shared H_0: in this last case we estimate H_0=49_(-11)^(+6) km/(s Mpc).

We present a numerical method to estimate the lensing parameters and the Hubble constant H_0 from quadruply imaged gravitational lens systems. The lens galaxy is modeled using both separable deflection potentials and constant mass-to-light ratio profiles, while possible external perturbations have been taken into account introducing an external shear. The model parameters are recovered inverting the lens and the time delay ratio equations and imposing a set of physically motivated selection criteria. We investigate correlations among the model parameters and the Hubble constant. Finally, we apply the codes to the real lensed quasars PG 1115+080 and RX J0911+0551, and combine the results from these two systems to get H_0 = 56 +/- 23 km/(s Mpc). In addition, we are able to fit to the single systems a general elliptical potential with a non fixed angular part, and then we model the two lens systems with the same potential and a shared H_0: in this last case we estimate H_0=49_(-11)^(+6) km/(s Mpc).

Title from cover

Title from cover

Title from cover

This article is from PLoS Computational Biology , volume 10 . Abstract Reinforcement Learning has greatly influenced models of conditioning, providing powerful explanations of acquired behaviour and underlying physiological observations. However, in recent autoshaping experiments in rats, variation in the form of Pavlovian conditioned responses (CRs) and associated dopamine activity, have questioned the classical hypothesis that phasic dopamine activity corresponds to a reward prediction error-like signal arising from a classical Model-Free system, necessary for Pavlovian conditioning. Over the course of Pavlovian conditioning using food as the unconditioned stimulus (US), some rats (sign-trackers) come to approach and engage the conditioned stimulus (CS) itself – a lever – more and more avidly, whereas other rats (goal-trackers) learn to approach the location of food delivery upon CS presentation. Importantly, although both sign-trackers and goal-trackers learn the CS-US association equally well, only in sign-trackers does phasic dopamine activity show classical reward prediction error-like bursts. Furthermore, neither the acquisition nor the expression of a goal-tracking CR is dopamine-dependent. Here we present a computational model that can account for such individual variations. We show that a combination of a Model-Based system and a revised Model-Free system can account for the development of distinct CRs in rats. Moreover, we show that revising a classical Model-Free system to individually process stimuli by using factored representations can explain why classical dopaminergic patterns may be observed for some rats and not for others depending on the CR they develop. In addition, the model can account for other behavioural and pharmacological results obtained using the same, or similar, autoshaping procedures. Finally, the model makes it possible to draw a set of experimental predictions that may be verified in a modified experimental protocol. We suggest that further investigation of factored representations in computational neuroscience studies may be useful.

Automated speech recognizers (ASR) are now more often found as components inside other applications than as a stand alone application for transcribing speech word-for-word into text. Statistical pattern recognition techniques allow us to acquire a better task-specific evaluation measure for embedded applications than word error rates (WER), which are used for transcription. Our approach considered two applications of ASR: a decision support software system for meetings, in which a summary of a meeting is audited to record all of the decisions that were taken during the meeting, and a specific entity identification task, in which an intelligence analyst identifies triples of who, where and when for each event described in transcribed broadcast news. Both of these resemble typical activities of intelligence analysts in OSINT processing and production applications. We assessed two task evaluation measures. The first fixes the input, and learns to predict human subject performance as the transcript for the input varies in accuracy. This measure is well-suited to developers of ASR systems who wish to measure the effects of modifications they make to their software during development. The second measure does not hold the input fixed, and does not require new human-subject data to be collected for new input.

Automated speech recognizers (ASR) are now more often found as components inside other applications than as a stand alone application for transcribing speech word-for-word into text. Statistical pattern recognition techniques allow us to acquire a better task-specific evaluation measure for embedded applications than word error rates (WER), which are used for transcription. Our approach considered two applications of ASR: a decision support software system for meetings, in which a summary of a meeting is audited to record all of the decisions that were taken during the meeting, and a specific entity identification task, in which an intelligence analyst identifies triples of who, where and when for each event described in transcribed broadcast news. Both of these resemble typical activities of intelligence analysts in OSINT processing and production applications. We assessed two task evaluation measures. The first fixes the input, and learns to predict human subject performance as the transcript for the input varies in accuracy. This measure is well-suited to developers of ASR systems who wish to measure the effects of modifications they make to their software during development. The second measure does not hold the input fixed, and does not require new human-subject data to be collected for new input.

Health psychology theories are needed to improve capacities to predict, explain, and influence phenomena of interest. Scientific progress is hampered by the ‘theory crisis’, whereby most of our available health psychology theories exist as under-specified box-and-arrow diagrams and imprecise natural language descriptions of the inter-relationships between phenomena of interest. At the same time, a growing body of evidence made possible by recent technological advances highlights that many health-related behaviours display characteristics of dynamical systems (e.g., they fluctuate non-linearly within individuals over time and across contexts). Health psychologists have begun to recognise that we, as a field, must become better able to theorise about dynamical systems if we want to make progress on the most pressing issues of our times (e.g., addiction, obesity, mental health, and climate change). ‘Formal modelling’ (i.e., the mathematical or logical formalisation of a theory’s structure) in combination with a dynamical systems lens has the potential to narrow the gap between emerging empirical evidence and current health psychology theories, and simultaneously equip researchers and decision-makers with tools that can help us tackle the biggest challenges facing our societies today. This will be a scoping review of the extent and nature of research activities pertaining to the use of formal, dynamical systems modelling of health behaviours (e.g., tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, hand hygiene). We aim to synthesise existing methodological steps to provide a set of ‘best practice’ recommendations for researchers who intend to use formal, dynamical systems modelling in future work. We will follow the scoping review guidelines developed by Arksey and O'Malley, starting with the identification and selection of relevant studies, followed by the charting of the data, and the collating, summarising, and reporting of the results.

In this paper there are presented our results concerning the modelling and simulation diffusion of the boron, phosphorus, antimony, arsenic as doping impurities in silicon and polysilicon layers and gold diffusion as a recombination centre in silicon and its influence on the forward characteristic of the p-n junction, as well as some related phenomena like the generation of the misfit dislocations induced by the doping impurities and the gettering process of metallic impurities, with application in the microfabrication technologies. The results on the boron diffusion were used in the simulation of the selflimited etching process of silicon boron doped layers for the bulk micromachining fabrication and the powerful methods as XTEM and SIMS were used for the characterizations of the polysilicon layers, allowing to propose a doping – restructuring mechanism of polysilicon during the phosphorus diffusion in the surface micromachining technology for the thin membrane achievement. 

In this paper there are presented our results concerning the modelling and simulation diffusion of the boron, phosphorus, antimony, arsenic as doping impurities in silicon and polysilicon layers and gold diffusion as a recombination centre in silicon and its influence on the forward characteristic of the p-n junction, as well as some related phenomena like the generation of the misfit dislocations induced by the doping impurities and the gettering process of metallic impurities, with application in the microfabrication technologies. The results on the boron diffusion were used in the simulation of the selflimited etching process of silicon boron doped layers for the bulk micromachining fabrication and the powerful methods as XTEM and SIMS were used for the characterizations of the polysilicon layers, allowing to propose a doping – restructuring mechanism of polysilicon during the phosphorus diffusion in the surface micromachining technology for the thin membrane achievement. 

In this paper there are presented our results concerning the modelling and simulation diffusion of the boron, phosphorus, antimony, arsenic as doping impurities in silicon and polysilicon layers and gold diffusion as a recombination centre in silicon and its influence on the forward characteristic of the p-n junction, as well as some related phenomena like the generation of the misfit dislocations induced by the doping impurities and the gettering process of metallic impurities, with application in the microfabrication technologies. The results on the boron diffusion were used in the simulation of the selflimited etching process of silicon boron doped layers for the bulk micromachining fabrication and the powerful methods as XTEM and SIMS were used for the characterizations of the polysilicon layers, allowing to propose a doping – restructuring mechanism of polysilicon during the phosphorus diffusion in the surface micromachining technology for the thin membrane achievement. 

In this paper there are presented our results concerning the modelling and simulation diffusion of the boron, phosphorus, antimony, arsenic as doping impurities in silicon and polysilicon layers and gold diffusion as a recombination centre in silicon and its influence on the forward characteristic of the p-n junction, as well as some related phenomena like the generation of the misfit dislocations induced by the doping impurities and the gettering process of metallic impurities, with application in the microfabrication technologies. The results on the boron diffusion were used in the simulation of the selflimited etching process of silicon boron doped layers for the bulk micromachining fabrication and the powerful methods as XTEM and SIMS were used for the characterizations of the polysilicon layers, allowing to propose a doping – restructuring mechanism of polysilicon during the phosphorus diffusion in the surface micromachining technology for the thin membrane achievement. 

Space and movement through space play an important role in many collective adaptive systems (CAS). CAS consist of multiple components interacting to achieve some goal in a system or environment that can change over time. When these components operate in space, then their behaviour can be affected by where they are located in that space. Examples include the possibility of communication between two components located at different points, and rates of movement of a component that may be affected by location. The CARMA language and its associated software tools can be used to model such systems. In particular, a graphical editor for CARMA allows for the specification of spatial structure and generation of templates that can be used in a CARMA model with space. We demonstrate the use of this tool to experiment with a model of pedestrian movement over a network of paths.

Space and movement through space play an important role in many collective adaptive systems (CAS). CAS consist of multiple components interacting to achieve some goal in a system or environment that can change over time. When these components operate in space, then their behaviour can be affected by where they are located in that space. Examples include the possibility of communication between two components located at different points, and rates of movement of a component that may be affected by location. The CARMA language and its associated software tools can be used to model such systems. In particular, a graphical editor for CARMA allows for the specification of spatial structure and generation of templates that can be used in a CARMA model with space. We demonstrate the use of this tool to experiment with a model of pedestrian movement over a network of paths.

Space and movement through space play an important role in many collective adaptive systems (CAS). CAS consist of multiple components interacting to achieve some goal in a system or environment that can change over time. When these components operate in space, then their behaviour can be affected by where they are located in that space. Examples include the possibility of communication between two components located at different points, and rates of movement of a component that may be affected by location. The CARMA language and its associated software tools can be used to model such systems. In particular, a graphical editor for CARMA allows for the specification of spatial structure and generation of templates that can be used in a CARMA model with space. We demonstrate the use of this tool to experiment with a model of pedestrian movement over a network of paths.

Book Source: Digital Library of India Item 2015.194219 dc.contributor.author: A. R. Raddy dc.date.accessioned: 2015-07-08T04:08:56Z dc.date.available: 2015-07-08T04:08:56Z dc.date.digitalpublicationdate: 0000-00-00 dc.identifier.barcode: 1990010092472 dc.identifier.origpath: /rawdataupload/upload/0092/472 dc.identifier.copyno: 1 dc.identifier.uri: http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/194219 dc.description.scanningcentre: IIIT, Allahabad dc.description.main: 1 dc.description.tagged: 0 dc.description.totalpages: 81 dc.format.mimetype: application/pdf dc.language.iso: English dc.rights: Out_of_copyright dc.source.library: I I T Kanpur dc.subject.classification: Engineering dc.subject.classification: Engineering. Technology In General dc.subject.classification: Civill Engineering dc.title: Traffic Simulatio Modelling For Highway Systems

This paper describes a UK MOD funded research project that aims to identify mathematical models for the dynamic behaviour of backpack suspensions. A test-rig is described which can be used to collect the dynamic data required, and the processing of the data is briefly discussed. The resulting pack suspension models can be combined with a human locomotion model, and used to study the effects of design changes that alter pack dynamics.

Mainstream visual psychology presents a sense then infer' account of vision that is analogous to the sense then infer' processing that characterises the agent intention recognition literature. From ecological psychology comes Gibson's theory of visual perception that highlights the importance of the environment in explaining the nature of vision and recognition and claims that higher order structures are directly accessible. This theory can be used as the stepping-off point for an account of intention recognition and the means by which it might be modelled. Furthermore, the capacity for virtual environments to be designed agent friendly' provides yet another dimension of design freedom. When accompanied by an explicit model of perception the intention recognition problem can be cast as a software design problem. The resulting design patterns provide useful options for modeling intention recognition in intelligent agent systems.

Effects-based operations (EBO) has become an increasingly important doctrinal concept used in the prosecution of war, most especially against terrorist organizations and the rogue states which support them. As a philosophy, EBO reaches beyond the realm of the propagation of simple physical effects. EBO encompasses the full spectrum of military activities, including psychological operations (PSYOPS). While a number of different accounts of EBO have been documented (Warden 1995, Barlow 1994), alarmingly little work has been conducted concerning the application of effects-based operations to organizations of human entities. Herein, we present a formal model of nth-order cascading belief revision in the style of Warden's model. The considered approach is motivated by the theory of dynamic systems, and is able to be generalized through the manipulation of beliefs via information-theoretic (Shannon & Weaver 1949) metrics. We shall conclude with a simple example, and some future directions for research in this area.