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The Department of Defense relies on modeling and simulation for a variety of purposes, including joint exercise training, developing and evaluating doctrine and tactics, and studying weapon system effectiveness. Advances in technology have made the achievement of technically and visually accurate simulations possible, but little has been done to present realistic scenarios while supporting user interaction. This dissertation describes a multi-agent interactive simulation engine for generating interactive scenarios or stories. A general-purpose multi-agent system simulation architecture, called a Connector-based Multi-Agent System (CMAS) is developed and presented, along with a software agent communication and coordination mechanism. In this architecture, stories are generated through discovery as a by-product of agent interactions, rather than being fixed in advance. The ensuing story adapts to the user's interventions and is closely aligned to the goals of the agents. The multi-agent system design of the story engine has resulted in a data-driven simulation engine, which is domain independent and highly scalable. The story engine is fielded as the underlying simulation engine behind the U.S. Army's America's Army: Soldiers project. The instantiation of the story engine as it applies to Soldiers is presented. As a component of Soldiers, the story engine is an integral module in an interactive story generation system.

Thesis advisor(s): Carl R. Jones, Myung W. Suh

Thesis advisor(s): Carl R. Jones, Myung W. Suh

The DIS architecture defines a time and space coherent representation of a virtual battlefield environment, measured in of the human perception and behaviors of warfighters interacting in free play. It provides a structure by which independently developed system may interact with each other in a well managed and validated combat simulation environment during all phases of the development process. A fundamental objective of the DIS architecture is to provide a blueprint to guide development of a general purpose system meeting the need of a wide range of users. The architecture must therefore support the broadest possible range of user needs. At the same time, the architecture and the associated standards must provide sufficient design definition to achieve the goal of transparent interoperability of a very wide range of simulators, simulations, and actual equipment operating on instrumented ranges.

Interactive Architecture is an illustration of the concept that digital projections can interact with the surfaces upon which they are projected. G.R.L. is proud to introduce Agent Watson; specializing in British ninja tactics and particle systems. Click here to view photos on Flickr.

Interactive Architecture is an illustration of the concept that digital projections can interact with the surfaces upon which they are projected. G.R.L. is proud to introduce Agent Watson; specializing in British ninja tactics and particle systems. Click here to view photos on Flickr.

The DIS architecture defines a time and space coherent representation of a virtual battlefield environment, measured in terms of the human perception and behaviors of warfighters interacting in free play. It provides a structure by which independently developed systems may interact with each other in a well managed and validated combat simulation environment during all phases of the development process. A fundamental objective of the DIS architecture is to provide a blueprint to guide development of a general purpose system meeting the needs of a wide range of users. The architecture must therefore support the broadest possible range of user needs. At the same time, the architecture and the associated standards must provide sufficient design definition to achieve the goal of transparent interoperability of a very wide range of simulators, simulations, and actual equipment operating on instrumented ranges.

The Department of Defense relies on modeling and simulation for a variety of purposes, including joint exercise training, developing and evaluating doctrine and tactics, and studying weapon system effectiveness. Advances in technology have made the achievement of technically and visually accurate simulations possible, but little has been done to present realistic scenarios while supporting user interaction. This dissertation describes a multi-agent interactive simulation engine for generating interactive scenarios or stories. A general-purpose multi-agent system simulation architecture, called a Connector-based Multi-Agent System (CMAS) is developed and presented, along with a software agent communication and coordination mechanism In this architecture, stories are generated through discovery as a by-product of agent interactions, rather than being fixed in advance. The ensuing story adapts to the user's interventions and is closely aligned to the goals of the agents. The multi-agent system design of the story engine has resulted in a data-driven simulation engine, which is domain independent and highly scalable. The story engine is fielded as the underlying simulation engine behind the U,S, Army's America's Army: Soldiers project, The instantiation of the story engine as it applies to Soldiers is presented, As a component of Soldiers, the story engine is an integral module in an interactive story generation system.

The human brain is one of the most complex dynamic systems that enables us to communicate in natural language. We have a good understanding of some principles underlying natural languages and language processing, some knowledge about socio-cultural conditions framing acquisition, and some insights about where activity is occurring in the brain. However, we were not yet able to understand the behavioural and mechanistic characteristics for natural language and how mechanisms in the brain allow to acquire and process language. In an effort to bridge the gap between insights from behavioural psychology and neuroscience, the goal of this paper is to contribute a computational understanding of the appropriate characteristics that favour language acquisition, in a brain-inspired neural architecture. Accordingly, we provide concepts and refinements in cognitive modelling regarding principles and mechanisms in the brain - such as the hierarchical abstraction of context - in a plausible recurrent architecture. On this basis, we propose neurocognitively plausible model for embodied language acquisition from real world interaction of a humanoid robot with its environment. The model is capable of learning language production grounded in both, temporal dynamic somatosensation and vision. In particular, the architecture consists of a continuous time recurrent neural network, where parts have different leakage characteristics and thus operate on multiple timescales for every modality and the association of the higher level nodes of all modalities into cell assemblies. Thus, this model features hierarchical concept abstraction in sensation as well as concept decomposition in production, multi-modal integration, and self-organisation of latent representations.

Welcome to #Ethnomir, the biggest ethnographic park-museum of #Russia, an interactive model of the real world! You'll find there architecture, ethnic cuisine, crafts, as well as learn about traditions and way of life of many countries! https://t.co/SkkV5o9RWi https://t.co/NSrLp52L4u Source: https://twitter.com/Russia/status/988404570496929792 Uploader: Russia 🇷🇺

Welcome to #Ethnomir, the biggest ethnographic park-museum of #Russia, an interactive model of the real world! You'll find there architecture, ethnic cuisine, crafts, as well as learn about traditions and way of life of many countries! https://t.co/SkkV5o9RWi https://t.co/NSrLp52L4u Source: https://twitter.com/Russia/status/988404570496929792 Uploader: Russia 🇷🇺

This paper presents a novel decentralized interactive architecture for aerial and ground mobile robots cooperation. The aerial mobile robot is used to provide a global coverage during an area inspection, while the ground mobile robot is used to provide a local coverage of ground features. We include a human-in-the-loop to provide waypoints for the ground mobile robot to progress safely in the inspected area. The aerial mobile robot follows continuously the ground mobile robot in order to always keep it in its coverage view.

Interactive virtual environments are becoming increasingly popular for their utility in virtual training, distributed decision-making and collaborative environments. Some of these applications rely on a scenario that is revealed to the user as he/she interacts with synthetic objects and characters that inhabit virtual worlds. The development and authoring of interactive dynamic scenarios is often hard and difficult to accomplish using current techniques. Many interactive scenario developers use decision trees, which yield very limiting and unfulfilling training experiences, because they do not stimulate learning or thinking beyond the scripted paths. Some researchers proposed plan-based interactive narrative architectures, which, although superior to decision trees, do not scale and do not address user's goals and intentions, yielding inflexible scenarios that do not adapt suitably to players goals or behaviors. In this paper, we propose a dynamic scenario architecture that aims at enhancing scalability and reuse by using a multi-agent layered problem solving technique. Additionally, the interactive scenario architecture will automatically adapt to users goals by integrating a user model and a user monitoring technique.

Interactive virtual environments are becoming increasingly popular for their utility in virtual training, distributed decision-making and collaborative environments. Some of these applications rely on a scenario that is revealed to the user as he/she interacts with synthetic objects and characters that inhabit virtual worlds. The development and authoring of interactive dynamic scenarios is often hard and difficult to accomplish using current techniques. Many interactive scenario developers use decision trees, which yield very limiting and unfulfilling training experiences, because they do not stimulate learning or thinking beyond the scripted paths. Some researchers proposed plan-based interactive narrative architectures, which, although superior to decision trees, do not scale and do not address user's goals and intentions, yielding inflexible scenarios that do not adapt suitably to players goals or behaviors. In this paper, we propose a dynamic scenario architecture that aims at enhancing scalability and reuse by using a multi-agent layered problem solving technique. Additionally, the interactive scenario architecture will automatically adapt to users goals by integrating a user model and a user monitoring technique.

Distributive Interactive Simulation (DIS) requires a communication architecture to support large scale simulations (100,000 entities). The communication architecture requirements for DIS are now being defined. DIS will require a wide area network that supports high data rates, multicasting and low latency. DoD can no longer afford unique solutions for the their wide area networking needs and must align their service requirements with the services provided by common carriers. An analysis is presented on how the future Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network(B-ISDN) and its technology standard, Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), could help meet the WAN communication architecture requirements of DIS. The requirements of DIS are presented and mapped into a format compatible with international standards for common carrier services. Quality of Services (QoS) parameter values for DIS information types are estimated and compared to those of B-ISDN, Conclusions reveal that B-ISDN and its underlying technology, ATM, will help meet the DIS WAN communication architecture needs. Also, QoS parameter values for DIS require further definition and specificity to enable DoD to take advantage of the future common carrier services. DoD needs to define its future application requirements that are compatible with common carrier services

Distributive Interactive Simulation (DIS) requires a communication architecture to support large scale simulations (100,000 entities). The communication architecture requirements for DIS are now being defined. DIS will require a wide area network that supports high data rates, multicasting and low latency. DoD can no longer afford unique solutions for the their wide area networking needs and must align their service requirements with the services provided by common carriers. An analysis is presented on how the future Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network(B-ISDN) and its technology standard, Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), could help meet the WAN communication architecture requirements of DIS. The requirements of DIS are presented and mapped into a format compatible with international standards for common carrier services. Quality of Services (QoS) parameter values for DIS information types are estimated and compared to those of B-ISDN, Conclusions reveal that B-ISDN and its underlying technology, ATM, will help meet the DIS WAN communication architecture needs. Also, QoS parameter values for DIS require further definition and specificity to enable DoD to take advantage of the future common carrier services. DoD needs to define its future application requirements that are compatible with common carrier services

The DIS architecture defines a time and space coherent representation of a virtual battlefield environment, measured in terms of the human perception and behaviors of warfighters interacting in free play. It provides a structure by which independently developed systems may interact with each other in a well managed and validated combat simulation environment during all phases of the development process. A fundamental objective of the DIS architecture is to provide a blueprint to guide development of a general purpose system meeting the needs of a wide range of users. The architecture must therefore support the broadest possible range of user needs. At the same time, the architecture and the associated standards must provide sufficient design definition to achieve the goal of transparent interoperability of a very wide range of simulators, simulations, and actual equipment operating on instrumented ranges.

Distributive Interactive Simulation (DIS) requires a communication architecture to support large scale simulations (100,000 entities). The communication architecture requirements for DIS are now being defined. DIS will require a wide area network that supports high data rates, multicasting and low latency. DoD can no longer afford unique solutions for the their wide area networking needs and must align their service requirements with the services provided by common carriers. An analysis is presented on how the future Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network(B-ISDN) and its technology standard, Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), could help meet the WAN communication architecture requirements of DIS. The requirements of DIS are presented and mapped into a format compatible with international standards for common carrier services. Quality of Services (QoS) parameter values for DIS information types are estimated and compared to those of B-ISDN, Conclusions reveal that B-ISDN and its underlying technology, ATM, will help meet the DIS WAN communication architecture needs. Also, QoS parameter values for DIS require further definition and specificity to enable DoD to take advantage of the future common carrier services. DoD needs to define its future application requirements that are compatible with common carrier services.

Due to a lack of suitable analysis tools, automotive engineers are often forced to forego quantitative optimization early in the development process, when fundamental decisions establishing vehicle architecture are made. This lack of tools arises because traditional analysis models require detailed geometric descriptions of components and assembly joints in order to yield accurate results, but this information is simply not available early in the development cycle. Optimization taking place later in the cycle usually occurs at the detail design level, and tends to result in expedient solutions to performance problems that might have been more effectively addressed at the architecture level. Alternatively, late-cycle architecture changes may be imposed, but such modifications are equivalent to a huge optimization cycle covering almost the entire design process, and require discarding the detail design work used originally as the basis of the NVH model. Optimizing at the architecture level can both shorten and improve the results of a vehicle development process. In this paper we describe the requirements and implementation of a user interface for a software package supporting vehicle architecture conceptual design and analysis.

The Computer Science Department at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California has developed a low-cost real-time interactive network based simulation system, known as NPSNET, that uses Silicon Graphics workstations. NPSNET has used non-standard protocols which constrains its participation in distributed simulation. DIS specifies standard protocols and is emerging as the international standard for distributed simulation. This research focused on the development of a robust, high-performance implementation of the DIS Version 2.0.3 protocol to support graphic simulation systems (e.g. NPSNET). The challenge was to comply with the standard and minimize network latency thereby maintaining the time and space coherence of distributed simulations. The resulting DIS Network Library consists of an application program interface (API) to low level network routines, a host of network utilities, and a network harness that takes advantage of multiprocessor workstations. The library was successfully tested on our local network and two configurations of a T-I based internet, the Defense Simulation Internet (DSI), with the Air Force Institute of Technology and Advanced Research Projects Agency. The testing confirmed that the semantics and syntax of the DIS protocol is properly implemented and the latency incurred by the network does not adversely effect the simulation application.

Robotic architectures that incorporate cloud-based resources are just now gaining popularity. However, researchers have very few investigations into their capabilities to support claims of their feasibility. We propose a novel method to exchange quality for speed of response. Further, we back this assertion with empirical findings from experiments performed with Amazon Mechanical Turk and find that our method improves quality in exchange for response time in our cognitive architecture.

IPython: A New Architecture for Interactive and Parallel Computing Fernando Perez

IGUANA is a generic interactive visualisation framework based on a C++ component model. It provides powerful user interface and visualisation primitives in a way that is not tied to any particular physics experiment or detector design. The article describes interactive visualisation tools built using IGUANA for the CMS and D0 experiments, as well as generic GEANT4 and GEANT3 applications. It covers features of the graphical user interfaces, 3D and 2D graphics, high-quality vector graphics output for print media, various textual, tabular and hierarchical data views, and integration with the application through control panels, a command line and different multi-threading models.

This report presents the development of MIDAS, a graphical pre- and post-processor for ASTROS. The system is developed around I-DEAS using its Open Architecture. MIDAS displays structural responses like stresses, displacements under multiple boundary conditions and load cases. It also displays normal modes animation and concurrent aerodynamic and structural models. Present work concentrates on display of flutter modes, design optimization iteration histories and optimum variables distribution. What-if trade off studies is the future course of the work. MIDAS has been developed on Silicon Graphics workstation and is portable to other UNIX platforms.

The Computer Science Department at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California has developed a low-cost real-time interactive network based simulation system, known as NPSNET, that uses Silicon Graphics workstations. NPSNET has used non-standard protocols which constrains its participation in distributed simulation. DIS specifies standard protocols and is emerging as the international standard for distributed simulation. This research focused on the development of a robust, high-performance implementation of the DIS Version 2.0.3 protocol to support graphic simulation systems (e.g. NPSNET). The challenge was to comply with the standard and minimize network latency thereby maintaining the time and space coherence of distributed simulations. The resulting DIS Network Library consists of an application program interface (API) to low level network routines, a host of network utilities, and a network harness that takes advantage of multiprocessor workstations. The library was successfully tested on our local network and two configurations of a T-I based internet, the Defense Simulation Internet (DSI), with the Air Force Institute of Technology and Advanced Research Projects Agency. The testing confirmed that the semantics and syntax of the DIS protocol is properly implemented and the latency incurred by the network does not adversely effect the simulation application.

The topic of joint actions has been deeply studied in the context of Human-Human interaction in order to understand how humans cooperate. Creating autonomous robots that collaborate with humans is a complex problem, where it is relevant to apply what has been learned in the context of Human-Human interaction. The question is what skills to implement and how to integrate them in order to build a cognitive architecture, allowing a robot to collaborate efficiently and naturally with humans. In this paper, we first list a set of skills that we consider essential for Joint Action, then we analyze the problem from the robot's point of view and discuss how they can be instantiated in human-robot scenarios. Finally, we open the discussion on how to integrate such skills into a cognitive architecture for human-robot collaborative problem solving and task achievement.

The topic of joint actions has been deeply studied in the context of Human-Human interaction in order to understand how humans cooperate. Creating autonomous robots that collaborate with humans is a complex problem, where it is relevant to apply what has been learned in the context of Human-Human interaction. The question is what skills to implement and how to integrate them in order to build a cognitive architecture, allowing a robot to collaborate efficiently and naturally with humans. In this paper, we first list a set of skills that we consider essential for Joint Action, then we analyze the problem from the robot's point of view and discuss how they can be instantiated in human-robot scenarios. Finally, we open the discussion on how to integrate such skills into a cognitive architecture for human-robot collaborative problem solving and task achievement.

Due to a lack of suitable analysis tools, automotive engineers are often forced to forego quantitative optimization early in the development process, when fundamental decisions establishing vehicle architecture are made. This lack of tools arises because traditional analysis models require detailed geometric descriptions of components and assembly joints in order to yield accurate results, but this information is simply not available early in the development cycle. Optimization taking place later in the cycle usually occurs at the detail design level, and tends to result in expedient solutions to performance problems that might have been more effectively addressed at the architecture level. Alternatively, late-cycle architecture changes may be imposed, but such modifications are equivalent to a huge optimization cycle covering almost the entire design process, and require discarding the detail design work used originally as the basis of the NVH model. Optimizing at the architecture level can both shorten and improve the results of a vehicle development process. In this paper we describe the requirements and implementation of a user interface for a software package supporting vehicle architecture conceptual design and analysis.

Interactive Narrative Architecture - Loreland

Interactive Narrative Architecture - Loreland

This paper presents a concept of a Web-based Architecture for achieving user-level interoperability of Department of Defense (DoD) Interactive Electronic Technical Manuals (IETMs) so that an end user can view any DoD IETM, no matter what the source, using only one electronic display device and common set of browser software. The particular solution presented is that developed by a study performed for the Navy; however, the paper also discusses the effort to extend the Navy Architecture to all of DoD. The DoD effort is being undertaken by a Tri-Service team chartered by the Assistant Undersecretary of Defense (Logistics Reinvention and Modernization). The Architecture is being developed in response to a requirement from the Joint Logistics Commanders, which identifies that non-interoperability of IETMs as a major impediment in conducting Joint Operations.

From the bitsavers.org collection, a scanned-in computer-related document. ibm :: share :: SHARE 61 Proceedings Volume 1 Summer 1983 :: B638 CMS Architecture and Interactive Computing; Daney

From the bitsavers.org collection, a scanned-in computer-related document. ibm :: share :: SHARE 61 Proceedings Volume 1 Summer 1983 :: B638 CMS Architecture and Interactive Computing; Daney

This Report describes the Pilot-Demonstration Phase of the development of a Joint IETM Architecture (JIA) designed to assure Service-wide interoperability of Interactive Electronic Technical Manuals (IETMs) based on emerging World Wide Web technology. The goal of the JIA is to provide an environment in which all legacy, and newly acquired, Electronic Technical Manuals can be read by any end user with a common user interface display system, regardless of authorship of the Technical Information.

One of the challenges in a distributed virtual environment stems from the requirement to simultaneously execute the simulations in realtime to support human interaction, in conjunction with maintaining a consistent view of the shared simulated environment. Maintaining a consistent set of simulation state data in the presence of network latency is difficult if individual data items are updated frequently. The principle application of DIS-based simulation environments has been in the domain of training where a consistent view or its correctness is often judged in subjective terms such as the simulation looking and feeling correct. New application areas for these systems are emerging in the analysis and test domains. For these domains, quantifying shared state consistency in terms of overall distributed application architecture is desirable. This research effort will investigate and validate methods to calculate and measure the latency effects that consider the structure of the applications themselves. Additional latencies introduced due to the software architecture may significantly affect the consistency of the simulation. An improved understanding is beneficial to the Air Force where real-time distributed simulations used for the purpose of analyzing the systems they simulate and the support of live test events.