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Globaly imaging for lower back pain has increased over the last decades, especially the use of MRI. This trend is true for Sweden as well. A previous study by Wnuk et. al. found that 13% percent of outpatient MRI´s of the lower back had actionable findings. With a rather high rate of false positive findings. The rate of actionable findings in a Swedish context is unkown thus we intend to replicate the study done by Wnuk et al. but in a Swedish setting. Methods This study is a retrospective cohort study of lumbar spine MR imaging. The study is descriptive in nature. Simple descriptive statistics will be used to summarize data. Two reviewers will independently go through radiological reports and patient journals manually to note findings and whether they led to a change of treatment or new diagnoses. In the case of disagreement a third senior reviewer will be used to settle the case. Independent manual assessment will be used instead of automatic text search engine in order to mitigate risk of over or under-assessing any of the study endpoints. The outcomes of the study are "actionable exams", "potentially harmful findings" and appropiateness as descriped below. Actionable exams: Examinations will be classified as either “actionable,” or “non-actionable” using the definitions created by Wnuk et. al. An examination could satisfy more than one set of criteria but would contribute only once to the overall total of actionable examinations. An actionable examination is one which either: 1. Contributes to planning of an anatomically specific treatment; 2. Contributes to a new diagnosis of fracture, cancer or infection; 3. Is performed to follow known lumbar spine pathology (other than degenerative conditions). Examinations that do not meet any of the three criteria are classified as non-actionable. Anatomically specific treatment: An examination is classified as actionable if a spine procedure occurred within 12 months following the examination, without an intervening lumbar spine MRI, for which the anatomical imaging information might be used in planning. Procedures considered included laminectomy, foraminotomy, resection, drainage, decompression, discectomy, vertebral fusion, vertebroplasty and radiation therapy performed at spinal levels from T12 through S1, inclusive. Furthermore we will also note less invasive treatments (nerve root block, facet joint injection,) and of more doubtful efficacy. They will be presented in aggregate and separate. Contribution to a new diagnosis: New diagnoses of cancer, infection, acute fracture of the spine or other clinically significant disease requiring treatment. For all positive reports, clinical notes will be examined up to one year following the examination. A finding will be considered a “true positive” if confirmed by subsequent imaging, blood tests or biopsy, or if treatment was initiated based on the imaging findings. Treatment might include surgery, chemotherapy or radiation therapy for cancer, and treatment with antibiotics or drainage for infection. A finding will also considered a true positive if accepted as real by the clinician as indicated in the clinical chart. False positives (see below) were considered as harmful. Following a known condition: Examinations are classified as actionable if they are used to follow known condition (other than degenerative disease). Potentially harmful: When the suggestion of cancer or infection raised in the report is not substantiated by subsequent events the finding was considered a “false positive,” and the examination is classified as potentially harmful since it may lead to further evaluations, incorrect treatment and/or patient anxiety. Appropriateness: While not formally used in our setting we asses this in a smaller random sample in order to benchmark our referrals to the findings in the previous study by Wnuk et al. Appropriateness scores, based on ACR criteria, from 1-9 will be assessed based on information given in the referrals. Study population: Outpatient adult lumbar spine MRI performed in Skane county between 20220101 and 20230101. Imaging protocols vary to some extent but generally include sagittal T1 and T2 weighted images covering the lower thoracic spine through the sacrum. Usually there is also a coronal T2 TIRM sequence covering the whole abdomen and pelvis. Exams were performed on either 1.5 or 3.0 Tesla and interpreted by radiologists of varying training and subspecialty, some by musculoskeletal radiologists or neuroradiologists. Exams were read at non-academic institutions. Demographic information, indications for the study, and appropriateness scores will be obtained from the radiology information system(PACS). Examinations will be excluded if they were incomplete or if the patient is younger than 18 years of age.

Globaly imaging for lower back pain has increased over the last decades, especially the use of MRI. This trend is true for Sweden as well. A previous study by Wnuk et. al. found that 13% percent of outpatient MRI´s of the lower back had actionable findings. With a rather high rate of false positive findings. The rate of actionable findings in a Swedish context is unkown thus we intend to replicate the study done by Wnuk et al. but in a Swedish setting. Methods This study is a retrospective cohort study of lumbar spine MR imaging. The study is descriptive in nature. Simple descriptive statistics will be used to summarize data. Two reviewers will independently go through radiological reports and patient journals manually to note findings and whether they led to a change of treatment or new diagnoses. In the case of disagreement a third senior reviewer will be used to settle the case. Independent manual assessment will be used instead of automatic text search engine in order to mitigate risk of over or under-assessing any of the study endpoints. The outcomes of the study are "actionable exams", "potentially harmful findings" and appropiateness as descriped below. Actionable exams: Examinations will be classified as either “actionable,” or “non-actionable” using the definitions created by Wnuk et. al. An examination could satisfy more than one set of criteria but would contribute only once to the overall total of actionable examinations. An actionable examination is one which either: 1. Contributes to planning of an anatomically specific treatment; 2. Contributes to a new diagnosis of fracture, cancer or infection; 3. Is performed to follow known lumbar spine pathology (other than degenerative conditions). Examinations that do not meet any of the three criteria are classified as non-actionable. Anatomically specific treatment: An examination is classified as actionable if a spine procedure occurred within 12 months following the examination, without an intervening lumbar spine MRI, for which the anatomical imaging information might be used in planning. Procedures considered included laminectomy, foraminotomy, resection, drainage, decompression, discectomy, vertebral fusion, vertebroplasty and radiation therapy performed at spinal levels from T12 through S1, inclusive. Furthermore we will also note less invasive treatments (nerve root block, facet joint injection,) and of more doubtful efficacy. They will be presented in aggregate and separate. Contribution to a new diagnosis: New diagnoses of cancer, infection, acute fracture of the spine or other clinically significant disease requiring treatment. For all positive reports, clinical notes will be examined up to one year following the examination. A finding will be considered a “true positive” if confirmed by subsequent imaging, blood tests or biopsy, or if treatment was initiated based on the imaging findings. Treatment might include surgery, chemotherapy or radiation therapy for cancer, and treatment with antibiotics or drainage for infection. A finding will also considered a true positive if accepted as real by the clinician as indicated in the clinical chart. False positives (see below) were considered as harmful. Following a known condition: Examinations are classified as actionable if they are used to follow known condition (other than degenerative disease). Potentially harmful: When the suggestion of cancer or infection raised in the report is not substantiated by subsequent events the finding was considered a “false positive,” and the examination is classified as potentially harmful since it may lead to further evaluations, incorrect treatment and/or patient anxiety. Appropriateness: While not formally used in our setting we asses this in a smaller random sample in order to benchmark our referrals to the findings in the previous study by Wnuk et al. Appropriateness scores, based on ACR criteria, from 1-9 will be assessed based on information given in the referrals. Study population: Outpatient adult lumbar spine MRI performed in Skane county between 20220101 and 20230101. Imaging protocols vary to some extent but generally include sagittal T1 and T2 weighted images covering the lower thoracic spine through the sacrum. Usually there is also a coronal T2 TIRM sequence covering the whole abdomen and pelvis. Exams were performed on either 1.5 or 3.0 Tesla and interpreted by radiologists of varying training and subspecialty, some by musculoskeletal radiologists or neuroradiologists. Exams were read at non-academic institutions. Demographic information, indications for the study, and appropriateness scores will be obtained from the radiology information system(PACS). Examinations will be excluded if they were incomplete or if the patient is younger than 18 years of age.

Introduction.  Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the main methods of radiation diagnostics, which allow to objectively assess the local prevalence of malignant tumors of the organ of hearing and decide on the possibility of surgical intervention. The purpose of the study  was to determine the main indications for surgical intervention, taking into account radiological criteria for lesions of the temporal bone (CT, MRI) in locally advanced skin cancer of the outer ear. Materials and methods. The present study is based on a retro- and prospective analysis of data from a comprehensive examination and treatment of 45 patients with locally advanced skin cancer of the external ear treated from 2021 to 2023. Results.  The prevalence of the tumor process in skin cancer of the external auditory canal in accordance with the staging system for tumor lesions of the structures of the temporal bone, developed in 1990 ( University of Pittsburgh ), taking into account CT and MRI signs of damage to the temporal bone and adjacent anatomical structures, a factor that significantly affects long-term results of treatment (for recurrence- free survival - risk ratio (RR) 4.76, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1, RR 4.25, 96% CI 1.74-10.4, p = 0.0017 for tumor-specific survival, RR 1.90, 94 % CI 1.07-3.58, p = 0.03). Conclusion. CT and MRI are mandatory methods of radiation diagnosis in patients with skin cancer of the external auditory canal.

Book Source: Digital Library of India Item 2015.192789 dc.contributor.author: Anil Kumar dc.date.accessioned: 2015-07-08T01:38:21Z dc.date.available: 2015-07-08T01:38:21Z dc.date.digitalpublicationdate: 2005-08-20 dc.identifier.barcode: 1990010091182 dc.identifier.origpath: /rawdataupload/upload/0091/182 dc.identifier.copyno: 1 dc.identifier.uri: http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/192789 dc.description.scannerno: 14 dc.description.scanningcentre: IIIT, Allahabad dc.description.main: 1 dc.description.tagged: 0 dc.description.totalpages: 210 dc.format.mimetype: application/pdf dc.language.iso: English dc.publisher: Indian Institute Of Technology Kanpur dc.rights: Out_of_copyright dc.source.library: Indian Institute Of Technology Kanpur dc.subject.classification: Technology dc.subject.classification: Engineering. Technology In General dc.subject.classification: Mechanical Engineering In General. Nuclear Technology. Electrical Engineering. Machinery dc.title: Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation In Coupled Spin System By Double Resonance

Book Source: Digital Library of India Item 2015.192789 dc.contributor.author: Anil Kumar dc.date.accessioned: 2015-07-08T01:38:21Z dc.date.available: 2015-07-08T01:38:21Z dc.date.digitalpublicationdate: 2005-08-20 dc.identifier.barcode: 1990010091182 dc.identifier.origpath: /rawdataupload/upload/0091/182 dc.identifier.copyno: 1 dc.identifier.uri: http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/192789 dc.description.scannerno: 14 dc.description.scanningcentre: IIIT, Allahabad dc.description.main: 1 dc.description.tagged: 0 dc.description.totalpages: 210 dc.format.mimetype: application/pdf dc.language.iso: English dc.publisher: Indian Institute Of Technology Kanpur dc.rights: Out_of_copyright dc.source.library: Indian Institute Of Technology Kanpur dc.subject.classification: Technology dc.subject.classification: Engineering. Technology In General dc.subject.classification: Mechanical Engineering In General. Nuclear Technology. Electrical Engineering. Machinery dc.title: Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation In Coupled Spin System By Double Resonance

Book Source: Digital Library of India Item 2015.192789 dc.contributor.author: Anil Kumar dc.date.accessioned: 2015-07-08T01:38:21Z dc.date.available: 2015-07-08T01:38:21Z dc.date.digitalpublicationdate: 2005-08-20 dc.identifier.barcode: 1990010091182 dc.identifier.origpath: /rawdataupload/upload/0091/182 dc.identifier.copyno: 1 dc.identifier.uri: http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/192789 dc.description.scannerno: 14 dc.description.scanningcentre: IIIT, Allahabad dc.description.main: 1 dc.description.tagged: 0 dc.description.totalpages: 210 dc.format.mimetype: application/pdf dc.language.iso: English dc.publisher: Indian Institute Of Technology Kanpur dc.rights: Out_of_copyright dc.source.library: Indian Institute Of Technology Kanpur dc.subject.classification: Technology dc.subject.classification: Engineering. Technology In General dc.subject.classification: Mechanical Engineering In General. Nuclear Technology. Electrical Engineering. Machinery dc.title: Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation In Coupled Spin System By Double Resonance

This article is from Annals of Gastroenterology : Quarterly Publication of the Hellenic Society of Gastroenterology , volume 26 . Abstract Background: Dilated common bile duct (CBD) without obvious cause is a not uncommon finding on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in patients with unexplained dilated CBD on MRCP. Methods: Patients referred for EUS evaluation of a dilated CBD were retrospectively analyzed with respect to serum alkaline phosphatase prior to EUS and subsequent outcome after EUS. Results: Over a 3-year period, 40 patients (24 males; mean age 38.9±9.9 years) with dilated CBD were retrospectively identified. Ten patients had elevated serum alkaline phosphatase. The diagnosis reached after EUS examination was: CBD stones in 15 (37.5%) with largest size of CBD stone being 9 mm, mass in CBD in 2 (5%), benign biliary stricture in 2 (5%), biliary stricture with underlying chronic pancreatitis in 1 (2.5%) patient respectively. EUS examination revealed normal CBD in 20 (50%) patients and two of these patients had periampullary diverticulum. All the patients with abnormal liver function tests had a detectable CBD pathology whereas 20/30 (66.6%) patients with normal liver biochemistry had normal EUS findings. There was no significant difference in the mean CBD diameter between the groups with demonstrable pathology compared with those without (P=0.64). Conclusion: EUS is a useful investigational modality for patients with unexplained dilated CBD on MRCP. The mean CBD diameter and the presence of normal liver function tests are not predictive of underlying pathology.

This article is from Annals of Gastroenterology : Quarterly Publication of the Hellenic Society of Gastroenterology , volume 26 . Abstract Background: Dilated common bile duct (CBD) without obvious cause is a not uncommon finding on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in patients with unexplained dilated CBD on MRCP. Methods: Patients referred for EUS evaluation of a dilated CBD were retrospectively analyzed with respect to serum alkaline phosphatase prior to EUS and subsequent outcome after EUS. Results: Over a 3-year period, 40 patients (24 males; mean age 38.9±9.9 years) with dilated CBD were retrospectively identified. Ten patients had elevated serum alkaline phosphatase. The diagnosis reached after EUS examination was: CBD stones in 15 (37.5%) with largest size of CBD stone being 9 mm, mass in CBD in 2 (5%), benign biliary stricture in 2 (5%), biliary stricture with underlying chronic pancreatitis in 1 (2.5%) patient respectively. EUS examination revealed normal CBD in 20 (50%) patients and two of these patients had periampullary diverticulum. All the patients with abnormal liver function tests had a detectable CBD pathology whereas 20/30 (66.6%) patients with normal liver biochemistry had normal EUS findings. There was no significant difference in the mean CBD diameter between the groups with demonstrable pathology compared with those without (P=0.64). Conclusion: EUS is a useful investigational modality for patients with unexplained dilated CBD on MRCP. The mean CBD diameter and the presence of normal liver function tests are not predictive of underlying pathology.

This article is from Annals of Gastroenterology : Quarterly Publication of the Hellenic Society of Gastroenterology , volume 26 . Abstract Background: Dilated common bile duct (CBD) without obvious cause is a not uncommon finding on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in patients with unexplained dilated CBD on MRCP. Methods: Patients referred for EUS evaluation of a dilated CBD were retrospectively analyzed with respect to serum alkaline phosphatase prior to EUS and subsequent outcome after EUS. Results: Over a 3-year period, 40 patients (24 males; mean age 38.9±9.9 years) with dilated CBD were retrospectively identified. Ten patients had elevated serum alkaline phosphatase. The diagnosis reached after EUS examination was: CBD stones in 15 (37.5%) with largest size of CBD stone being 9 mm, mass in CBD in 2 (5%), benign biliary stricture in 2 (5%), biliary stricture with underlying chronic pancreatitis in 1 (2.5%) patient respectively. EUS examination revealed normal CBD in 20 (50%) patients and two of these patients had periampullary diverticulum. All the patients with abnormal liver function tests had a detectable CBD pathology whereas 20/30 (66.6%) patients with normal liver biochemistry had normal EUS findings. There was no significant difference in the mean CBD diameter between the groups with demonstrable pathology compared with those without (P=0.64). Conclusion: EUS is a useful investigational modality for patients with unexplained dilated CBD on MRCP. The mean CBD diameter and the presence of normal liver function tests are not predictive of underlying pathology.

This article is from Annals of Gastroenterology : Quarterly Publication of the Hellenic Society of Gastroenterology , volume 26 . Abstract Background: Dilated common bile duct (CBD) without obvious cause is a not uncommon finding on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in patients with unexplained dilated CBD on MRCP. Methods: Patients referred for EUS evaluation of a dilated CBD were retrospectively analyzed with respect to serum alkaline phosphatase prior to EUS and subsequent outcome after EUS. Results: Over a 3-year period, 40 patients (24 males; mean age 38.9±9.9 years) with dilated CBD were retrospectively identified. Ten patients had elevated serum alkaline phosphatase. The diagnosis reached after EUS examination was: CBD stones in 15 (37.5%) with largest size of CBD stone being 9 mm, mass in CBD in 2 (5%), benign biliary stricture in 2 (5%), biliary stricture with underlying chronic pancreatitis in 1 (2.5%) patient respectively. EUS examination revealed normal CBD in 20 (50%) patients and two of these patients had periampullary diverticulum. All the patients with abnormal liver function tests had a detectable CBD pathology whereas 20/30 (66.6%) patients with normal liver biochemistry had normal EUS findings. There was no significant difference in the mean CBD diameter between the groups with demonstrable pathology compared with those without (P=0.64). Conclusion: EUS is a useful investigational modality for patients with unexplained dilated CBD on MRCP. The mean CBD diameter and the presence of normal liver function tests are not predictive of underlying pathology.

This article is from Annals of Gastroenterology : Quarterly Publication of the Hellenic Society of Gastroenterology , volume 26 . Abstract Background: Dilated common bile duct (CBD) without obvious cause is a not uncommon finding on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in patients with unexplained dilated CBD on MRCP. Methods: Patients referred for EUS evaluation of a dilated CBD were retrospectively analyzed with respect to serum alkaline phosphatase prior to EUS and subsequent outcome after EUS. Results: Over a 3-year period, 40 patients (24 males; mean age 38.9±9.9 years) with dilated CBD were retrospectively identified. Ten patients had elevated serum alkaline phosphatase. The diagnosis reached after EUS examination was: CBD stones in 15 (37.5%) with largest size of CBD stone being 9 mm, mass in CBD in 2 (5%), benign biliary stricture in 2 (5%), biliary stricture with underlying chronic pancreatitis in 1 (2.5%) patient respectively. EUS examination revealed normal CBD in 20 (50%) patients and two of these patients had periampullary diverticulum. All the patients with abnormal liver function tests had a detectable CBD pathology whereas 20/30 (66.6%) patients with normal liver biochemistry had normal EUS findings. There was no significant difference in the mean CBD diameter between the groups with demonstrable pathology compared with those without (P=0.64). Conclusion: EUS is a useful investigational modality for patients with unexplained dilated CBD on MRCP. The mean CBD diameter and the presence of normal liver function tests are not predictive of underlying pathology.

This article is from Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance , volume 16 . Abstract Background: Cardiovascular disease in pregnancy is the leading cause of maternal mortality in North America. Although transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is the most widely used imaging modality for the assessment of cardiovascular function during pregnancy, little is known on the role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). The objective of the Cardiac Hemodynamic Imaging and Remodeling in Pregnancy (CHIRP) study was to compare TTE and CMR in the non-invasive assessment of maternal cardiac remodeling during the peripartum period. Methods: Between 2010–2012, healthy pregnant women aged 18 to 35 years were prospectively enrolled. All women underwent TTE and CMR during the third trimester and at least 3 months postpartum (surrogate for non-pregnant state). Results: The study population included a total of 34 women (mean age 29 ± 3 years). During the third trimester, TTE and CMR demonstrated an increase in left ventricular end-diastolic volume from 95 ± 11 mL to 115 ± 14 mL and 98 ± 6 mL to 125 ± 5 mL, respectively (p 

The Role Of Magnetic Resonance Imaging In Diagnosis Of Knee Joint Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear In Traumatic Patients In Sulaimani Bckground: The traumatic or degenerative internal derangement of the knee is a common entity and may require certain studies for the establishment of diagnosis, in addition to clinical history and a thorough physical examination. Objective: To assess the role of MRI in diagnosis of knee joint anterior cruciate ligament injury in traumatic patients in Sulaimani. Patients and method: A cross sectional study carried out in Shar Teaching Hospital from 1st of January to end of August, 2015. All traumatic knee joint patients presented to orthopedic consultancy departments of Shar hospital were the study population. Results: There was a significant association between joint effusion and patients with complete ACL tear (p=0.02). There were no significant differences between traumatic knee joint patients with different ACL patterns regarding bone contusion, backer cyst and PCL degeneration (p>0.05). There was a significant association between medial meniscus injury and patients with partial tear (p=0.001). Conclusion: Magnetic resonance imaging is an evaluable non-invasive diagnostic technique for diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament injury

The Role Of Magnetic Resonance Imaging In Diagnosis Of Knee Joint Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear In Traumatic Patients In Sulaimani Bckground: The traumatic or degenerative internal derangement of the knee is a common entity and may require certain studies for the establishment of diagnosis, in addition to clinical history and a thorough physical examination. Objective: To assess the role of MRI in diagnosis of knee joint anterior cruciate ligament injury in traumatic patients in Sulaimani. Patients and method: A cross sectional study carried out in Shar Teaching Hospital from 1st of January to end of August, 2015. All traumatic knee joint patients presented to orthopedic consultancy departments of Shar hospital were the study population. Results: There was a significant association between joint effusion and patients with complete ACL tear (p=0.02). There were no significant differences between traumatic knee joint patients with different ACL patterns regarding bone contusion, backer cyst and PCL degeneration (p>0.05). There was a significant association between medial meniscus injury and patients with partial tear (p=0.001). Conclusion: Magnetic resonance imaging is an evaluable non-invasive diagnostic technique for diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament injury

This article is from Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology : Official Journal of Indian Society of Medical & Paediatric Oncology , volume 32 . Abstract Sinus histicytosis (Rosai–Dorfman disease) is a rare, benign granulomatous disease that typically presents with massive cervical lymphadenopathy. Extranodal involvement along with concomitant nodal disease occurs in about 43% of cases. We present a unique case of a 30-year-old male with cervical, retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy, associated with renal and pituitary sellar masses.

This article is from Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance , volume 14 . Abstract Background: Intramyocardialhemorrhage (IMH) reflects severe reperfusion injury in acute myocardial infarction. Non-invasive detection of IMH by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) may serve as a surrogate marker to evaluate the effect of preventive measures to reduce reperfusion injury and hence provide additional prognostic information. We sought to investigate whether IMH could be detected by CMR exploiting the T1 shortening effect of methemoglobin in an experimental model of acute myocardial infarction. The results were compared to T2-weighthed short tau inversion recovery (T2-STIR), and T2*-weighted(T2*W) sequences. Methods and results: IMH was induced in ten 40 kg pigs by 50-min balloon occlusion of the mid LAD followed by reperfusion. Between 4–9 days (average 4.8) post-injury, the left ventricular myocardium was assessed by T1-weigthed Inversion Recovery(T1W-IR), T2-STIR, and T2*Wsequences. All CMR images were matched to histopathology and compared with the area of IMH. The difference between the size of the IMH area detected on T1W-IR images and pathology was −1.6 ± 11.3% (limits of agreement, -24%–21%), for the T2*W images the difference was −0.1 ± 18.3% (limitsof agreement, -36.8%–36.6%), and for T2-STIR the difference was 8.0 ± 15.5% (limits of agreement, -23%–39%). By T1W IR the diagnostic sensitivity of IMH was 90% and specificity 70%, for T2*W imaging the sensitivity was 70% and specificity 50%, and for T2-STIR sensitivity for imaging IMH was 50% and specificity 60%. Conclusion: T1-weigthednon-contrast enhanced CMR detects IMH with high sensitivity and specificity and may become a diagnostic tool for detection of IMH in patients with myocardial infarction.

This article is from The Pan African Medical Journal , volume 14 . Abstract Hydatid disease is endemic in Tunisia and has been considered as one of the most common surgical pathology. Several localizations have been described, but hydatidosis of the liver is the most frequent clinical entity. Primary hydatid cyst of the gallbladder is very rare. We report in this observation a new case of primary hydatid cyst of the gallbladder diagnosed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).

This article is from International Archives of Medicine , volume 4 . Abstract Background: The diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis continues to be a clinical challenge. Magnetic resonance imaging provides excellent visualization of the pericardium. The aim of our study is to clarify the contribution of this non invasive exploration in the diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis in our center. Methods: we conducted a prospective study over a period of two years, since 2008, covering a series of patients (n = 11), mean age 44 ± 15 years, in whom constrictive pericarditis was suspected clinically and on transthoracic echocardiography. We studied its characteristics on magnetic resonance imaging. Results: Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the diagnosis showing pericardial thickening in all cases, measuring 8.2 +/- 2.6 mm on average, circumferential in 64%, and localized in 36%. The imaging data, particularly pericardial thickening and its topography, were confirmed by surgical exploration, and results were concordant in all cases. Conclusion: Magnetic resonance imaging is a powerful tool to establish constrictive pericarditis diagnosis.

This article is from Psychiatry Investigation , volume 9 . Abstract Here, we report psychotic symptoms together with a right cerebellopontine-angle lesion. A37-year-old female patient presented with a trigeminal Schwannoma occupying the right cerebellopontine angle. Her psychotic symptoms included auditory hallucinations and delusions of persecution. T1- and T2-weighted images on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed hyperintense and hypointense areas in the right cerebellopontine angle, respectively. The clinical and neuroimaging reviews in this case suggest that sudden onset of psychotic symptoms at a mature age may be associated with a right cerebellopontine-angle lesion and that MRI should be used to evaluate possible organic bases in patients that present with psychosis.

This article is from Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance , volume 14 . Abstract Background: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance myocardial feature tracking (CMR-FT) is a recently described method of post processing routine cine acquisitions which aims to provide quantitative measurements of circumferentially and radially directed ventricular wall strain. Inter-study reproducibility is important for serial assessments however has not been defined for CMR-FT. Methods: 16 healthy volunteers were imaged 3 times within a single day. The first examination was performed at 0900 after fasting and was immediately followed by the second. The third, non-fasting scan, was performed at 1400.CMR-FT measures of segmental and global strain parameters were calculated. Left ventricular (LV) circumferential and radial strain were determined in the short axis orientation (EccSAX and ErrSAX respectively). LV and right ventricular longitudinal strain and LV radial strain were determined from the 4-chamber orientation (EllLV, EllRV, and ErrLAX respectively). LV volumes and function were also analysed.Inter-study reproducibility and study sample sizes required to demonstrate 5% changes in absolute strain were determined by comparison of the first and second exams. The third exam was used to determine whether diurnal variation affected reproducibility. Results: CMR-FT strain analysis inter-study reproducibility was variable. Global strain assessment was more reproducible than segmental analysis. Overall EccSAX was the most reproducible measure of strain: coefficient of variation (CV) 38% and 20.3% and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) 0.68 (0.55-0.78) and 0.7 (0.32-0.89) for segmental and global analysis respectively. The least reproducible segmental measure was EllRV: CV 60% and ICC 0.56 (0.41-0.69) whilst the least reproducible global measure was ErrLAX: CV 33.3% and ICC 0.44 (0–0.77). Variable reproducibility was also reflected in the calculated sample sizes, which ranged from 11 (global EccSAX) to 156 subjects (segmental EllRV). The reproducibility of LV volumes and function was excellent. There was no diurnal variation in global strain or LV volumetric measurements. Conclusions: Inter-study reproducibility of CMR-FT varied between different parameters, as summarized above and was better for global rather than segmental analysis. It was not measurably affected by diurnal variation. CMR-FT may have potential for quantitative wall motion analysis with applications in patient management and clinical trials. However, inter-study reproducibility was relatively poor for segmental and long axis analyses of strain, which have yet to be validated, and may benefit from further development.

This article is from Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology , volume 15 . Abstract Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is chronic encephalitis occurring after infection with measles virus. An 8-year-old boy presented with progressive behavioral changes, cognitive decline and myoclonic jerks, progressing to a bed bound state over 2 months. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain showed T2-weighted hyperintensities in the subcortical areas of the left occipital lobe and brachium of the inferior colliculus on both sides. EEG showed bilateral, synchronous periodic discharges. Serum/cerebrospinal fluid measles IgG titer was significantly positive. The overall features were suggestive of SSPE. MRI finding of bilateral inferior colliculus changes on MRI without significant involvement of other commonly involved areas suggests an uncommon/rare imaging pattern of SSPE.

This article is from Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology , volume 15 . Abstract Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is chronic encephalitis occurring after infection with measles virus. An 8-year-old boy presented with progressive behavioral changes, cognitive decline and myoclonic jerks, progressing to a bed bound state over 2 months. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain showed T2-weighted hyperintensities in the subcortical areas of the left occipital lobe and brachium of the inferior colliculus on both sides. EEG showed bilateral, synchronous periodic discharges. Serum/cerebrospinal fluid measles IgG titer was significantly positive. The overall features were suggestive of SSPE. MRI finding of bilateral inferior colliculus changes on MRI without significant involvement of other commonly involved areas suggests an uncommon/rare imaging pattern of SSPE.

This article is from Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology , volume 15 . Abstract Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is chronic encephalitis occurring after infection with measles virus. An 8-year-old boy presented with progressive behavioral changes, cognitive decline and myoclonic jerks, progressing to a bed bound state over 2 months. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain showed T2-weighted hyperintensities in the subcortical areas of the left occipital lobe and brachium of the inferior colliculus on both sides. EEG showed bilateral, synchronous periodic discharges. Serum/cerebrospinal fluid measles IgG titer was significantly positive. The overall features were suggestive of SSPE. MRI finding of bilateral inferior colliculus changes on MRI without significant involvement of other commonly involved areas suggests an uncommon/rare imaging pattern of SSPE.

This article is from Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology , volume 15 . Abstract Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is chronic encephalitis occurring after infection with measles virus. An 8-year-old boy presented with progressive behavioral changes, cognitive decline and myoclonic jerks, progressing to a bed bound state over 2 months. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain showed T2-weighted hyperintensities in the subcortical areas of the left occipital lobe and brachium of the inferior colliculus on both sides. EEG showed bilateral, synchronous periodic discharges. Serum/cerebrospinal fluid measles IgG titer was significantly positive. The overall features were suggestive of SSPE. MRI finding of bilateral inferior colliculus changes on MRI without significant involvement of other commonly involved areas suggests an uncommon/rare imaging pattern of SSPE.

This article is from Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology , volume 15 . Abstract Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is chronic encephalitis occurring after infection with measles virus. An 8-year-old boy presented with progressive behavioral changes, cognitive decline and myoclonic jerks, progressing to a bed bound state over 2 months. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain showed T2-weighted hyperintensities in the subcortical areas of the left occipital lobe and brachium of the inferior colliculus on both sides. EEG showed bilateral, synchronous periodic discharges. Serum/cerebrospinal fluid measles IgG titer was significantly positive. The overall features were suggestive of SSPE. MRI finding of bilateral inferior colliculus changes on MRI without significant involvement of other commonly involved areas suggests an uncommon/rare imaging pattern of SSPE.

This article is from Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology , volume 15 . Abstract Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is chronic encephalitis occurring after infection with measles virus. An 8-year-old boy presented with progressive behavioral changes, cognitive decline and myoclonic jerks, progressing to a bed bound state over 2 months. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain showed T2-weighted hyperintensities in the subcortical areas of the left occipital lobe and brachium of the inferior colliculus on both sides. EEG showed bilateral, synchronous periodic discharges. Serum/cerebrospinal fluid measles IgG titer was significantly positive. The overall features were suggestive of SSPE. MRI finding of bilateral inferior colliculus changes on MRI without significant involvement of other commonly involved areas suggests an uncommon/rare imaging pattern of SSPE.

This article is from Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology , volume 15 . Abstract Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is chronic encephalitis occurring after infection with measles virus. An 8-year-old boy presented with progressive behavioral changes, cognitive decline and myoclonic jerks, progressing to a bed bound state over 2 months. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain showed T2-weighted hyperintensities in the subcortical areas of the left occipital lobe and brachium of the inferior colliculus on both sides. EEG showed bilateral, synchronous periodic discharges. Serum/cerebrospinal fluid measles IgG titer was significantly positive. The overall features were suggestive of SSPE. MRI finding of bilateral inferior colliculus changes on MRI without significant involvement of other commonly involved areas suggests an uncommon/rare imaging pattern of SSPE.

Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry 1998: Volume 36 , Issue CONTENTS. Digitized from IA1643712-03 . Previous issue: sim_magnetic-resonance-in-chemistry_1998_36_index . Next issue: sim_magnetic-resonance-in-chemistry_1998-01_36_1 .

Magnetic Resonance Imaging 1989: Volume 7 , Issue Contents. Digitized from IA1646531-04 . Previous issue: sim_magnetic-resonance-imaging_1988_6_supplement-1_0 . Next issue: sim_magnetic-resonance-imaging_1989_7_index .

Magnetic Resonance Imaging 1991: Volume 9 , Issue Index. Digitized from IA1652604-05 . Previous issue: sim_magnetic-resonance-imaging_1991_9_contents . Next issue: sim_magnetic-resonance-imaging_1991_9_1 .

Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy 1981 - 1985: Volume 13-17 , Issue Cumulative Contents. Digitized from IA1652712-04 . Previous issue: sim_progress-in-nuclear-magnetic-resonance-spectroscopy_1986_18_4 . Next issue: sim_progress-in-nuclear-magnetic-resonance-spectroscopy_1987_19_1 .

Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy 1986: Volume 18 , Issue Contents. Digitized from IA1646622-01 . Next issue: sim_progress-in-nuclear-magnetic-resonance-spectroscopy_1986_18_index_0 .

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Progress in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy 2000: Volume 36 , Issue Index. Digitized from IA1652712-04 . Previous issue: sim_progress-in-nuclear-magnetic-resonance-spectroscopy_1999-12-01_35_4 . Next issue: sim_progress-in-nuclear-magnetic-resonance-spectroscopy_2000-02-18_36_1 .

Diurnal variations of two orthogonal magnetic components of earth ionosphere cavity

This item represents a case in PACER, the U.S. Government's website for federal case data. If you wish to see the entire case, please consult PACER directly.

This item represents a case in PACER, the U.S. Government's website for federal case data. If you wish to see the entire case, please consult PACER directly.

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Magnetic Resonance Imaging 1987: Volume 5 , Issue Contents. Digitized from IA1652604-05 . Previous issue: sim_magnetic-resonance-imaging_1987_5_index . Next issue: sim_magnetic-resonance-imaging_1987_5_1 .

Magnetic Resonance Imaging 1987: Volume 5 , Issue Contents. Digitized from IA1652604-05 . Previous issue: sim_magnetic-resonance-imaging_1987_5_index . Next issue: sim_magnetic-resonance-imaging_1987_5_1 .

Magnetic Resonance Imaging 1987: Volume 5 , Issue Contents. Digitized from IA1652604-05 . Previous issue: sim_magnetic-resonance-imaging_1987_5_index . Next issue: sim_magnetic-resonance-imaging_1987_5_1 .

Magnetic Resonance Imaging 1987: Volume 5 , Issue Contents. Digitized from IA1652604-05 . Previous issue: sim_magnetic-resonance-imaging_1987_5_index . Next issue: sim_magnetic-resonance-imaging_1987_5_1 .

Magnetic Resonance Imaging 1987: Volume 5 , Issue Contents. Digitized from IA1652604-05 . Previous issue: sim_magnetic-resonance-imaging_1987_5_index . Next issue: sim_magnetic-resonance-imaging_1987_5_1 .

This article is from NeuroImage : Clinical , volume 2 . Abstract To date, there has been little work describing the neurochemical profile of young, heavy marijuana users. In this study, we examined 27 young-adult marijuana users and 26 healthy controls using single-voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy on a 3 T scanner. The voxel was placed in the dorsal striatum, and estimated concentrations of glutamate + glutamine, myo-inositol, taurine + glucose, total choline and total N-acetylaspartate were examined between groups. There were no overall group effects, but two metabolites showed group by sex interactions. Lower levels of glutamate + glutamine (scaled to total creatine) were observed in female, but not male, marijuana users compared to controls. Higher levels of myo-inositol were observed in female users compared to female non-users and to males in both groups. Findings are discussed in relation to patterns of corticostriatal connectivity and function, in the context of marijuana abuse.

This article is from Journal of Medicine and Life , volume 6 . Abstract Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy (MHE), previously referred to as infraclinical or subclinical is a precursor in the development of clinical hepatic encephalopathy (HE). The demonstration of MHE is done through neuropsychological testing in the absence of clinical evidence of HE, patients showing only a mild cognitive impairment. Neuropsychological tests employed consist of Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) and portosystemic encephalopathy (PSE) test score. Unfortunately, there are numerous occasions when the tests prove irrelevant: in the situation of inexperienced investigators, the patient’s poor education, vision problems or concurring central nervous system disease, all of which may delay or deviate from the correct diagnosis.

Aim: We aimed to evaluate anesthesia practice for pediatric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) according to the age groups and discuss the anesthetic management of the patients. We investigated the hospital sheets of all children who underwent MRI under anesthesia retrospectively.  Material and Method: We divided the total of 5720 patients included in the study into two groups as Group S: school children (>6 years) and Group PS: preschool children (<6 years). We compared the two groups according to demographic characteristics, the anesthetic agent, additional anesthetic agent requirement, length of the sedation and the complications before and after the sedation.  Results: Overall, the mean age of the patients was 4.6±3.8 years (6 months–14 years). In all procedural sedation, we used the ketamine-propofol combination. In Group S, mean ketamine and propofol doses were significantly higher than Group PS (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in additional anesthetic agent requirement as Ketamine and Midazolam (p=0.38, p=0.42). The duration of anesthesia was significantly longer in preschool children(p<0.05). There were no severe complications in both groups. In 148 patients we observed hypoxia (2.58%) and pain in the injection area in 114(1.99%) patients with complications due to sedation.  Discussion: In pediatric MRI patients, ketamine and midazolam are effective and safe choices for procedural sedation. For safety of the sedation, it must be done in a well-equipped environment and proper dose adjustment is required.

We show that in pulsed electrically detected magnetic resonance (pEDMR) signal modulation in combination with a lock-in detection scheme can reduce the low-frequency noise level by one order of magnitude and in addition removes the microwave-induced non-resonant background. This is exemplarily demonstrated for spin-echo measurements in phosphorus-doped Silicon. The modulation of the signal is achieved by cycling the phase of the projection pulse used in pEDMR for the read-out of the spin state.

We present a broadband microwave setup for electrically detected magnetic resonance (EDMR) based on microwave antennae with the ability to apply arbitrarily shaped pulses for the excitation of electron spin resonance (ESR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) of spin ensembles. This setup uses non-resonant stripline structures for on-chip microwave delivery and is demonstrated to work in the frequency range from 4 MHz to 18 GHz. $\pi$ pulse times of 50 ns and 70 $\mu$s for ESR and NMR transitions, respectively, are achieved with as little as 100 mW of microwave or radiofrequency power. The use of adiabatic pulses fully compensates for the microwave magnetic field inhomogeneity of the stripline antennae, as demonstrated with the help of BIR4 unitary rotation pulses driving the ESR transition of neutral phosphorus donors in silicon and the NMR transitions of ionized phosphorus donors as detected by electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR).

This article is from Korean Journal of Radiology , volume 15 . Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the interobserver and intermodality agreement in the interpretation of time-of-flight (TOF) MR angiography (MRA) for the follow-up of coiled intracranial aneurysms with the Enterprise stent. Materials and Methods: Two experienced neurointerventionists independently reviewed the follow-up MRA studies of 40 consecutive patients with 44 coiled aneurysms. All aneurysms were treated with assistance from the Enterprise stent and the radiologic follow-up intervals were greater than 6 months after the endovascular therapy. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) served as the reference standard. The degree of aneurysm occlusion was determined by an evaluation of the maximal intensity projection (MIP) and source images (SI) of the TOF MRA. The capability of the TOF MRA to depict the residual flow within the coiled aneurysms and the stented parent arteries was compared with that of the DSA. Results: DSA showed stable occlusions in 25 aneurysms, minor recanalization in 8, and major recanalization in 11. Comparisons between the TOF MRA and conventional angiography showed that the MIP plus SI had almost perfect agreement (κ = 0.892, range 0.767 to 1.000) and had better agreement than with the MIP images only (κ = 0.598, range 0.370 to 0.826). In-stent stenosis of more than 33% was observed in 5 cases. Both MIP and SI of the MRA showed poor depiction of in-stent stenosis compared with the DSA. Conclusion: TOF MRA seemed to be reliable in screening for aneurysm recurrence after coil embolization with Enterprise stent assistance, especially in the evaluation of the SI, in addition to MIP images in the TOF MRA.