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This study will examine whether children’s emotional reactivity at the neural level, indexed by the Late Positive Potential (LPP), mediates longitudinal associations between parental dismissive reactions to children’s negative emotions and children’s emotional outcome (i.e., positive and negative emotion) across early childhood. Using an existing dataset with repeated assessments at ages 3, 4, and 5, we will test whether maternal and paternal punitive/minimizing responses relate to children’s LPP responses and emotional outcomes over time. We will employ an autoregressive cross-lagged approach to capture within-construct stability and cross-lagged influences between parental socialization behaviors, neural reactivity, and child emotion outcomes.